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Prostate Cancer AdenocarcinomaNCT07818421

Intratumoral Microbiota and Immune Microenvironment in Prostate Cancer

An observational study of Prostate Cancer Adenocarcinoma, run by Anhui Medical University at 1 site in China.

Not yet recruiting

Opening soon. The study is approved but enrolment has not started yet. Sites may already take enquiries.

Sites and contacts
Official record
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Trial summary

Prostate cancer is a common malignancy in men, with rising incidence worldwide. Current clinical risk assessment tools-including PSA, Gleason score/ISUP grade, pathological stage, margin status, perineural invasion, and postoperative PSA kinetics-cannot fully explain the marked heterogeneity in disease progression… Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 years and older, men only
Conditions the study is for
Prostate Cancer Adenocarcinoma
What is being tested?
Validate spatial localization of candidate microbial signals via 16S rRNA ISH, FISH, immunofluorescence, IHC, and spatial omics.
How many people
100 participants
Where
1 siteChina
Study dates
1 Oct 2026to 1 Oct 2027
Phase
Observational
Are there results?
Not yet: the study is under way

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 years and older
  • Men only
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult, Older adult

Study population: Patients with a pathological confirmation of prostate cancer, or patients who receive care for benign prostatic conditions and can be used as control subjects.

Who may be able to join

  • (1)Age ≥18 years, male.(2)Patients with a pathological diagnosis of prostate cancer, or patients with benign prostatic diseases who undergo diagnostic workup or treatment and are eligible to serve as control samples.(3)Patients who undergo prostate biopsy, transurethral prostate surgery, radical prostatectomy, or other relevant diagnostic or therapeutic procedures at the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University.(4)Have available residual tissue samples, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues, frozen tissues, pathological slides, or existing assay data that can be used for research purposes.(5)Have basic clinicopathological data available; postoperative PSA and follow-up information may be obtained when necessary.(6)For subjects from whom additional residual samples are prospectively collected, or for those who need to be actively contacted for supplementary data, the subject or their legal representative must consent to participate in the study and sign the informed consent form.
  • -

Who cannot join

  • (1)Insufficient sample quantity or sample quality that fails to meet the requirements for the intended assays.(2)Severe deficiency in clinicopathological data, rendering the primary analyses unfeasible.(3)Definite risk of contamination during sample storage, transportation, sectioning, extraction, or library preparation, which cannot be reliably ruled out or eliminated through quality control procedures.(4)The patient explicitly refuses to allow their samples or clinical data to be used for research.(5)Other conditions deemed unsuitable for inclusion by the investigator or the ethics committee.

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.

China1 site
  • Universitythe First Affiliatedhospital of Anhuimedical

    Hefei, Anhui, 230022

    Sheng S Tai, M.D., 86-18355159268 ext. 0551-62922234, Taishengwk@163.com

    Bowen H Li, M.D., 86-18356721482 ext. 0551-62922234, 2534582952@qq.com

Other trials in China

About this study

Official title: Study on the Characteristics of Intratumoral Microbiota in Prostate Cancer and Their Relationship With the Tumor Immune Microenvironment

Prostate cancer is a common malignancy in men, with rising incidence worldwide. Current clinical risk assessment tools-including PSA, Gleason score/ISUP grade, pathological stage, margin status, perineural invasion, and postoperative PSA kinetics-cannot fully explain the marked heterogeneity in disease progression, recurrence, and treatment response, highlighting the need for novel microenvironment-based biomarkers. Emerging evidence has identified intratumoral microbiota as a component of the tumor microenvironment in various solid tumors (e.g., breast, lung, ovarian, pancreatic, and melanoma), where microbial signals correlate with immune infiltration, inflammation, drug metabolism, and patient outcomes. However, the composition, spatial distribution, and immune-related roles of intratumoral microbiota in prostate cancer remain poorly characterized. Given that prostatic tissue resides at the urogenital junction and is continuously exposed to urine, prostatic fluid, and local inflammation, it is plausible that microbial components influence local immunity and tumor behavior. Importantly, intratumoral microbiota represent low-biomass samples, highly susceptible to contamination from reagents, environment, and laboratory procedures. Therefore, this study incorporates rigorous quality controls-including negative controls, process blanks, batch records, contaminant identification, spatial localization validation, and cross-platform verification-to ensure data reliability. Using residual tissue specimens, archived pathological slides, and comprehensive clinicopathological data from prostate cancer patients, we will employ 16S rRNA sequencing, metagenomic/metatranscriptomic sequencing, spatial transcriptomics, spatial proteomics, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and bioinformatic analyses to profile intratumoral microbiota. Our specific objectives are: (1) to compare microbial composition, abundance, and diversity among tumor, adjacent-normal, and benign tissues; (2) to validate spatial localization of candidate microbial signals via in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, and spatial omics; (3) to assess differences in immune cell infiltration, macrophage polarization, T-cell exhaustion markers, and inflammatory pathways between microbe-high and microbe-cold regions; (4) to explore associations between microbial features and Gleason score/ISUP grade, stage, perineural invasion, margin status, postoperative PSA changes, biochemical recurrence, and other clinical outcomes; and (5) to establish a standardized workflow for low-biomass intratumoral microbiome research in prostate cancer. This study aims to provide new insights into microenvironmental heterogeneity and to lay a foundation for identifying prognostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets.

Being tested
Validate spatial localization of candidate microbial signals via 16S rRNA ISH, FISH, immunofluorescence, IHC, and spatial omics.
Keywords
Prostate cancer, Intratumoral microbiota, Tumor immune microenvironment, Spatial omics, Low-biomass microbiome
Medical subject headings
Prostatic Neoplasms

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Validate spatial localization of candidate microbial signals via 16S rRNA ISH, FISH, immunofluorescence, IHC, and spatial omics.Diagnostic test

    Compare microbe-high and microbe-cold areas for differences in immune cell infiltration, macrophage phenotype, T-cell exhaustion/suppression markers, inflammatory factors, and tumor-associated pathways.

Study groups in NCT07818421
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Patients with a pathological diagnosis of prostate cancer, or patients with benign prostatic diseaseNot described
Receives: Diagnostic Test: Validate spatial localization of candidate microbial signals via 16S rRNA ISH, FISH, immunofluorescence, IHC, and spatial omics.

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Biochemical Progression-Free Survival (bPFS)

    Time from initiation of ADT plus ARPI therapy to biochemical progression or deathfrom any cause, whichever occurs first. Biochemical progression is defined as a PSA rise to 0.2ng/mL after having reached an undetectable level, confirmed by a second measurement at least 2weeks apart. Participants without an event will be censored at the date of last follow-up.

    Measured: From treatment initiation until biochemical progression or last follow-up, assessed every 3 months (+1 month) for up to 24 months.

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted14 Sep 2026
  2. Study start1 Oct 2026 (estimated)
  3. Primary completion1 May 2027 (estimated)
  4. Study completion1 Oct 2027 (estimated)

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Observational
Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Other
Enrolment
100 participants (estimated)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT07818421
Sponsor's protocol ID
KY2026-09-84
Status last verified
Sep 2026
First submitted
8 Sep 2026
Last updated
14 Sep 2026
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
Undecided: Genetic information from patients will be analyzed.The research involves genetic/genomic profiling of patient samples.

Publications

  • Eisenhofer R, Minich JJ, Marotz C, Cooper A, Knight R, Weyrich LS. Contamination in Low Microbial Biomass Microbiome Studies: Issues and Recommendations. Trends Microbiol. 2019 Feb;27(2):105-117. doi: 10.1016/j.tim.2018.11.003. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

    PubMed 30497919
  • de Goffau MC, Lager S, Salter SJ, Wagner J, Kronbichler A, Charnock-Jones DS, Peacock SJ, Smith GCS, Parkhill J. Recognizing the reagent microbiome. Nat Microbiol. 2018 Aug;3(8):851-853. doi: 10.1038/s41564-018-0202-y. No abstract available.

    PubMed 30046175
  • Salter SJ, Cox MJ, Turek EM, Calus ST, Cookson WO, Moffatt MF, Turner P, Parkhill J, Loman NJ, Walker AW. Reagent and laboratory contamination can critically impact sequence-based microbiome analyses. BMC Biol. 2014 Nov 12;12:87. doi: 10.1186/s12915-014-0087-z.

    PubMed 25387460
  • Hurst R, Meader E, Gihawi A, Rallapalli G, Clark J, Kay GL, Webb M, Manley K, Curley H, Walker H, Kumar R, Schmidt K, Crossman L, Eeles RA, Wedge DC, Lynch AG, Massie CE; CRUK-ICGC Prostate Group; Yazbek-Hanna M, Rochester M, Mills RD, Mithen RF, Traka MH, Ball RY, O'Grady J, Brewer DS, Wain J, Cooper CS. Microbiomes of Urine and the Prostate Are Linked to Human Prostate Cancer Risk Groups. Eur Urol Oncol. 2022 Aug;5(4):412-419. doi: 10.1016/j.euo.2022.03.006. Epub 2022 Apr 18.

    PubMed 35450835
  • Cavarretta I, Ferrarese R, Cazzaniga W, Saita D, Luciano R, Ceresola ER, Locatelli I, Visconti L, Lavorgna G, Briganti A, Nebuloni M, Doglioni C, Clementi M, Montorsi F, Canducci F, Salonia A. The Microbiome of the Prostate Tumor Microenvironment. Eur Urol. 2017 Oct;72(4):625-631. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2017.03.029. Epub 2017 Apr 20.

    PubMed 28434677
  • Geller LT, Barzily-Rokni M, Danino T, Jonas OH, Shental N, Nejman D, Gavert N, Zwang Y, Cooper ZA, Shee K, Thaiss CA, Reuben A, Livny J, Avraham R, Frederick DT, Ligorio M, Chatman K, Johnston SE, Mosher CM, Brandis A, Fuks G, Gurbatri C, Gopalakrishnan V, Kim M, Hurd MW, Katz M, Fleming J, Maitra A, Smith DA, Skalak M, Bu J, Michaud M, Trauger SA, Barshack I, Golan T, Sandbank J, Flaherty KT, Mandinova A, Garrett WS, Thayer SP, Ferrone CR, Huttenhower C, Bhatia SN, Gevers D, Wargo JA, Golub TR, Straussman R. Potential role of intratumor bacteria in mediating tumor resistance to the chemotherapeutic drug gemcitabine. Science. 2017 Sep 15;357(6356):1156-1160. doi: 10.1126/science.aah5043.

    PubMed 28912244
  • Pushalkar S, Hundeyin M, Daley D, Zambirinis CP, Kurz E, Mishra A, Mohan N, Aykut B, Usyk M, Torres LE, Werba G, Zhang K, Guo Y, Li Q, Akkad N, Lall S, Wadowski B, Gutierrez J, Kochen Rossi JA, Herzog JW, Diskin B, Torres-Hernandez A, Leinwand J, Wang W, Taunk PS, Savadkar S, Janal M, Saxena A, Li X, Cohen D, Sartor RB, Saxena D, Miller G. The Pancreatic Cancer Microbiome Promotes Oncogenesis by Induction of Innate and Adaptive Immune Suppression. Cancer Discov. 2018 Apr;8(4):403-416. doi: 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-17-1134. Epub 2018 Mar 22.

    PubMed 29567829
  • Riquelme E, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Montiel M, Zoltan M, Dong W, Quesada P, Sahin I, Chandra V, San Lucas A, Scheet P, Xu H, Hanash SM, Feng L, Burks JK, Do KA, Peterson CB, Nejman D, Tzeng CD, Kim MP, Sears CL, Ajami N, Petrosino J, Wood LD, Maitra A, Straussman R, Katz M, White JR, Jenq R, Wargo J, McAllister F. Tumor Microbiome Diversity and Composition Influence Pancreatic Cancer Outcomes. Cell. 2019 Aug 8;178(4):795-806.e12. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.07.008.

    PubMed 31398337
  • Sepich-Poore GD, Zitvogel L, Straussman R, Hasty J, Wargo JA, Knight R. The microbiome and human cancer. Science. 2021 Mar 26;371(6536):eabc4552. doi: 10.1126/science.abc4552.

    PubMed 33766858
  • Nejman D, Livyatan I, Fuks G, Gavert N, Zwang Y, Geller LT, Rotter-Maskowitz A, Weiser R, Mallel G, Gigi E, Meltser A, Douglas GM, Kamer I, Gopalakrishnan V, Dadosh T, Levin-Zaidman S, Avnet S, Atlan T, Cooper ZA, Arora R, Cogdill AP, Khan MAW, Ologun G, Bussi Y, Weinberger A, Lotan-Pompan M, Golani O, Perry G, Rokah M, Bahar-Shany K, Rozeman EA, Blank CU, Ronai A, Shaoul R, Amit A, Dorfman T, Kremer R, Cohen ZR, Harnof S, Siegal T, Yehuda-Shnaidman E, Gal-Yam EN, Shapira H, Baldini N, Langille MGI, Ben-Nun A, Kaufman B, Nissan A, Golan T, Dadiani M, Levanon K, Bar J, Yust-Katz S, Barshack I, Peeper DS, Raz DJ, Segal E, Wargo JA, Sandbank J, Shental N, Straussman R. The human tumor microbiome is composed of tumor type-specific intracellular bacteria. Science. 2020 May 29;368(6494):973-980. doi: 10.1126/science.aay9189.

    PubMed 32467386
  • Han B, Zheng R, Zeng H, Wang S, Sun K, Chen R, Li L, Wei W, He J. Cancer incidence and mortality in China, 2022. J Natl Cancer Cent. 2024 Feb 2;4(1):47-53. doi: 10.1016/j.jncc.2024.01.006. eCollection 2024 Mar.

    PubMed 39036382
  • Siegel RL, Giaquinto AN, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2024. CA Cancer J Clin. 2024 Jan-Feb;74(1):12-49. doi: 10.3322/caac.21820. Epub 2024 Jan 17.

    PubMed 38230766
  • Bray F, Laversanne M, Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Soerjomataram I, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2024 May-Jun;74(3):229-263. doi: 10.3322/caac.21834. Epub 2024 Apr 4.

    PubMed 38572751

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

An observational study of Prostate Cancer Adenocarcinoma, run by Anhui Medical University at 1 site in China.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: opening soon, as of the sponsor's last update on 14 Sep 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in China. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

Contact Sheng Tai, M.D. (86-18355159268 ext. 0551-62922234, Taishengwk@163.com), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Biochemical Progression-Free Survival (bPFS) (time frame: From treatment initiation until biochemical progression or last follow-up, assessed every 3 months (+1 month) for up to 24 months.). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07818421, which also lists 13 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 14 Sep 2026.

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