Locomotor SkillNCT07683208
Effects of Physical Game Intervention on Memory, Attention, Gross Motor Skills and Social Adaptability in Children Aged 4-6 Years
A study testing Structured Physical Game Intervention Group in people with Locomotor Skill and Perceived Motor Competence, run by Shenzhen University at 1 site in China.
Trial summary
This study aims to improve the memory, attention, gross motor skills and social adaptation ability of children aged 5 to 6 years. Taking physical games as the intervention method, it explores the effects of physical games on promoting young children's memory, attention, gross motor skills and social adaptation… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 5 to 6 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Locomotor Skill, Perceived Motor Competence, Memory
- What is being tested?
- Structured Physical Game Intervention Group
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 42 participants
- Where
- 1 siteChina
- Study dates
- 8 Apr 2024to 10 Jul 2024
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 5 to 6 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child
Who may be able to join
- Preschool children aged 5 to 6 years old
- In good physical and mental condition, with normal cognitive ability, able to attend daily courses and communicate with others normally
- Have not received any extracurricular training targeted at memory, attention and locomotor skills in the past one year
- Written informed consent obtained from guardians, and children participate in this study voluntarily
Who cannot join
- Children with non-Chinese nationality or language barriers
- Children with congenital diseases who are not suitable for participating in extracurricular physical game activities
- Children who have received extracurricular training targeted at memory, attention and locomotor skills in the past one year
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
This study aims to improve the memory, attention, gross motor skills and social adaptation ability of children aged 5 to 6 years. Taking physical games as the intervention method, it explores the effects of physical games on promoting young children's memory, attention, gross motor skills and social adaptation ability, and analyzes the approaches and mechanisms through which physical games enhance these abilities among children aged 4 to 6 years. The game scheme will be timely adjusted according to feedback obtained from a semester-long intervention. Finally, in collaboration with kindergarten teachers and the research team, a set of classroom-based physical game programs suitable for children aged 4 to 6 will be developed, so as to provide theoretical references and practical approaches for the improvement of the above abilities in preschool children of this age group. Smart physical game equipment is adopted and integrated into children's daily physical game classes to record and store children's sports data, establish individual archives of children's motor abilities, and realize real-time uploading, analysis and sharing of sports test results, enabling parents and teachers to keep abreast of children's physical exercise and motor development status in a timely manner.
- Conditions
- Locomotor Skill, Perceived Motor Competence, Memory, Short-term Memory, Immediate Memory, Attention
- Being tested
- Structured Physical Game Intervention Group
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Structured Physical Game Intervention GroupBehavioural
Physical games focusing on improving preschool children's locomotor skills verified based on three-round Delphi method:W-Run; Pony Finding Friends; My Territory; Eagle Catching Chicks; Fruit Picking; The Wolf is Coming; Puppy Seeking Bones; Dizzy Spin.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Structured Physical Game Intervention Group | Experimental | Physical games focusing on improving preschool children's locomotor skills verified based on three-round Delphi method:W-Run; Pony Finding Friends; My Territory; Eagle Catching Chicks; Fruit Picking; The Wolf is Coming; Puppy Seeking Bones; Dizzy Spin. Receives: Behavioral: Structured Physical Game Intervention Group |
| Routine Kindergarten Outdoor Activity Control Group | No intervention | Kindergarten where this study was conducted, the regular curriculum follows a periodic activity schedule, including rhythmic gymnastics, skipping rope, circular training (physical large circulation), cycling, and ball sports. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Locomotor Skill
Children's locomotor skill is assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2). The raw score for the locomotor subscale ranges from 0 to 48. Higher scores represent better performance in children's locomotor motor skills. This indicator is used to explore the intervention effect of the 8-week structured physical game program on preschool children's locomotor development.
Measured: Baseline (before the 8-week intervention) and post-intervention (upon completion of the 8-week physical game intervention)
perceptual motor ability
Children's perceived motor competence is measured with the Perceived Competence Scale for Children (PSPC). The total score of the scale ranges from 1 to 4; higher scores indicate a higher level of children's perceived motor competence. This indicator is used to explore the intervention effect of the 8-week structured physical game program on preschool children's self-perceived motor ability.
Measured: Baseline (before the 8-week intervention) and post-intervention (upon completion of the 8-week physical game intervention)
memory
Preschool children's immediate memory and short-term memory are measured using the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised for China (WMS-RC) revised by Professor Gong Yaoxian. The outcome indicator is Memory Quotient (MQ), which ranges from 50 to 150; a score of 100 represents the average memory level, and higher scores indicate better memory performance. This indicator is used to evaluate the effect of the 8-week structured physical game intervention on children's memory ability.
Measured: Baseline (before the 8-week intervention) and post-intervention (upon completion of the 8-week structured physical game intervention)
attention
Preschool children's attention ability is assessed by the Schulte Grid Test. The test score ranges from 0 to 100; higher scores reflect better attention concentration and sustained attention performance. This indicator aims to evaluate the intervention effect of the 8-week structured physical game program on children's attention level.
Measured: Baseline (before the 8-week intervention) and post-intervention (upon completion of the 8-week structured physical game intervention)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted6 Jul 2026
- Study start8 Apr 2024
- Primary completion3 Jun 2024
- Study completion10 Jul 2024
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Locomotor SkillStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 42 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Shenzhen University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Jiabao Cui, Shenzhen University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07683208
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- PN-202400029
- Status last verified
- Jul 2026
- First submitted
- 27 Jun 2026
- Last updated
- 6 Jul 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: The individual participant data involves sensitive personal information of preschool children. Considering the strict protection of minors' privacy and the constraints of the approved ethical review protocol, the original individual-level data will not be shared externally to prevent the risk of information leakage.
Publications
1. COLOMBO J. The Critical Period Concept - Research, Methodology, and Theoretical Issues. PSYCHOL BULL. 1982; 91(2):260-275. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.91.2.260. 2. Logan SW, Robinson LE, Wilson AE, Lucas WA. Getting the Fundamentals of Movement: A Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness of Motor Skill Interventions in Children. CHILD CARE HLTH DEV. 2012; 38(3):305-315. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2214.2011.01307.x. 3. Barnett LM, Stodden D, Cohen KE, et al. Fundamental Movement Skills: An Important Focus. J TEACH PHYS EDUC. 2016; 35(3):219-225. https://doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.2014-0209. 4. Adams J, Veitch J, Barnett L. Physical Activity and Fundamental Motor Skill Performance of 5-10 Year Old Children in Three Different Playgrounds. INT J ENV RES PUB HE. 2018; 15(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15091896. 5. Guo HX, Schenkelberg MA, O'Neill JR, Dowda M, Pate RR. How Does the Relationship Between Motor Skill Performance and Body Mass Index Impact Physical Activity in Preschool Children? PEDIATR EXERC SCI. 2018; 30(2):266-272. https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.2017-0074. 6. Hardy LL, King L, Farrell L, Macniven R, Howlett S. Fundamental Movement Skills Among Australian Preschool Children. J SCI MED SPORT. 2010; 13(5):503-508. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2009.05.010. 7. Hume C, Okely A, Bagley S, Telford A, Booth M, Crawford D, Salmon J. Does Weight Status Influence Associations Between Children's Fundamental Movement Skills and Physical Activity? RES Q EXERCISE SPORT. 2008; 79(2):158-165. 8. Goodway JD, Rudisill ME. Perceived Physical Competence and Actual Motor Skill Competence of African American Preschool Children. ADAPT PHYS ACT Q. 1997; 14(4):314-326. https://doi.org/10.1123/apaq.14.4.314. 9. Stodden DF, Goodway JD, Langendorfer SJ, Roberton MA, Rudisill ME, Garcia C, Garcia LE. A Developmental Perspective On the Role of Motor Skill Competence in Physical Activity: An Emergent Relationship. QUEST. 2008; 60(2):290-306. https://doi.org/10.1080/00336297.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 6 Jul 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effects of Physical Game Intervention on Memory, Attention, Gross Motor Skills and Social Adaptability in Children Aged 4-6 Years
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07683208
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- PN-202400029
- Conditions
- Locomotor Skill, Perceived Motor Competence, Memory, Short-term Memory, Immediate Memory, Attention
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 42 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Shenzhen UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 8 Apr 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 3 Jun 2024 (actual)
- Study completion
- 10 Jul 2024 (actual)
- First posted
- 6 Jul 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study aims to improve the memory, attention, gross motor skills and social adaptation ability of children aged 5 to 6 years. Taking physical games as the intervention method, it explores the effects of physical games on promoting young children's memory, attention, gross motor skills and social adaptation ability, and analyzes the approaches and mechanisms through which physical games enhance these abilities among children aged 4 to 6 years. The game scheme will be timely adjusted according to feedback obtained from a semester-long intervention. Finally, in collaboration with kindergarten teachers and the research team, a set of classroom-based physical game programs suitable for children aged 4 to 6 will be developed, so as to provide theoretical references and practical approaches for the improvement of the above abilities in preschool children of this age group. Smart physical game equipment is adopted and integrated into children's daily physical game classes to record and store children's sports data, establish individual archives of children's motor abilities, and realize real-time uploading, analysis and sharing of sports test results, enabling parents and teachers to keep abreast of children's physical exercise and motor development status in a timely manner.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Structured Physical Game Intervention Group | Experimental | Behavioral: Structured Physical Game Intervention GroupPhysical games focusing on improving preschool children's locomotor skills verified based on three-round Delphi method:W-Run; Pony Finding Friends; My Territory; Eagle Catching Chicks; Fruit Picking; The Wolf is Coming; Puppy Seeking Bones; Dizzy Spin. |
| Routine Kindergarten Outdoor Activity Control Group | No intervention | –Kindergarten where this study was conducted, the regular curriculum follows a periodic activity schedule, including rhythmic gymnastics, skipping rope, circular training (physical large circulation), cycling, and ball sports. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 5 to 6 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Preschool children aged 5 to 6 years old
- In good physical and mental condition, with normal cognitive ability, able to attend daily courses and communicate with others normally
- Have not received any extracurricular training targeted at memory, attention and locomotor skills in the past one year
- Written informed consent obtained from guardians, and children participate in this study voluntarily
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Children with non-Chinese nationality or language barriers
- Children with congenital diseases who are not suitable for participating in extracurricular physical game activities
- Children who have received extracurricular training targeted at memory, attention and locomotor skills in the past one year
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Structured Physical Game Intervention GroupPhysical games focusing on improving preschool children's locomotor skills verified based on three-round Delphi method:W-Run; Pony Finding Friends; My Territory; Eagle Catching Chicks; Fruit Picking; The Wolf is Coming; Puppy Seeking Bones; Dizzy Spin. | Behavioural | Structured Physical Game Intervention Group |
Primary outcome
Locomotor Skill
Time frame: Baseline (before the 8-week intervention) and post-intervention (upon completion of the 8-week physical game intervention)
Children's locomotor skill is assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2). The raw score for the locomotor subscale ranges from 0 to 48. Higher scores represent better performance in children's locomotor motor skills. This indicator is used to explore the intervention effect of the 8-week structured physical game program on preschool children's locomotor development.
perceptual motor ability
Time frame: Baseline (before the 8-week intervention) and post-intervention (upon completion of the 8-week physical game intervention)
Children's perceived motor competence is measured with the Perceived Competence Scale for Children (PSPC). The total score of the scale ranges from 1 to 4; higher scores indicate a higher level of children's perceived motor competence. This indicator is used to explore the intervention effect of the 8-week structured physical game program on preschool children's self-perceived motor ability.
memory
Time frame: Baseline (before the 8-week intervention) and post-intervention (upon completion of the 8-week structured physical game intervention)
Preschool children's immediate memory and short-term memory are measured using the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised for China (WMS-RC) revised by Professor Gong Yaoxian. The outcome indicator is Memory Quotient (MQ), which ranges from 50 to 150; a score of 100 represents the average memory level, and higher scores indicate better memory performance. This indicator is used to evaluate the effect of the 8-week structured physical game intervention on children's memory ability.
attention
Time frame: Baseline (before the 8-week intervention) and post-intervention (upon completion of the 8-week structured physical game intervention)
Preschool children's attention ability is assessed by the Schulte Grid Test. The test score ranges from 0 to 100; higher scores reflect better attention concentration and sustained attention performance. This indicator aims to evaluate the intervention effect of the 8-week structured physical game program on children's attention level.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 6 Jul 2026.
- Results publication1. COLOMBO J. The Critical Period Concept - Research, Methodology, and Theoretical Issues. PSYCHOL BULL. 1982; 91(2):260-275. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.91.2.260. 2. Logan SW, Robinson LE, Wilson AE, Lucas WA. Getting the Fundamentals of Movement: A Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness of Motor Skill Interventions in Children. CHILD CARE HLTH DEV. 2012; 38(3):305-315. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2214.2011.01307.x. 3. Barnett LM, Stodden D, Cohen KE, et al. Fundamental Movement Skills: An Important Focus. J TEACH PHYS EDUC. 2016; 35(3):219-225. https://doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.2014-0209. 4. Adams J, Veitch J, Barnett L. Physical Activity and Fundamental Motor Skill Performance of 5-10 Year Old Children in Three Different Playgrounds. INT J ENV RES PUB HE. 2018; 15(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15091896. 5. Guo HX, Schenkelberg MA, O'Neill JR, Dowda M, Pate RR. How Does the Relationship Between Motor Skill Performance and Body Mass Index Impact Physical Activity in Preschool Children? PEDIATR EXERC SCI. 2018; 30(2):266-272. https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.2017-0074. 6. Hardy LL, King L, Farrell L, Macniven R, Howlett S. Fundamental Movement Skills Among Australian Preschool Children. J SCI MED SPORT. 2010; 13(5):503-508. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2009.05.010. 7. Hume C, Okely A, Bagley S, Telford A, Booth M, Crawford D, Salmon J. Does Weight Status Influence Associations Between Children's Fundamental Movement Skills and Physical Activity? RES Q EXERCISE SPORT. 2008; 79(2):158-165. 8. Goodway JD, Rudisill ME. Perceived Physical Competence and Actual Motor Skill Competence of African American Preschool Children. ADAPT PHYS ACT Q. 1997; 14(4):314-326. https://doi.org/10.1123/apaq.14.4.314. 9. Stodden DF, Goodway JD, Langendorfer SJ, Roberton MA, Rudisill ME, Garcia C, Garcia LE. A Developmental Perspective On the Role of Motor Skill Competence in Physical Activity: An Emergent Relationship. QUEST. 2008; 60(2):290-306. https://doi.org/10.1080/00336297.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. The individual participant data involves sensitive personal information of preschool children. Considering the strict protection of minors' privacy and the constraints of the approved ethical review protocol, the original individual-level data will not be shared externally to prevent the risk of information leakage.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Structured Physical Game Intervention Group in people with Locomotor Skill and Perceived Motor Competence, run by Shenzhen University at 1 site in China.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 6 Jul 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in China. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Locomotor Skill (time frame: Baseline (before the 8-week intervention) and post-intervention (upon completion of the 8-week physical game intervention)). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07683208, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 6 Jul 2026.