Temporomandibular Disorders, BruxismTELEROCNCT07677228
Telerehabilitation Versus Home-Based Jaw Exercises in Temporomandibular Disorder With Bruxism
A study testing Telerehabilitation-based Rocabado exercises and Home-based Rocabado exercises in people with Temporomandibular Disorders, Bruxism, run by Mehmet Turgut at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
This study looked at whether jaw exercises (the Rocabado exercise programme) work better when delivered through supervised online video sessions than when done at home with written instructions alone, in adults who have jaw-joint pain (temporomandibular disorder) together with teeth grinding (bruxism). Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 60 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Temporomandibular Disorders, Bruxism
- What is being tested?
- Telerehabilitation-based Rocabado exercises and Home-based Rocabado exercises
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 40 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 15 Dec 2023to 20 Jul 2024
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 60 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Adults aged 18-60 years
- Diagnosis of myofascial temporomandibular disorder (TMD) with bruxism according to the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD)
- Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) pain score ≥ 3
- No medical treatment for TMD in the preceding 6 months
- Access to a smartphone with internet connectivity
- Turkish literacy and communication ability
Who cannot join
- Active orthodontic or splint treatment
- History of temporomandibular joint surgery
- Systemic inflammatory disease
- Pregnancy
- Major psychiatric disorders
- Neurological deficits in the cervical region
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University, Faculty of Dentistry
Nevşehir, Nevşehir Province, 50300
About this study
Official title: Effectiveness of Telerehabilitation-Based Rocabado Exercises Compared With Home-Based Rocabado Exercises in Patients With Myofascial Temporomandibular Dysfunction Accompanied by Bruxism: A Randomised Controlled Trial
This study looked at whether jaw exercises (the Rocabado exercise programme) work better when delivered through supervised online video sessions than when done at home with written instructions alone, in adults who have jaw-joint pain (temporomandibular disorder) together with teeth grinding (bruxism). Thirty adults were randomly placed into one of two groups. Both groups were taught the same exercises and asked to do them twice a day for four weeks. One group also took part in supervised video sessions three times a week, where a physiotherapist watched their exercises and gave feedback; the other group used printed exercise leaflets with weekly text-message reminders. The researchers measured jaw pain, how wide participants could open their mouth, jaw movement, stress, sleep quality and oral habits before treatment, after two weeks and after four weeks, to see which approach gave better results.
Read the detailed description
This single-centre, parallel-group, randomised controlled trial was conducted at the Faculty of Dentistry, Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University. Participants who met the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) for myofascial temporomandibular disorder with concurrent bruxism were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio using a computer-generated simple randomisation sequence. Allocation was concealed using sequentially numbered, opaque, sealed envelopes that were opened only after enrolment. The outcome assessor was blinded to group allocation; participants were not blinded owing to the nature of the intervention. Both groups received identical initial face-to-face training in the Rocabado 6×6 exercise programme and were instructed to perform the exercises twice daily for four weeks. The telerehabilitation group additionally received supervised video sessions, whereas the comparator group followed the programme at home with printed materials and reminders only. Assessments were performed in person at baseline, at week 2 (mid-treatment) and at week 4 (post-treatment). The sample size was estimated using G*Power, and data were analysed with within-group and between-group statistical comparisons.
- Conditions
- Temporomandibular Disorders, Bruxism
- Being tested
- Telerehabilitation-based Rocabado exercises, Home-based Rocabado exercises
- Keywords
- Telerehabilitation, Temporomandibular disorders, Bruxism, Rocabado exercises, Myofascial pain, Exercise therapy, Telemedicine, Physiotherap
- Medical subject headings
- Temporomandibular Joint Disorders, Bruxism
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Telerehabilitation-based Rocabado exercisesBehavioural
Supervised Rocabado 6×6 exercise programme delivered through video sessions via WhatsApp three times per week, with real-time physiotherapist feedback on exercise performance and technique, performed in addition to twice-daily home Rocabado exercises for four weeks.
Home-based Rocabado exercisesBehavioural
Rocabado 6×6 exercise programme performed at home twice daily for four weeks, supported by printed exercise brochures and weekly SMS reminders, without supervised video sessions or physiotherapist feedback.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Telerehabilitation group | Experimental | Participants received supervised Rocabado 6×6 exercise training through video sessions delivered via WhatsApp three times per week, with real-time physiotherapist feedback, in addition to performing the Rocabado exercises at home twice daily for four weeks. Receives: Behavioral: Telerehabilitation-based Rocabado exercises |
| Home exercise group | Active comparator | Participants performed the same Rocabado 6×6 exercise programme at home twice daily for four weeks, supported by printed exercise brochures and weekly SMS reminders, without supervised video sessions. Receives: Behavioral: Home-based Rocabado exercises |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Pain intensity (Visual Analogue Scale)
Pain intensity assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), scored from 0 to 10 cm, for morning pain, pain during chewing (mastication) and night pain. Higher scores indicate greater pain.
Measured: Baseline, week 2 (mid-treatment) and week 4 (post-treatment)
Maximum mouth opening
Maximum mouth opening measured in millimetres using a digital calliper (Mitutoyo, Japan); the mean of three consecutive measurements was recorded.
Measured: Baseline, week 2 (mid-treatment) and week 4 (post-treatment)
Secondary outcomes (5)
Temporomandibular joint range of motion
Active and passive maximum mouth opening, right and left lateral movements, and protrusion measured in millimetres using a digital calliper (Mitutoyo, Japan).
Measured: Baseline, week 2 (mid-treatment) and week 4 (post-treatment)
TMD severity (Fonseca Anamnestic Index)
Severity of temporomandibular disorder assessed using the Fonseca Anamnestic Index (0-100 points); higher scores indicate greater severity.
Measured: Baseline and week 4 (post-treatment)
Perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale)
Perceived stress assessed using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14), scored from 0 to 40; higher scores indicate greater perceived stress.
Measured: Baseline and week 4 (post-treatment)
Sleep quality (Jenkins Sleep Scale)
Sleep quality assessed using the Jenkins Sleep Scale, scored from 0 to 20; higher scores indicate poorer sleep quality.
Measured: Baseline and week 4 (post-treatment)
Oral parafunctional habits (Oral Behaviours Checklist)
Oral parafunctional habits assessed using the Oral Behaviours Checklist (OBC), scored from 0 to 40; higher scores indicate more frequent oral parafunctional behaviours.
Measured: Baseline and week 4 (post-treatment)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted30 Jun 2026
- Study start15 Dec 2023
- Primary completion20 Jul 2024
- Study completion20 Jul 2024
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Temporomandibular Disorders, BruxismStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Two-arm parallel-group randomised controlled trial; participants were allocated 1:1 to a telerehabilitation group or a home exercise group.
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 40 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Mehmet Turgut
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor-investigator, Mehmet Turgut, Nevsehir Haci Bektas Veli University
- Investigators
- Taha Turgut, Msc. PT., Principal investigator, Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli UniversityMehmet Turgut, Principal investigator, Nevsehir Haci Bektas Veli UniversityNevin Ergun, Study director, Sanko University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07677228
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2300080935
- Acronym
- TELEROC
- Status last verified
- Jun 2026
- First submitted
- 24 Jun 2026
- Last updated
- 30 Jun 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: Individual participant data are not made publicly available. De-identified data generated and analysed during the study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request, subject to institutional and ethical approval.
Publications
Turgut T. Effectiveness of telerehabilitation-based Rocabado exercises compared to home-based Rocabado exercises in myofascial temporomandibular dysfunctions accompanied by bruxism [master's thesis]. Nevşehir: Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University; 2024.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 30 Jun 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effectiveness of Telerehabilitation-Based Rocabado Exercises Compared With Home-Based Rocabado Exercises in Patients With Myofascial Temporomandibular Dysfunction Accompanied by Bruxism: A Randomised Controlled Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07677228
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- TELEROC / 2300080935
- Conditions
- Temporomandibular Disorders, Bruxism
- Keywords
- Telerehabilitation, Temporomandibular disorders, Bruxism, Rocabado exercises, Myofascial pain, Exercise therapy, Telemedicine, Physiotherap
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 40 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Mehmet TurgutUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 15 Dec 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 20 Jul 2024 (actual)
- Study completion
- 20 Jul 2024 (actual)
- First posted
- 30 Jun 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study looked at whether jaw exercises (the Rocabado exercise programme) work better when delivered through supervised online video sessions than when done at home with written instructions alone, in adults who have jaw-joint pain (temporomandibular disorder) together with teeth grinding (bruxism). Thirty adults were randomly placed into one of two groups. Both groups were taught the same exercises and asked to do them twice a day for four weeks. One group also took part in supervised video sessions three times a week, where a physiotherapist watched their exercises and gave feedback; the other group used printed exercise leaflets with weekly text-message reminders. The researchers measured jaw pain, how wide participants could open their mouth, jaw movement, stress, sleep quality and oral habits before treatment, after two weeks and after four weeks, to see which approach gave better results.
Detailed description
This single-centre, parallel-group, randomised controlled trial was conducted at the Faculty of Dentistry, Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University. Participants who met the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) for myofascial temporomandibular disorder with concurrent bruxism were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio using a computer-generated simple randomisation sequence. Allocation was concealed using sequentially numbered, opaque, sealed envelopes that were opened only after enrolment. The outcome assessor was blinded to group allocation; participants were not blinded owing to the nature of the intervention. Both groups received identical initial face-to-face training in the Rocabado 6×6 exercise programme and were instructed to perform the exercises twice daily for four weeks. The telerehabilitation group additionally received supervised video sessions, whereas the comparator group followed the programme at home with printed materials and reminders only. Assessments were performed in person at baseline, at week 2 (mid-treatment) and at week 4 (post-treatment). The sample size was estimated using G*Power, and data were analysed with within-group and between-group statistical comparisons.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Two-arm parallel-group randomised controlled trial; participants were allocated 1:1 to a telerehabilitation group or a home exercise group.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Telerehabilitation group | Experimental | Behavioral: Telerehabilitation-based Rocabado exercisesParticipants received supervised Rocabado 6×6 exercise training through video sessions delivered via WhatsApp three times per week, with real-time physiotherapist feedback, in addition to performing the Rocabado exercises at home twice daily for four weeks. |
| Home exercise group | Active comparator | Behavioral: Home-based Rocabado exercisesParticipants performed the same Rocabado 6×6 exercise programme at home twice daily for four weeks, supported by printed exercise brochures and weekly SMS reminders, without supervised video sessions. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 60 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Adults aged 18-60 years
- Diagnosis of myofascial temporomandibular disorder (TMD) with bruxism according to the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD)
- Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) pain score ≥ 3
- No medical treatment for TMD in the preceding 6 months
- Access to a smartphone with internet connectivity
Key exclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Active orthodontic or splint treatment
- History of temporomandibular joint surgery
- Systemic inflammatory disease
- Pregnancy
- Major psychiatric disorders
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Telerehabilitation-based Rocabado exercisesSupervised Rocabado 6×6 exercise programme delivered through video sessions via WhatsApp three times per week, with real-time physiotherapist feedback on exercise performance and technique, performed in addition to twice-daily home Rocabado exercises for four weeks. | Behavioural | Telerehabilitation group |
| Home-based Rocabado exercisesRocabado 6×6 exercise programme performed at home twice daily for four weeks, supported by printed exercise brochures and weekly SMS reminders, without supervised video sessions or physiotherapist feedback. | Behavioural | Home exercise group |
Primary outcome
Pain intensity (Visual Analogue Scale)
Time frame: Baseline, week 2 (mid-treatment) and week 4 (post-treatment)
Pain intensity assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), scored from 0 to 10 cm, for morning pain, pain during chewing (mastication) and night pain. Higher scores indicate greater pain.
Maximum mouth opening
Time frame: Baseline, week 2 (mid-treatment) and week 4 (post-treatment)
Maximum mouth opening measured in millimetres using a digital calliper (Mitutoyo, Japan); the mean of three consecutive measurements was recorded.
5 secondary outcomes
Temporomandibular joint range of motion
Time frame: Baseline, week 2 (mid-treatment) and week 4 (post-treatment)
TMD severity (Fonseca Anamnestic Index)
Time frame: Baseline and week 4 (post-treatment)
Perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale)
Time frame: Baseline and week 4 (post-treatment)
Sleep quality (Jenkins Sleep Scale)
Time frame: Baseline and week 4 (post-treatment)
Oral parafunctional habits (Oral Behaviours Checklist)
Time frame: Baseline and week 4 (post-treatment)
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 30 Jun 2026.
- Results publicationTurgut T. Effectiveness of telerehabilitation-based Rocabado exercises compared to home-based Rocabado exercises in myofascial temporomandibular dysfunctions accompanied by bruxism [master's thesis]. Nevşehir: Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University; 2024.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. Individual participant data are not made publicly available. De-identified data generated and analysed during the study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request, subject to institutional and ethical approval.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Taha Turgut, Msc. PT. principal investigator
Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University
Mehmet Turgut principal investigator
Nevsehir Haci Bektas Veli University
Nevin Ergun study director
Sanko University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Telerehabilitation-based Rocabado exercises and Home-based Rocabado exercises in people with Temporomandibular Disorders, Bruxism, run by Mehmet Turgut at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 6 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 30 Jun 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Pain intensity (Visual Analogue Scale) (time frame: Baseline, week 2 (mid-treatment) and week 4 (post-treatment)). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07677228, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 30 Jun 2026.