Athletic PerformanceNCT07691229
Virtual Reality Training on Technical Skills, Training Load and Mental Fatigue in Football
A study testing Rezzil Index VR and Regular Team Training in people with Athletic Performance and Mental Fatigue, run by Manisa Celal Bayar University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
Virtual reality (VR) technology has emerged as a promising supplementary training tool in football, yet no study has simultaneously examined its effects on technical skills, training load, and mental fatigue within a randomized controlled design. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older, men onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Athletic Performance, Mental Fatigue
- What is being tested?
- Rezzil Index VR and Regular Team Training
- Type of treatment
- Medical device, Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 24 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 1 Dec 2022to 1 Mar 2023
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- Men only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Licensed male football players aged 18 years or older
- Active participation in regular team training
- No history of serious musculoskeletal injury in the past 6 months
Who cannot join
- History of serious injury or surgical intervention
- Psychiatric or neurological conditions
- Regular use of medication affecting cognitive performance
- Prior experience with VR training systems
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Manisa Celal Bayar University, Faculty of Sport Sciences
Manisa
About this study
Official title: The Effect of Virtual Reality Training on Technical Skills, Training Load and Mental Fatigue in Football Players
Virtual reality (VR) technology has emerged as a promising supplementary training tool in football, yet no study has simultaneously examined its effects on technical skills, training load, and mental fatigue within a randomized controlled design. This study evaluated the effects of an 8-week Rezzil Index® VR training program on football-specific technical skills, training load (sRPE), and mental fatigue in licensed male football players. Twenty-four male football players (age: 18.82±0.85 years) were randomly assigned to a VR training group (n=12) or a control group (n=12). The VR group completed two supplementary sessions per week using the Rezzil Index® application (HTC Vive Pro and Oculus Quest 2) in addition to regular team training. Football-specific technical skills, mental fatigue (Modified Color-Word Stroop Test), and training load (session RPE) were assessed pre- and post-intervention. The VR group demonstrated statistically significant improvements in all technical skill measures (p<0.05; d=0.91-1.69, large effects). Rezzil Index® VR training is an effective complementary method for improving football-specific technical skills.
- Conditions
- Athletic Performance, Mental Fatigue
- Being tested
- Rezzil Index VR, Regular Team Training
- Keywords
- virtual reality, football, technical skills, training load, mental fatigue
- Medical subject headings
- Mental Fatigue
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Rezzil Index VRDevice
Immersive VR football training application (HTC Vive Pro and Oculus Quest 2), 2 sessions/week, 8 weeks
Regular Team TrainingBehavioural
Participants continued their standard club football training sessions as normal, with no additional VR-based or experimental intervention applied.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| VR Training Group | Experimental | Participants completed Rezzil Index VR training twice weekly for 8 weeks in addition to regular team training. Receives: Device: Rezzil Index VR |
| Control Group | Active comparator | Participants continued regular team training only. Receives: Behavioral: Regular Team Training |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Football-Specific Technical Skills (Heading, Moving Ball Striking, Fixed Ball Striking, Loughborough Soccer Passing Test)
Measured: Baseline and Week 8
Secondary outcomes (2)
Training Load (Session Rating of Perceived Exertion - sRPE)
Internal training load quantified using session Rating of Perceived Exertion (sRPE), calculated as RPE × session duration (minutes).
Measured: Weekly, 8 weeks
Mental Fatigue (Modified Color-Word Stroop Test)
Mental fatigue assessed using the Modified Color-Word Stroop Test, measuring reaction time (ms) and error rate. Longer reaction times and higher error rates indicate greater mental fatigue.
Measured: Baseline and Week 8
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted8 Jul 2026
- Study start1 Dec 2022
- Primary completion1 Mar 2023
- Study completion1 Mar 2023
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Athletic PerformanceStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 24 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Manisa Celal Bayar University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, emre Gurbuz, Manisa Celal Bayar University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07691229
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 20.478.486/1607
- Status last verified
- Jul 2026
- First submitted
- 29 Jun 2026
- Last updated
- 8 Jul 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 8 Jul 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effect of Virtual Reality Training on Technical Skills, Training Load and Mental Fatigue in Football Players
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07691229
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 20.478.486/1607
- Conditions
- Athletic Performance, Mental Fatigue
- Keywords
- virtual reality, football, technical skills, training load, mental fatigue
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 24 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Manisa Celal Bayar UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Dec 2022 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Mar 2023 (actual)
- Study completion
- 1 Mar 2023 (actual)
- First posted
- 8 Jul 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Virtual reality (VR) technology has emerged as a promising supplementary training tool in football, yet no study has simultaneously examined its effects on technical skills, training load, and mental fatigue within a randomized controlled design. This study evaluated the effects of an 8-week Rezzil Index® VR training program on football-specific technical skills, training load (sRPE), and mental fatigue in licensed male football players. Twenty-four male football players (age: 18.82±0.85 years) were randomly assigned to a VR training group (n=12) or a control group (n=12). The VR group completed two supplementary sessions per week using the Rezzil Index® application (HTC Vive Pro and Oculus Quest 2) in addition to regular team training. Football-specific technical skills, mental fatigue (Modified Color-Word Stroop Test), and training load (session RPE) were assessed pre- and post-intervention. The VR group demonstrated statistically significant improvements in all technical skill measures (p<0.05; d=0.91-1.69, large effects). Rezzil Index® VR training is an effective complementary method for improving football-specific technical skills.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| VR Training Group | Experimental | Device: Rezzil Index VRParticipants completed Rezzil Index VR training twice weekly for 8 weeks in addition to regular team training. |
| Control Group | Active comparator | Behavioral: Regular Team TrainingParticipants continued regular team training only. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- Male only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Licensed male football players aged 18 years or older
- Active participation in regular team training
- No history of serious musculoskeletal injury in the past 6 months
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- History of serious injury or surgical intervention
- Psychiatric or neurological conditions
- Regular use of medication affecting cognitive performance
- Prior experience with VR training systems
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Rezzil Index VRImmersive VR football training application (HTC Vive Pro and Oculus Quest 2), 2 sessions/week, 8 weeks | Device | VR Training Group |
| Regular Team TrainingParticipants continued their standard club football training sessions as normal, with no additional VR-based or experimental intervention applied. | Behavioural | Control Group |
Primary outcome
Football-Specific Technical Skills (Heading, Moving Ball Striking, Fixed Ball Striking, Loughborough Soccer Passing Test)
Time frame: Baseline and Week 8
2 secondary outcomes
Training Load (Session Rating of Perceived Exertion - sRPE)
Time frame: Weekly, 8 weeks
Mental Fatigue (Modified Color-Word Stroop Test)
Time frame: Baseline and Week 8
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 8 Jul 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Rezzil Index VR and Regular Team Training in people with Athletic Performance and Mental Fatigue, run by Manisa Celal Bayar University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 8 Jul 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Football-Specific Technical Skills (Heading, Moving Ball Striking, Fixed Ball Striking, Loughborough Soccer Passing Test) (time frame: Baseline and Week 8). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 8 Jul 2026.