AnxietyNCT07794709
Virtual Reality-Based Breathing Yoga Before Chest Tube Removal After Cardiac Surgery
A study testing Virtual Reality-Based Breathing Yoga in people with Anxiety and Chest Tube Removal, run by Sennur Kula Şahin at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
This randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of virtual reality-based breathing yoga applied before chest tube removal on pain and anxiety in patients after cardiac surgery. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 70 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Anxiety, Chest Tube Removal, Pain After Surgery
- What is being tested?
- Virtual Reality-Based Breathing Yoga
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 52 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 10 Aug 2024to 1 Jan 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 70 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Aged 18-70 years
- Underwent coronary artery bypass grafting or valve surgery
- Willing to participate in the study
- Mobilized and extubated on the second postoperative day
- Able to communicate without cognitive, sensory, or verbal impairment
- No diagnosed psychiatric disorder
Show all 10Show fewer
- No vertigo
- No diagnosis of hypertension and not receiving antihypertensive treatment
- Not receiving sedative or anxiolytic medication
- No major intraoperative or postoperative complications, such as severe bleeding, nausea, or vomiting
Who cannot join
- Remained intubated on the second postoperative day
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu City Hospital
Istanbul, Istanbul, 34010
About this study
Official title: The Effect of Virtual Reality-Based Breathing Yoga Before Chest Tube Removal on Pain and Anxiety in Patients After Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial
This randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of virtual reality-based breathing yoga applied before chest tube removal on pain and anxiety in patients after cardiac surgery. A total of 52 patients with chest tubes were randomly assigned to an intervention group (n=26) or a control group (n=26). Patients in the intervention group watched breathing yoga videos through virtual reality glasses for 15-20 minutes before chest tube removal, while patients in the control group received standard care. Pain was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale, and anxiety was assessed using the Spielberger State Anxiety Inventory. Pain and anxiety levels were evaluated before and after chest tube removal.
Read the detailed description
Chest tube removal after cardiac surgery may cause pain and anxiety. Non-pharmacological approaches such as virtual reality and breathing-based relaxation techniques may help improve patient comfort during invasive procedures.
This prospective, parallel, two-arm, single-center randomized controlled trial evaluated the effect of virtual reality-based breathing yoga before chest tube removal in patients who had undergone cardiac surgery. Eligible participants were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to the intervention or control group.
Participants in the intervention group received a 15-20-minute virtual reality-based breathing yoga intervention before chest tube removal in addition to standard care. Participants in the control group received standard care without the virtual reality intervention. Pain and state anxiety were assessed before and after chest tube removal using the Visual Analog Scale and the Spielberger State Anxiety Inventory, respectively.
- Conditions
- Anxiety, Chest Tube Removal, Pain After Surgery
- Being tested
- Virtual Reality-Based Breathing Yoga
- Keywords
- Virtual Reality, Breathing Yoga, Cardiac Surgery, Pain, Anxiety, Nonpharmacological Intervention
- Medical subject headings
- Anxiety Disorders, Pain
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Virtual Reality-Based Breathing YogaBehavioural
Participants watched breathing yoga videos through virtual reality glasses for 15-20 minutes before chest tube removal. The intervention was provided in addition to standard postoperative care.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Experimental | Virtual Reality-Based Breathing Yoga Receives: Behavioral: Virtual Reality-Based Breathing Yoga |
| 2 | No intervention | Participants received standard care before chest tube removal without the virtual reality-based breathing yoga intervention. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Change in State Anxiety Level
State anxiety was assessed using the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-State subscale (STAI-I). The scale consists of 20 items and yields a total score ranging from 20 to 80, with higher scores indicating higher levels of state anxiety.
Measured: 30 minutes before chest tube removal and 15 minutes after chest tube removal
Secondary outcomes (1)
Change in Pain Intensity
Pain intensity was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Participants indicated their perceived pain intensity on a line anchored from "no pain" to "very severe pain," with higher values indicating greater pain intensity.
Measured: 30 minutes before chest tube removal and 15 minutes after chest tube removal
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted31 Aug 2026
- Study start10 Aug 2024
- Primary completion1 Jan 2025
- Study completion1 Jan 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for AnxietyStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either the virtual reality-based breathing yoga group or the standard care control group.
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 52 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Sennur Kula Şahin
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor-investigator, Sennur Kula Şahin, Istinye University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07794709
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- VR-CTR-2024-01
- Status last verified
- Aug 2026
- First submitted
- 26 Aug 2026
- Last updated
- 31 Aug 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 31 Aug 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effect of Virtual Reality-Based Breathing Yoga Before Chest Tube Removal on Pain and Anxiety in Patients After Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07794709
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- VR-CTR-2024-01
- Conditions
- Anxiety, Chest Tube Removal, Pain After Surgery
- Keywords
- Virtual Reality, Breathing Yoga, Cardiac Surgery, Pain, Anxiety, Nonpharmacological Intervention
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 52 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Sennur Kula ŞahinUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 10 Aug 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Jan 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 1 Jan 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 31 Aug 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of virtual reality-based breathing yoga applied before chest tube removal on pain and anxiety in patients after cardiac surgery. A total of 52 patients with chest tubes were randomly assigned to an intervention group (n=26) or a control group (n=26). Patients in the intervention group watched breathing yoga videos through virtual reality glasses for 15-20 minutes before chest tube removal, while patients in the control group received standard care. Pain was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale, and anxiety was assessed using the Spielberger State Anxiety Inventory. Pain and anxiety levels were evaluated before and after chest tube removal.
Detailed description
Chest tube removal after cardiac surgery may cause pain and anxiety. Non-pharmacological approaches such as virtual reality and breathing-based relaxation techniques may help improve patient comfort during invasive procedures.
This prospective, parallel, two-arm, single-center randomized controlled trial evaluated the effect of virtual reality-based breathing yoga before chest tube removal in patients who had undergone cardiac surgery. Eligible participants were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to the intervention or control group.
Participants in the intervention group received a 15-20-minute virtual reality-based breathing yoga intervention before chest tube removal in addition to standard care. Participants in the control group received standard care without the virtual reality intervention. Pain and state anxiety were assessed before and after chest tube removal using the Visual Analog Scale and the Spielberger State Anxiety Inventory, respectively.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either the virtual reality-based breathing yoga group or the standard care control group.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Experimental | Behavioral: Virtual Reality-Based Breathing YogaVirtual Reality-Based Breathing Yoga |
| 2 | No intervention | –Participants received standard care before chest tube removal without the virtual reality-based breathing yoga intervention. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 70 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (10 listed)
- Aged 18-70 years
- Underwent coronary artery bypass grafting or valve surgery
- Willing to participate in the study
- Mobilized and extubated on the second postoperative day
- Able to communicate without cognitive, sensory, or verbal impairment
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Remained intubated on the second postoperative day
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Virtual Reality-Based Breathing YogaParticipants watched breathing yoga videos through virtual reality glasses for 15-20 minutes before chest tube removal. The intervention was provided in addition to standard postoperative care. | Behavioural | 1 |
Primary outcome
Change in State Anxiety Level
Time frame: 30 minutes before chest tube removal and 15 minutes after chest tube removal
State anxiety was assessed using the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-State subscale (STAI-I). The scale consists of 20 items and yields a total score ranging from 20 to 80, with higher scores indicating higher levels of state anxiety.
1 secondary outcome
Change in Pain Intensity
Time frame: 30 minutes before chest tube removal and 15 minutes after chest tube removal
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 31 Aug 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
Related trials for Anxiety
Not yet recruiting
Effect of Stress Ball Use During Femoral Arterial Sheath Removal After Coronary Angiography
Femoral Arterial Sheath Removal, Stress Ball
Recruiting
Unified Protocol in Penitentiary Facilities
Depression Disorders, Anxiety
Not yet recruiting
Preventive and Personalized Digital Emotion Regulation Skills Intervention to Reduce Depression and Anxiety in Youths With Adverse Childhood Experiences
Adverse Childhood Experience, Depression / Major Depressive Disorder
Recruiting
Effect of a Brief Daily Digital Meditation on Well-Being in US Young Adults (BEGIN II)
Mental Health and General Well-being
Not yet recruitingObservational study
Functional Impact of Psychological Symptoms in Patients With Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence Syndrome (SSCD): a National Cross-sectional Study
Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Virtual Reality-Based Breathing Yoga in people with Anxiety and Chest Tube Removal, run by Sennur Kula Şahin at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 10 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 31 Aug 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Change in State Anxiety Level (time frame: 30 minutes before chest tube removal and 15 minutes after chest tube removal). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 31 Aug 2026.