Pain, PostoperativePhase 2NCT07689162
Liposomal Bupivacaine vs Standard Bupivacaine for Post-Rhinoplasty Analgesia
A Phase 2 study testing Standard Bupivacaine and Liposomal Bupivacaine in people with Pain, Postoperative, run by Washington University School of Medicine at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
The purpose of this study is to find out which pain medication is more effective in reducing pain after nose surgery (rhinoplasty). The investigators are looking to find the best treatment to reduce discomfort and improve the healing process for patients having nose surgery. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Pain, Postoperative
- What is being tested?
- Standard Bupivacaine and Liposomal Bupivacaine
- Type of treatment
- Injection or infusion
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 45 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 1 Aug 2026to Jul 2027
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Adult patients (≥18 years) undergoing open rhinoplasty of any indication or complexity (e.g., primary, revision, functional, or cosmetic), including autologous grafting of any type (e.g., septal or costal cartilage) or cadaveric grafting.
Who cannot join
- Chronic pain condition requiring ongoing or scheduled analgesic therapy, or any diagnosis associated with chronic pain (e.g., fibromyalgia, chronic headache/migraine, neuropathic pain, complex regional pain syndrome), long-term opioid use (≥3 months, any agent), allergy or contraindication to local anesthetics, acetaminophen, ibuprofen / NSAIDs, tramadol, ketamine, Medrol (methylprednisolone) dose pack
- Concurrent non-nasal surgery planned
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
United States1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Washington University
St Louis, Missouri, 63110
Sara Kukuljan, BS, RN, 314-362-7563, kukuljas@wustl.edu
About this study
Official title: Liposomal Bupivacaine vs Standard Bupivacaine for Post-Rhinoplasty Analgesia: A Randomized Clinical Trial
The purpose of this study is to find out which pain medication is more effective in reducing pain after nose surgery (rhinoplasty). The investigators are looking to find the best treatment to reduce discomfort and improve the healing process for patients having nose surgery.
Read the detailed description
The investigators are comparing two types of pain relief medications: Liposomal Bupivacaine and Standard Bupivacaine.
Participants who are undergoing rhinoplasty will be randomly assigned to receive either Liposomal Bupivacaine or Standard Bupivacaine during their surgery.
Both medications are given as nerve blocks, which means they are injected near nerves to block pain signals. After the surgery, participants will be asked to rate their pain levels over several days.
The investigators will also monitor any side effects and how quickly participants recover from the surgery.
- Conditions
- Pain, Postoperative
- Being tested
- Standard Bupivacaine, Liposomal Bupivacaine
- Keywords
- Otolaryngology, Rhinoplasty, Bupivacaine, Liposomal Bupivacaine
- Medical subject headings
- Pain, Postoperative
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Standard BupivacaineDrug
Also called Marcaine
Volume: 4 mL of 0.75% bupivacaine hydrochloride
Liposomal BupivacaineDrug
Also called Exparel
Volume: 1.5 mL of 0.75% bupivacaine hydrochloride and 2.5 mL of liposomal bupivacaine
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Liposomal Bupivacaine | Experimental | Participants randomized to the experimental arm will receive bilateral supraorbital and infraorbital nerve blocks using liposomal bupivacaine at the end of surgery. Receives: Drug: Liposomal Bupivacaine |
| Standard Bupivacaine | Active comparator | The control arm will receive standard bupivacaine nerve blocks using the same injection sites and volumes appropriate for safe regional anesthesia Receives: Drug: Standard Bupivacaine |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Cumulative opioid consumption
Cumulative opioid consumption in the first 72 post-operative hours expressed in morphine milligram equivalents (MME).
Measured: First 72 hours postoperatively
Secondary outcomes (11)
Modified Brief Pain Inventory - Pain Outcomes
Patient-reported pain intensity and pain interference measured using the Modified Brief Pain Inventory (mBPI). Pain intensity is assessed with 3 items (average, current, and worst pain over the last 24 hours) and pain interference with 3 items (general activity, mood, and sleep). Each item is rated on a 0 to 10 numeric rating scale (0 = no pain / does not interfere; 10 = worst pain imaginable / completely interferes). Higher scores indicate a worse outcome.
Measured: Postoperative day 0 through postoperative day 7
Modified Brief Pain Inventory - Pain relief from analgesic medication
Patient-reported relief from pain medication, measured using the corresponding item of the Modified Brief Pain Inventory (mBPI). The item is rated on a 0 to 10 numeric rating scale (0 = no relief; 10 = complete relief). Higher scores indicate a better outcome (greater pain relief).
Measured: Postoperative day 0 through postoperative day 7
Nausea
Incidence of nausea, an opioid-related symptom, defined as the percentage of participants reporting any nausea on daily postoperative self-report surveys. Nausea is captured on a 0 to 10 rating and dichotomized as present (score ≥ 1) or absent (score 0) for this outcome. Reported as the percentage of participants (0% to 100%); a higher percentage indicates a worse outcome.
Measured: Postoperative day 0 through postoperative day 7
Vomiting
Incidence of vomiting, an opioid-related symptom assessed via daily postoperative patient self-report surveys.
Measured: Postoperative day 0 through postoperative day 7
Constipation
Incidence of constipation, an opioid-related symptom assessed via daily postoperative patient self-report surveys.
Measured: Postoperative day 0 through postoperative day 7
Rash
Incidence of rash, an opioid-related symptom assessed via daily postoperative patient self-report surveys.
Measured: Postoperative day 0 through postoperative day 7
Adherence to ERAS Multimodal Analgesic Regimen
Patient adherence to the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) multimodal analgesic regimen, assessed using daily postoperative surveys, calculated as total number of pills taken / total number of pills prescribed x 100, with adherence defined as ≥80%.
Measured: Postoperative day 0 through postoperative day 7
Block site safety
Proportion of participants with ≥1 new-onset injection-site or sensory adverse event, assessed by a 10-item binary patient-reported questionnaire at the supraorbital and infraorbital block sites. New-onset defined as negative at baseline and positive at follow-up.
Measured: Preoperative baseline and one month postoperatively
Adverse Events
Capturing any adverse events classified according to prespecified criteria described in the protocol.
Measured: Postoperative day 0 through one month postoperatively
Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcomes Survey - Obstruction
Patient-reported nasal obstruction measured using the obstruction domain of the Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcomes Survey (SCHNOS-O). The obstruction domain score is normalized to a 0 to 100 scale, where higher scores indicate a worse outcome (greater nasal obstruction). Scores obtained preoperatively and at one month postoperatively will be compared to assess short-term postoperative changes.
Measured: Preoperative baseline and one month postoperatively
Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcomes Survey - Cosmesis
Patient-reported cosmesis measured using the cosmesis domain of the Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcomes Survey (SCHNOS-C). The cosmesis domain score is normalized to a 0 to 100 scale, where higher scores indicate a worse outcome (greater dissatisfaction with nasal appearance). Scores obtained preoperatively and at one month postoperatively will be compared to assess short-term postoperative changes.
Measured: Preoperative baseline and one month postoperatively
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted8 Jul 2026
- Study start1 Aug 2026
- Primary completionJun 2027 (estimated)
- Study completionJul 2027 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (24)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Pain, PostoperativeStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Washington University School of MedicineThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- This study is a single-site, prospective, randomized, single-blinded clinical trial
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 45 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Washington University School of Medicine
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Matthew Wu, MD, Principal investigator, Washington University School of Medicine
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07689162
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 202601024
- Status last verified
- Aug 2026
- First submitted
- 30 Jun 2026
- Last updated
- 18 Aug 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- Yes
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Justicz N, Gadkaree SK, Yamasaki A, Lindsay RW. Defining Typical Acetaminophen and Narcotic Usage in the Postoperative Rhinoplasty Patient. Laryngoscope. 2021 Jan;131(1):48-53. doi: 10.1002/lary.28531. Epub 2020 Feb 7.
PubMed 32031696Sclafani AP, Kim M, Kjaer K, Kacker A, Tabaee A. Postoperative pain and analgesic requirements after septoplasty and rhinoplasty. Laryngoscope. 2019 Sep;129(9):2020-2025. doi: 10.1002/lary.27913. Epub 2019 Mar 7.
PubMed 30843623Ilfeld BM, Viscusi ER, Hadzic A, Minkowitz HS, Morren MD, Lookabaugh J, Joshi GP. Safety and Side Effect Profile of Liposome Bupivacaine (Exparel) in Peripheral Nerve Blocks. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2015 Sep-Oct;40(5):572-82. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0000000000000283.
PubMed 26204387Alameddine KO, Richards BA, Vyas K, Chaudhry A, Millesi E, Hamilton GS, Bite U. Evaluating the Efficacy of Liposomal Bupivacaine in Postoperative Pain Management for Rhinoplasty: A Retrospective Study. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2024 May;48(9):1722-1727. doi: 10.1007/s00266-023-03656-w. Epub 2023 Sep 29.
PubMed 37775576Ye Q, Asherman J, Stevenson M, Brownson E, Katre NV. DepoFoam technology: a vehicle for controlled delivery of protein and peptide drugs. J Control Release. 2000 Feb 14;64(1-3):155-66. doi: 10.1016/s0168-3659(99)00146-7.
PubMed 10640654Richard BM, Rickert DE, Newton PE, Ott LR, Haan D, Brubaker AN, Cole PI, Ross PE, Rebelatto MC, Nelson KG. Safety Evaluation of EXPAREL (DepoFoam Bupivacaine) Administered by Repeated Subcutaneous Injection in Rabbits and Dogs: Species Comparison. J Drug Deliv. 2011;2011:467429. doi: 10.1155/2011/467429. Epub 2011 Oct 5.
PubMed 22013534McAlvin JB, Padera RF, Shankarappa SA, Reznor G, Kwon AH, Chiang HH, Yang J, Kohane DS. Multivesicular liposomal bupivacaine at the sciatic nerve. Biomaterials. 2014 May;35(15):4557-64. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.02.015. Epub 2014 Mar 6.
PubMed 24612918Teunkens A, Vermeulen K, Van Gerven E, Fieuws S, Van de Velde M, Rex S. Comparison of 2-Chloroprocaine, Bupivacaine, and Lidocaine for Spinal Anesthesia in Patients Undergoing Knee Arthroscopy in an Outpatient Setting: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2016 Sep-Oct;41(5):576-83. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0000000000000420.
PubMed 27281722Marchand GJ, Masoud AT, Ware K, King A, Ruther S, Brazil G, Cieminski K, Calteux N, Coriell C, Ulibarri H, Parise J, Arroyo A, Chen YC, Pierson M, Rafie R, Sainz K. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Intraoperative Bupivacaine in Gynaecologic Surgery After 24 Hours or 9 Half-Lives. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2021 Nov;43(11):1279-1287. doi: 10.1016/j.jogc.2021.06.010. Epub 2021 Jul 19.
PubMed 34293514Safa B, Flynn B, McHardy PG, Kiss A, Haslam L, Henry PD, Kaustov L, Choi S. Comparison of the Analgesic Duration of 0.5% Bupivacaine With 1:200,000 Epinephrine Versus 0.5% Ropivacaine Versus 1% Ropivacaine for Low-Volume Ultrasound-Guided Interscalene Brachial Plexus Block: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Anesth Analg. 2021 Apr 1;132(4):1129-1137. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000005373.
PubMed 33464760The Efficacy of Liposomal Bupivacaine in the Management of Post-operative Pain Following Septorhinoplasty: a Single-blinded, Prospective Clinical Trial. National Library of Medicine (US). https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05964868
Dasta J, Ramamoorthy S, Patou G, Sinatra R. Bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension compared with bupivacaine HCl for the reduction of opioid burden in the postsurgical setting. Curr Med Res Opin. 2012 Oct;28(10):1609-15. doi: 10.1185/03007995.2012.721760. Epub 2012 Sep 3.
PubMed 22900785FDA. EXPAREL- bupivacaine injection, suspension, liposomal. FDA2024
FDA. MARCAINE - bupivacaine hydrochloride injection, solution. 2012.
Rosenberg PH, Veering BT, Urmey WF. Maximum recommended doses of local anesthetics: a multifactorial concept. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2004 Nov-Dec;29(6):564-75; discussion 524. doi: 10.1016/j.rapm.2004.08.003.
PubMed 15635516
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 18 Aug 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Liposomal Bupivacaine vs Standard Bupivacaine for Post-Rhinoplasty Analgesia: A Randomized Clinical Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07689162
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 202601024
- Conditions
- Pain, Postoperative
- Keywords
- Otolaryngology, Rhinoplasty, Bupivacaine, Liposomal Bupivacaine
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 45 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Washington University School of MedicineUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Aug 2026 (actual)
- Primary completion
- Jun 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion
- Jul 2027 (estimated)
- First posted
- 8 Jul 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The purpose of this study is to find out which pain medication is more effective in reducing pain after nose surgery (rhinoplasty). The investigators are looking to find the best treatment to reduce discomfort and improve the healing process for patients having nose surgery.
Detailed description
The investigators are comparing two types of pain relief medications: Liposomal Bupivacaine and Standard Bupivacaine.
Participants who are undergoing rhinoplasty will be randomly assigned to receive either Liposomal Bupivacaine or Standard Bupivacaine during their surgery.
Both medications are given as nerve blocks, which means they are injected near nerves to block pain signals. After the surgery, participants will be asked to rate their pain levels over several days.
The investigators will also monitor any side effects and how quickly participants recover from the surgery.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- This study is a single-site, prospective, randomized, single-blinded clinical trial
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Liposomal Bupivacaine | Experimental | Drug: Liposomal BupivacaineParticipants randomized to the experimental arm will receive bilateral supraorbital and infraorbital nerve blocks using liposomal bupivacaine at the end of surgery. |
| Standard Bupivacaine | Active comparator | Drug: Standard BupivacaineThe control arm will receive standard bupivacaine nerve blocks using the same injection sites and volumes appropriate for safe regional anesthesia |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Adult patients (≥18 years) undergoing open rhinoplasty of any indication or complexity (e.g., primary, revision, functional, or cosmetic), including autologous grafting of any type (e.g., septal or costal cartilage) or cadaveric grafting.
Key exclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Chronic pain condition requiring ongoing or scheduled analgesic therapy, or any diagnosis associated with chronic pain (e.g., fibromyalgia, chronic headache/migraine, neuropathic pain, complex regional pain syndrome), long-term opioid use (≥3 months, any agent), allergy or contraindication to local anesthetics, acetaminophen, ibuprofen / NSAIDs, tramadol, ketamine, Medrol (methylprednisolone) dose pack
- Concurrent non-nasal surgery planned
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Standard BupivacaineAlso: MarcaineVolume: 4 mL of 0.75% bupivacaine hydrochloride | Drug | Standard Bupivacaine |
| Liposomal BupivacaineAlso: ExparelVolume: 1.5 mL of 0.75% bupivacaine hydrochloride and 2.5 mL of liposomal bupivacaine | Drug | Liposomal Bupivacaine |
Primary outcome
Cumulative opioid consumption
Time frame: First 72 hours postoperatively
Cumulative opioid consumption in the first 72 post-operative hours expressed in morphine milligram equivalents (MME).
11 secondary outcomes
Modified Brief Pain Inventory - Pain Outcomes
Time frame: Postoperative day 0 through postoperative day 7
Modified Brief Pain Inventory - Pain relief from analgesic medication
Time frame: Postoperative day 0 through postoperative day 7
Nausea
Time frame: Postoperative day 0 through postoperative day 7
Vomiting
Time frame: Postoperative day 0 through postoperative day 7
Constipation
Time frame: Postoperative day 0 through postoperative day 7
Rash
Time frame: Postoperative day 0 through postoperative day 7
Adherence to ERAS Multimodal Analgesic Regimen
Time frame: Postoperative day 0 through postoperative day 7
Block site safety
Time frame: Preoperative baseline and one month postoperatively
Adverse Events
Time frame: Postoperative day 0 through one month postoperatively
Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcomes Survey - Obstruction
Time frame: Preoperative baseline and one month postoperatively
Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcomes Survey - Cosmesis
Time frame: Preoperative baseline and one month postoperatively
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 18 Aug 2026.
- Background: PubMed 32031696Justicz N, Gadkaree SK, Yamasaki A, Lindsay RW. Defining Typical Acetaminophen and Narcotic Usage in the Postoperative Rhinoplasty Patient. Laryngoscope. 2021 Jan;131(1):48-53. doi: 10.1002/lary.28531. Epub 2020 Feb 7.
- Background: PubMed 30843623Sclafani AP, Kim M, Kjaer K, Kacker A, Tabaee A. Postoperative pain and analgesic requirements after septoplasty and rhinoplasty. Laryngoscope. 2019 Sep;129(9):2020-2025. doi: 10.1002/lary.27913. Epub 2019 Mar 7.
- Background: PubMed 26204387Ilfeld BM, Viscusi ER, Hadzic A, Minkowitz HS, Morren MD, Lookabaugh J, Joshi GP. Safety and Side Effect Profile of Liposome Bupivacaine (Exparel) in Peripheral Nerve Blocks. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2015 Sep-Oct;40(5):572-82. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0000000000000283.
- Background: PubMed 37775576Alameddine KO, Richards BA, Vyas K, Chaudhry A, Millesi E, Hamilton GS, Bite U. Evaluating the Efficacy of Liposomal Bupivacaine in Postoperative Pain Management for Rhinoplasty: A Retrospective Study. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2024 May;48(9):1722-1727. doi: 10.1007/s00266-023-03656-w. Epub 2023 Sep 29.
- Background: PubMed 10640654Ye Q, Asherman J, Stevenson M, Brownson E, Katre NV. DepoFoam technology: a vehicle for controlled delivery of protein and peptide drugs. J Control Release. 2000 Feb 14;64(1-3):155-66. doi: 10.1016/s0168-3659(99)00146-7.
- Background: PubMed 22013534Richard BM, Rickert DE, Newton PE, Ott LR, Haan D, Brubaker AN, Cole PI, Ross PE, Rebelatto MC, Nelson KG. Safety Evaluation of EXPAREL (DepoFoam Bupivacaine) Administered by Repeated Subcutaneous Injection in Rabbits and Dogs: Species Comparison. J Drug Deliv. 2011;2011:467429. doi: 10.1155/2011/467429. Epub 2011 Oct 5.
- Background: PubMed 24612918McAlvin JB, Padera RF, Shankarappa SA, Reznor G, Kwon AH, Chiang HH, Yang J, Kohane DS. Multivesicular liposomal bupivacaine at the sciatic nerve. Biomaterials. 2014 May;35(15):4557-64. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.02.015. Epub 2014 Mar 6.
- Background: PubMed 27281722Teunkens A, Vermeulen K, Van Gerven E, Fieuws S, Van de Velde M, Rex S. Comparison of 2-Chloroprocaine, Bupivacaine, and Lidocaine for Spinal Anesthesia in Patients Undergoing Knee Arthroscopy in an Outpatient Setting: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2016 Sep-Oct;41(5):576-83. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0000000000000420.
- Background: PubMed 34293514Marchand GJ, Masoud AT, Ware K, King A, Ruther S, Brazil G, Cieminski K, Calteux N, Coriell C, Ulibarri H, Parise J, Arroyo A, Chen YC, Pierson M, Rafie R, Sainz K. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Intraoperative Bupivacaine in Gynaecologic Surgery After 24 Hours or 9 Half-Lives. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2021 Nov;43(11):1279-1287. doi: 10.1016/j.jogc.2021.06.010. Epub 2021 Jul 19.
- Background: PubMed 33464760Safa B, Flynn B, McHardy PG, Kiss A, Haslam L, Henry PD, Kaustov L, Choi S. Comparison of the Analgesic Duration of 0.5% Bupivacaine With 1:200,000 Epinephrine Versus 0.5% Ropivacaine Versus 1% Ropivacaine for Low-Volume Ultrasound-Guided Interscalene Brachial Plexus Block: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Anesth Analg. 2021 Apr 1;132(4):1129-1137. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000005373.
- BackgroundThe Efficacy of Liposomal Bupivacaine in the Management of Post-operative Pain Following Septorhinoplasty: a Single-blinded, Prospective Clinical Trial. National Library of Medicine (US). https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05964868
- Background: PubMed 22900785Dasta J, Ramamoorthy S, Patou G, Sinatra R. Bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension compared with bupivacaine HCl for the reduction of opioid burden in the postsurgical setting. Curr Med Res Opin. 2012 Oct;28(10):1609-15. doi: 10.1185/03007995.2012.721760. Epub 2012 Sep 3.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Matthew Wu, MD principal investigator
Washington University School of Medicine
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 2 study testing Standard Bupivacaine and Liposomal Bupivacaine in people with Pain, Postoperative, run by Washington University School of Medicine at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 2 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 18 Aug 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Matthew Wu, MD (314-362-0524, mjwu@wustl.edu), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Cumulative opioid consumption (time frame: First 72 hours postoperatively). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07689162, which also lists 24 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 18 Aug 2026.