StrokeNCT07807176
Neuromodulation Combined With Dual FES Cycling and Cognitive Training After Stroke
A study testing Functional Electrical Stimulation Cycling, Cognitive Task Training and Transcutaneous Auricular Photobiomodulation in people with Stroke, run by Chang Gung Memorial Hospital.
Trial summary
This study will evaluate the effects of functional electrical stimulation (FES) cycling, cognitive task training, and non-invasive photobiomodulation on cognitive and upper-limb motor performance in adults after stroke. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 20 to 80 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Stroke
- What is being tested?
- Functional Electrical Stimulation Cycling, Cognitive Task Training and Transcutaneous Auricular Photobiomodulation
- Type of treatment
- Medical device, Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 150 participants
- Where
- No sites listed yet
- Study dates
- 1 Dec 2026to 1 Oct 2028
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 20 to 80 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Adults aged 20 to 80 years.
- First-ever ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke with unilateral impairment in hand or arm strength or motor function.
- Medically stable and able to participate safely in the training program.
- Able to understand the study procedures and sign the informed consent form.
- Able to follow verbal instructions, comply with study procedures, and complete all assessments.
- Able to maintain a seated position and participate in each training session (approximately 40-60 minutes).
Who cannot join
- Stroke involving the brainstem or cerebellum.
- History of epilepsy, photosensitive epilepsy, or a tendency to faint.
- Presence of implanted electronic devices, such as pacemakers, implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICD), or other electronic medical implants (e.g., artificial heart, infusion pumps, cochlear implants).
- Wounds, infections, or significant skin problems at potential stimulation sites (ear or scalp).
- Presence of major psychiatric disorders or inability to understand or cooperate with testing.
- Cardiovascular or vascular-related conditions, including severe heart disease, uncontrolled arrhythmia, or medical advice against exercise; use of anticoagulant medication that makes laser stimulation inappropriate.
Show all 12Show fewer
- Acute illness, such as fever or active infection.
- Botulinum toxin injections or relevant surgeries within the past six months.
- Photosensitive disorders (e.g., lupus, porphyria) or current use of photosensitizing medications.
- Inability to safely perform cycling training (e.g., recent fractures, severe spasticity, difficulty maintaining seated posture).
- Pregnant or breastfeeding individuals.
- Any other condition deemed unsuitable by the study physician (e.g., severe claustrophobia).
Trial locations and contacts
No sites are listed yet. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
About this study
Official title: Exploratory Evaluation of Neuromodulation Combined With Dual Functional Electrical Stimulation Cycling and Cognitive Task Training on Cognitive-Motor Performance in Individuals After Stroke
This study will evaluate the effects of functional electrical stimulation (FES) cycling, cognitive task training, and non-invasive photobiomodulation on cognitive and upper-limb motor performance in adults after stroke. The study includes three stages to identify favorable FES cycling and neuromodulation approaches and to evaluate their combined effects. Participants will complete 10 intervention sessions over 2 weeks. Cognitive and motor outcomes will be assessed before treatment, immediately after treatment, and at 3-month follow-up. Feasibility, tolerance, and adverse events will also be evaluated.
Read the detailed description
This is a three-stage, randomized, sham-controlled study in individuals after stroke. Stage 1 will compare FES cycling alone, FES cycling combined with cognitive task training, and sham FES cycling. Stage 2 will compare photobiomodulation applied to the ear, forehead, and sham stimulation. Stage 3 will evaluate the selected FES cycling and neuromodulation approaches alone and in combination. Participants will complete 10 sessions over 2 weeks. Cognitive, upper-extremity motor, functional, participation, and quality-of-life outcomes will be assessed at baseline, immediately after treatment, and at 3-month follow-up. Feasibility, adherence, tolerance, and adverse events will also be monitored.
- Conditions
- Stroke
- Being tested
- Functional Electrical Stimulation Cycling, Cognitive Task Training, Transcutaneous Auricular Photobiomodulation, Transcutaneous Forehead Photobiomodulation, Sham Functional Electrical Stimulation Cycling
- Keywords
- Functional Electrical Stimulation, FES Cycling, Photobiomodulation, Neuromodulation, Cognitive Task Training, Dual-Task Training, Upper Extremity Rehabilitation, Cognitive-Motor Performance, Stroke Rehabilitation
- Medical subject headings
- Stroke
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Functional Electrical Stimulation CyclingDevice
FES-assisted arm cycling is provided for approximately 40 minutes per session, 5 sessions per week for 2 weeks.
Cognitive Task TrainingBehavioural
Cognitive tasks are performed during FES cycling and progressively target attention, working memory, and executive control.
Transcutaneous Auricular PhotobiomodulationDevice
Photobiomodulation is applied to the outer ear for approximately 20 to 30 minutes.
Transcutaneous Forehead PhotobiomodulationDevice
Photobiomodulation is applied to the forehead for approximately 20 to 30 minutes.
Sham Functional Electrical Stimulation CyclingDevice
Participants receive the sham FES cycling control condition.
Sham PhotobiomodulationDevice
Participants receive the sham photobiomodulation control condition.
Optimal FES Cycling ProtocolOther
The FES cycling condition associated with the most favorable cognitive-motor performance pattern in Stage 1 will be selected for use in Stage 3. The selected protocol will consist of either FES cycling alone or FES cycling combined with cognitive task training.
Optimal Neuromodulation ProtocolDevice
The photobiomodulation condition associated with the most favorable cognitive-motor performance pattern in Stage 2 will be selected for use in Stage 3. The selected protocol will consist of either transcutaneous auricular photobiomodulation (taPBM) or transcutaneous forehead photobiomodulation (tfPBM).
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Stage 1: FES Cycling Alone | Experimental | Participants receive FES-assisted arm cycling. Receives: Device: Functional Electrical Stimulation Cycling |
| Stage 1: Dual-Task FES Cycling | Experimental | Participants receive FES-assisted arm cycling combined with cognitive task training. Receives: Device: Functional Electrical Stimulation Cycling; Behavioral: Cognitive Task Training |
| Stage 1: Sham FES Cycling | Placebo comparator | Participants receive sham FES cycling. Receives: Device: Sham Functional Electrical Stimulation Cycling |
| Stage 2: Auricular Photobiomodulation | Experimental | Participants receive transcutaneous auricular photobiomodulation (taPBM). Receives: Device: Transcutaneous Auricular Photobiomodulation |
| Stage 2: Forehead Photobiomodulation | Experimental | Participants receive transcutaneous forehead photobiomodulation (tfPBM). Receives: Device: Transcutaneous Forehead Photobiomodulation |
| Stage 2: Sham Photobiomodulation | Placebo comparator | Participants receive sham photobiomodulation. Receives: Device: Sham Photobiomodulation |
| Stage 3: Optimal FES Cycling + Sham Neuromodulation | Experimental | Participants receive the optimal FES cycling protocol identified in Stage 1 combined with sham neuromodulation. Receives: Device: Sham Photobiomodulation; Other: Optimal FES Cycling Protocol |
| Stage 3: Optimal Neuromodulation + Sham FES Cycling | Experimental | Participants receive the optimal neuromodulation protocol identified in Stage 2 combined with sham FES cycling. Receives: Device: Sham Functional Electrical Stimulation Cycling; Device: Optimal Neuromodulation Protocol |
| Stage 3: Optimal FES Cycling + Optimal Neuromodulation | Experimental | Participants receive the optimal FES cycling protocol combined with the optimal neuromodulation protocol. Receives: Other: Optimal FES Cycling Protocol; Device: Optimal Neuromodulation Protocol |
| Stage 3: Sham FES Cycling + Sham Neuromodulation | Placebo comparator | Participants receive sham FES cycling combined with sham neuromodulation. Receives: Device: Sham Functional Electrical Stimulation Cycling; Device: Sham Photobiomodulation |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Trail Making Test-Part B (TMT-B)
The TMT-B assesses executive function and cognitive flexibility. Longer completion times indicate poorer executive function and cognitive flexibility.
Measured: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
Intra-Extra Dimensional Shift (IED)
The IED assesses set-shifting ability and cognitive flexibility. Fewer errors indicate better performance.
Measured: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
Rapid Visual Information Processing (RVP)
The RVP assesses sustained attention. Higher accuracy indicates better sustained attention.
Measured: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
Digit Span Test
The Digit Span Test assesses working memory and sustained attention. Higher span scores indicate stronger working memory and sustained attention.
Measured: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Upper Extremity (FMA-UE)
The FMA-UE assesses upper-extremity motor control. Scores range from 0 to 66, with higher scores indicating better motor control.
Measured: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
Action Research Arm Test (ARAT)
The ARAT assesses upper-limb functional performance. Scores range from 0 to 57, with higher scores indicating better upper-limb function.
Measured: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
Secondary outcomes (14)
Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)
The MoCA assesses cognitive functioning across domains including attention, executive function, memory, and visuospatial skills. Scores range from 0 to 30, with higher scores indicating better cognitive functioning.
Measured: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
Trail Making Test-Part A (TMT-A)
The TMT-A assesses processing speed and attention. Longer completion times indicate poorer processing speed and attention.
Measured: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT)
The SDMT assesses processing speed. More correct responses indicate better processing speed.
Measured: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
Spatial Working Memory (SWM)
The SWM assesses working memory. Fewer errors indicate better working memory performance.
Measured: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
Paired Associates Learning (PAL)
The PAL assesses visual learning. Fewer errors indicate better visual learning performance.
Measured: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS)
The MAS assesses muscle spasticity. Scores range from 0 to 4, with higher scores indicating greater spasticity.
Measured: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
Grip and Pinch Dynamometry
Grip and pinch dynamometry measures upper-extremity muscle strength. Higher force output indicates greater muscle strength.
Measured: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
Box and Block Test (BBT)
The BBT assesses gross manual dexterity. More blocks transferred indicate better gross manual dexterity.
Measured: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
Nine-Hole Peg Test (9HPT)
The 9HPT assesses fine motor coordination. Shorter completion times indicate better fine motor coordination.
Measured: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
Motor Activity Log (MAL)
The MAL assesses use of the affected arm in daily activities and perceived quality of movement. Scores range from 0 to 5, with higher ratings indicating greater daily arm use and better movement quality.
Measured: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
ABILHAND Questionnaire
The ABILHAND Questionnaire assesses perceived manual ability in daily activities. Higher logit scores indicate better perceived manual ability.
Measured: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
Functional Independence Measure (FIM)
The FIM assesses functional independence. Scores range from 18 to 126, with higher scores indicating greater functional independence.
Measured: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
Stroke Impact Scale (SIS)
The SIS assesses the impact of stroke on functional recovery. Domain scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better functional recovery.
Measured: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
Stroke-Specific Quality of Life Scale (SS-QOL)
The SS-QOL assesses stroke-specific health-related quality of life. Higher scores indicate better health-related quality of life.
Measured: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted8 Sep 2026
- Study start1 Dec 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion1 Oct 2028 (estimated)
- Study completion1 Oct 2028 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for StrokeStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Chang Gung Memorial HospitalThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 150 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Chia-Ling Chen, Study director, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07807176
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 202502050A3
- Status last verified
- Sep 2026
- First submitted
- 2 Sep 2026
- Last updated
- 5 Nov 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 5 Nov 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Exploratory Evaluation of Neuromodulation Combined With Dual Functional Electrical Stimulation Cycling and Cognitive Task Training on Cognitive-Motor Performance in Individuals After Stroke
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07807176
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 202502050A3
- Conditions
- Stroke
- Keywords
- Functional Electrical Stimulation, FES Cycling, Photobiomodulation, Neuromodulation, Cognitive Task Training, Dual-Task Training, Upper Extremity Rehabilitation, Cognitive-Motor Performance
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Not yet recruiting
- Enrolment
- 150 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Chang Gung Memorial HospitalUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Dec 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- 1 Oct 2028 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 1 Oct 2028 (estimated)
- First posted
- 8 Sep 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study will evaluate the effects of functional electrical stimulation (FES) cycling, cognitive task training, and non-invasive photobiomodulation on cognitive and upper-limb motor performance in adults after stroke. The study includes three stages to identify favorable FES cycling and neuromodulation approaches and to evaluate their combined effects. Participants will complete 10 intervention sessions over 2 weeks. Cognitive and motor outcomes will be assessed before treatment, immediately after treatment, and at 3-month follow-up. Feasibility, tolerance, and adverse events will also be evaluated.
Detailed description
This is a three-stage, randomized, sham-controlled study in individuals after stroke. Stage 1 will compare FES cycling alone, FES cycling combined with cognitive task training, and sham FES cycling. Stage 2 will compare photobiomodulation applied to the ear, forehead, and sham stimulation. Stage 3 will evaluate the selected FES cycling and neuromodulation approaches alone and in combination. Participants will complete 10 sessions over 2 weeks. Cognitive, upper-extremity motor, functional, participation, and quality-of-life outcomes will be assessed at baseline, immediately after treatment, and at 3-month follow-up. Feasibility, adherence, tolerance, and adverse events will also be monitored.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 10
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Stage 1: FES Cycling Alone | Experimental | Device: Functional Electrical Stimulation CyclingParticipants receive FES-assisted arm cycling. |
| Stage 1: Dual-Task FES Cycling | Experimental | Device: Functional Electrical Stimulation Cycling, Behavioral: Cognitive Task TrainingParticipants receive FES-assisted arm cycling combined with cognitive task training. |
| Stage 1: Sham FES Cycling | Placebo comparator | Device: Sham Functional Electrical Stimulation CyclingParticipants receive sham FES cycling. |
| Stage 2: Auricular Photobiomodulation | Experimental | Device: Transcutaneous Auricular PhotobiomodulationParticipants receive transcutaneous auricular photobiomodulation (taPBM). |
| Stage 2: Forehead Photobiomodulation | Experimental | Device: Transcutaneous Forehead PhotobiomodulationParticipants receive transcutaneous forehead photobiomodulation (tfPBM). |
| Stage 2: Sham Photobiomodulation | Placebo comparator | Device: Sham PhotobiomodulationParticipants receive sham photobiomodulation. |
| Stage 3: Optimal FES Cycling + Sham Neuromodulation | Experimental | Device: Sham Photobiomodulation, Other: Optimal FES Cycling ProtocolParticipants receive the optimal FES cycling protocol identified in Stage 1 combined with sham neuromodulation. |
| Stage 3: Optimal Neuromodulation + Sham FES Cycling | Experimental | Device: Sham Functional Electrical Stimulation Cycling, Device: Optimal Neuromodulation ProtocolParticipants receive the optimal neuromodulation protocol identified in Stage 2 combined with sham FES cycling. |
| Stage 3: Optimal FES Cycling + Optimal Neuromodulation | Experimental | Other: Optimal FES Cycling Protocol, Device: Optimal Neuromodulation ProtocolParticipants receive the optimal FES cycling protocol combined with the optimal neuromodulation protocol. |
| Stage 3: Sham FES Cycling + Sham Neuromodulation | Placebo comparator | Device: Sham Functional Electrical Stimulation Cycling, Device: Sham PhotobiomodulationParticipants receive sham FES cycling combined with sham neuromodulation. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 20 to 80 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Adults aged 20 to 80 years.
- First-ever ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke with unilateral impairment in hand or arm strength or motor function.
- Medically stable and able to participate safely in the training program.
- Able to understand the study procedures and sign the informed consent form.
- Able to follow verbal instructions, comply with study procedures, and complete all assessments.
Key exclusion criteria (12 listed)
- Stroke involving the brainstem or cerebellum.
- History of epilepsy, photosensitive epilepsy, or a tendency to faint.
- Presence of implanted electronic devices, such as pacemakers, implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICD), or other electronic medical implants (e.g., artificial heart, infusion pumps, cochlear implants).
- Wounds, infections, or significant skin problems at potential stimulation sites (ear or scalp).
- Presence of major psychiatric disorders or inability to understand or cooperate with testing.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Functional Electrical Stimulation CyclingFES-assisted arm cycling is provided for approximately 40 minutes per session, 5 sessions per week for 2 weeks. | Device | Stage 1: Dual-Task FES Cycling, Stage 1: FES Cycling Alone |
| Cognitive Task TrainingCognitive tasks are performed during FES cycling and progressively target attention, working memory, and executive control. | Behavioural | Stage 1: Dual-Task FES Cycling |
| Transcutaneous Auricular PhotobiomodulationPhotobiomodulation is applied to the outer ear for approximately 20 to 30 minutes. | Device | Stage 2: Auricular Photobiomodulation |
| Transcutaneous Forehead PhotobiomodulationPhotobiomodulation is applied to the forehead for approximately 20 to 30 minutes. | Device | Stage 2: Forehead Photobiomodulation |
| Sham Functional Electrical Stimulation CyclingParticipants receive the sham FES cycling control condition. | Device | Stage 1: Sham FES Cycling, Stage 3: Optimal Neuromodulation + Sham FES Cycling, Stage 3: Sham FES Cycling + Sham Neuromodulation |
| Sham PhotobiomodulationParticipants receive the sham photobiomodulation control condition. | Device | Stage 2: Sham Photobiomodulation, Stage 3: Optimal FES Cycling + Sham Neuromodulation, Stage 3: Sham FES Cycling + Sham Neuromodulation |
| Optimal FES Cycling ProtocolThe FES cycling condition associated with the most favorable cognitive-motor performance pattern in Stage 1 will be selected for use in Stage 3. The selected protocol will consist of either FES cycling alone or FES cycling combined with cognitive task training. | Other | Stage 3: Optimal FES Cycling + Optimal Neuromodulation, Stage 3: Optimal FES Cycling + Sham Neuromodulation |
| Optimal Neuromodulation ProtocolThe photobiomodulation condition associated with the most favorable cognitive-motor performance pattern in Stage 2 will be selected for use in Stage 3. The selected protocol will consist of either transcutaneous auricular photobiomodulation (taPBM) or transcutaneous forehead photobiomodulation (tfPBM). | Device | Stage 3: Optimal FES Cycling + Optimal Neuromodulation, Stage 3: Optimal Neuromodulation + Sham FES Cycling |
Primary outcome
Trail Making Test-Part B (TMT-B)
Time frame: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
The TMT-B assesses executive function and cognitive flexibility. Longer completion times indicate poorer executive function and cognitive flexibility.
Intra-Extra Dimensional Shift (IED)
Time frame: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
The IED assesses set-shifting ability and cognitive flexibility. Fewer errors indicate better performance.
Rapid Visual Information Processing (RVP)
Time frame: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
The RVP assesses sustained attention. Higher accuracy indicates better sustained attention.
Digit Span Test
Time frame: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
The Digit Span Test assesses working memory and sustained attention. Higher span scores indicate stronger working memory and sustained attention.
Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Upper Extremity (FMA-UE)
Time frame: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
The FMA-UE assesses upper-extremity motor control. Scores range from 0 to 66, with higher scores indicating better motor control.
Action Research Arm Test (ARAT)
Time frame: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
The ARAT assesses upper-limb functional performance. Scores range from 0 to 57, with higher scores indicating better upper-limb function.
14 secondary outcomes
Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)
Time frame: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
Trail Making Test-Part A (TMT-A)
Time frame: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT)
Time frame: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
Spatial Working Memory (SWM)
Time frame: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
Paired Associates Learning (PAL)
Time frame: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS)
Time frame: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
Grip and Pinch Dynamometry
Time frame: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
Box and Block Test (BBT)
Time frame: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
Nine-Hole Peg Test (9HPT)
Time frame: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
Motor Activity Log (MAL)
Time frame: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
ABILHAND Questionnaire
Time frame: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
Functional Independence Measure (FIM)
Time frame: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
Stroke Impact Scale (SIS)
Time frame: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
Stroke-Specific Quality of Life Scale (SS-QOL)
Time frame: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 5 Nov 2026.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Chia-Ling Chen study director
Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Functional Electrical Stimulation Cycling, Cognitive Task Training and Transcutaneous Auricular Photobiomodulation in people with Stroke, run by Chang Gung Memorial Hospital.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 12 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: opening soon, as of the sponsor's last update on 5 Nov 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Chia-Ling Chen (+883-3-3281200 ext. 8148, clingchen@gmail.com), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Trail Making Test-Part B (TMT-B) (time frame: Baseline (T0), immediately after the 2-week intervention (T1), and 3-month follow-up (T2).). The study lists 6 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 5 Nov 2026.