Clinical EducationNCT07707154
Clinical Education Environment Assessment Scale
An observational study of Clinical Education and Health Sciences, run by Lokman Hekim University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
This study aims to develop and evaluate a questionnaire that measures how health sciences students perceive the clinical environments in which they complete internships or clinical placements. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Any ageHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Clinical Education, Health Sciences
- What is being tested?
- Observational assessment
- How many people
- 310 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 1 Aug 2026to 1 Jan 2027
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages Any age
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Study population: The study population will consist of fourth-year undergraduate students enrolled in health sciences programs at Hacettepe University Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation and Lokman Hekim University Faculty of Health Sciences. Eligible students will be those who have previously completed or are currently participating in clinical practice, internship, or clinical placement training. Students from Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Nutrition and Dietetics, Speech and Language Therapy, Midwifery, Occupational Therapy, Nursing, and Audiology programs may be included. Participants will be recruited using convenience sampling through relevant academic staff, clinical education settings, and student representatives. A minimum sample of 310 students is planned, based on the anticipated 31-item scale and the recommendation to recruit at least 10 participants per item for scale development studies. Participation will be voluntary, and all data will be collected anonymously through sel
Who may be able to join
- Fourth-year undergraduate student enrolled in a health sciences program.
- Previous or current experience of clinical practice, internship, or clinical placement.
- Able to read and understand Turkish.
- Provides voluntary informed consent to participate.
Who cannot join
- No previous or current clinical practice, internship, or clinical placement experience.
- Incomplete questionnaire responses.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Lokman Hekim University, Ankara, Ankara
Ankara, Ankara, 06370
Demet Öztürk, 05068394288, demett.ozturkk@gmail.com
About this study
Official title: Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Clinical Education Environment Assessment Scale for Health Sciences Students
This study aims to develop and evaluate a questionnaire that measures how health sciences students perceive the clinical environments in which they complete internships or clinical placements. The questionnaire will assess areas such as patient characteristics, supervisor support, working conditions, physical facilities, and learning experiences.
Fourth-year health sciences students who have previously completed clinical training will be invited to complete an anonymous questionnaire. Participation is voluntary, and completing the questionnaire will take approximately 10 minutes. No intervention, treatment, image recording, or biological sample collection will be involved.
The results may help universities and clinical training institutions identify strengths and areas for improvement in clinical education environments. The developed scale may also support educational quality assurance and accreditation processes.
Read the detailed description
This cross-sectional scale development study aims to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Clinical Education Environment Assessment Scale for Health Sciences Students. The scale is intended to assess students' perceptions of the quality and suitability of the clinical environments in which they complete internships and clinical placements.
Clinical education is an essential component of health sciences education because it enables students to apply theoretical knowledge, develop practical skills, improve clinical decision-making, and gain experience within healthcare teams. Students' learning outcomes and satisfaction may be influenced by several features of the clinical environment, including patient diversity, supervision quality, working conditions, physical facilities, access to equipment, opportunities for active participation, and overall learning experiences. However, existing clinical learning environment instruments are generally developed for specific disciplines and may not fully reflect the needs of students from different health sciences programs.
The study will include fourth-year undergraduate students from health sciences programs who have previously participated in clinical practice or internship training. Students who have not completed clinical placements or who provide incomplete questionnaires will be excluded. Participants will be recruited from Hacettepe University Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation and Lokman Hekim University Faculty of Health Sciences using convenience sampling.
The proposed scale is expected to include approximately 31 items covering patient characteristics, supervisor characteristics, working conditions, physical environment and infrastructure, and learning experience. Participants will also provide limited demographic information, including age, sex, department, and clinical placement participation status. Completing the questionnaire is expected to take approximately 10 minutes.
The scale development process will include content validity, construct validity, and reliability analyses. Content validity will be assessed through expert review involving academics from relevant health sciences disciplines. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses will be conducted to evaluate the factor structure of the scale. Internal consistency will be assessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficients and corrected item-total correlations.
Participation will be voluntary and anonymous. No intervention, biological sample collection, image recording, or audio recording will be performed. The findings may contribute to the evaluation and improvement of clinical education environments, support student-centered quality assurance processes, and provide a standardized tool for use in health sciences education and accreditation activities.
- Conditions
- Clinical Education, Health Sciences
- Being tested
- Observational assessment
- Keywords
- Psychometric Properties, Scale Development, Internship, Health Sciences Students
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Observational assessmentOther
Participants completed assessment forms. No intervention was administered.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Health Sciences Students with Clinical Placement Experience | Fourth-year undergraduate students enrolled in health sciences programs who have previously completed or are currently completing clinical practice, internship, or clinical placement training. Participants will complete an anonymous questionnaire evaluating their clinical education environment. Receives: Other: Observational assessment |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Exploratory Factor Analysis Factor Loadings
The factor structure of the newly developed scale will be evaluated using exploratory factor analysis. Factor loadings of the scale items will be examined to determine the contribution of each item to the underlying factor structure. Higher factor loadings indicate stronger association between the item and the relevant factor.
Measured: Baseline (Day 1)
Explained Variance in Exploratory Factor Analysis
The total variance explained by the factor structure identified through exploratory factor analysis will be calculated. A higher percentage of explained variance indicates that the factor structure accounts for a greater proportion of the variability in scale responses.
Measured: Baseline day 1
Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy
The adequacy of the data for factor analysis will be assessed using the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure. Higher values indicate greater suitability of the data for factor analysis.
Measured: Baseline (day 1)
Bartlett's Test of Sphericity
The suitability of the correlation matrix for factor analysis will be assessed using Bartlett's test of sphericity. A statistically significant result indicates that the correlation matrix is appropriate for factor analysis.
Measured: Baseline (day 1)
Confirmatory Factor Analysis Model Fit Indices
Confirmatory factor analysis will be used to evaluate the fit of the proposed factor structure. Model fit will be assessed using standard fit indices, including chi-square/degrees of freedom, CFI, NFI, NNFI, IFI, SRMR, and RMSEA. Better model fit indices indicate greater support for the proposed factor structure.
Measured: Baseline (day 1)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted16 Jul 2026
- Study start1 Aug 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion1 Sep 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion1 Jan 2027 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Clinical EducationStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Other
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Enrolment
- 310 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Lokman Hekim University
- Sponsor type
- Other government
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Demet Öztürk, Lokman Hekim University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07707154
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2026-XXÖ
- Status last verified
- Jul 2026
- First submitted
- 1 Jul 2026
- Last updated
- 16 Jul 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 16 Jul 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Clinical Education Environment Assessment Scale for Health Sciences Students
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07707154
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 2026-XXÖ
- Conditions
- Clinical Education, Health Sciences
- Keywords
- Psychometric Properties, Scale Development, Internship, Health Sciences Students
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Not yet recruiting
- Enrolment
- 310 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Lokman Hekim UniversityOther government
- Study start
- 1 Aug 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- 1 Sep 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 1 Jan 2027 (estimated)
- First posted
- 16 Jul 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study aims to develop and evaluate a questionnaire that measures how health sciences students perceive the clinical environments in which they complete internships or clinical placements. The questionnaire will assess areas such as patient characteristics, supervisor support, working conditions, physical facilities, and learning experiences.
Fourth-year health sciences students who have previously completed clinical training will be invited to complete an anonymous questionnaire. Participation is voluntary, and completing the questionnaire will take approximately 10 minutes. No intervention, treatment, image recording, or biological sample collection will be involved.
The results may help universities and clinical training institutions identify strengths and areas for improvement in clinical education environments. The developed scale may also support educational quality assurance and accreditation processes.
Detailed description
This cross-sectional scale development study aims to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Clinical Education Environment Assessment Scale for Health Sciences Students. The scale is intended to assess students' perceptions of the quality and suitability of the clinical environments in which they complete internships and clinical placements.
Clinical education is an essential component of health sciences education because it enables students to apply theoretical knowledge, develop practical skills, improve clinical decision-making, and gain experience within healthcare teams. Students' learning outcomes and satisfaction may be influenced by several features of the clinical environment, including patient diversity, supervision quality, working conditions, physical facilities, access to equipment, opportunities for active participation, and overall learning experiences. However, existing clinical learning environment instruments are generally developed for specific disciplines and may not fully reflect the needs of students from different health sciences programs.
The study will include fourth-year undergraduate students from health sciences programs who have previously participated in clinical practice or internship training. Students who have not completed clinical placements or who provide incomplete questionnaires will be excluded. Participants will be recruited from Hacettepe University Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation and Lokman Hekim University Faculty of Health Sciences using convenience sampling.
The proposed scale is expected to include approximately 31 items covering patient characteristics, supervisor characteristics, working conditions, physical environment and infrastructure, and learning experience. Participants will also provide limited demographic information, including age, sex, department, and clinical placement participation status. Completing the questionnaire is expected to take approximately 10 minutes.
The scale development process will include content validity, construct validity, and reliability analyses. Content validity will be assessed through expert review involving academics from relevant health sciences disciplines. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses will be conducted to evaluate the factor structure of the scale. Internal consistency will be assessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficients and corrected item-total correlations.
Participation will be voluntary and anonymous. No intervention, biological sample collection, image recording, or audio recording will be performed. The findings may contribute to the evaluation and improvement of clinical education environments, support student-centered quality assurance processes, and provide a standardized tool for use in health sciences education and accreditation activities.
Study design
- Observational model
- Other
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Health Sciences Students with Clinical Placement Experience | – | Other: Observational assessmentFourth-year undergraduate students enrolled in health sciences programs who have previously completed or are currently completing clinical practice, internship, or clinical placement training. Participants will complete an anonymous questionnaire evaluating their clinical education environment. |
Who may qualify
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- The study population will consist of fourth-year undergraduate students enrolled in health sciences programs at Hacettepe University Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation and Lokman Hekim University Faculty of Health Sciences. Eligible students will be those who have previously completed or are currently participating in clinical practice, internship, or clinical placement training. Students from Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Nutrition and Dietetics, Speech and Language Therapy, Midwifery, Occupational Therapy, Nursing, and Audiology programs may be included. Participants will be recruited using convenience sampling through relevant academic staff, clinical education settings, and student representatives. A minimum sample of 310 students is planned, based on the anticipated 31-item scale and the recommendation to recruit at least 10 participants per item for scale development studies. Participation will be voluntary, and all data will be collected anonymously through sel
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Fourth-year undergraduate student enrolled in a health sciences program.
- Previous or current experience of clinical practice, internship, or clinical placement.
- Able to read and understand Turkish.
- Provides voluntary informed consent to participate.
Key exclusion criteria (2 listed)
- No previous or current clinical practice, internship, or clinical placement experience.
- Incomplete questionnaire responses.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Observational assessmentParticipants completed assessment forms. No intervention was administered. | Other | Health Sciences Students with Clinical Placement Experience |
Primary outcome
Exploratory Factor Analysis Factor Loadings
Time frame: Baseline (Day 1)
The factor structure of the newly developed scale will be evaluated using exploratory factor analysis. Factor loadings of the scale items will be examined to determine the contribution of each item to the underlying factor structure. Higher factor loadings indicate stronger association between the item and the relevant factor.
Explained Variance in Exploratory Factor Analysis
Time frame: Baseline day 1
The total variance explained by the factor structure identified through exploratory factor analysis will be calculated. A higher percentage of explained variance indicates that the factor structure accounts for a greater proportion of the variability in scale responses.
Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy
Time frame: Baseline (day 1)
The adequacy of the data for factor analysis will be assessed using the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure. Higher values indicate greater suitability of the data for factor analysis.
Bartlett's Test of Sphericity
Time frame: Baseline (day 1)
The suitability of the correlation matrix for factor analysis will be assessed using Bartlett's test of sphericity. A statistically significant result indicates that the correlation matrix is appropriate for factor analysis.
Confirmatory Factor Analysis Model Fit Indices
Time frame: Baseline (day 1)
Confirmatory factor analysis will be used to evaluate the fit of the proposed factor structure. Model fit will be assessed using standard fit indices, including chi-square/degrees of freedom, CFI, NFI, NNFI, IFI, SRMR, and RMSEA. Better model fit indices indicate greater support for the proposed factor structure.
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 16 Jul 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Clinical Education and Health Sciences, run by Lokman Hekim University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 2 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: opening soon, as of the sponsor's last update on 16 Jul 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Demet Öztürk, Phd (+905068394288, demett.ozturkk@gmail.com), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Exploratory Factor Analysis Factor Loadings (time frame: Baseline (Day 1)). The study lists 5 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 16 Jul 2026.