Knee PainMKEPNCT07716163
Mikhled Knee Exercise Program With and Without Stecco Fascial Manipulation Effect in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome
A study testing Mikhled Knee Exercises with Stecco Fascial Manipulation and Mikhled Knee Exercise Program (MKEP) in people with Knee Pain and Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
To compare the effects of the Mikhled Knee Exercise Program with and without Stecco Fascial Manipulation on pain, range of motion, and functional outcomes Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 25 to 45 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Knee Pain, Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome, Patellofemoral Pain (PFPS)
- What is being tested?
- Mikhled Knee Exercises with Stecco Fascial Manipulation and Mikhled Knee Exercise Program (MKEP)
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 58 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 1 Jul 2026to 1 Sep 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 25 to 45 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Male and female participants between the ages of 25-45 years (16)
- Diffused anterior knee pain for at least 8 weeks (16)
- Pain exacerbated by climbing stairs, prolonged sitting, walking, running, squatting, knee flexion, and isometric quadriceps contraction (14).
- Patients had never received Stecco fascial manipulation and MKEP before.
Who cannot join
- Tendonitis
- Osgood-Schlatter syndrome
- OA
- Fracture
- Patellar sublaxation or dislocation
- Previous history of surgery
Show all 10Show fewer
- Meniscus or ligament damage
- Heart diseases
- Neurological deficits
- Pregnancy
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Pakistan1 site
Dr. Abid Harif Awan's Physiotherapy Clinic
Lahore, Punjab Province, 54000
Saba Rafiq, MS-OMPT, 03034045433, saba.rafiq@riphah.edu.pk
About this study
Official title: Comparative Effects of the Mikhled Knee Exercise Program With and Without Stecco Fascial Manipulation on Pain, Range of Motion, and Functional Outcomes in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome
To compare the effects of the Mikhled Knee Exercise Program with and without Stecco Fascial Manipulation on pain, range of motion, and functional outcomes Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome.
Read the detailed description
A study was conducted to assess the comparative effectiveness of the Mikhled Knee Exercise Program (MKEP) combined with ultrasound therapy and conventional physiotherapy combined with ultrasound therapy in managing patellofemoral arthritis. Thirty participants diagnosed with patellofemoral arthritis were randomly assigned to two groups: an MKEP group (n = 15) and a conventional therapy group (n = 15). The MKEP group received the Mikhled Knee Exercise Program along with ultrasound therapy, while the conventional group received traditional physiotherapy exercises with ultrasound therapy. Both groups underwent a 6-week intervention. Pain was assessed using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), and functional status was evaluated using the Anterior Knee Pain Scale (AKPS) before and after treatment. The findings demonstrated that the Mikhled Knee Exercise Program combined with ultrasound therapy was more effective than conventional physiotherapy with ultrasound therapy in reducing pain and improving functional status among patients with patellofemoral arthritis.
A randomized study was conducted to determine the effects of the Mikhled Knee Exercise Program and quadriceps-based training in collegiate athletes with patellofemoral pain syndrome. Fifty-four participants were randomly allocated into two equal groups. During a four-week intervention, one group received the Mikhled Knee Exercise Program, whereas the other group underwent quadriceps-based training. Participants were assessed before and after treatment using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and the Kujala Patellofemoral Scale. The results indicated that the Mikhled Knee Exercise Program was more effective than quadriceps-based training in reducing pain and improving functional outcomes in individuals with patellofemoral pain syndrome.
A randomized clinical trial was conducted to investigate the efficacy of Fascial Manipulation using the Stecco Method combined with muscle strengthening compared with muscle strengthening alone in patients with patellofemoral pain. Twenty-seven participants were randomly assigned to two groups. One group received supervised muscle strengthening along with Fascial Manipulation using the Stecco Method, whereas the other group received supervised muscle strengthening only. Pain was assessed using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), subjective function using the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS), and objective function using the Step Down Test. Assessments were performed before treatment, after completion of the intervention, and at one-month follow-up. The study demonstrated that combining Stecco Fascial Manipulation with muscle strengthening produced greater improvements than muscle strengthening alone.
A randomized comparative single-blind clinical study was conducted to evaluate the effects of ultrasound therapy, the Mikhled Knee Exercise Program, and their combination in individuals with patellofemoral pain syndrome. Sixty participants aged 20 years or younger were allocated into three groups: Mikhled Knee Exercise Program, ultrasound therapy, and Mikhled Knee Exercise Program combined with ultrasound therapy. Pain was measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), general health was assessed using the SF-36 questionnaire, and functional status was evaluated with the WOMAC questionnaire before and after treatment. The findings showed that combining the Mikhled Knee Exercise Program with ultrasound therapy resulted in greater pain reduction and functional improvement than either intervention alone.
Although the Mikhled Knee Exercise Program has demonstrated effectiveness in addressing muscular impairments associated with patellofemoral pain syndrome, limited evidence exists regarding its integration with fascial techniques such as the Stecco Fascial Manipulation Method. Most existing studies have evaluated exercise-based rehabilitation or fascial/manual therapy as independent interventions, with very few examining the combined therapeutic effects of both approaches. Therefore, further research is warranted to determine whether integrating the Mikhled Knee Exercise Program with Stecco Fascial Manipulation provides superior improvements in pain reduction, joint mobility, and functional outcomes in individuals with patellofemoral pain syndrome.
- Being tested
- Mikhled Knee Exercises with Stecco Fascial Manipulation, Mikhled Knee Exercise Program (MKEP)
- Keywords
- Fascia, Manipulation, Pain, Patellofemoral pain, Range of motion
- Medical subject headings
- Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome, Pain
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Mikhled Knee Exercises with Stecco Fascial ManipulationOther
Intervention: Mikhled Knee Exercise Program (MKEP) Frequency: 3 sessions per week Duration: 6 weeks Session Duration: 30-45 minutes Supervision: Supervised by a physiotherapist Exercises: Wall slides, step-downs, eccentric decline squats, lateral step-ups, closed kinetic chain terminal knee extensions, single-leg stance with trunk rotation, and quadriceps isometric exercises Dosage: 2-3 sets of 10-15 repetitions per exercise Progression: Gradual increase in exercise intensity and difficulty based on participant tolerance and clinical progress.
Intervention: Stecco Fascial Manipulation Frequency: 1-2 sessions per week (within the treatment session) Duration: 6 weeks Application Time: 10-15 minutes per session Provider: Performed by a trained physiotherapist Target Area: Centers of Coordination (CCs) in the fascia of the hip, thigh, and knee Technique: Manual fascial manipulation tailored to identified fascial restrictions
Mikhled Knee Exercise Program (MKEP)Other
Intervention: Mikhled Knee Exercise Program (MKEP) Frequency: 3 sessions per week Duration: 6 weeks Session Duration: 30-45 minutes Supervision: Supervised by a physiotherapist Exercises: Wall slides, step-downs, eccentric decline squats, lateral step-ups, closed kinetic chain terminal knee extensions, single-leg stance with trunk rotation, and quadriceps isometric exercises Dosage: 2-3 sets of 10-15 repetitions per exercise Progression: Gradual increase in exercise intensity and difficulty based on participant tolerance and clinical progress.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Mikhled Knee Exercises with Stecco Fascial Manipulation | Active comparator | Participants will receive the Mikhled Knee Exercise Program (MKEP) three times per week for 6 weeks under physiotherapist supervision. The program includes wall slides, step-downs, eccentric decline squats, lateral step-ups, terminal knee extensions, single-leg stance with trunk rotation, and quadriceps isometric exercises (2-3 sets of 10-15 repetitions), with progressive advancement based on individual tolerance. In addition, participants will receive Stecco Fascial Manipulation for 10-15 minutes, 1-2 times per week, targeting the Centers of Coordination (CCs) of the hip, thigh, and knee to improve fascial mobility, reduce pain, and enhance knee function. Receives: Other: Mikhled Knee Exercises with Stecco Fascial Manipulation |
| Mikhled Knee Exercises Program (MKEP) | Experimental | Participants in Group B will also perform the Mikhled Knee Exercise Program three times per week for six weeks, following the same structure and progression as Group A. This includes the same set of functional and strengthening exercises aimed at restoring proper patellar alignment and improving knee function, such as wall slides, step-downs, eccentric squats, lateral step-ups, closed-chain terminal knee extensions, single-leg stance with trunk rotation, and isometric quadriceps holds. Exercise intensity will begin at two sets of 10 repetitions and gradually increase to three sets of 15 repetitions, with resistance and complexity progressing over time based on the patient's response Receives: Other: Mikhled Knee Exercise Program (MKEP) |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS)
It is a simple and widely used tool for assessing pain intensity, where patients rate their pain from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst imaginable pain). It is highly reliable (ICC ranging from 0.87 to 0.96) and valid for assessing pain associated with knee injuries. It is sensitive to changes in pain levels over time, making it suitable for both baseline and follow-up assessments
Measured: 6 weeks
Range of Motion (Flexion) by Universal Goniometer
It is a standard instrument to measure the knee joint's flexion angle. It is essential for evaluating knee mobility following injury or surgery. The tool has shown excellent reliability (ICC > 0.90) and good validity when used by trained clinicians. During measurement, the fulcrum is placed over the lateral epicondyle of the femur. The stationary arm is aligned with the lateral midline of the femur, pointing toward the greater trochanter, while the movable arm is aligned with the lateral midline of the fibula, pointing toward the lateral malleolus
Measured: 6 weeks
Anterior Knee Pain Scale (AKPS)
The Anterior Knee Pain Scale, also known as the Kujala Score, is a self-reported questionnaire used to evaluate functional limitations and pain in individuals with patellofemoral disorders. It includes 13 items assessing activities like walking, squatting, and running. For knee-related conditions, it demonstrates high reliability (ICC > 0.90) and strong content validity in both clinical and research settings
Measured: 6 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted21 Jul 2026
- Study start1 Jul 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion1 Aug 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion1 Sep 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Knee PainStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 58 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Saba Rafiq, MS OMPT, Principal investigator, Riphah International University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07716163
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- REC/RCR & AHS/25/0130
- Acronym
- MKEP
- Status last verified
- Jul 2026
- First submitted
- 16 Jul 2026
- Last updated
- 21 Jul 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 21 Jul 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Comparative Effects of the Mikhled Knee Exercise Program With and Without Stecco Fascial Manipulation on Pain, Range of Motion, and Functional Outcomes in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07716163
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- MKEP / REC/RCR & AHS/25/0130
- Keywords
- Fascia, Manipulation, Pain, Patellofemoral pain, Range of motion
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Not yet recruiting
- Enrolment
- 58 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Jul 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- 1 Aug 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 1 Sep 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 21 Jul 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
To compare the effects of the Mikhled Knee Exercise Program with and without Stecco Fascial Manipulation on pain, range of motion, and functional outcomes Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome.
Detailed description
A study was conducted to assess the comparative effectiveness of the Mikhled Knee Exercise Program (MKEP) combined with ultrasound therapy and conventional physiotherapy combined with ultrasound therapy in managing patellofemoral arthritis. Thirty participants diagnosed with patellofemoral arthritis were randomly assigned to two groups: an MKEP group (n = 15) and a conventional therapy group (n = 15). The MKEP group received the Mikhled Knee Exercise Program along with ultrasound therapy, while the conventional group received traditional physiotherapy exercises with ultrasound therapy. Both groups underwent a 6-week intervention. Pain was assessed using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), and functional status was evaluated using the Anterior Knee Pain Scale (AKPS) before and after treatment. The findings demonstrated that the Mikhled Knee Exercise Program combined with ultrasound therapy was more effective than conventional physiotherapy with ultrasound therapy in reducing pain and improving functional status among patients with patellofemoral arthritis.
A randomized study was conducted to determine the effects of the Mikhled Knee Exercise Program and quadriceps-based training in collegiate athletes with patellofemoral pain syndrome. Fifty-four participants were randomly allocated into two equal groups. During a four-week intervention, one group received the Mikhled Knee Exercise Program, whereas the other group underwent quadriceps-based training. Participants were assessed before and after treatment using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and the Kujala Patellofemoral Scale. The results indicated that the Mikhled Knee Exercise Program was more effective than quadriceps-based training in reducing pain and improving functional outcomes in individuals with patellofemoral pain syndrome.
A randomized clinical trial was conducted to investigate the efficacy of Fascial Manipulation using the Stecco Method combined with muscle strengthening compared with muscle strengthening alone in patients with patellofemoral pain. Twenty-seven participants were randomly assigned to two groups. One group received supervised muscle strengthening along with Fascial Manipulation using the Stecco Method, whereas the other group received supervised muscle strengthening only. Pain was assessed using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), subjective function using the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS), and objective function using the Step Down Test. Assessments were performed before treatment, after completion of the intervention, and at one-month follow-up. The study demonstrated that combining Stecco Fascial Manipulation with muscle strengthening produced greater improvements than muscle strengthening alone.
A randomized comparative single-blind clinical study was conducted to evaluate the effects of ultrasound therapy, the Mikhled Knee Exercise Program, and their combination in individuals with patellofemoral pain syndrome. Sixty participants aged 20 years or younger were allocated into three groups: Mikhled Knee Exercise Program, ultrasound therapy, and Mikhled Knee Exercise Program combined with ultrasound therapy. Pain was measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), general health was assessed using the SF-36 questionnaire, and functional status was evaluated with the WOMAC questionnaire before and after treatment. The findings showed that combining the Mikhled Knee Exercise Program with ultrasound therapy resulted in greater pain reduction and functional improvement than either intervention alone.
Although the Mikhled Knee Exercise Program has demonstrated effectiveness in addressing muscular impairments associated with patellofemoral pain syndrome, limited evidence exists regarding its integration with fascial techniques such as the Stecco Fascial Manipulation Method. Most existing studies have evaluated exercise-based rehabilitation or fascial/manual therapy as independent interventions, with very few examining the combined therapeutic effects of both approaches. Therefore, further research is warranted to determine whether integrating the Mikhled Knee Exercise Program with Stecco Fascial Manipulation provides superior improvements in pain reduction, joint mobility, and functional outcomes in individuals with patellofemoral pain syndrome.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Mikhled Knee Exercises with Stecco Fascial Manipulation | Active comparator | Other: Mikhled Knee Exercises with Stecco Fascial ManipulationParticipants will receive the Mikhled Knee Exercise Program (MKEP) three times per week for 6 weeks under physiotherapist supervision. The program includes wall slides, step-downs, eccentric decline squats, lateral step-ups, terminal knee extensions, single-leg stance with trunk rotation, and quadriceps isometric exercises (2-3 sets of 10-15 repetitions), with progressive advancement based on individual tolerance. In addition, participants will receive Stecco Fascial Manipulation for 10-15 minutes, 1-2 times per week, targeting the Centers of Coordination (CCs) of the hip, thigh, and knee to improve fascial mobility, reduce pain, and enhance knee function. |
| Mikhled Knee Exercises Program (MKEP) | Experimental | Other: Mikhled Knee Exercise Program (MKEP)Participants in Group B will also perform the Mikhled Knee Exercise Program three times per week for six weeks, following the same structure and progression as Group A. This includes the same set of functional and strengthening exercises aimed at restoring proper patellar alignment and improving knee function, such as wall slides, step-downs, eccentric squats, lateral step-ups, closed-chain terminal knee extensions, single-leg stance with trunk rotation, and isometric quadriceps holds. Exercise intensity will begin at two sets of 10 repetitions and gradually increase to three sets of 15 repetitions, with resistance and complexity progressing over time based on the patient's response |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 25 to 45 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Male and female participants between the ages of 25-45 years (16)
- Diffused anterior knee pain for at least 8 weeks (16)
- Pain exacerbated by climbing stairs, prolonged sitting, walking, running, squatting, knee flexion, and isometric quadriceps contraction (14).
- Patients had never received Stecco fascial manipulation and MKEP before.
Key exclusion criteria (10 listed)
- Tendonitis
- Osgood-Schlatter syndrome
- OA
- Fracture
- Patellar sublaxation or dislocation
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Mikhled Knee Exercises with Stecco Fascial ManipulationIntervention: Mikhled Knee Exercise Program (MKEP) Frequency: 3 sessions per week Duration: 6 weeks Session Duration: 30-45 minutes Supervision: Supervised by a physiotherapist Exercises: Wall slides, step-downs, eccentric decline squats, lateral step-ups, closed kinetic chain terminal knee extensions, single-leg stance with trunk rotation, and quadriceps isometric exercises Dosage: 2-3 sets of 10-15 repetitions per exercise Progression: Gradual increase in exercise intensity and difficulty based on participant tolerance and clinical progress. Intervention: Stecco Fascial Manipulation Frequency: 1-2 sessions per week (within the treatment session) Duration: 6 weeks Application Time: 10-15 minutes per session Provider: Performed by a trained physiotherapist Target Area: Centers of Coordination (CCs) in the fascia of the hip, thigh, and knee Technique: Manual fascial manipulation tailored to identified fascial restrictions | Other | Mikhled Knee Exercises with Stecco Fascial Manipulation |
| Mikhled Knee Exercise Program (MKEP)Intervention: Mikhled Knee Exercise Program (MKEP) Frequency: 3 sessions per week Duration: 6 weeks Session Duration: 30-45 minutes Supervision: Supervised by a physiotherapist Exercises: Wall slides, step-downs, eccentric decline squats, lateral step-ups, closed kinetic chain terminal knee extensions, single-leg stance with trunk rotation, and quadriceps isometric exercises Dosage: 2-3 sets of 10-15 repetitions per exercise Progression: Gradual increase in exercise intensity and difficulty based on participant tolerance and clinical progress. | Other | Mikhled Knee Exercises Program (MKEP) |
Primary outcome
Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS)
Time frame: 6 weeks
It is a simple and widely used tool for assessing pain intensity, where patients rate their pain from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst imaginable pain). It is highly reliable (ICC ranging from 0.87 to 0.96) and valid for assessing pain associated with knee injuries. It is sensitive to changes in pain levels over time, making it suitable for both baseline and follow-up assessments
Range of Motion (Flexion) by Universal Goniometer
Time frame: 6 weeks
It is a standard instrument to measure the knee joint's flexion angle. It is essential for evaluating knee mobility following injury or surgery. The tool has shown excellent reliability (ICC > 0.90) and good validity when used by trained clinicians. During measurement, the fulcrum is placed over the lateral epicondyle of the femur. The stationary arm is aligned with the lateral midline of the femur, pointing toward the greater trochanter, while the movable arm is aligned with the lateral midline of the fibula, pointing toward the lateral malleolus
Anterior Knee Pain Scale (AKPS)
Time frame: 6 weeks
The Anterior Knee Pain Scale, also known as the Kujala Score, is a self-reported questionnaire used to evaluate functional limitations and pain in individuals with patellofemoral disorders. It includes 13 items assessing activities like walking, squatting, and running. For knee-related conditions, it demonstrates high reliability (ICC > 0.90) and strong content validity in both clinical and research settings
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 21 Jul 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Saba Rafiq, MS OMPT principal investigator
Riphah International University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Mikhled Knee Exercises with Stecco Fascial Manipulation and Mikhled Knee Exercise Program (MKEP) in people with Knee Pain and Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 10 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: opening soon, as of the sponsor's last update on 21 Jul 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Imran Amjad, PhD (03324390125, imran.amjad@riphah.edu.pk), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) (time frame: 6 weeks). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 21 Jul 2026.