Solid TumorsNCT07813000
Physician and Patient Preferences for Cell Therapies in Advanced Solid Tumors
An observational study of Solid Tumors, run by Zhejiang University at 1 site in China.
Trial summary
Cell therapies - including chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy, tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy, T-cell receptor-engineered T-cell (TCR-T) therapy, and natural killer (NK) cell therapy - are emerging treatments for advanced solid tumors. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Solid Tumors
- What is being tested?
- Not applicable- observational study
- Type of treatment
- Injection or infusion
- How many people
- 1,020 participants
- Where
- 1 siteChina
- Study dates
- 1 Sep 2026to 31 Dec 2027
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Study population: Approximately 420 licensed oncology physicians and 600 adult patients with advanced solid tumors will be enrolled in China.
Who may be able to join
- Physicians
- Physicians must meet ALL of the following criteria:
- Hold a valid medical practitioner license issued in the People's Republic of China and currently practice at a medical institution in China;
- Specialize in medical oncology or another specialty directly involved in the diagnosis and treatment of solid tumors (e.g., thoracic oncology, gastrointestinal oncology, genitourinary oncology, or gynecologic oncology; surgical oncologists or radiation oncologists with prescribing authority for systemic anticancer therapy are also eligible);
- Hold a professional title of attending physician or above;
- Have directly participated in systemic treatment decision-making for patients with advanced (unresectable stage III or stage IV) solid tumors within the past 12 months;
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- Have a basic understanding of cell therapies (e.g., CAR-T, TIL, TCR-T, and NK cell therapies) and their therapeutic principles;
- Participate voluntarily and provide electronic informed consent.
- Patients
- Patients must meet ALL of the following criteria:
- Aged 18 years or older;
- Histologically or cytologically confirmed advanced solid tumor (unresectable stage III or stage IV; e.g., non-small cell lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, melanoma, or ovarian cancer);
- Received at least one prior line of systemic anticancer therapy (chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors, or other cellular immunotherapy) in the advanced or metastatic setting;
- Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0-2, with adequate cognitive and physical capacity to complete the questionnaire;
- Able to understand the questionnaire content independently or with assistance from a study coordinator;
- Participate voluntarily and provide electronic informed consent.
Who cannot join
- Physicians
- Physicians meeting ANY of the following criteria will be excluded:
- Individuals engaged exclusively in basic research without direct involvement in clinical patient care;
- Individuals unable, for any reason, to understand the questionnaire content or make independent judgments.
- Patients
- Patients meeting ANY of the following criteria will be excluded:
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- Patients who are unaware of their tumor stage or treatment status;
- Severe cognitive impairment or psychiatric disorders that preclude comprehension of the questionnaire content or independent judgment;
- Estimated life expectancy of less than 3 months as assessed by the treating physician, or insufficient physical capacity to complete the questionnaire;
- Uncontrolled acute illness or other urgent medical conditions that make study participation inadvisable.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Yang Gao, M.D. contact
China1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine
Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000
Yang Gao, M.D., 86-057187237587, gaoyang954@zju.edu.cn
Weijia Fang, M.D.
About this study
Official title: Physician and Patient Preferences for Cell Therapies in Advanced Solid Tumors: A Discrete Choice Experiment
Cell therapies - including chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy, tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy, T-cell receptor-engineered T-cell (TCR-T) therapy, and natural killer (NK) cell therapy - are emerging treatments for advanced solid tumors. However, their benefit-risk profiles remain uncertain: objective response rates in solid tumors are generally low, treatment-related toxicities such as cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) can be severe, and the manufacturing process is lengthy and costly. Little is known about how physicians and patients weigh these benefits, risks, and burdens when considering cell therapy for advanced solid tumors.
This cross-sectional, survey-based observational study will use a discrete choice experiment (DCE) to quantify and compare treatment preferences among approximately 420 oncology physicians and 600 patients with advanced solid tumors in China. Each participant will complete a one-time online questionnaire containing a series of hypothetical treatment choices. The study will estimate the relative importance of key treatment attributes (efficacy, safety, treatment burden, and cost), the maximum acceptable risk that participants are willing to tolerate in exchange for improved efficacy, and differences in preferences between physicians and patients. The findings will inform shared decision-making, cell therapy development, regulatory benefit-risk assessment, and health policy.
Read the detailed description
This is a cross-sectional, questionnaire-based observational study using a discrete choice experiment (DCE) to elicit treatment preferences from oncology physicians and patients with advanced solid tumors. The study is designed and will be reported in accordance with the ISPOR good research practice guidelines for conjoint analysis. DCE attributes and levels will be developed through a structured process combining a literature review, expert consultation, and cognitive pretesting, and will span the efficacy, safety, treatment burden, and cost domains. A D-optimal fractional factorial design will be used to generate the choice tasks; each participant will be randomly assigned to a block of choice tasks, each presenting pairs of unlabeled hypothetical cell therapy profiles. Preference weights (part-worth utilities) will be estimated using random-parameters logit (mixed logit) models. Secondary analyses will examine the relative importance of attributes, maximum acceptable risk (MAR), marginal willingness to pay (mWTP) where applicable, differences in preferences between physicians and patients, and preference heterogeneity using latent class analysis and interaction-term models. Prespecified sensitivity analyses will be conducted to assess the robustness of the findings.
- Conditions
- Solid Tumors
- Being tested
- Not applicable- observational study
- Keywords
- Discrete choice experiment (DCE), Patient preference, Physician preference, Benefit-risk assessment, Cell therapy, CAR-T cell therapy, Advanced solid tumor
- Medical subject headings
- Patient Preference
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Not applicable- observational studyOther
This is an observational study.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Cohort 1: Physicians | Licensed oncology physicians who have participated in systemic treatment decision-making for patients with advanced solid tumors within the past 12 months (approximately 420 participants). Receives: Other: Not applicable- observational study | |
| Cohort 2: Patients | Adults with histologically or cytologically confirmed advanced solid tumors (unresectable stage III or stage IV) who have received at least one prior line of systemic anticancer therapy (approximately 600 participants). Receives: Other: Not applicable- observational study |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Part-worth utility coefficients (preference weights) for cell therapy benefit-risk attributes
Preference weights (part-worth utility coefficients) for all attribute levels will be estimated using a random-parameters logit (mixed logit) model, fitted separately in the physician and patient cohorts. Each coefficient represents the marginal change in utility associated with moving from the reference level to a given attribute level. The unit of measure is the preference weight, reported with 95% confidence intervals; within an attribute, a higher weight indicates a more preferred level.
Measured: Day 1
Secondary outcomes (3)
Difference in preference weights for cell therapy benefit-risk attributes between patients and physicians
Between-group differences in preference weights will be evaluated using the Swait-Louviere scale parameter test, a chi-square test of whether the two groups' choice data can be pooled into a single model, accounting for differences in scale (error variance) between groups. The unit of measure is the chi-square test statistic.
Measured: Day 1
Maximum acceptable risk (MAR) of treatment-related adverse events in exchange for improved efficacy
Maximum acceptable risk (MAR) is the maximum acceptable percentage-point increase in a treatment-related risk that participants are willing to tolerate in exchange for a defined improvement in efficacy. MAR will be calculated from the estimated preference weights as the negative of the ratio between the marginal utility of the efficacy improvement and the marginal disutility of the risk increase from the lowest level of that risk included in the DCE. The unit of measure is percentage points of treatment-related risk.
Measured: Day 1
Marginal willingness to pay (mWTP) for improvements in cell therapy attributes
Marginal willingness to pay (mWTP) will be calculated as the negative ratio of the preference weight of a non-cost attribute level to the coefficient of the cost attribute. The unit of measure is Chinese yuan (CNY), representing the additional out-of-pocket expense participants are willing to pay for a given attribute level relative to its reference level.
Measured: Day 1
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted10 Sep 2026
- Study start1 Sep 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion31 Dec 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion31 Dec 2027 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Solid TumorsStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Zhejiang UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Other
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Enrolment
- 1,020 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Zhejiang University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Weijia Fang, MD, Zhejiang University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07813000
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- CellChoice-DCE-V1.0
- Status last verified
- Sep 2026
- First submitted
- 19 Aug 2026
- Last updated
- 10 Sep 2026
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: All results will be reported in aggregate form (e.g., means with 95% confidence intervals); no individual-level physician or patient data will be disclosed.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 10 Sep 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Physician and Patient Preferences for Cell Therapies in Advanced Solid Tumors: A Discrete Choice Experiment
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07813000
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- CellChoice-DCE-V1.0
- Conditions
- Solid Tumors
- Keywords
- Discrete choice experiment (DCE), Patient preference, Physician preference, Benefit-risk assessment, Cell therapy, CAR-T cell therapy, Advanced solid tumor
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 1,020 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Zhejiang UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Sep 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- 31 Dec 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 31 Dec 2027 (estimated)
- First posted
- 10 Sep 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Cell therapies - including chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy, tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy, T-cell receptor-engineered T-cell (TCR-T) therapy, and natural killer (NK) cell therapy - are emerging treatments for advanced solid tumors. However, their benefit-risk profiles remain uncertain: objective response rates in solid tumors are generally low, treatment-related toxicities such as cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) can be severe, and the manufacturing process is lengthy and costly. Little is known about how physicians and patients weigh these benefits, risks, and burdens when considering cell therapy for advanced solid tumors.
This cross-sectional, survey-based observational study will use a discrete choice experiment (DCE) to quantify and compare treatment preferences among approximately 420 oncology physicians and 600 patients with advanced solid tumors in China. Each participant will complete a one-time online questionnaire containing a series of hypothetical treatment choices. The study will estimate the relative importance of key treatment attributes (efficacy, safety, treatment burden, and cost), the maximum acceptable risk that participants are willing to tolerate in exchange for improved efficacy, and differences in preferences between physicians and patients. The findings will inform shared decision-making, cell therapy development, regulatory benefit-risk assessment, and health policy.
Detailed description
This is a cross-sectional, questionnaire-based observational study using a discrete choice experiment (DCE) to elicit treatment preferences from oncology physicians and patients with advanced solid tumors. The study is designed and will be reported in accordance with the ISPOR good research practice guidelines for conjoint analysis. DCE attributes and levels will be developed through a structured process combining a literature review, expert consultation, and cognitive pretesting, and will span the efficacy, safety, treatment burden, and cost domains. A D-optimal fractional factorial design will be used to generate the choice tasks; each participant will be randomly assigned to a block of choice tasks, each presenting pairs of unlabeled hypothetical cell therapy profiles. Preference weights (part-worth utilities) will be estimated using random-parameters logit (mixed logit) models. Secondary analyses will examine the relative importance of attributes, maximum acceptable risk (MAR), marginal willingness to pay (mWTP) where applicable, differences in preferences between physicians and patients, and preference heterogeneity using latent class analysis and interaction-term models. Prespecified sensitivity analyses will be conducted to assess the robustness of the findings.
Study design
- Observational model
- Other
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Cohort 1: Physicians | – | Other: Not applicable- observational studyLicensed oncology physicians who have participated in systemic treatment decision-making for patients with advanced solid tumors within the past 12 months (approximately 420 participants). |
| Cohort 2: Patients | – | Other: Not applicable- observational studyAdults with histologically or cytologically confirmed advanced solid tumors (unresectable stage III or stage IV) who have received at least one prior line of systemic anticancer therapy (approximately 600 participants). |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- Approximately 420 licensed oncology physicians and 600 adult patients with advanced solid tumors will be enrolled in China.
Key inclusion criteria (16 listed)
- Physicians
- Hold a valid medical practitioner license issued in the People's Republic of China and currently practice at a medical institution in China;
- Specialize in medical oncology or another specialty directly involved in the diagnosis and treatment of solid tumors (e.g., thoracic oncology, gastrointestinal oncology, genitourinary oncology, or gynecologic oncology; surgical oncologists or radiation oncologists with prescribing authority for systemic anticancer therapy are also eligible);
- Hold a professional title of attending physician or above;
- Have directly participated in systemic treatment decision-making for patients with advanced (unresectable stage III or stage IV) solid tumors within the past 12 months;
Key exclusion criteria (10 listed)
- Physicians
- Individuals engaged exclusively in basic research without direct involvement in clinical patient care;
- Individuals unable, for any reason, to understand the questionnaire content or make independent judgments.
- Patients who are unaware of their tumor stage or treatment status;
- Severe cognitive impairment or psychiatric disorders that preclude comprehension of the questionnaire content or independent judgment;
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Not applicable- observational studyThis is an observational study. | Other | Cohort 1: Physicians, Cohort 2: Patients |
Primary outcome
Part-worth utility coefficients (preference weights) for cell therapy benefit-risk attributes
Time frame: Day 1
Preference weights (part-worth utility coefficients) for all attribute levels will be estimated using a random-parameters logit (mixed logit) model, fitted separately in the physician and patient cohorts. Each coefficient represents the marginal change in utility associated with moving from the reference level to a given attribute level. The unit of measure is the preference weight, reported with 95% confidence intervals; within an attribute, a higher weight indicates a more preferred level.
3 secondary outcomes
Difference in preference weights for cell therapy benefit-risk attributes between patients and physicians
Time frame: Day 1
Maximum acceptable risk (MAR) of treatment-related adverse events in exchange for improved efficacy
Time frame: Day 1
Marginal willingness to pay (mWTP) for improvements in cell therapy attributes
Time frame: Day 1
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 10 Sep 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. All results will be reported in aggregate form (e.g., means with 95% confidence intervals); no individual-level physician or patient data will be disclosed.
Related trials for Solid Tumors
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A Study to Assess Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of ABSK043 in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumor
Neoplasms
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A Safety and Efficacy Extension Study of Pertuzumab in Patients With Solid Tumors Previously Enrolled in a Hoffmann-La Roche-Sponsored Pertuzumab Clinical Trial
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IL-12 Genetically Engineered Myeloid Cells in Participants With Relapsed, Refractory Solid Tumors
Relapsed Solid Tumor Malignancies, Refractory Solid Tumor Malignancies
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Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Toxicity Risk Prediction in Solid Tumors
Malignant Solid Neoplasm
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Yang Gao, M.D. contact
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Solid Tumors, run by Zhejiang University at 1 site in China.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 16 inclusion and 10 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 10 Sep 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in China. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Weijia Fang, M.D. (86-057187237587, weijiafang@zju.edu.cn), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Part-worth utility coefficients (preference weights) for cell therapy benefit-risk attributes (time frame: Day 1). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 10 Sep 2026.