Smartphone Addiction LevelNCT07678398
Effects of a 12-Week Structured Badminton Intervention on Smartphone Addiction Among Adolescents
A study testing 12-Week Structured Badminton Program in people with Smartphone Addiction Level, run by Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
The global surge in smartphone addiction (SA) represents a critical biopsychosocial risk for adolescents. This study evaluated the efficacy of a 12-week structured badminton intervention in alleviating SA among high school students and explored the psychosocial mechanisms underlying behavioral change using a… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 14 to 18 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Smartphone Addiction Level
- What is being tested?
- 12-Week Structured Badminton Program
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 30 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 2 Jan 2023to 3 Mar 2023
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 14 to 18 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child, Adult
Who may be able to join
- Adolescents aged 14-18 years.
- Enrollment in a secondary/high school institution.
Who cannot join
- Presence of any musculoskeletal, neurological, cardiovascular, or medical condition that would prevent participation in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity.
- Current participation in a structured competitive sports training program.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Effects of a 12-Week Structured Badminton Intervention on Smartphone Addiction Among Adolescents: A Randomized Controlled Sequential Explanatory Mixed-Methods Study
The global surge in smartphone addiction (SA) represents a critical biopsychosocial risk for adolescents. This study evaluated the efficacy of a 12-week structured badminton intervention in alleviating SA among high school students and explored the psychosocial mechanisms underlying behavioral change using a sequential explanatory mixed-methods design.
Thirty adolescents were randomized into experimental (n=15) and control groups (n=15). The experimental group participated in an "open-skill" badminton program (6 sessions/week, 120-150 min/session) for 12 weeks, while the control group maintained their routine lifestyle. Data were collected via the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV) and semi-structured interviews. Statistical analysis included paired/independent t-tests and ANCOVA, followed by inductive thematic analysis of qualitative data.
Read more
Quantitative findings revealed a highly significant reduction in SA levels within the experimental group (Mpre = 32.27 ± 10.25 vs. Mpost = 24.93 ± 7.13, p<.001), achieving a very large effect size (d= 1.84). No significant change was observed in the control group (p=.095). ANCOVA confirmed a robust intervention effect, F(1,27)= 52.04, p<.001, explaining 65.8% of the variance. Qualitative follow-up identified five core themes-life functionality, withdrawal, virtual social orientation, overuse, and tolerance-indicating that badminton served as a "temporal buffer" that enhanced self-regulation and real-world relatedness.
A 12-week structured badminton program is a potent non-pharmacological strategy for mitigating technological dependencies. This research provides an evidence-based framework for utilizing sport-specific interventions to foster adolescent psychological resilience. Furthermore, our findings emphasize that open-skill sports act as a socio-cognitive buffer, reclaiming adolescent attention from digital spaces and fostering a sustainable state of digital well-being.
- Conditions
- Smartphone Addiction Level
- Being tested
- 12-Week Structured Badminton Program
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
12-Week Structured Badminton ProgramBehavioural
Participants assigned to the intervention group will participate in a structured badminton training program for 12 consecutive weeks. The program consists of six supervised sessions per week, each lasting approximately 120-150 minutes. Each session includes a standardized warm-up (30 minutes), badminton technical training and match play (60-90 minutes), and a cool-down period (30 minutes). The intervention is designed to increase regular physical activity, promote social interaction, and improve self-regulation through participation in an open-skill sport.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Structured Badminton Intervention | Experimental | Participants will participate in a structured badminton training program for 12 weeks, six sessions per week, with each session lasting approximately 120-150 minutes. Each training session consists of a warm-up, badminton skill practice and match play, followed by a cool-down period. Receives: Behavioral: 12-Week Structured Badminton Program |
| Control Group | No intervention | Participants will maintain their usual daily activities without participating in the structured badminton intervention during the study period. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Smartphone Addiction Level
Smartphone addiction will be assessed using the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV). The SAS-SV consists of 10 items rated on a six-point Likert scale, with total scores ranging from 10 to 60. Higher scores indicate greater smartphone addiction severity.
Measured: Baseline and Week 12
Secondary outcomes (1)
Participants' Experiences of Behavioral Change
Participants' experiences regarding changes in smartphone use, self-regulation, daily functioning, withdrawal symptoms, virtual social orientation, overuse, and tolerance will be explored through semi-structured interviews using inductive thematic analysis.
Measured: Week 12
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted1 Jul 2026
- Study start2 Jan 2023
- Primary completion3 Mar 2023
- Study completion3 Mar 2023
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Smartphone Addiction LevelStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 30 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, İlayda Nur ÖZELGÜL, Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07678398
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2022/11
- Status last verified
- Jun 2026
- First submitted
- 25 Jun 2026
- Last updated
- 1 Jul 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 1 Jul 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effects of a 12-Week Structured Badminton Intervention on Smartphone Addiction Among Adolescents: A Randomized Controlled Sequential Explanatory Mixed-Methods Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07678398
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 2022/11
- Conditions
- Smartphone Addiction Level
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 30 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 2 Jan 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 3 Mar 2023 (actual)
- Study completion
- 3 Mar 2023 (actual)
- First posted
- 1 Jul 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The global surge in smartphone addiction (SA) represents a critical biopsychosocial risk for adolescents. This study evaluated the efficacy of a 12-week structured badminton intervention in alleviating SA among high school students and explored the psychosocial mechanisms underlying behavioral change using a sequential explanatory mixed-methods design.
Thirty adolescents were randomized into experimental (n=15) and control groups (n=15). The experimental group participated in an "open-skill" badminton program (6 sessions/week, 120-150 min/session) for 12 weeks, while the control group maintained their routine lifestyle. Data were collected via the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV) and semi-structured interviews. Statistical analysis included paired/independent t-tests and ANCOVA, followed by inductive thematic analysis of qualitative data.
Quantitative findings revealed a highly significant reduction in SA levels within the experimental group (Mpre = 32.27 ± 10.25 vs. Mpost = 24.93 ± 7.13, p<.001), achieving a very large effect size (d= 1.84). No significant change was observed in the control group (p=.095). ANCOVA confirmed a robust intervention effect, F(1,27)= 52.04, p<.001, explaining 65.8% of the variance. Qualitative follow-up identified five core themes-life functionality, withdrawal, virtual social orientation, overuse, and tolerance-indicating that badminton served as a "temporal buffer" that enhanced self-regulation and real-world relatedness.
A 12-week structured badminton program is a potent non-pharmacological strategy for mitigating technological dependencies. This research provides an evidence-based framework for utilizing sport-specific interventions to foster adolescent psychological resilience. Furthermore, our findings emphasize that open-skill sports act as a socio-cognitive buffer, reclaiming adolescent attention from digital spaces and fostering a sustainable state of digital well-being.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Structured Badminton Intervention | Experimental | Behavioral: 12-Week Structured Badminton ProgramParticipants will participate in a structured badminton training program for 12 weeks, six sessions per week, with each session lasting approximately 120-150 minutes. Each training session consists of a warm-up, badminton skill practice and match play, followed by a cool-down period. |
| Control Group | No intervention | –Participants will maintain their usual daily activities without participating in the structured badminton intervention during the study period. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 14 to 18 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult
Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Adolescents aged 14-18 years.
- Enrollment in a secondary/high school institution.
Key exclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Presence of any musculoskeletal, neurological, cardiovascular, or medical condition that would prevent participation in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity.
- Current participation in a structured competitive sports training program.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| 12-Week Structured Badminton ProgramParticipants assigned to the intervention group will participate in a structured badminton training program for 12 consecutive weeks. The program consists of six supervised sessions per week, each lasting approximately 120-150 minutes. Each session includes a standardized warm-up (30 minutes), badminton technical training and match play (60-90 minutes), and a cool-down period (30 minutes). The intervention is designed to increase regular physical activity, promote social interaction, and improve self-regulation through participation in an open-skill sport. | Behavioural | Structured Badminton Intervention |
Primary outcome
Smartphone Addiction Level
Time frame: Baseline and Week 12
Smartphone addiction will be assessed using the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV). The SAS-SV consists of 10 items rated on a six-point Likert scale, with total scores ranging from 10 to 60. Higher scores indicate greater smartphone addiction severity.
1 secondary outcome
Participants' Experiences of Behavioral Change
Time frame: Week 12
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 1 Jul 2026.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing 12-Week Structured Badminton Program in people with Smartphone Addiction Level, run by Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 2 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 1 Jul 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Smartphone Addiction Level (time frame: Baseline and Week 12). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 1 Jul 2026.