Adhesive CapsulitisSMWAMNCT07724691
Spinal Mobilization With Arm Movement and Kaltenborn Mobilization in Adhesive Capsulitis
A study testing Spinal Mobilization with Arm Movement and Kaltenborn Mobilization in people with Adhesive Capsulitis and Frozen Shoulder, run by Riphah International University at 2 sites in Pakistan.
Trial summary
To compare the effects of spinal mobilization with arm movement and Kaltenborn Mobilization on pain, range of motion, functional reaching, and disability in patients with Adhesive Capsulitis. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 30 to 50 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Adhesive Capsulitis, Frozen Shoulder, Mulligan Mobilization
- What is being tested?
- Spinal Mobilization with Arm Movement and Kaltenborn Mobilization
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 50 participants
- Where
- 2 sitesPakistan
- Study dates
- 1 Jul 2026to 1 Sep 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 30 to 50 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Age 35-50 years
- Both male and female genders
- Pain rating 3 to 7 on NPRS for at least 3 months
- Idiopathic frozen shoulder
- Stage II and III frozen shoulder
- Positive Apley's Scratch test
Show all 9Show fewer
- Unilateral frozen shoulder
- Frozen shoulder with at least 25% restricted ROM
- Presence of global restriction in passive range of motion (PROM) in a capsular pattern (ER > ABD > IR)
Who cannot join
- Arthritic shoulder
- Rotator cuff disease
- Post-traumatic stiff shoulder
- Post-CABG shoulder-hand syndrome
- Post-stroke frozen shoulder
- Bilateral frozen shoulder
Show all 13Show fewer
- Complex Regional Pain Syndrome
- Any fracture or other injury
- Any systemic illness
- Any inflammatory disease (Rheumatoid arthritis, gout)
- Any neurological disease
- Frozen Shoulder secondary to Brachial Plexus Injury, Parkinsonism, Ankylosis, Infection, or Arthroplasty
- Tendon calcification
Trial locations and contacts
2 sites in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Pakistan2 sites, 2 recruiting
- Recruiting
Alfalah Medical Center
Lahore, Punjab Province, 54000
Annum Manzoor, MS-OMPT, 03324880984, drannummanzoor20@gmail.com
- Recruiting
Jinnah Hospital
Lahore, Punjab Province, 54000
Annum Manzoor, MS-OMPT, 03324880984, drannummanzoor20@gmail.com
About this study
Official title: Effects of Spinal Mobilization With Arm Movement and Kaltenborn Mobilization on Pain, Range of Motion, Functional Reaching, and Disability in Adhesive Capsulitis
To compare the effects of spinal mobilization with arm movement and Kaltenborn Mobilization on pain, range of motion, functional reaching, and disability in patients with Adhesive Capsulitis.
Read the detailed description
A randomized clinical trial compared the effectiveness of Kaltenborn mobilization and muscle energy techniques in individuals with adhesive capsulitis. Seventy-six participants were randomly allocated into two treatment groups. Pain, shoulder range of motion, and disability were assessed using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), goniometry, and the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) at baseline and after four weeks of treatment. The findings demonstrated that Kaltenborn mobilization produced greater improvements in pain reduction, shoulder range of motion, and functional ability.
A quasi-experimental study evaluated the effects of Kaltenborn mobilization and muscle energy techniques in patients with chronic adhesive capsulitis. Participants received their respective manual therapy interventions in combination with conventional rehabilitation. Shoulder external rotation, shoulder abduction, pain intensity, and functional disability were assessed before and after treatment. The results indicated that Kaltenborn mobilization was more effective than muscle energy techniques in improving shoulder mobility, reducing pain, and enhancing functional outcomes.
A randomized controlled trial compared muscle energy techniques with Kaltenborn mobilization for improving shoulder range of motion in individuals with adhesive capsulitis. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and during follow-up using goniometric measurements. The findings showed that muscle energy techniques produced greater improvements in shoulder flexion and abduction, whereas rotational movements demonstrated no clear advantage over Kaltenborn mobilization.
A randomized clinical trial investigated the effects of Spinal Mobilization with Arm Movement (SMWAM) compared with the Maitland mobilization technique on shoulder function. Pain, shoulder range of motion, and muscle activity were evaluated before and after treatment. The results demonstrated that spinal mobilization with arm movement effectively reduced pain, normalized shoulder muscle activity, and increased shoulder range of motion.
A randomized controlled trial compared the effects of anterior and posterior Grade III Kaltenborn glides on shoulder function in patients with adhesive capsulitis. External rotation and functional ability were evaluated using goniometric measurements and the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI). The findings indicated that posterior gliding mobilization resulted in greater improvements in external rotation and shoulder function than anterior gliding.
A randomized controlled trial examined the immediate effects of Spinal Mobilization with Arm Movement (SMWAM) on shoulder performance. The intervention involved cervical spinal mobilization combined with repeated active arm abduction. The study reported immediate improvements in shoulder movement and suggested that SMWAM enhances shoulder function by correcting cervical spinal alignment and stimulating joint mechanoreceptors.
Although both Spinal Mobilization with Arm Movement (SMWAM) and Kaltenborn Mobilization have demonstrated beneficial effects in reducing pain and improving shoulder mobility, existing evidence has primarily evaluated these techniques independently or compared them with other manual therapy approaches. Direct comparative evidence between SMWAM and Kaltenborn Mobilization in individuals with adhesive capsulitis remains limited, particularly regarding their effects on pain, range of motion, functional reaching, and disability. Therefore, further comparative research is warranted to determine the more effective intervention for optimizing functional recovery in patients with adhesive capsulitis.
- Conditions
- Adhesive Capsulitis, Frozen Shoulder, Mulligan Mobilization, Spinal Mobilization, Shoulder Pain
- Being tested
- Spinal Mobilization with Arm Movement, Kaltenborn Mobilization
- Keywords
- Adhesive capsulitis, Disability, Kaltenborn, Mulligan, Pain, Range of Motion
- Medical subject headings
- Bursitis, Shoulder Pain, Pain
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Spinal Mobilization with Arm MovementOther
Also called SMWAM
Intervention: Spinal Mobilization with Arm Movement (SMWAM) Position: Participant seated upright with neutral spine and head posture Technique: Sustained transverse glide applied to the C4 spinous process toward the side opposite the affected shoulder during active shoulder abduction Movement: Active shoulder abduction to the pain-free or maximum tolerated range, followed by return to the starting position while maintaining the glide Dosage: 10 repetitions per session Purpose: To reduce pain, improve shoulder mobility, and enhance functional movement.
Kaltenborn MobilizationOther
Also called KMT
Intervention: Kaltenborn Mobilization Technique (KMT) Pre-treatment: Moist hot pack application Techniques: Grade I glenohumeral traction, Grade III ventral glide, and Grade III caudal glide Dosage: 15 repetitions of each technique with a 30-second hold and 10-second rest between repetitions Duration: Approximately 10 minutes per session Purpose: To improve glenohumeral joint mobility, reduce pain, and increase shoulder range of motion.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Spinal Mobilization with Arm Movement | Active comparator | Participants will be seated upright while the therapist applies a sustained transverse glide to the C4 spinous process toward the side opposite the affected shoulder. The glide will be maintained as the participant actively abducts the affected arm to the pain-free or maximum tolerated range and returns to the starting position. The technique will be performed for 10 repetitions per session, ensuring controlled movement, proper posture, and patient comfort throughout the intervention. Receives: Other: Spinal Mobilization with Arm Movement |
| Kaltenborn Mobilization | Experimental | Following the application of a moist hot pack, participants will receive Kaltenborn Grade I glenohumeral traction followed by Grade III ventral glide and Grade III caudal glide in the same treatment session. Each mobilization will be performed for 15 repetitions, with a 30-second sustained hold and 10-second rest between repetitions, for a total treatment time of approximately 10 minutes. The techniques will be applied in standardized patient positions with appropriate scapular stabilization to improve glenohumeral joint mobility, reduce pain, and increase shoulder range of motion. Receives: Other: Kaltenborn Mobilization |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Pain by Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS)
The Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) is an 11-point self-reported scale (0 = no pain, 10 = worst imaginable pain) used to assess pain intensity in clinical and research settings.
Measured: 6 weeks
Range of Motion (External Rotation, Abduction, Internal Rotation)
A goniometer is a standard clinical instrument used to measure joint range of motion (ROM)
Measured: 6 weeks
Functional Disability
The Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) is a 13-item self-administered questionnaire used to assess shoulder pain and functional disability.
Measured: 6 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted24 Jul 2026
- Study start1 Jul 2026
- Primary completion1 Aug 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion1 Sep 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (10)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Adhesive CapsulitisStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Riphah International UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 50 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Annum Manzoor, MS OMPT, Principal investigator, Riphah International University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07724691
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- REC/RCR & AHS/25/0142
- Acronym
- SMWAM
- Status last verified
- Jul 2026
- First submitted
- 21 Jul 2026
- Last updated
- 24 Jul 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
10. Umar M, Anwar A, Khan N, Marryam M, Rashid H. Effectiveness Of Kaltenborn Mobilization Versus Muscle Energy Technique On Shoulder Range Of Motion In Adhesive Capsulitis. Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College. 2023;27(3).
Pattnaik S, Kumar P, Sarkar B, Oraon AK. Comparison of Kaltenborn mobilization technique and muscle energy technique on range of motion, pain and function in subjects with chronic shoulder adhesive capsulitis. Hong Kong Physiother J. 2023 Dec;43(2):149-159. doi: 10.1142/S1013702523500166. Epub 2023 Jun 21.
PubMed 375839228. Zohaib M, Anwar S. Comparison Of Kaltenborn Mobilization With Muscle Energy Technique In Patients With Adhesive Capsulitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial. International Journal of Physical Therapy Research & Practice. 2025;4(4):219-29.
7. Shahzadi M, Tanveer S, Batool M, Sheikh SA, Faraz K, Fatima Z. Comparing Muscle Energy Technique and Kaltenborn-Evjenth Orthopaedic Manual Therapy: A Study on Effectiveness in Treating Chronic Low Back Pain. Journal of Health and Rehabilitation Research. 2023;3(2):1200-5.
Seo Y, Lee J, Han D. The effects of spinal mobilization with arm movements on shoulder muscle strengthening. J Phys Ther Sci. 2015 Jan;27(1):11-3. doi: 10.1589/jpts.27.11. Epub 2015 Jan 9.
PubMed 256420265. Afzal F. Effectiveness of Kaltenborn Joint Mobilization Technique Versus Muscle Energy Technique on Pain and Disability in Patients with Shoulder Adhesive Capsulitis. Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research. 2022;6(5).
4. Sarwar N, Siddique S, Jawa R. Efficacy of Spencer Technique and Scapular Mobilization in the Management of Adhesive Capsulitis: A Narrative Review: Spencer Technique and Scapular Mobilization for Adhesive Capsulitis. Pakistan Journal of Rehabilitation. 2026;15(1):5-8.
Jacob L, Gyasi RM, Koyanagi A, Haro JM, Smith L, Kostev K. Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Adhesive Capsulitis of the Shoulder in Older Adults from Germany. J Clin Med. 2023 Jan 14;12(2):669. doi: 10.3390/jcm12020669.
PubMed 36675599Do JG, Hwang JT, Yoon KJ, Lee YT. Correlation of Ultrasound Findings With Clinical Stages and Impairment in Adhesive Capsulitis of the Shoulder. Orthop J Sports Med. 2021 May 10;9(5):23259671211003675. doi: 10.1177/23259671211003675. eCollection 2021 May.
PubMed 33997079Leafblad N, Mizels J, Tashjian R, Chalmers P. Adhesive Capsulitis. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2023 May;34(2):453-468. doi: 10.1016/j.pmr.2022.12.009. Epub 2023 Feb 28.
PubMed 37003663
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 24 Jul 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effects of Spinal Mobilization With Arm Movement and Kaltenborn Mobilization on Pain, Range of Motion, Functional Reaching, and Disability in Adhesive Capsulitis
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07724691
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- SMWAM / REC/RCR & AHS/25/0142
- Conditions
- Adhesive Capsulitis, Frozen Shoulder, Mulligan Mobilization, Spinal Mobilization, Shoulder Pain
- Keywords
- Adhesive capsulitis, Disability, Kaltenborn, Mulligan, Pain, Range of Motion
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 50 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Jul 2026 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Aug 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 1 Sep 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 24 Jul 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
To compare the effects of spinal mobilization with arm movement and Kaltenborn Mobilization on pain, range of motion, functional reaching, and disability in patients with Adhesive Capsulitis.
Detailed description
A randomized clinical trial compared the effectiveness of Kaltenborn mobilization and muscle energy techniques in individuals with adhesive capsulitis. Seventy-six participants were randomly allocated into two treatment groups. Pain, shoulder range of motion, and disability were assessed using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), goniometry, and the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) at baseline and after four weeks of treatment. The findings demonstrated that Kaltenborn mobilization produced greater improvements in pain reduction, shoulder range of motion, and functional ability.
A quasi-experimental study evaluated the effects of Kaltenborn mobilization and muscle energy techniques in patients with chronic adhesive capsulitis. Participants received their respective manual therapy interventions in combination with conventional rehabilitation. Shoulder external rotation, shoulder abduction, pain intensity, and functional disability were assessed before and after treatment. The results indicated that Kaltenborn mobilization was more effective than muscle energy techniques in improving shoulder mobility, reducing pain, and enhancing functional outcomes.
A randomized controlled trial compared muscle energy techniques with Kaltenborn mobilization for improving shoulder range of motion in individuals with adhesive capsulitis. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and during follow-up using goniometric measurements. The findings showed that muscle energy techniques produced greater improvements in shoulder flexion and abduction, whereas rotational movements demonstrated no clear advantage over Kaltenborn mobilization.
A randomized clinical trial investigated the effects of Spinal Mobilization with Arm Movement (SMWAM) compared with the Maitland mobilization technique on shoulder function. Pain, shoulder range of motion, and muscle activity were evaluated before and after treatment. The results demonstrated that spinal mobilization with arm movement effectively reduced pain, normalized shoulder muscle activity, and increased shoulder range of motion.
A randomized controlled trial compared the effects of anterior and posterior Grade III Kaltenborn glides on shoulder function in patients with adhesive capsulitis. External rotation and functional ability were evaluated using goniometric measurements and the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI). The findings indicated that posterior gliding mobilization resulted in greater improvements in external rotation and shoulder function than anterior gliding.
A randomized controlled trial examined the immediate effects of Spinal Mobilization with Arm Movement (SMWAM) on shoulder performance. The intervention involved cervical spinal mobilization combined with repeated active arm abduction. The study reported immediate improvements in shoulder movement and suggested that SMWAM enhances shoulder function by correcting cervical spinal alignment and stimulating joint mechanoreceptors.
Although both Spinal Mobilization with Arm Movement (SMWAM) and Kaltenborn Mobilization have demonstrated beneficial effects in reducing pain and improving shoulder mobility, existing evidence has primarily evaluated these techniques independently or compared them with other manual therapy approaches. Direct comparative evidence between SMWAM and Kaltenborn Mobilization in individuals with adhesive capsulitis remains limited, particularly regarding their effects on pain, range of motion, functional reaching, and disability. Therefore, further comparative research is warranted to determine the more effective intervention for optimizing functional recovery in patients with adhesive capsulitis.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Spinal Mobilization with Arm Movement | Active comparator | Other: Spinal Mobilization with Arm MovementParticipants will be seated upright while the therapist applies a sustained transverse glide to the C4 spinous process toward the side opposite the affected shoulder. The glide will be maintained as the participant actively abducts the affected arm to the pain-free or maximum tolerated range and returns to the starting position. The technique will be performed for 10 repetitions per session, ensuring controlled movement, proper posture, and patient comfort throughout the intervention. |
| Kaltenborn Mobilization | Experimental | Other: Kaltenborn MobilizationFollowing the application of a moist hot pack, participants will receive Kaltenborn Grade I glenohumeral traction followed by Grade III ventral glide and Grade III caudal glide in the same treatment session. Each mobilization will be performed for 15 repetitions, with a 30-second sustained hold and 10-second rest between repetitions, for a total treatment time of approximately 10 minutes. The techniques will be applied in standardized patient positions with appropriate scapular stabilization to improve glenohumeral joint mobility, reduce pain, and increase shoulder range of motion. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 30 to 50 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (9 listed)
- Age 35-50 years
- Both male and female genders
- Pain rating 3 to 7 on NPRS for at least 3 months
- Idiopathic frozen shoulder
- Stage II and III frozen shoulder
Key exclusion criteria (13 listed)
- Arthritic shoulder
- Rotator cuff disease
- Post-traumatic stiff shoulder
- Post-CABG shoulder-hand syndrome
- Post-stroke frozen shoulder
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Spinal Mobilization with Arm MovementAlso: SMWAMIntervention: Spinal Mobilization with Arm Movement (SMWAM) Position: Participant seated upright with neutral spine and head posture Technique: Sustained transverse glide applied to the C4 spinous process toward the side opposite the affected shoulder during active shoulder abduction Movement: Active shoulder abduction to the pain-free or maximum tolerated range, followed by return to the starting position while maintaining the glide Dosage: 10 repetitions per session Purpose: To reduce pain, improve shoulder mobility, and enhance functional movement. | Other | Spinal Mobilization with Arm Movement |
| Kaltenborn MobilizationAlso: KMTIntervention: Kaltenborn Mobilization Technique (KMT) Pre-treatment: Moist hot pack application Techniques: Grade I glenohumeral traction, Grade III ventral glide, and Grade III caudal glide Dosage: 15 repetitions of each technique with a 30-second hold and 10-second rest between repetitions Duration: Approximately 10 minutes per session Purpose: To improve glenohumeral joint mobility, reduce pain, and increase shoulder range of motion. | Other | Kaltenborn Mobilization |
Primary outcome
Pain by Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS)
Time frame: 6 weeks
The Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) is an 11-point self-reported scale (0 = no pain, 10 = worst imaginable pain) used to assess pain intensity in clinical and research settings.
Range of Motion (External Rotation, Abduction, Internal Rotation)
Time frame: 6 weeks
A goniometer is a standard clinical instrument used to measure joint range of motion (ROM)
Functional Disability
Time frame: 6 weeks
The Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) is a 13-item self-administered questionnaire used to assess shoulder pain and functional disability.
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 24 Jul 2026.
- Background10. Umar M, Anwar A, Khan N, Marryam M, Rashid H. Effectiveness Of Kaltenborn Mobilization Versus Muscle Energy Technique On Shoulder Range Of Motion In Adhesive Capsulitis. Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College. 2023;27(3).
- Background: PubMed 37583922Pattnaik S, Kumar P, Sarkar B, Oraon AK. Comparison of Kaltenborn mobilization technique and muscle energy technique on range of motion, pain and function in subjects with chronic shoulder adhesive capsulitis. Hong Kong Physiother J. 2023 Dec;43(2):149-159. doi: 10.1142/S1013702523500166. Epub 2023 Jun 21.
- Background8. Zohaib M, Anwar S. Comparison Of Kaltenborn Mobilization With Muscle Energy Technique In Patients With Adhesive Capsulitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial. International Journal of Physical Therapy Research & Practice. 2025;4(4):219-29.
- Background7. Shahzadi M, Tanveer S, Batool M, Sheikh SA, Faraz K, Fatima Z. Comparing Muscle Energy Technique and Kaltenborn-Evjenth Orthopaedic Manual Therapy: A Study on Effectiveness in Treating Chronic Low Back Pain. Journal of Health and Rehabilitation Research. 2023;3(2):1200-5.
- Background: PubMed 25642026Seo Y, Lee J, Han D. The effects of spinal mobilization with arm movements on shoulder muscle strengthening. J Phys Ther Sci. 2015 Jan;27(1):11-3. doi: 10.1589/jpts.27.11. Epub 2015 Jan 9.
- Background5. Afzal F. Effectiveness of Kaltenborn Joint Mobilization Technique Versus Muscle Energy Technique on Pain and Disability in Patients with Shoulder Adhesive Capsulitis. Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research. 2022;6(5).
- Background4. Sarwar N, Siddique S, Jawa R. Efficacy of Spencer Technique and Scapular Mobilization in the Management of Adhesive Capsulitis: A Narrative Review: Spencer Technique and Scapular Mobilization for Adhesive Capsulitis. Pakistan Journal of Rehabilitation. 2026;15(1):5-8.
- Background: PubMed 36675599Jacob L, Gyasi RM, Koyanagi A, Haro JM, Smith L, Kostev K. Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Adhesive Capsulitis of the Shoulder in Older Adults from Germany. J Clin Med. 2023 Jan 14;12(2):669. doi: 10.3390/jcm12020669.
- Background: PubMed 33997079Do JG, Hwang JT, Yoon KJ, Lee YT. Correlation of Ultrasound Findings With Clinical Stages and Impairment in Adhesive Capsulitis of the Shoulder. Orthop J Sports Med. 2021 May 10;9(5):23259671211003675. doi: 10.1177/23259671211003675. eCollection 2021 May.
- Background: PubMed 37003663Leafblad N, Mizels J, Tashjian R, Chalmers P. Adhesive Capsulitis. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2023 May;34(2):453-468. doi: 10.1016/j.pmr.2022.12.009. Epub 2023 Feb 28.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Annum Manzoor, MS OMPT principal investigator
Riphah International University
2 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Spinal Mobilization with Arm Movement and Kaltenborn Mobilization in people with Adhesive Capsulitis and Frozen Shoulder, run by Riphah International University at 2 sites in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 9 inclusion and 13 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 24 Jul 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 2 sites in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Imran Amjad, PhD (03324390125, imran.amjad@riphah.edu.pk), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Pain by Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) (time frame: 6 weeks). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07724691, which also lists 10 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 24 Jul 2026.