Breathing ExerciseNCT07646002
Effectiveness of Balloon Blowing and Deep Breathing Exercise on Increasing Peripheral Oxygen Saturation in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
A study testing Balloon-blowing and Deep breathing exercises and Deep breathing exercises in people with Breathing Exercise and Breathing Technique, run by Universitas Indonesia at 1 site in Indonesia.
Trial summary
This study aims to determine the effect of Balloon Blowing and Deep Breathing Exercise on Increasing Peripheral Oxygen Saturation in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. The main question it aims to answer is: 1. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 60 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Breathing Exercise, Breathing Technique
- What is being tested?
- Balloon-blowing and Deep breathing exercises and Deep breathing exercises
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 46 participants
- Where
- 1 siteIndonesia
- Study dates
- 10 Mar 2026to 1 Jun 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 60 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Patients aged 18-60 years, diagnosed with mild to moderate COPD, or with other medical conditions but a history of COPD, able and calm to follow instructions to inhale using the balloon blowing technique, and willing to be studied with informed consent.
Who cannot join
- Patients with severe shortness of breath, patients on respiratory support, and abnormal hemoglobin levels. Dropout criteria included discontinuation of the study and respondents not undergoing the appropriate intervention.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Indonesia1 site
dr. Zainoel Abidin Regional General Hospital
Banda Aceh, Special Region of Aceh, 32126
About this study
This study aims to determine the effect of Balloon Blowing and Deep Breathing Exercise on Increasing Peripheral Oxygen Saturation in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. The main question it aims to answer is:
- What is the effect of balloon blowing breathing exercise on peripheral oxygen saturation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease patients? Participants performed the exercise on the day agreed upon with the researcher. Respondents performed balloon-blowing breathing exercises twice daily for 7 days. These exercises consisted of deep breathing exercises followed by a slow balloon-blowing technique in three cycles per session, with a 1-minute rest interval between cycles. Each cycle included a deep breath for 3-4 seconds, a breath hold for 2-3 seconds, and a slow breath into the balloon for 5-8 seconds, repeated four times. Oxygen saturation was measured after the intervention on the seventh day to assess the effect of the exercise on peripheral oxygen saturation.
Researchers compared the intervention and control groups to determine whether there was a significant difference between respondents who performed deep breathing exercises and balloon-blowing (intervention) and those who performed only deep breathing exercises (control).
Read the detailed description
The research process was guided by the CONSORT Statement for RCTs. The process involved registration, allocation, follow-up, and analysis. The recruitment process began with a feasibility assessment for potential respondents. This process was carried out when the patient conducted a phase 2 pulmonary rehabilitation evaluation.
Researchers initially reviewed patient data through medical records, reviewing ID, color code, age, gender, medical history, patient condition, and location of residence. Patients' communication skills were assessed during the evaluation.
The inclusion criteria for this study were patients aged 18-60 years, diagnosed with mild to moderate COPD, or with other medical conditions but a history of COPD, able and calm to follow instructions to inhale using the balloon blowing technique, and willing to be studied with informed consent. Exclusion criteria included patients with severe shortness of breath, patients on respiratory support, and abnormal hemoglobin levels. Dropout criteria included discontinuation of the study and respondents not undergoing the appropriate intervention. The collected respondents were then randomly assigned using envelopes, dividing them into two groups: 23 respondents in the intervention group and 23 respondents in the control group.
- Conditions
- Breathing Exercise, Breathing Technique
- Being tested
- Balloon-blowing and Deep breathing exercises, Deep breathing exercises
- Keywords
- Breathing Exercises, Oxygen Saturation, Peripheral, Balloon Blowing Exercise, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Deep Breathing
- Medical subject headings
- Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Balloon-blowing and Deep breathing exercisesBehavioural
Respondents performed balloon-blowing breathing exercises twice daily for 7 days. These exercises consisted of deep breathing exercises followed by a slow balloon-blowing technique in three cycles per session, with a 1-minute rest interval between cycles. Each cycle included a deep breath for 3-4 seconds, a breath hold for 2-3 seconds, and a slow breath into the balloon for 5-8 seconds, repeated four times.
Deep breathing exercisesBehavioural
The participants performed deep breathing exercises twice daily for 7 days. The exercises consisted of three cycles of deep breathing only per session, with a 1-minute rest interval between cycles. Each cycle included a deep breath in for 3-4 seconds, a breath hold for 2-3 seconds, and a slow exhalation for 5-8 seconds, repeated four times.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention Group | Experimental | Performed Balloon-blowing and Deep breathing exercises Receives: Behavioral: Balloon-blowing and Deep breathing exercises |
| Control Group | Experimental | Performed only deep breathing exercises Receives: Behavioral: Deep breathing exercises |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Peripheral Oxygen Saturation
Peripheral oxygen saturation was measured using a Braun brand pulse oximeter after the intervention on the first and seventh days to assess the effect of the exercise.
Measured: Day 1 & Day 7
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted12 Jun 2026
- Study start10 Mar 2026
- Primary completion25 May 2026
- Study completion1 Jun 2026
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Breathing ExerciseStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Universitas IndonesiaThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- This study used a parallel Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) with a 1:1 ratio
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 46 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Universitas Indonesia
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Chairul Huda, Universitas Indonesia
- Investigators
- Chairul Huda, Master & Postgraduate Program, Study chair, Universitas Indonesia
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07646002
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 770/Litbang
- Status last verified
- Jul 2026
- First submitted
- 9 Jun 2026
- Last updated
- 17 Jul 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 17 Jul 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effectiveness of Balloon Blowing and Deep Breathing Exercise on Increasing Peripheral Oxygen Saturation in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07646002
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 770/Litbang
- Conditions
- Breathing Exercise, Breathing Technique
- Keywords
- Breathing Exercises, Oxygen Saturation, Peripheral, Balloon Blowing Exercise, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Deep Breathing
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 46 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Universitas IndonesiaUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 10 Mar 2026 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 25 May 2026 (actual)
- Study completion
- 1 Jun 2026 (actual)
- First posted
- 12 Jun 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study aims to determine the effect of Balloon Blowing and Deep Breathing Exercise on Increasing Peripheral Oxygen Saturation in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. The main question it aims to answer is:
- What is the effect of balloon blowing breathing exercise on peripheral oxygen saturation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease patients? Participants performed the exercise on the day agreed upon with the researcher. Respondents performed balloon-blowing breathing exercises twice daily for 7 days. These exercises consisted of deep breathing exercises followed by a slow balloon-blowing technique in three cycles per session, with a 1-minute rest interval between cycles. Each cycle included a deep breath for 3-4 seconds, a breath hold for 2-3 seconds, and a slow breath into the balloon for 5-8 seconds, repeated four times. Oxygen saturation was measured after the intervention on the seventh day to assess the effect of the exercise on peripheral oxygen saturation.
Researchers compared the intervention and control groups to determine whether there was a significant difference between respondents who performed deep breathing exercises and balloon-blowing (intervention) and those who performed only deep breathing exercises (control).
Detailed description
The research process was guided by the CONSORT Statement for RCTs. The process involved registration, allocation, follow-up, and analysis. The recruitment process began with a feasibility assessment for potential respondents. This process was carried out when the patient conducted a phase 2 pulmonary rehabilitation evaluation.
Researchers initially reviewed patient data through medical records, reviewing ID, color code, age, gender, medical history, patient condition, and location of residence. Patients' communication skills were assessed during the evaluation.
The inclusion criteria for this study were patients aged 18-60 years, diagnosed with mild to moderate COPD, or with other medical conditions but a history of COPD, able and calm to follow instructions to inhale using the balloon blowing technique, and willing to be studied with informed consent. Exclusion criteria included patients with severe shortness of breath, patients on respiratory support, and abnormal hemoglobin levels. Dropout criteria included discontinuation of the study and respondents not undergoing the appropriate intervention. The collected respondents were then randomly assigned using envelopes, dividing them into two groups: 23 respondents in the intervention group and 23 respondents in the control group.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- This study used a parallel Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) with a 1:1 ratio
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention Group | Experimental | Behavioral: Balloon-blowing and Deep breathing exercisesPerformed Balloon-blowing and Deep breathing exercises |
| Control Group | Experimental | Behavioral: Deep breathing exercisesPerformed only deep breathing exercises |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 60 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Patients aged 18-60 years, diagnosed with mild to moderate COPD, or with other medical conditions but a history of COPD, able and calm to follow instructions to inhale using the balloon blowing technique, and willing to be studied with informed consent.
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Patients with severe shortness of breath, patients on respiratory support, and abnormal hemoglobin levels. Dropout criteria included discontinuation of the study and respondents not undergoing the appropriate intervention.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Balloon-blowing and Deep breathing exercisesRespondents performed balloon-blowing breathing exercises twice daily for 7 days. These exercises consisted of deep breathing exercises followed by a slow balloon-blowing technique in three cycles per session, with a 1-minute rest interval between cycles. Each cycle included a deep breath for 3-4 seconds, a breath hold for 2-3 seconds, and a slow breath into the balloon for 5-8 seconds, repeated four times. | Behavioural | Intervention Group |
| Deep breathing exercisesThe participants performed deep breathing exercises twice daily for 7 days. The exercises consisted of three cycles of deep breathing only per session, with a 1-minute rest interval between cycles. Each cycle included a deep breath in for 3-4 seconds, a breath hold for 2-3 seconds, and a slow exhalation for 5-8 seconds, repeated four times. | Behavioural | Control Group |
Primary outcome
Peripheral Oxygen Saturation
Time frame: Day 1 & Day 7
Peripheral oxygen saturation was measured using a Braun brand pulse oximeter after the intervention on the first and seventh days to assess the effect of the exercise.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 17 Jul 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Chairul Huda, Master & Postgraduate Program study chair
Universitas Indonesia
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Balloon-blowing and Deep breathing exercises and Deep breathing exercises in people with Breathing Exercise and Breathing Technique, run by Universitas Indonesia at 1 site in Indonesia.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 17 Jul 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Indonesia. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Peripheral Oxygen Saturation (time frame: Day 1 & Day 7). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 17 Jul 2026.