Functional Ankle InstabilityNCT07671170
Comparative Effect of Combined Strength, Core and Balance Training on Kinesiophobia, Ankle Instability, Functional Outcomes, and Performance in Table Tennis Players With Functional Ankle Instability
A study testing Experimental : Combined Strength and Balance Training in people with Functional Ankle Instability and Kinesiophobia, run by Ibadat International University, Islamabad.
Trial summary
This randomized controlled trial investigates the comparative effect of combined strength and balance training versus balance and core training on kinesiophobia (fear of movement), ankle instability, functional outcomes, and athletic performance in adolescent table tennis players with functional ankle instability… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 15 to 30 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Functional Ankle Instability, Kinesiophobia, Sports Rehabilitation
- What is being tested?
- Experimental : Combined Strength and Balance Training
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 51 participants
- Where
- No sites listed yet
- Study dates
- Jul 2026to Oct 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 15 to 30 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child, Adult
Who may be able to join
- Male/female table tennis players aged 15-30 years
- Experienced at least one ankle sprain with swelling/pain that interrupted training for >1 day within the last 6 months
- Reported sensation of instability of the ankle
- Scored ≤25 points on the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT), indicating functional ankle instability
Who cannot join
- History of ankle fracture or surgery
- Any fracture of lower limb history
- Any neurological or vestibular disorders
- Other injuries of lower limb affecting performance
Trial locations and contacts
No sites are listed yet. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
About this study
This randomized controlled trial investigates the comparative effect of combined strength and balance training versus balance and core training on kinesiophobia (fear of movement), ankle instability, functional outcomes, and athletic performance in adolescent table tennis players with functional ankle instability (FAI). Participants will be randomly allocated into two groups over a 6-week intervention (3 sessions/week). The Experimental Group will receive combined strength and balance training, while the Control Group will receive balance and core training. Outcomes will be measured using validated tools: TSK-17, CAIT, FAAM, Y-Balance Test, Single-Leg Hop Test, T-Test, and Illinois Agility Test.
- Being tested
- Experimental : Combined Strength and Balance Training, Control : Balance and Core Training
- Keywords
- Balance Training, Athletes, Functional Ankle Instability, Table Tennis, Strength Training
- Medical subject headings
- Kinesiophobia
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Experimental : Combined Strength and Balance TrainingOther
A structured 6-week exercise program combining ankle strengthening exercises (Theraband resistance training, heel raises, lunges) with dynamic balance training (single-leg stance, wobble board, Y-balance drills). Sessions last 40-45 minutes and are conducted 3 times per week. Warm-up: 5-7 min light jogging/dynamic mobility. Main Training: 30 min combined strength and balance work. Cool-down: 5 min static stretching.
Control : Balance and Core TrainingOther
A structured 6-week program combining balance training (single-leg stance on firm and foam surfaces, tandem walking, Y-balance drills) with core stabilization exercises (plank, side plank, dead bug). Sessions last 40-45 minutes, 3 times per week with the same warm-up and cool-down structure as the experimental group
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Experimental: Combined Strength and Balance Training | Experimental | Participants will receive a 6-week combined strength and balance training program (3 sessions/week, 40-45 min).
Strength Component: Theraband Dorsiflexion (3×12), Theraband Eversion (3×12), Heel Raises progressing to single-leg (3×12), Forward Lunges (3×10 each leg).
Balance Component: Single-Leg Stance Eyes Open→Closed (3×30 sec), Wobble Board Standing (3×30 sec), Y-Balance Reach (3 trials each direction).
Weekly progression: Week 1-2 basic stable surface exercises, Week 3-4 increased repetitions, Week 5-6 single-leg variations introduced. Receives: Other: Experimental : Combined Strength and Balance Training |
| Control Group: Balance and Core Training | Active comparator | Participants will receive a 6-week balance and core training program (3 sessions/week, 40-45 min).
Balance Component: Single-Leg Stance Firm→Foam (3×30 sec), Tandem Walking (3×10 m), Y-Balance Drill (3 trials each direction).
Core Component: Plank Hold (3×20 sec), Side Plank each side (3×15 sec), Dead Bug Exercise (3×10 reps).
Weekly progression: Week 1-2 basic level, Week 3-4 increased repetitions, Week 5-6 maintained progression. Receives: Other: Control : Balance and Core Training |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Kinesiophobia - Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK-17)
17-item self-report questionnaire measuring fear of movement and re-injury. Good internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.70-0.86) and test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.72-0.90). Reduced scores indicate decreased kinesiophobia.
Measured: Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 6)
Ankle Instability - Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT)
Validated questionnaire assessing functional ankle instability severity. Excellent test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.96) and internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.83). Increased post-intervention scores indicate improved perceived ankle stability
Measured: Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 6)
Secondary outcomes (4)
Functional Ability - Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM)
Self-reported tool assessing functional limitations in foot and ankle disorders. Excellent internal consistency (α = 0.89-0.98) and reliability (ICC = 0.84-0.92) for ADL and Sports subscales. Increased scores indicate improved functional ability
Measured: Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 6)
Dynamic Balance - Y Balance Test (YBT)
Measures dynamic balance and lower limb neuromuscular control. Excellent test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.85-0.91). Reach distances normalized to limb length. Increased post-intervention reach distance indicates improved ankle stability.
Measured: Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 6)
Functional Performance - Single-Leg Hop Test
Reliable measure of lower limb strength, dynamic stability, and functional performance (ICC = 0.85-0.95). Increased hop distance and improved landing control indicate enhanced neuromuscular function.
Measured: Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 6)
Agility and Performance - T-Test and Illinois Agility Test
Valid and reliable measures of agility and change-of-direction speed. T-Test (ICC = 0.90-0.98), Illinois Agility Test (ICC = 0.88-0.96). Reduced completion time indicates improved dynamic stability and neuromuscular control.
Measured: Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 6)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted26 Jun 2026
- Study startJul 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completionSep 2026 (estimated)
- Study completionOct 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Functional Ankle InstabilityStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Participants are randomized into two parallel groups: Experimental Group (Combined Strength + Balance Training) and Control Group (Balance + Core Training). Both groups undergo 6 weeks of intervention (3 sessions/week, 40-45 min/session). Pre- and post-assessments are performed at baseline and week 6.
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 51 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Ibadat International University, Islamabad
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Hafsah Gul Khattak, Ibadat International University, Islamabad
- Investigators
- Hafsah Gul Khattak, DPT, MSNMPT, Principal investigator, IBADAT INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY, ISLAMABAD (IIUI)
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07671170
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- IIUI/RERC/ADT/2026/05/261
- Status last verified
- Jun 2026
- First submitted
- 22 Jun 2026
- Last updated
- 26 Jun 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 26 Jun 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Comparative Effect of Combined Strength, Core and Balance Training on Kinesiophobia, Ankle Instability, Functional Outcomes, and Performance in Table Tennis Players With Functional Ankle Instability
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07671170
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- IIUI/RERC/ADT/2026/05/261
- Keywords
- Balance Training, Athletes, Functional Ankle Instability, Table Tennis, Strength Training
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Not yet recruiting
- Enrolment
- 51 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Ibadat International University, IslamabadUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- Jul 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- Sep 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- Oct 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 26 Jun 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This randomized controlled trial investigates the comparative effect of combined strength and balance training versus balance and core training on kinesiophobia (fear of movement), ankle instability, functional outcomes, and athletic performance in adolescent table tennis players with functional ankle instability (FAI). Participants will be randomly allocated into two groups over a 6-week intervention (3 sessions/week). The Experimental Group will receive combined strength and balance training, while the Control Group will receive balance and core training. Outcomes will be measured using validated tools: TSK-17, CAIT, FAAM, Y-Balance Test, Single-Leg Hop Test, T-Test, and Illinois Agility Test.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Participants are randomized into two parallel groups: Experimental Group (Combined Strength + Balance Training) and Control Group (Balance + Core Training). Both groups undergo 6 weeks of intervention (3 sessions/week, 40-45 min/session). Pre- and post-assessments are performed at baseline and week 6.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Experimental: Combined Strength and Balance Training | Experimental | Other: Experimental : Combined Strength and Balance TrainingParticipants will receive a 6-week combined strength and balance training program (3 sessions/week, 40-45 min). Strength Component: Theraband Dorsiflexion (3×12), Theraband Eversion (3×12), Heel Raises progressing to single-leg (3×12), Forward Lunges (3×10 each leg). Balance Component: Single-Leg Stance Eyes Open→Closed (3×30 sec), Wobble Board Standing (3×30 sec), Y-Balance Reach (3 trials each direction). Weekly progression: Week 1-2 basic stable surface exercises, Week 3-4 increased repetitions, Week 5-6 single-leg variations introduced. |
| Control Group: Balance and Core Training | Active comparator | Other: Control : Balance and Core TrainingParticipants will receive a 6-week balance and core training program (3 sessions/week, 40-45 min). Balance Component: Single-Leg Stance Firm→Foam (3×30 sec), Tandem Walking (3×10 m), Y-Balance Drill (3 trials each direction). Core Component: Plank Hold (3×20 sec), Side Plank each side (3×15 sec), Dead Bug Exercise (3×10 reps). Weekly progression: Week 1-2 basic level, Week 3-4 increased repetitions, Week 5-6 maintained progression. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 15 to 30 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Male/female table tennis players aged 15-30 years
- Experienced at least one ankle sprain with swelling/pain that interrupted training for >1 day within the last 6 months
- Reported sensation of instability of the ankle
- Scored ≤25 points on the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT), indicating functional ankle instability
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- History of ankle fracture or surgery
- Any fracture of lower limb history
- Any neurological or vestibular disorders
- Other injuries of lower limb affecting performance
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Experimental : Combined Strength and Balance TrainingA structured 6-week exercise program combining ankle strengthening exercises (Theraband resistance training, heel raises, lunges) with dynamic balance training (single-leg stance, wobble board, Y-balance drills). Sessions last 40-45 minutes and are conducted 3 times per week. Warm-up: 5-7 min light jogging/dynamic mobility. Main Training: 30 min combined strength and balance work. Cool-down: 5 min static stretching. | Other | Experimental: Combined Strength and Balance Training |
| Control : Balance and Core TrainingA structured 6-week program combining balance training (single-leg stance on firm and foam surfaces, tandem walking, Y-balance drills) with core stabilization exercises (plank, side plank, dead bug). Sessions last 40-45 minutes, 3 times per week with the same warm-up and cool-down structure as the experimental group | Other | Control Group: Balance and Core Training |
Primary outcome
Kinesiophobia - Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK-17)
Time frame: Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 6)
17-item self-report questionnaire measuring fear of movement and re-injury. Good internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.70-0.86) and test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.72-0.90). Reduced scores indicate decreased kinesiophobia.
Ankle Instability - Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT)
Time frame: Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 6)
Validated questionnaire assessing functional ankle instability severity. Excellent test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.96) and internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.83). Increased post-intervention scores indicate improved perceived ankle stability
4 secondary outcomes
Functional Ability - Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM)
Time frame: Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 6)
Dynamic Balance - Y Balance Test (YBT)
Time frame: Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 6)
Functional Performance - Single-Leg Hop Test
Time frame: Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 6)
Agility and Performance - T-Test and Illinois Agility Test
Time frame: Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 6)
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 26 Jun 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Functional Biomechanical Analysis in Patients Who Underwent Lateral Ankle Ligament Repair With Augmentation
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Comparison of the Effects of Hip and Ankle Focused Progressive Exercise Training on Lower Extremity Function in Athletes With Chronic Ankle Instability
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Hafsah Gul Khattak, DPT, MSNMPT principal investigator
IBADAT INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY, ISLAMABAD (IIUI)
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Experimental : Combined Strength and Balance Training in people with Functional Ankle Instability and Kinesiophobia, run by Ibadat International University, Islamabad.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: opening soon, as of the sponsor's last update on 26 Jun 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Ahmad Zia, MS-PT Sports (+92 340 9270376, khanxia961@gmail.com), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Kinesiophobia - Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK-17) (time frame: Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 6)). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 26 Jun 2026.