Posterior Mandibular Partial EdentulismNCT07694388
Early Loading of UV-Functionalized Dental Implants
A study testing Ultraviolet Photofunctionalization and Conventional Implant Placement in people with Posterior Mandibular Partial Edentulism, run by Damascus University at 1 site in Syria.
Trial summary
This randomized controlled triple-blind split-mouth clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of early loading on ultraviolet photofunctionalized dental implants placed in the posterior mandible. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Posterior Mandibular Partial Edentulism
- What is being tested?
- Ultraviolet Photofunctionalization and Conventional Implant Placement
- Type of treatment
- Surgery or procedure
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 10 participants
- Where
- 1 siteSyria
- Study dates
- 11 Dec 2022to 8 Mar 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Willingness to participate in the study and provision of written informed consent, with commitment to follow-up visits and study instructions.
- Good oral hygiene and satisfactory oral health status.
- Adults aged 18 years or older.
- Good general health with no systemic conditions contraindicating dental implant placement.
- Requirement for dental implant placement in the posterior mandible, with at least 6 months elapsed since tooth extraction.
- Adequate bone volume to allow implant placement without the need for bone grafting procedures.
Who cannot join
- Patients with parafunctional habits, including bruxism.
- Heavy smokers consuming more than 10 cigarettes per day.
- Patients receiving radiotherapy or chemotherapy.
- Long-term use of medications known to affect bone metabolism, such as corticosteroids.
- Pregnant or breastfeeding women.
- Insufficient interocclusal space for prosthetic rehabilitation.
- Patients with metabolic or bone disorders affecting bone quality or density, including hyperparathyroidism and osteoporosis.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Syria1 site
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Faculty of Dentistry Damascus University Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
Damascus
About this study
Official title: Effect of Early Loading on Ultraviolet Photofunctionalized Dental Implants: A Randomized Controlled Triple-Blind Split-Mouth Clinical Trial
This randomized controlled triple-blind split-mouth clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of early loading on ultraviolet photofunctionalized dental implants placed in the posterior mandible. Ten patients received a total of 20 implants, with each participant receiving one ultraviolet photofunctionalized implant and one non-photofunctionalized control implant. Ultraviolet photofunctionalization was performed 24 hours before implant placement by an independent investigator. All implants were early loaded 4 weeks after surgery. Implant stability was assessed using Resonance Frequency Analysis (RFA) and expressed as Implant Stability Quotient (ISQ) values at implant placement, 3 weeks, and 4 weeks after surgery. Peri-implant marginal bone loss was evaluated radiographically during a one-year follow-up period. The study compared implant stability and radiographic outcomes between ultraviolet photofunctionalized and conventional implants under early loading conditions.
Read the detailed description
Dental implants have become a predictable and widely accepted treatment modality for the rehabilitation of partially and completely edentulous patients.
Successful implant therapy depends largely on achieving and maintaining osseointegration between the implant surface and the surrounding bone. Traditionally, implants were left unloaded for several months to allow sufficient healing and osseointegration before functional loading. However, the growing demand for shorter treatment times has encouraged the development of early loading protocols. Early loading of dental implants offers several clinical advantages, including reduced treatment duration, earlier restoration of function and esthetics, and improved patient satisfaction. Nevertheless, successful early loading requires adequate implant stability during the critical healing period. Consequently, considerable research has focused on improving implant surface characteristics to accelerate osseointegration and enhance implant stability. Ultraviolet (UV) photofunctionalization is a surface modification technique that involves exposing titanium implants to ultraviolet light before placement. This process reduces hydrocarbon contamination on the implant surface, increases surface hydrophilicity, and enhances the biological activity of titanium. Previous experimental and clinical studies have suggested that UV photofunctionalization may improve cell attachment, promote bone formation, increase bone-to-implant contact, and enhance implant stability during the early stages of healing. This randomized controlled triple-blind split-mouth clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of early loading on ultraviolet photofunctionalized dental implants placed in the posterior mandible. Ten patients requiring bilateral implant-supported rehabilitation in comparable posterior mandibular sites were included. A total of twenty implants were placed, with each participant receiving one ultraviolet photofunctionalized implant and one non photofunctionalized control implant. Implant allocation was randomized, and ultraviolet photofunctionalization was performed by an independent investigator 24 hours before surgery. Participants, the surgeon/outcome assessor, and the statistician were blinded to treatment allocation throughout the study. All implants were restored using an early loading protocol four weeks after implant placement. Implant stability was evaluated using Resonance Frequency Analysis (RFA) and expressed as Implant Stability Quotient (ISQ) values. Measurements were obtained at implant placement, three weeks after surgery, and four weeks after surgery. In addition, peri-implant marginal bone loss was assessed radiographically during a one-year follow-up period. The split-mouth design was selected to minimize inter-individual variability and allow direct comparison between test and control implants within the same participant. The study aimed to determine whether ultraviolet photofunctionalization could improve implant stability and support the clinical performance of early-loaded dental implants in the posterior mandible.
- Conditions
- Posterior Mandibular Partial Edentulism
- Being tested
- Ultraviolet Photofunctionalization, Conventional Implant Placement
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Ultraviolet PhotofunctionalizationProcedure or surgery
Dental implants assigned to the experimental arm underwent ultraviolet photofunctionalization 24 hours before implant placement by an independent investigator. The implants were subsequently placed in posterior mandibular edentulous sites and restored using an early loading protocol 4 weeks after surgery
Conventional Implant PlacementProcedure or surgery
Dental implants assigned to the control arm were placed without ultraviolet photofunctionalization. The implants were inserted in comparable posterior mandibular edentulous sites and restored using the same early loading protocol 4 weeks after surgery
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Arm 1: Ultraviolet Photofunctionalized Dental Implants | Experimental | This arm included dental implants that underwent ultraviolet photofunctionalization 24 hours before implant placement. Each participant received one ultraviolet photofunctionalized implant in a posterior mandibular edentulous site according to the randomized split-mouth design. Receives: Procedure: Ultraviolet Photofunctionalization |
| Conventional Dental Implants | Active comparator | This arm included dental implants placed without ultraviolet photofunctionalization. Each participant received one conventional implant in a comparable posterior mandibular edentulous site according to the randomized split-mouth design. Receives: Procedure: Conventional Implant Placement |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Implant Stability Quotient (ISQ)
Implant stability was measured using Resonance Frequency Analysis (RFA) with the Mega ISQ II device. Stability values were recorded as Implant Stability Quotient (ISQ) scores ranging from 1 to 100, with higher values indicating greater implant stability. Measurements were obtained immediately after implant placement, at 3 weeks, and at 4 weeks postoperatively before early loading.
Measured: At implant placement (baseline), 3 weeks after implant placement, and 4 weeks after implant placement.
Secondary outcomes (1)
Peri-implant Marginal Bone Loss
Peri-implant marginal bone loss was evaluated using standardized periapical radiographs obtained immediately after implant placement and one year after early loading. Measurements were performed by assessing the vertical distance from the implant platform to the first bone-to-implant contact on both mesial and distal aspects of the implant. Bone level changes were calculated and recorded in millimeters (mm), with greater values indicating increased marginal bone loss
Measured: At implant placement (baseline) and one year after early loading.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted10 Jul 2026
- Study start11 Dec 2022
- Primary completion8 Feb 2025
- Study completion8 Mar 2026
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (5)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Posterior Mandibular Partial EdentulismStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- This study used a randomized split-mouth design in which each participant received one ultraviolet-photofunctionalized implant and one implant that did not undergo ultraviolet treatment in contralateral posterior mandibular sites. This design enabled within-subject comparisons while minimizing inter-individual variability.
- Masking
- Quadruple blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 10 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Damascus University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Issam Alkhouri, DDS, Phd, Study chair, Faculty of Dentistry, Damascus University, Damascus, SyriaAwab Al-Midani, Master's Degree Candidate, Principal investigator, Faculty of Dentistry, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07694388
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- UDDS-2026-OralMaxillofacial-02
- Status last verified
- Jul 2026
- First submitted
- 3 Jul 2026
- Last updated
- 10 Jul 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Funato A, Yamada M, Ogawa T. Success rate, healing time, and implant stability of photofunctionalized dental implants. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2013 Sep-Oct;28(5):1261-71. doi: 10.11607/jomi.3263.
PubMed 24066316Monje A, Ravida A, Wang HL, Helms JA, Brunski JB. Relationship Between Primary/Mechanical and Secondary/Biological Implant Stability. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2019 Suppl;34:s7-s23. doi: 10.11607/jomi.19suppl.g1.
PubMed 31116830Dini C, Nagay BE, Magno MB, Maia LC, Barao VAR. Photofunctionalization as a suitable approach to improve the osseointegration of implants in animal models-A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2020 Sep;31(9):785-802. doi: 10.1111/clr.13627. Epub 2020 Jul 2.
PubMed 32564392Hirota M, Ozawa T, Iwai T, Mitsudo K, Ogawa T. UV-Mediated Photofunctionalization of Dental Implant: A Seven-Year Results of a Prospective Study. J Clin Med. 2020 Aug 24;9(9):2733. doi: 10.3390/jcm9092733.
PubMed 32847061Choi B, Lee YC, Oh KC, Lee JH. Effects of photofunctionalization on early osseointegration of titanium dental implants in the maxillary posterior region: a randomized double-blinded clinical trial. Int J Implant Dent. 2021 May 10;7(1):37. doi: 10.1186/s40729-021-00318-x.
PubMed 33969450
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 10 Jul 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effect of Early Loading on Ultraviolet Photofunctionalized Dental Implants: A Randomized Controlled Triple-Blind Split-Mouth Clinical Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07694388
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- UDDS-2026-OralMaxillofacial-02
- Conditions
- Posterior Mandibular Partial Edentulism
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 10 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Damascus UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 11 Dec 2022 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 8 Feb 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 8 Mar 2026 (actual)
- First posted
- 10 Jul 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This randomized controlled triple-blind split-mouth clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of early loading on ultraviolet photofunctionalized dental implants placed in the posterior mandible. Ten patients received a total of 20 implants, with each participant receiving one ultraviolet photofunctionalized implant and one non-photofunctionalized control implant. Ultraviolet photofunctionalization was performed 24 hours before implant placement by an independent investigator. All implants were early loaded 4 weeks after surgery. Implant stability was assessed using Resonance Frequency Analysis (RFA) and expressed as Implant Stability Quotient (ISQ) values at implant placement, 3 weeks, and 4 weeks after surgery. Peri-implant marginal bone loss was evaluated radiographically during a one-year follow-up period. The study compared implant stability and radiographic outcomes between ultraviolet photofunctionalized and conventional implants under early loading conditions.
Detailed description
Dental implants have become a predictable and widely accepted treatment modality for the rehabilitation of partially and completely edentulous patients.
Successful implant therapy depends largely on achieving and maintaining osseointegration between the implant surface and the surrounding bone. Traditionally, implants were left unloaded for several months to allow sufficient healing and osseointegration before functional loading. However, the growing demand for shorter treatment times has encouraged the development of early loading protocols. Early loading of dental implants offers several clinical advantages, including reduced treatment duration, earlier restoration of function and esthetics, and improved patient satisfaction. Nevertheless, successful early loading requires adequate implant stability during the critical healing period. Consequently, considerable research has focused on improving implant surface characteristics to accelerate osseointegration and enhance implant stability. Ultraviolet (UV) photofunctionalization is a surface modification technique that involves exposing titanium implants to ultraviolet light before placement. This process reduces hydrocarbon contamination on the implant surface, increases surface hydrophilicity, and enhances the biological activity of titanium. Previous experimental and clinical studies have suggested that UV photofunctionalization may improve cell attachment, promote bone formation, increase bone-to-implant contact, and enhance implant stability during the early stages of healing. This randomized controlled triple-blind split-mouth clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of early loading on ultraviolet photofunctionalized dental implants placed in the posterior mandible. Ten patients requiring bilateral implant-supported rehabilitation in comparable posterior mandibular sites were included. A total of twenty implants were placed, with each participant receiving one ultraviolet photofunctionalized implant and one non photofunctionalized control implant. Implant allocation was randomized, and ultraviolet photofunctionalization was performed by an independent investigator 24 hours before surgery. Participants, the surgeon/outcome assessor, and the statistician were blinded to treatment allocation throughout the study. All implants were restored using an early loading protocol four weeks after implant placement. Implant stability was evaluated using Resonance Frequency Analysis (RFA) and expressed as Implant Stability Quotient (ISQ) values. Measurements were obtained at implant placement, three weeks after surgery, and four weeks after surgery. In addition, peri-implant marginal bone loss was assessed radiographically during a one-year follow-up period. The split-mouth design was selected to minimize inter-individual variability and allow direct comparison between test and control implants within the same participant. The study aimed to determine whether ultraviolet photofunctionalization could improve implant stability and support the clinical performance of early-loaded dental implants in the posterior mandible.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Quadruple blind (participant, care provider, investigator, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- This study used a randomized split-mouth design in which each participant received one ultraviolet-photofunctionalized implant and one implant that did not undergo ultraviolet treatment in contralateral posterior mandibular sites. This design enabled within-subject comparisons while minimizing inter-individual variability.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Arm 1: Ultraviolet Photofunctionalized Dental Implants | Experimental | Procedure: Ultraviolet PhotofunctionalizationThis arm included dental implants that underwent ultraviolet photofunctionalization 24 hours before implant placement. Each participant received one ultraviolet photofunctionalized implant in a posterior mandibular edentulous site according to the randomized split-mouth design. |
| Conventional Dental Implants | Active comparator | Procedure: Conventional Implant PlacementThis arm included dental implants placed without ultraviolet photofunctionalization. Each participant received one conventional implant in a comparable posterior mandibular edentulous site according to the randomized split-mouth design. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Willingness to participate in the study and provision of written informed consent, with commitment to follow-up visits and study instructions.
- Good oral hygiene and satisfactory oral health status.
- Adults aged 18 years or older.
- Good general health with no systemic conditions contraindicating dental implant placement.
- Requirement for dental implant placement in the posterior mandible, with at least 6 months elapsed since tooth extraction.
Key exclusion criteria (7 listed)
- Patients with parafunctional habits, including bruxism.
- Heavy smokers consuming more than 10 cigarettes per day.
- Patients receiving radiotherapy or chemotherapy.
- Long-term use of medications known to affect bone metabolism, such as corticosteroids.
- Pregnant or breastfeeding women.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Ultraviolet PhotofunctionalizationDental implants assigned to the experimental arm underwent ultraviolet photofunctionalization 24 hours before implant placement by an independent investigator. The implants were subsequently placed in posterior mandibular edentulous sites and restored using an early loading protocol 4 weeks after surgery | Procedure or surgery | Arm 1: Ultraviolet Photofunctionalized Dental Implants |
| Conventional Implant PlacementDental implants assigned to the control arm were placed without ultraviolet photofunctionalization. The implants were inserted in comparable posterior mandibular edentulous sites and restored using the same early loading protocol 4 weeks after surgery | Procedure or surgery | Conventional Dental Implants |
Primary outcome
Implant Stability Quotient (ISQ)
Time frame: At implant placement (baseline), 3 weeks after implant placement, and 4 weeks after implant placement.
Implant stability was measured using Resonance Frequency Analysis (RFA) with the Mega ISQ II device. Stability values were recorded as Implant Stability Quotient (ISQ) scores ranging from 1 to 100, with higher values indicating greater implant stability. Measurements were obtained immediately after implant placement, at 3 weeks, and at 4 weeks postoperatively before early loading.
1 secondary outcome
Peri-implant Marginal Bone Loss
Time frame: At implant placement (baseline) and one year after early loading.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 10 Jul 2026.
- Background: PubMed 24066316Funato A, Yamada M, Ogawa T. Success rate, healing time, and implant stability of photofunctionalized dental implants. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2013 Sep-Oct;28(5):1261-71. doi: 10.11607/jomi.3263.
- Background: PubMed 31116830Monje A, Ravida A, Wang HL, Helms JA, Brunski JB. Relationship Between Primary/Mechanical and Secondary/Biological Implant Stability. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2019 Suppl;34:s7-s23. doi: 10.11607/jomi.19suppl.g1.
- Background: PubMed 32564392Dini C, Nagay BE, Magno MB, Maia LC, Barao VAR. Photofunctionalization as a suitable approach to improve the osseointegration of implants in animal models-A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2020 Sep;31(9):785-802. doi: 10.1111/clr.13627. Epub 2020 Jul 2.
- Background: PubMed 32847061Hirota M, Ozawa T, Iwai T, Mitsudo K, Ogawa T. UV-Mediated Photofunctionalization of Dental Implant: A Seven-Year Results of a Prospective Study. J Clin Med. 2020 Aug 24;9(9):2733. doi: 10.3390/jcm9092733.
- Background: PubMed 33969450Choi B, Lee YC, Oh KC, Lee JH. Effects of photofunctionalization on early osseointegration of titanium dental implants in the maxillary posterior region: a randomized double-blinded clinical trial. Int J Implant Dent. 2021 May 10;7(1):37. doi: 10.1186/s40729-021-00318-x.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
Related trials for Posterior Mandibular Partial Edentulism
Recruiting
Soft Tissue Augmentation Around Dental Implants Using Connective Tissue Graft, Submerged Tenting Abutment, or Sub-crestal Implant Placement
Peri-implant Soft Tissue Deficiency, Partial Edentulism
Active, not recruiting
Immediate Loading in Single Tooth Implants
Partial Edentulism Class 3
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Issam Alkhouri, DDS, Phd study chair
Faculty of Dentistry, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
Awab Al-Midani, Master's Degree Candidate principal investigator
Faculty of Dentistry, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Ultraviolet Photofunctionalization and Conventional Implant Placement in people with Posterior Mandibular Partial Edentulism, run by Damascus University at 1 site in Syria.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 7 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 10 Jul 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Syria. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Implant Stability Quotient (ISQ) (time frame: At implant placement (baseline), 3 weeks after implant placement, and 4 weeks after implant placement.). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07694388, which also lists 5 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 10 Jul 2026.