Heart Arrest, Out-Of-HospitalNCT07649616

Increasing Law Enforcement Application of Automated External Defibrillators (AED)s for Cardiac Arrest

A study testing AED training adjunct in people with Heart Arrest, Out-Of-Hospital and Defibrillators, run by Wayne State University at 1 site in United States.

Enrolling by invitation

Enrolling by invitation. The study team selects and invites participants, usually from an existing group of patients.

Sites and contacts

Official record

Search all trials

Trial summary

The goal of this study is to learn if an automated external defibrillator (AED) training adjunct video can improve law enforcement self-efficacy, the likelihood of AED application overall, and decrease disparities in women. Read more about this study

Who is it for?: Ages 18 years and older
Conditions the study is for: Heart Arrest, Out-Of-Hospital, Defibrillators
What is being tested?: AED training adjunct
Type of treatment: Lifestyle or therapy programme
Could I receive a placebo?: No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people: 30 participants
Where: 1 siteUnited States
Study dates: 14 Jul 2026to 31 Dec 2027
Phase: Interventional
Are there results?: Not yet: the study is under way

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

Ages 18 years and older
All sexes
No healthy volunteers
Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

Law enforcement officers from agencies in the greater Portland area served by the Portland Cardiac Arrest Epidemiologic Registry
aged 18 years of age and older

Who cannot join

none

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.

United States1 site

Wayne State University
Detroit, Michigan, 48202

Other trials in United States

About this study

Official title: Increasing Law Enforcement Application of Automated External Defibrillators for Cardiac Arrest

Participants will be asked to:

complete a brief initial survey
view an AED training adjunct video
complete another survey following the video

Read the detailed description

The investigators will conduct a pilot study to examine the efficacy of an education intervention, based on new 2025 American Heart Association guidelines, to improve the likelihood of AED application. The intervention and surveys will be delivered asynchronously online. The investigators will use a short pre-intervention survey to gather information about participants' likelihood and self-efficacy to apply an AED overall and specifically to women. The investigators will also gather basic demographic information including gender, Basic Life Support certification status, and experience responding to cardiac arrests. Participants will then watch a short video, followed by a post-intervention survey to examine changes in likelihood and self-efficacy to apply an AED. All three components will be delivered within the same Qualtrics survey (i.e., pre-survey, video, post-survey).

Conditions: Heart Arrest, Out-Of-Hospital, Defibrillators
Being tested: AED training adjunct
Medical subject headings: Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

AED training adjunctBehavioural
Participants will complete a brief survey, then watch an AED training adjunct video, followed by a repeat survey. All components are delivered asynchronously online. The investigators will prospectively evaluate using an existing observational registry used for quality improvement and research, the Portland Cardiac Arrest Epidemiologic Registry (PDX Epistry).

Study groups in NCT07649616
Study group	Role	What they receive
AED training adjunct	Experimental	Receive AED training intervention Receives: Behavioral: AED training adjunct
Control	No intervention	Counties that do not receive the additional training will serve as control counties. The investigators will prospectively evaluate using an existing observational registry used for quality improvement and research, the Portland Cardiac Arrest Epidemiologic Registry (PDX Epistry).

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

Change in Confidence to Attach Automated External Defibrillator (AED) Pads on a Woman
The primary training outcome is, "I am confident I can always attach AED pads in the correct position on a woman". This question is a modified question from a validated tool to measure changes in self-efficacy, the Basic Resuscitation Skills Self-Efficacy Scale, which measures "can do" using 0-100.
Measured: Immediately following the AED training intervention
Change in AED Application
Our primary care outcome is, change in AED application by law enforcement among adult cases with law enforcement on-scene before Emergency Medical Services (EMS) arrival overall and stratified by gender relative to the same geographic region in the preceding 5-year period. The outcome will be measured using the Portland Cardiac Arrest Epidemiologic Registry (PDX Epistry), an existing observational registry used for quality improvement and research.
Measured: Prospectively over 18 months following AED training intervention

Secondary outcomes (1)

Change in AED Application by AED Training
Change in AED application by law enforcement among adult cases with law enforcement on-scene before Emergency Medical Services (EMS) arrival overall and stratified by gender for counties that received the AED training adjunct versus control counties. The outcome will be measured using the PDX Epistry, an existing observational registry used for quality improvement and research.
Measured: Prospectively over 18 months following AED training intervention.

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

14 Jul 202631 Dec 2027

First posted16 Jun 2026
Study start14 Jul 2026
Primary completion31 Dec 2027 (estimated)
Study completion31 Dec 2027 (estimated)

Resources

Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
Publications (22)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
Other trials for Heart Arrest, Out-Of-HospitalStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design

Study type: Interventional
Phase: Phase N/A
Primary purpose: Other
Allocation: Non-randomised
Intervention model: Parallel groups
Model description: The investigators will conduct a pre-post intervention study to evaluate the effectiveness of a brief automated external defibrillator (AED) training adjunct video to improve self-efficacy, and the likelihood law enforcement will apply an AED overall and to a woman across multiple law enforcement agencies in the Portland Cardiac Arrest Epidemiologic Registry (PDX Epistry) geographic region in Oregon. PDX Epistry is an observational registry used for quality improvement and research. The investigators will use PDX Epistry to prospectively evaluate law enforcement AED use after this training and counties that did not receive the training will serve as control counties.
Masking: None (open label)
Enrolment: 30 participants (estimated)

IDs, dates and publications

ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT07649616
Sponsor's protocol ID: 26-0365
Other IDs: 26RIRA1636534
Status last verified: Aug 2026
First submitted: 3 Jun 2026
Last updated: 19 Aug 2026
Results posted: No
Data monitoring committee: No
FDA-regulated drug: No
FDA-regulated device: No
Individual data sharing: Yes: All newly generated factual data that is needed for independent verification of research results will be made freely and publicly available in the AHA-approved repository, Zendo following the FAIR data sharing paradigm. This includes anonymized demographic information, self-efficacy data, and AED training. The investigators will not deposit open-ended survey responses due to an inability to anonymize or aggregate the data.

Publications

Oregon Health & Science University. PDX Epistry. https://www.ohsu.edu/school-ofmedicine/ emergency/pdx-epistry
Cardiac Arrset Registry to Enhance Survival. 2024 CARES Survival Report.; 2024. https://mycares.net/sitepages/uploads/2025/CARES%202024%20Non-Traumatic%20National%20Survival%20Report.pdf
Lupton JR, Johnson E, Prigmore B, Daya MR, Jui J, Thompson K, Nuttall J, Neth MR, Sahni R, Newgard CD. Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest outcomes when law enforcement arrives before emergency medical services. Resuscitation. 2024 Jan;194:110044. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2023.110044. Epub 2023 Nov 11.
PubMed 37952574
Fukushima H, Bolstad F. Telephone CPR: Current Status, Challenges, and Future Perspectives. Open Access Emerg Med. 2020 Sep 7;12:193-200. doi: 10.2147/OAEM.S259700. eCollection 2020.
PubMed 32982493
Fukushima H, Panczyk M, Spaite DW, Chikani V, Dameff C, Hu C, Birkenes TS, Myklebust H, Sutter J, Langlais B, Wu Z, Bobrow BJ. Barriers to telephone cardiopulmonary resuscitation in public and residential locations. Resuscitation. 2016 Dec;109:116-120. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2016.07.241. Epub 2016 Aug 10.
PubMed 27521469
Dobbie F, Uny I, Eadie D, Duncan E, Stead M, Bauld L, Angus K, Hassled L, MacInnes L, Clegg G. Barriers to bystander CPR in deprived communities: Findings from a qualitative study. PLoS One. 2020 Jun 10;15(6):e0233675. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233675. eCollection 2020.
PubMed 32520938
Missel AL, Dowker SR, Chiola M, Platt J, Tsutsui J, Kasten K, Swor R, Neumar RW, Hunt N, Herbert L, Sams W, Nallamothu BK, Shields T, Coulter-Thompson EI, Friedman CP. Barriers to the Initiation of Telecommunicator-CPR during 9-1-1 Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Calls: A Qualitative Study. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2024;28(1):118-125. doi: 10.1080/10903127.2023.2183533. Epub 2023 Mar 13.
PubMed 36857489
Hernandez-Padilla J, Suthers F, Fernandez-Sola C, Granero-Molina J. Development and psychometric assessment of the Basic Resuscitation Skills Self-Efficacy Scale. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2016 Apr;15(3):e10-8. doi: 10.1177/1474515114562130. Epub 2014 Nov 24.
PubMed 25422522
Grunau B, Humphries K, Stenstrom R, Pennington S, Scheuermeyer F, van Diepen S, Awad E, Al Assil R, Kawano T, Brooks S, Gu B, Christenson J. Public access defibrillators: Gender-based inequities in access and application. Resuscitation. 2020 May;150:17-22. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2020.02.024. Epub 2020 Feb 29.
PubMed 32126247
Jadhav S, Gaddam S. Gender and location disparities in prehospital bystander AED usage. Resuscitation. 2021 Jan;158:139-142. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2020.11.006. Epub 2020 Nov 12.
PubMed 33189804
Kiyohara K, Katayama Y, Kitamura T, Kiguchi T, Matsuyama T, Ishida K, Sado J, Hirose T, Hayashida S, Nishiyama C, Iwami T, Shimazu T. Gender disparities in the application of public-access AED pads among OHCA patients in public locations. Resuscitation. 2020 May;150:60-64. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2020.02.038. Epub 2020 Mar 19.
PubMed 32199903
Aldeen AZ, Hartman ND, Segura A, Phull A, Shaw DM, Chiampas GT, Courtney DM. Video self-instruction for police officers in cardiopulmonary resuscitation and automated external defibrillators. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2013 Oct;28(5):471-6. doi: 10.1017/S1049023X13008716. Epub 2013 Jul 26.
PubMed 23890536
Uny I, Angus K, Duncan E, Dobbie F. Barriers and facilitators to delivering bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation in deprived communities: a systematic review. Perspect Public Health. 2023 Jan;143(1):43-53. doi: 10.1177/17579139211055497. Epub 2022 Jan 31.
PubMed 35100885
Kleinman ME, Buick JE, Huber N, Idris AH, Levy M, Morgan SG, Nassal MMJ, Neth MR, Norii T, Nunnally ME, Rodriguez AJ, Walsh BK, Drennan IR. Part 7: Adult Basic Life Support: 2025 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Circulation. 2025 Oct 21;152(16_suppl_2):S448-S478. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000001369. Epub 2025 Oct 22.
PubMed 41122888
Norskov AS, Considine J, Nehme Z, Olasveengen TM, Morrison LJ, Morley P, Bray JE; International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation Basic Life Support Task Force. Removal of bra for pad placement and defibrillation - A scoping review. Resusc Plus. 2025 Feb 3;22:100885. doi: 10.1016/j.resplu.2025.100885. eCollection 2025 Mar.
PubMed 40026715

Interested in taking part?

The sponsor has not listed a contact. The official record may have more details.

Talk to your doctor first and take this page with you. Only the study team can confirm whether you can join.

Questions to ask the study team

What is the study trying to find out?
What would I need to do, and how often would I visit?
Could I receive a placebo instead of the treatment?
What are the possible risks and benefits for me?
Will it cost me anything? Are travel or time paid for?
Can I keep seeing my own doctor during the study?
What happens when the study ends?

See sites and contacts

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All Heart Arrest, Out-Of-Hospital trials

Study at a glance

From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 19 Aug 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.

Official title: Increasing Law Enforcement Application of Automated External Defibrillators for Cardiac Arrest
ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT07649616
Acronym / sponsor ID: 26-0365
Conditions: Heart Arrest, Out-Of-Hospital, Defibrillators
Study type: Interventional
Recruitment status: Enrolling by invitation
Enrolment: 30 participants (estimated)
Lead sponsor: Wayne State UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
Collaborators: Oregon Health and Science University, American Heart Association
Study start: 14 Jul 2026 (actual)
Primary completion: 31 Dec 2027 (estimated)
Study completion: 31 Dec 2027 (estimated)
First posted: 16 Jun 2026 (actual)
Results: Not posted in the source record

Clinical summary

The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.

Participants will be asked to:

complete a brief initial survey
view an AED training adjunct video
complete another survey following the video

Detailed description

Study design

Primary purpose: Other
Allocation: Non-randomised
Intervention model: Parallel groups
Masking: None (open label)
Number of arms: 2
Model description: The investigators will conduct a pre-post intervention study to evaluate the effectiveness of a brief automated external defibrillator (AED) training adjunct video to improve self-efficacy, and the likelihood law enforcement will apply an AED overall and to a woman across multiple law enforcement agencies in the Portland Cardiac Arrest Epidemiologic Registry (PDX Epistry) geographic region in Oregon. PDX Epistry is an observational registry used for quality improvement and research. The investigators will use PDX Epistry to prospectively evaluate law enforcement AED use after this training and counties that did not receive the training will serve as control counties.

Arm	Type	Receives
AED training adjunct	Experimental	Behavioral: AED training adjunctReceive AED training intervention
Control	No intervention	–Counties that do not receive the additional training will serve as control counties. The investigators will prospectively evaluate using an existing observational registry used for quality improvement and research, the Portland Cardiac Arrest Epidemiologic Registry (PDX Epistry).

Who may qualify

Ages: 18 years and older
Sex: All
Healthy volunteers: Not accepted
Age groups: Adult, Older adult

Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)

Law enforcement officers from agencies in the greater Portland area served by the Portland Cardiac Arrest Epidemiologic Registry
aged 18 years of age and older

Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)

none

Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Interventions

Intervention	Type	Arms
AED training adjunctParticipants will complete a brief survey, then watch an AED training adjunct video, followed by a repeat survey. All components are delivered asynchronously online. The investigators will prospectively evaluate using an existing observational registry used for quality improvement and research, the Portland Cardiac Arrest Epidemiologic Registry (PDX Epistry).	Behavioural	AED training adjunct

Primary outcome

Change in Confidence to Attach Automated External Defibrillator (AED) Pads on a Woman
Time frame: Immediately following the AED training intervention
The primary training outcome is, "I am confident I can always attach AED pads in the correct position on a woman". This question is a modified question from a validated tool to measure changes in self-efficacy, the Basic Resuscitation Skills Self-Efficacy Scale, which measures "can do" using 0-100.
Change in AED Application
Time frame: Prospectively over 18 months following AED training intervention
Our primary care outcome is, change in AED application by law enforcement among adult cases with law enforcement on-scene before Emergency Medical Services (EMS) arrival overall and stratified by gender relative to the same geographic region in the preceding 5-year period. The outcome will be measured using the Portland Cardiac Arrest Epidemiologic Registry (PDX Epistry), an existing observational registry used for quality improvement and research.

1 secondary outcome

Change in AED Application by AED Training
Time frame: Prospectively over 18 months following AED training intervention.

Results and safety

This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.

Research links

Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 19 Aug 2026.
BackgroundOregon Health & Science University. PDX Epistry. https://www.ohsu.edu/school-ofmedicine/ emergency/pdx-epistry
BackgroundCardiac Arrset Registry to Enhance Survival. 2024 CARES Survival Report.; 2024. https://mycares.net/sitepages/uploads/2025/CARES%202024%20Non-Traumatic%20National%20Survival%20Report.pdf
Background: PubMed 37952574Lupton JR, Johnson E, Prigmore B, Daya MR, Jui J, Thompson K, Nuttall J, Neth MR, Sahni R, Newgard CD. Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest outcomes when law enforcement arrives before emergency medical services. Resuscitation. 2024 Jan;194:110044. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2023.110044. Epub 2023 Nov 11.
Background: PubMed 32982493Fukushima H, Bolstad F. Telephone CPR: Current Status, Challenges, and Future Perspectives. Open Access Emerg Med. 2020 Sep 7;12:193-200. doi: 10.2147/OAEM.S259700. eCollection 2020.
Background: PubMed 27521469Fukushima H, Panczyk M, Spaite DW, Chikani V, Dameff C, Hu C, Birkenes TS, Myklebust H, Sutter J, Langlais B, Wu Z, Bobrow BJ. Barriers to telephone cardiopulmonary resuscitation in public and residential locations. Resuscitation. 2016 Dec;109:116-120. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2016.07.241. Epub 2016 Aug 10.
Background: PubMed 32520938Dobbie F, Uny I, Eadie D, Duncan E, Stead M, Bauld L, Angus K, Hassled L, MacInnes L, Clegg G. Barriers to bystander CPR in deprived communities: Findings from a qualitative study. PLoS One. 2020 Jun 10;15(6):e0233675. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233675. eCollection 2020.
Background: PubMed 36857489Missel AL, Dowker SR, Chiola M, Platt J, Tsutsui J, Kasten K, Swor R, Neumar RW, Hunt N, Herbert L, Sams W, Nallamothu BK, Shields T, Coulter-Thompson EI, Friedman CP. Barriers to the Initiation of Telecommunicator-CPR during 9-1-1 Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Calls: A Qualitative Study. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2024;28(1):118-125. doi: 10.1080/10903127.2023.2183533. Epub 2023 Mar 13.
Background: PubMed 25422522Hernandez-Padilla J, Suthers F, Fernandez-Sola C, Granero-Molina J. Development and psychometric assessment of the Basic Resuscitation Skills Self-Efficacy Scale. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2016 Apr;15(3):e10-8. doi: 10.1177/1474515114562130. Epub 2014 Nov 24.
Background: PubMed 32126247Grunau B, Humphries K, Stenstrom R, Pennington S, Scheuermeyer F, van Diepen S, Awad E, Al Assil R, Kawano T, Brooks S, Gu B, Christenson J. Public access defibrillators: Gender-based inequities in access and application. Resuscitation. 2020 May;150:17-22. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2020.02.024. Epub 2020 Feb 29.
Background: PubMed 33189804Jadhav S, Gaddam S. Gender and location disparities in prehospital bystander AED usage. Resuscitation. 2021 Jan;158:139-142. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2020.11.006. Epub 2020 Nov 12.
Background: PubMed 32199903Kiyohara K, Katayama Y, Kitamura T, Kiguchi T, Matsuyama T, Ishida K, Sado J, Hirose T, Hayashida S, Nishiyama C, Iwami T, Shimazu T. Gender disparities in the application of public-access AED pads among OHCA patients in public locations. Resuscitation. 2020 May;150:60-64. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2020.02.038. Epub 2020 Mar 19.
Background: PubMed 23890536Aldeen AZ, Hartman ND, Segura A, Phull A, Shaw DM, Chiampas GT, Courtney DM. Video self-instruction for police officers in cardiopulmonary resuscitation and automated external defibrillators. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2013 Oct;28(5):471-6. doi: 10.1017/S1049023X13008716. Epub 2013 Jul 26.
Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. All newly generated factual data that is needed for independent verification of research results will be made freely and publicly available in the AHA-approved repository, Zendo following the FAIR data sharing paradigm. This includes anonymized demographic information, self-efficacy data, and AED training. The investigators will not deposit open-ended survey responses due to an inability to anonymize or aggregate the data.

Related trials for Heart Arrest, Out-Of-Hospital

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Referral and contact

AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.

Robert Ploutz-Snyder, PhD, PStat(r) study chair

Wayne State University

1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing AED training adjunct in people with Heart Arrest, Out-Of-Hospital and Defibrillators, run by Wayne State University at 1 site in United States.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: enrolling by invitation, as of the sponsor's last update on 19 Aug 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Change in Confidence to Attach Automated External Defibrillator (AED) Pads on a Woman (time frame: Immediately following the AED training intervention). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07649616, which also lists 22 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 19 Aug 2026.