HypertensionNCT07751445
Unilateral and Bilateral Resistance Training in Hypertension
A study testing Unilateral Resistance Training and Bilateral Resistance Training in people with Hypertension, run by Hacettepe University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
Hypertension is associated with autonomic nervous system dysfunction, reduced muscle strength, and impaired functional capacity, all of which contribute to increased cardiovascular risk and decreased quality of life. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 40 to 75 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Hypertension
- What is being tested?
- Unilateral Resistance Training and Bilateral Resistance Training
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 54 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 22 Jun 2026to 1 Oct 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 40 to 75 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Adults aged 40 to 75 years.
- Physician-confirmed diagnosis of hypertension.
- Medically stable and able to safely participate in a supervised resistance training program.
- Able to understand the study procedures and provide written informed consent.
Who cannot join
- Presence of cardiovascular diseases other than hypertension.
- Neurological disorders.
- Psychiatric disorders.
- Orthopedic conditions limiting participation in resistance exercise.
- Any other systemic disease that may interfere with study participation.
- Cognitive impairment or psychological conditions preventing completion of the assessments.
- History of recent surgery or medical conditions contraindicating exercise.
- Inability or unwillingness to comply with the study protocol.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Munzur University Faculty of Health Sciences
Tunceli
Ulku OZBEY, Prof. Dr., +90 531 435 88 94, ulkuozbey@munzur.edu.tr
About this study
Official title: Comparison of the Effects of Unilateral and Bilateral Resistance Training on Heart Rate Variability, Muscle Strength, and Functional Capacity in Individuals With Hypertension: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Hypertension is associated with autonomic nervous system dysfunction, reduced muscle strength, and impaired functional capacity, all of which contribute to increased cardiovascular risk and decreased quality of life. Resistance training is recommended as a non-pharmacological intervention for hypertension; however, it remains unclear whether unilateral and bilateral resistance training produce different physiological adaptations, particularly regarding cardiac autonomic function.
This randomized controlled trial aims to compare the effects of unilateral and bilateral resistance training on heart rate variability (HRV), muscle strength, and functional capacity in adults with hypertension. Eligible participants aged 40-75 years with a confirmed diagnosis of hypertension will be randomly allocated to one of three groups: a unilateral resistance training group, a bilateral resistance training group, or a control group. Randomization will be performed using a computer-generated block randomization procedure with sex stratification to ensure balanced group allocation.
Read more
Participants in the two intervention groups will complete a supervised 12-week resistance training program, performed twice weekly at an intensity of 60-70% of one-repetition maximum (1RM). The unilateral training group will perform exercises using one limb at a time, whereas the bilateral training group will perform the same exercises simultaneously with both limbs. The control group will receive no structured exercise intervention during the study period but will receive general information regarding the benefits of physical activity.
Assessments will be conducted at baseline and after the 12-week intervention. The primary outcome will be heart rate variability measured using a Polar H10 heart rate sensor and Elite HRV software. Secondary outcomes will include peripheral muscle strength assessed by one-repetition maximum testing, functional capacity assessed using the Six-Minute Walk Test and the Glittre Activities of Daily Living Test, and blood pressure measured using a sphygmomanometer.
The findings of this study are expected to provide evidence regarding the optimal resistance training strategy for improving autonomic function and physical performance in individuals with hypertension, thereby supporting the development of safer and more individualized exercise prescriptions.
Read the detailed description
Hypertension is one of the leading modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease and is strongly associated with autonomic nervous system dysfunction. Increased sympathetic activity and reduced parasympathetic activity contribute to impaired cardiovascular regulation, which can be assessed non-invasively through heart rate variability (HRV). Reduced HRV has been associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In addition to autonomic dysfunction, individuals with hypertension frequently exhibit reduced muscle strength, impaired functional capacity, and limitations in daily physical activities.
Resistance training is widely recommended as a safe and effective non-pharmacological intervention for hypertension because it improves blood pressure control, muscular fitness, and overall physical function. Although both unilateral and bilateral resistance training are commonly prescribed, their physiological effects may differ. Unilateral resistance exercises generally involve a smaller active muscle mass, potentially resulting in lower cardiovascular stress while maintaining local muscular adaptations. In contrast, bilateral resistance exercises recruit a larger muscle mass and may induce greater cardiovascular and hemodynamic responses. Despite these theoretical differences, evidence directly comparing their effects on cardiac autonomic regulation in individuals with hypertension remains limited.
The primary objective of this randomized controlled trial is to compare the effects of unilateral and bilateral resistance training on cardiac autonomic function assessed by HRV in adults with hypertension. Secondary objectives include evaluating changes in peripheral muscle strength, functional capacity, activities of daily living, and blood pressure following a supervised resistance training program.
Adults aged 40 to 75 years with a physician-confirmed diagnosis of hypertension who are able to participate safely in resistance exercise will be recruited from Munzur University and Tunceli State Hospital. After providing written informed consent, eligible participants will be randomly assigned to one of three groups using a computer-generated block randomization procedure with sex stratification:
Unilateral Resistance Training Group Bilateral Resistance Training Group Control Group
Participants allocated to the intervention groups will complete a supervised 12-week resistance training program performed twice weekly. Exercise intensity will be prescribed at 60-70% of one-repetition maximum (1RM). Both intervention groups will perform the same resistance exercises, including leg press, knee extension, leg curl, seated row, and chest press. The unilateral group will perform each exercise separately with the right and left limbs, whereas the bilateral group will perform the exercises simultaneously using both limbs. Each exercise session will consist of 2-3 sets of 8-12 repetitions with at least one minute of rest between sets. Training loads will be progressively increased when participants are able to perform more than 20 repetitions with a perceived exertion below 3 on the Modified Borg Scale.
Participants in the control group will not receive supervised resistance training during the 12-week intervention period but will receive standardized education regarding the health benefits of regular physical activity. Following study completion, participants in the control group will be offered the exercise intervention if the training program is demonstrated to be beneficial.
Outcome assessments will be performed at baseline and after completion of the 12-week intervention. HRV will be measured using a Polar H10 heart rate sensor connected to the Elite HRV application. Measurements will be obtained before exercise, immediately after exercise, and during the recovery period. Time-domain variables, including RMSSD, SDNN, pNN50, and mean RR interval, as well as frequency-domain variables, including total power, LF power, HF power, LF/HF ratio, LF peak frequency, and HF peak frequency, will be analyzed.
Peripheral muscle strength will be evaluated using one-repetition maximum testing for leg press, knee extension, leg curl, seated row, and chest press. Functional capacity will be assessed using the Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), while functional performance in activities of daily living will be evaluated using the Glittre Activities of Daily Living Test (Glittre-ADL). Resting and exercise blood pressure will be measured using a validated sphygmomanometer.
The study hypothesis is that unilateral resistance training will produce improvements in HRV, muscle strength, and functional capacity comparable to or greater than bilateral resistance training while imposing lower cardiovascular stress. The findings are expected to provide evidence supporting individualized resistance exercise prescription for individuals with hypertension and contribute to the optimization of exercise-based cardiovascular rehabilitation programs.
- Conditions
- Hypertension
- Being tested
- Unilateral Resistance Training, Bilateral Resistance Training
- Keywords
- Hypertension, Resistance Training, Heart Rate Variability, Muscle Strength, Functional Capacity
- Medical subject headings
- Hypertension
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Unilateral Resistance TrainingOther
Participants will complete a supervised unilateral resistance training program twice weekly for 12 weeks. Exercise intensity will be prescribed at 60-70% of one-repetition maximum (1RM). Exercises include leg press, knee extension, leg curl, seated row, and chest press performed separately with the right and left limbs. Each session consists of 2-3 sets of 8-12 repetitions with at least 1 minute of rest between sets. Training loads will be progressively increased based on participants' performance and perceived exertion using the Modified Borg Scale.
Bilateral Resistance TrainingOther
Participants will complete a supervised bilateral resistance training program twice weekly for 12 weeks. Exercise intensity will be prescribed at 60-70% of one-repetition maximum (1RM). Exercises include leg press, knee extension, leg curl, seated row, and chest press performed simultaneously with both limbs. Each session consists of 2-3 sets of 8-12 repetitions with at least 1 minute of rest between sets. Training loads will be progressively increased according to participants' performance and perceived exertion using the Modified Borg Scale.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Unilateral Resistance Training Group | Experimental | Participants will receive a supervised unilateral resistance training program twice weekly for 12 weeks. Training intensity will be set at 60-70% of one-repetition maximum (1RM). Exercises will include leg press, knee extension, leg curl, seated row, and chest press, performed separately with the right and left limbs. Each session will consist of 2-3 sets of 8-12 repetitions with at least 1 minute of rest between sets. Training load will be progressively increased according to participants' performance and perceived exertion. Receives: Other: Unilateral Resistance Training |
| Bilateral Resistance Training Group | Experimental | Participants will receive a supervised bilateral resistance training program twice weekly for 12 weeks. Exercise intensity will be prescribed at 60-70% of one-repetition maximum (1RM). The training program will include leg press, knee extension, leg curl, seated row, and chest press performed simultaneously with both limbs. Each exercise will be completed for 2-3 sets of 8-12 repetitions with at least 1 minute of rest between sets. Training intensity will be progressively increased according to participants' performance and perceived exertion. Receives: Other: Bilateral Resistance Training |
| Control Group | No intervention | Participants assigned to the control group will not receive supervised resistance training during the 12-week study period. They will receive standardized education regarding the health benefits of regular physical activity. After study completion, participants will be offered the exercise program if the intervention is shown to be beneficial. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Muscle Strength
Muscle strength will be assessed using one-repetition maximum (1RM) testing for leg press, knee extension, leg curl, seated row, and chest press exercises.
Measured: Baseline and Week 12
Functional Capacity
Functional capacity will be evaluated using the Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT). Walking distance and physiological responses will be recorded before and after the intervention.
Measured: Baseline and Week 12
RMSSD
Change in the root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD) measured using heart rate variability analysis. RMSSD is reported in milliseconds (ms). Minimum value: 0 ms. There is no fixed maximum value. Higher values indicate greater parasympathetic activity and improved cardiac autonomic function (better outcome).
Measured: Baseline and Week 12
SDNN
Change in the standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN) measured using heart rate variability analysis. SDNN is reported in milliseconds (ms). Minimum value: 0 ms. There is no fixed maximum value. Higher values indicate greater overall heart rate variability and improved cardiac autonomic function (better outcome).
Measured: Baseline and Week 12
pNN50
Change in the percentage of successive normal-to-normal intervals differing by more than 50 ms (pNN50). The outcome is expressed as a percentage (%). Minimum value: 0%. Maximum value: 100%. Higher values indicate greater parasympathetic activity (better outcome).
Measured: Baseline and Week 12
Mean RR Interval
Change in mean RR interval measured using heart rate variability analysis. The outcome is expressed in milliseconds (ms). Minimum value: 0 ms. There is no fixed maximum value. Higher values generally indicate a lower resting heart rate and improved autonomic regulation (better outcome).
Measured: Baseline and Week 12
Total Power
Change in total power measured using heart rate variability analysis. The outcome is expressed in milliseconds squared (ms²). Minimum value: 0 ms². There is no fixed maximum value. Higher values indicate greater overall heart rate variability (better outcome).
Measured: Baseline and Week 12
LF Power
Change in low-frequency (LF) power measured using heart rate variability analysis. The outcome is expressed in milliseconds squared (ms²). Minimum value: 0 ms². There is no fixed maximum value. Higher values generally indicate greater autonomic modulation.
Measured: Baseline and Week 12
HF Power
Change in high-frequency (HF) power measured using heart rate variability analysis. The outcome is expressed in milliseconds squared (ms²). Minimum value: 0 ms². There is no fixed maximum value. Higher values indicate greater parasympathetic activity (better outcome).
Measured: Baseline and Week 12
LF Peak
Change in low-frequency peak (LF Peak) measured using heart rate variability analysis. The outcome is expressed in hertz (Hz). Minimum value: 0 Hz. There is no fixed maximum value.
Measured: Baseline and Week 12
HF Peak
Change in high-frequency peak (HF Peak) measured using heart rate variability analysis. The outcome is expressed in hertz (Hz). Minimum value: 0 Hz. There is no fixed maximum value.
Measured: Baseline and Week 12
Secondary outcomes (2)
Activities of Daily Living
Change in activities of daily living performance assessed using the Glittre Activities of Daily Living (Glittre ADL) Test. The outcome is the total time required to complete the Glittre ADL Test, measured in seconds (s). Minimum value: 0 seconds. There is no fixed maximum value. Lower completion times indicate better functional performance in activities of daily living (better outcome), whereas higher completion times indicate poorer functional performance (worse outcome).
Measured: Baseline and Week 12
Blood Pressure
Systolic and diastolic blood pressure will be measured using a validated sphygmomanometer before exercise, immediately after exercise, and 30 minutes after exercise during the baseline and post-intervention assessments.
Measured: Baseline and Week 12
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted7 Aug 2026
- Study start22 Jun 2026
- Primary completion25 Sep 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion1 Oct 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for HypertensionStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Hacettepe UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 54 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Hacettepe University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Ceyhun Topcuoglu, Munzur University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07751445
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2026/8-21
- Status last verified
- Aug 2026
- First submitted
- 2 Aug 2026
- Last updated
- 7 Aug 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Khoury M, Cordina R. Exercise Training for People Living With Fontan Circulation: An Underutilized Intervention. Can J Cardiol. 2022 Jul;38(7):1012-1023. doi: 10.1016/j.cjca.2022.01.008. Epub 2022 Jan 15.
PubMed 35041931
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 7 Aug 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Comparison of the Effects of Unilateral and Bilateral Resistance Training on Heart Rate Variability, Muscle Strength, and Functional Capacity in Individuals With Hypertension: A Randomized Controlled Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07751445
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 2026/8-21
- Conditions
- Hypertension
- Keywords
- Hypertension, Resistance Training, Heart Rate Variability, Muscle Strength, Functional Capacity
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 54 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Hacettepe UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 22 Jun 2026 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 25 Sep 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 1 Oct 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 7 Aug 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Hypertension is associated with autonomic nervous system dysfunction, reduced muscle strength, and impaired functional capacity, all of which contribute to increased cardiovascular risk and decreased quality of life. Resistance training is recommended as a non-pharmacological intervention for hypertension; however, it remains unclear whether unilateral and bilateral resistance training produce different physiological adaptations, particularly regarding cardiac autonomic function.
This randomized controlled trial aims to compare the effects of unilateral and bilateral resistance training on heart rate variability (HRV), muscle strength, and functional capacity in adults with hypertension. Eligible participants aged 40-75 years with a confirmed diagnosis of hypertension will be randomly allocated to one of three groups: a unilateral resistance training group, a bilateral resistance training group, or a control group. Randomization will be performed using a computer-generated block randomization procedure with sex stratification to ensure balanced group allocation.
Participants in the two intervention groups will complete a supervised 12-week resistance training program, performed twice weekly at an intensity of 60-70% of one-repetition maximum (1RM). The unilateral training group will perform exercises using one limb at a time, whereas the bilateral training group will perform the same exercises simultaneously with both limbs. The control group will receive no structured exercise intervention during the study period but will receive general information regarding the benefits of physical activity.
Assessments will be conducted at baseline and after the 12-week intervention. The primary outcome will be heart rate variability measured using a Polar H10 heart rate sensor and Elite HRV software. Secondary outcomes will include peripheral muscle strength assessed by one-repetition maximum testing, functional capacity assessed using the Six-Minute Walk Test and the Glittre Activities of Daily Living Test, and blood pressure measured using a sphygmomanometer.
The findings of this study are expected to provide evidence regarding the optimal resistance training strategy for improving autonomic function and physical performance in individuals with hypertension, thereby supporting the development of safer and more individualized exercise prescriptions.
Detailed description
Hypertension is one of the leading modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease and is strongly associated with autonomic nervous system dysfunction. Increased sympathetic activity and reduced parasympathetic activity contribute to impaired cardiovascular regulation, which can be assessed non-invasively through heart rate variability (HRV). Reduced HRV has been associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In addition to autonomic dysfunction, individuals with hypertension frequently exhibit reduced muscle strength, impaired functional capacity, and limitations in daily physical activities.
Resistance training is widely recommended as a safe and effective non-pharmacological intervention for hypertension because it improves blood pressure control, muscular fitness, and overall physical function. Although both unilateral and bilateral resistance training are commonly prescribed, their physiological effects may differ. Unilateral resistance exercises generally involve a smaller active muscle mass, potentially resulting in lower cardiovascular stress while maintaining local muscular adaptations. In contrast, bilateral resistance exercises recruit a larger muscle mass and may induce greater cardiovascular and hemodynamic responses. Despite these theoretical differences, evidence directly comparing their effects on cardiac autonomic regulation in individuals with hypertension remains limited.
The primary objective of this randomized controlled trial is to compare the effects of unilateral and bilateral resistance training on cardiac autonomic function assessed by HRV in adults with hypertension. Secondary objectives include evaluating changes in peripheral muscle strength, functional capacity, activities of daily living, and blood pressure following a supervised resistance training program.
Adults aged 40 to 75 years with a physician-confirmed diagnosis of hypertension who are able to participate safely in resistance exercise will be recruited from Munzur University and Tunceli State Hospital. After providing written informed consent, eligible participants will be randomly assigned to one of three groups using a computer-generated block randomization procedure with sex stratification:
Unilateral Resistance Training Group Bilateral Resistance Training Group Control Group
Participants allocated to the intervention groups will complete a supervised 12-week resistance training program performed twice weekly. Exercise intensity will be prescribed at 60-70% of one-repetition maximum (1RM). Both intervention groups will perform the same resistance exercises, including leg press, knee extension, leg curl, seated row, and chest press. The unilateral group will perform each exercise separately with the right and left limbs, whereas the bilateral group will perform the exercises simultaneously using both limbs. Each exercise session will consist of 2-3 sets of 8-12 repetitions with at least one minute of rest between sets. Training loads will be progressively increased when participants are able to perform more than 20 repetitions with a perceived exertion below 3 on the Modified Borg Scale.
Participants in the control group will not receive supervised resistance training during the 12-week intervention period but will receive standardized education regarding the health benefits of regular physical activity. Following study completion, participants in the control group will be offered the exercise intervention if the training program is demonstrated to be beneficial.
Outcome assessments will be performed at baseline and after completion of the 12-week intervention. HRV will be measured using a Polar H10 heart rate sensor connected to the Elite HRV application. Measurements will be obtained before exercise, immediately after exercise, and during the recovery period. Time-domain variables, including RMSSD, SDNN, pNN50, and mean RR interval, as well as frequency-domain variables, including total power, LF power, HF power, LF/HF ratio, LF peak frequency, and HF peak frequency, will be analyzed.
Peripheral muscle strength will be evaluated using one-repetition maximum testing for leg press, knee extension, leg curl, seated row, and chest press. Functional capacity will be assessed using the Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), while functional performance in activities of daily living will be evaluated using the Glittre Activities of Daily Living Test (Glittre-ADL). Resting and exercise blood pressure will be measured using a validated sphygmomanometer.
The study hypothesis is that unilateral resistance training will produce improvements in HRV, muscle strength, and functional capacity comparable to or greater than bilateral resistance training while imposing lower cardiovascular stress. The findings are expected to provide evidence supporting individualized resistance exercise prescription for individuals with hypertension and contribute to the optimization of exercise-based cardiovascular rehabilitation programs.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 3
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Unilateral Resistance Training Group | Experimental | Other: Unilateral Resistance TrainingParticipants will receive a supervised unilateral resistance training program twice weekly for 12 weeks. Training intensity will be set at 60-70% of one-repetition maximum (1RM). Exercises will include leg press, knee extension, leg curl, seated row, and chest press, performed separately with the right and left limbs. Each session will consist of 2-3 sets of 8-12 repetitions with at least 1 minute of rest between sets. Training load will be progressively increased according to participants' performance and perceived exertion. |
| Bilateral Resistance Training Group | Experimental | Other: Bilateral Resistance TrainingParticipants will receive a supervised bilateral resistance training program twice weekly for 12 weeks. Exercise intensity will be prescribed at 60-70% of one-repetition maximum (1RM). The training program will include leg press, knee extension, leg curl, seated row, and chest press performed simultaneously with both limbs. Each exercise will be completed for 2-3 sets of 8-12 repetitions with at least 1 minute of rest between sets. Training intensity will be progressively increased according to participants' performance and perceived exertion. |
| Control Group | No intervention | –Participants assigned to the control group will not receive supervised resistance training during the 12-week study period. They will receive standardized education regarding the health benefits of regular physical activity. After study completion, participants will be offered the exercise program if the intervention is shown to be beneficial. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 40 to 75 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Adults aged 40 to 75 years.
- Physician-confirmed diagnosis of hypertension.
- Medically stable and able to safely participate in a supervised resistance training program.
- Able to understand the study procedures and provide written informed consent.
Key exclusion criteria (8 listed)
- Presence of cardiovascular diseases other than hypertension.
- Neurological disorders.
- Psychiatric disorders.
- Orthopedic conditions limiting participation in resistance exercise.
- Any other systemic disease that may interfere with study participation.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Unilateral Resistance TrainingParticipants will complete a supervised unilateral resistance training program twice weekly for 12 weeks. Exercise intensity will be prescribed at 60-70% of one-repetition maximum (1RM). Exercises include leg press, knee extension, leg curl, seated row, and chest press performed separately with the right and left limbs. Each session consists of 2-3 sets of 8-12 repetitions with at least 1 minute of rest between sets. Training loads will be progressively increased based on participants' performance and perceived exertion using the Modified Borg Scale. | Other | Unilateral Resistance Training Group |
| Bilateral Resistance TrainingParticipants will complete a supervised bilateral resistance training program twice weekly for 12 weeks. Exercise intensity will be prescribed at 60-70% of one-repetition maximum (1RM). Exercises include leg press, knee extension, leg curl, seated row, and chest press performed simultaneously with both limbs. Each session consists of 2-3 sets of 8-12 repetitions with at least 1 minute of rest between sets. Training loads will be progressively increased according to participants' performance and perceived exertion using the Modified Borg Scale. | Other | Bilateral Resistance Training Group |
Primary outcome
Muscle Strength
Time frame: Baseline and Week 12
Muscle strength will be assessed using one-repetition maximum (1RM) testing for leg press, knee extension, leg curl, seated row, and chest press exercises.
Functional Capacity
Time frame: Baseline and Week 12
Functional capacity will be evaluated using the Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT). Walking distance and physiological responses will be recorded before and after the intervention.
RMSSD
Time frame: Baseline and Week 12
Change in the root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD) measured using heart rate variability analysis. RMSSD is reported in milliseconds (ms). Minimum value: 0 ms. There is no fixed maximum value. Higher values indicate greater parasympathetic activity and improved cardiac autonomic function (better outcome).
SDNN
Time frame: Baseline and Week 12
Change in the standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN) measured using heart rate variability analysis. SDNN is reported in milliseconds (ms). Minimum value: 0 ms. There is no fixed maximum value. Higher values indicate greater overall heart rate variability and improved cardiac autonomic function (better outcome).
pNN50
Time frame: Baseline and Week 12
Change in the percentage of successive normal-to-normal intervals differing by more than 50 ms (pNN50). The outcome is expressed as a percentage (%). Minimum value: 0%. Maximum value: 100%. Higher values indicate greater parasympathetic activity (better outcome).
Mean RR Interval
Time frame: Baseline and Week 12
Change in mean RR interval measured using heart rate variability analysis. The outcome is expressed in milliseconds (ms). Minimum value: 0 ms. There is no fixed maximum value. Higher values generally indicate a lower resting heart rate and improved autonomic regulation (better outcome).
Total Power
Time frame: Baseline and Week 12
Change in total power measured using heart rate variability analysis. The outcome is expressed in milliseconds squared (ms²). Minimum value: 0 ms². There is no fixed maximum value. Higher values indicate greater overall heart rate variability (better outcome).
LF Power
Time frame: Baseline and Week 12
Change in low-frequency (LF) power measured using heart rate variability analysis. The outcome is expressed in milliseconds squared (ms²). Minimum value: 0 ms². There is no fixed maximum value. Higher values generally indicate greater autonomic modulation.
HF Power
Time frame: Baseline and Week 12
Change in high-frequency (HF) power measured using heart rate variability analysis. The outcome is expressed in milliseconds squared (ms²). Minimum value: 0 ms². There is no fixed maximum value. Higher values indicate greater parasympathetic activity (better outcome).
LF Peak
Time frame: Baseline and Week 12
Change in low-frequency peak (LF Peak) measured using heart rate variability analysis. The outcome is expressed in hertz (Hz). Minimum value: 0 Hz. There is no fixed maximum value.
HF Peak
Time frame: Baseline and Week 12
Change in high-frequency peak (HF Peak) measured using heart rate variability analysis. The outcome is expressed in hertz (Hz). Minimum value: 0 Hz. There is no fixed maximum value.
2 secondary outcomes
Activities of Daily Living
Time frame: Baseline and Week 12
Blood Pressure
Time frame: Baseline and Week 12
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 7 Aug 2026.
- Background: PubMed 35041931Khoury M, Cordina R. Exercise Training for People Living With Fontan Circulation: An Underutilized Intervention. Can J Cardiol. 2022 Jul;38(7):1012-1023. doi: 10.1016/j.cjca.2022.01.008. Epub 2022 Jan 15.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Unilateral Resistance Training and Bilateral Resistance Training in people with Hypertension, run by Hacettepe University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 8 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 7 Aug 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Ceyhun TOPCUOGLU, Dr. (+90 535 653 51 37, ceyhuntopcuoglu1@gmail.com), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Muscle Strength (time frame: Baseline and Week 12). The study lists 11 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07751445, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 7 Aug 2026.