Osteoarthritis (OA)NCT07819955
Comparison of the Pain and Functional Improvement of Combined Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy With or Without Intra-articular Hyaluronic Acid and Platelet-rich Plasma Injection on Advanced Osteoarthritis of the Knees.
A study testing Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy, Normal Saline and Hyaluronic Acid (HA) in people with Osteoarthritis (OA), run by Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at 1 site in Taiwan.
Trial summary
This was a single group, double-blind, randomized clinical trial that enrolled 48 patients with Kellgren-Lawrence grade II to IV osteoarthritis of the knee. Patients were randomly assigned to three groups: Saline + ESWT (S+E group), High Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP + ESWT (P+E group), and Hyaluronic Acid + ESWT (HA +… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 20 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Osteoarthritis (OA)
- What is being tested?
- Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy, Normal Saline and Hyaluronic Acid (HA)
- Type of treatment
- Injection or infusion, Medical device
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 48 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTaiwan
- Study dates
- 4 Aug 2023to 27 Jun 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 20 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Patients aged 20 years and older with phase II, III, or IV osteoarthritis of the knee. The phase of osteoarthritis of the knee is defined according to the Kellgren-Lawrence classification; phase II: Only slight narrowing of the joint cavity, with visible bone spurs.
- phase III: Numerous bone spurs, significant narrowing of the joint cavity, and subchondral cysts visible in the subchondral bone.
- phase IV: Larger and more prominent bone spurs, severe narrowing of the joint cavity, sclerosis of the subchondral bone, and even joint deformities.
Who cannot join
- Pregnant or breastfeeding women.
- Patients with arrhythmia or those with pacemakers.
- Patients with tumors.
- Individuals with coagulation disorders.
- Patients with chronic renal failure (glomerular filtration rate < 60).
- Patients with known allergies to hyaluronic acid, or those with infections or skin diseases.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Taiwan1 site
Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
Kaohsiung City, Kaohsiung, 833401
About this study
This was a single group, double-blind, randomized clinical trial that enrolled 48 patients with Kellgren-Lawrence grade II to IV osteoarthritis of the knee. Patients were randomly assigned to three groups: Saline + ESWT (S+E group), High Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP + ESWT (P+E group), and Hyaluronic Acid + ESWT (HA + ESWT (H+E group). All patients were followed for one year. Assessments included the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), knee X-ray and ultrasound examinations, and functional scores (WOMAC, KOOS, and IKDC).
Read the detailed description
This is a double-blind trial. The first year's work primarily involves patient enrollment, treatment, and evaluation. We anticipate enrollment will take one year; therefore, patients meeting the inclusion criteria will be gradually enrolled during the first year. Upon enrollment, each patient will undergo blood tests, functional assessments, X-rays, and ultrasound examinations as pre-treatment data. After treatment (depending on their assigned group), functional assessments will be performed every three months, and X-rays and ultrasound examinations will be conducted six months later. The entire treatment period for each patient is one year (6 months of treatment + 6 months of follow-up).
Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) is a single high-amplitude sound wave generated by a high-voltage capacitor spark discharge explosion and then focused on the area we want to treat through an elliptical reflector.
Hyaluronic acid is a long-chain polymer composed of disaccharide molecules of D-glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine. It is a major component of the extracellular matrix and is widely present in human body fluids and tissues, including the vitreous humor of the eye and synovial fluid of joints. During osteoarthritis, the concentration and molecular weight of endogenous hyaluronic acid decrease significantly, leading to a decline in its effectiveness in lubricating joints and dispersing intra-articular pressure . Exogenous hyaluronic acid supplementation is effective in anti-inflammatory effects, stimulating the regeneration of endogenous hyaluronic acid, and relieving pain. Current literature confirms that intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid can be considered as a treatment option to relieve osteoarthritis when other conservative treatments are ineffective .
On the other hand, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an emerging treatment option for osteoarthritis of the knee (9). PRP is plasma rich in platelets that can be separated from the patient's own blood using centrifugation. Platelets are organelles in the human body that readily obtain growth factors; therefore, high-concentration platelet plasma also contains many growth factors, including platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and transforming growth factor (TGF). These high concentrations of growth factors can be used to achieve tissue repair and regeneration. Previous literature has also confirmed that PRP can effectively reduce pain and improve function in patients with osteoarthritis. However, the effects of these two treatment methods on cartilage tissue improvement remain inconclusive.
- Conditions
- Osteoarthritis (OA)
- Being tested
- Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy, Normal Saline, Hyaluronic Acid (HA), Platelet-Rich Plasma
- Keywords
- Osteoarthritis, Hyaluronic Acid, Platelet-Rich Plasma, Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy
- Medical subject headings
- Osteoarthritis
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Extracorporeal Shock Wave TherapyDevice
Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT) is a non-invasive, injection-free, and radiation-free treatment method commonly used to treat musculoskeletal disorders. Compared to conventional instrument-based treatments, it can reach deeper tissues. Shock waves can cause microscopic damage to injured or poorly healed tissues, promoting tissue repair, angiogenesis, and pain relief.
Using a Storz Medical shockwave therapy machine at an energy of 0.25 mJ/mm², 4000 shocks were administered each time, followed by three treatments at two-week intervals.
Normal SalineDrug
Physiological saline solution is a mixture of sodium chloride (salt) and water, with a concentration of 0.9%, and its osmotic pressure is equal to that of human body fluids. Because sterile physiological saline solution has a simple composition and its osmotic pressure is similar to that of the human body and it has no pharmacological activity, it is often used as a sham treatment control group.
Hyaluronic Acid (HA)Drug
Hyaluronic acid (also known as hyaluronic acid) is a biological polysaccharide with high water absorption and viscoelasticity. It is a component of the articular cartilage matrix and one of the main components of joint lubricating fluid. Hyaluronic acid in the joint cavity can help joints move smoothly, cushion impacts, and reduce wear and tear between articular cartilage.
Platelet-Rich PlasmaBiological
PRP therapy mainly involves drawing the patient's own blood, centrifuging it at high speed through a special extraction tube to separate platelets, and then injecting the concentrated platelets into the joint cavity. Utilizing the repair and regeneration capabilities of the growth factors abundant in the platelet vesicles, it repairs the worn-out meniscus cartilage, promotes tissue regeneration, and relieves the pain of degenerative knee osteoarthritis.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| ESWT+normal saline | Placebo comparator | Each group received ESWT treatment and an injection of Saline as a placebo to prevent participants from knowing they were in the control group. Receives: Device: Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy; Drug: Normal Saline |
| ESWT+Hyaluronic Acid(HA) | Experimental | This group of patients will receive ESWT and HA injections. Receives: Device: Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy; Drug: Hyaluronic Acid (HA) |
| ESWT+Platelet-Rich Plasma(PRP) | Experimental | This group of patients will receive ESWT and PRP injections. Receives: Device: Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy; Biological: Platelet-Rich Plasma |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
VAS（Visual Analogue Scale）
VAS（Visual Analogue Scale）：Ask the patient to mark the degree of their pain on a 10 cm line, from "no pain" on the far left to "unbearable pain" on the far right. The "Numerical Rating Scale" uses a numerical concept of 0-10 points to express the degree of pain, from no pain (0 points) to very painful (10 points).
Measured: Functional assessments were performed at months 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 of the treatment course.
WOMAC(Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index)
WOMAC is a standardized questionnaire specifically designed to assess the symptoms and functional status of osteoarthritis (degenerative joint disease) of the knee and hip. WOMAC contains 24 items, divided into three categories. Pain (5 items): Assess the degree of pain when walking, climbing stairs, lying down, sitting, or standing. Score range: 0 to 20. Stiffness (2 items): Assess the feeling of stiffness in the joints upon waking in the morning and after resting during the day. Score range: 0 to 8. Physical Function (17 items): Assess the difficulty of performing daily activities such as climbing stairs, getting up, bending over, walking, putting on socks, and doing housework. Score range: 0 to 68.The Likert scale was used for scoring：0 for none, 1 for mild, 2 for moderate, 3 for severe, and 4 for very severe. Total score: The sum of the three scores ranges from 0 to 96. A higher score indicates more severe arthritis symptoms and greater functional impairment.
Measured: Functional assessments were performed at months 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 of the treatment course.
KOOS scale (Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score)
The KOOS scaleis a standardized questionnaire used to assess the subjective symptoms and quality of life of patients with knee injuries and osteoarthritis. KOOS contains 42 items, independently assessing the following five subscales: 1. Pain: Assessing the frequency and severity of knee pain. 2. Other symptoms: Including swelling, clicking, limited extension or flexion, etc. 3. Daily Living Functions : Ease of performing everyday actions such as going down stairs, sitting down, and putting on socks. 4. Sport/Rec: Performance in activities such as running, jumping, kneeling, or squatting.5. Quality of Life : The psychological impact and distress caused by knee condition on daily life. Scoring Method: Each item is scored on a Likert scale from 0 to 4. Score Range: Each of the five categories is calculated independently and converted to a percentage scale from 0 to 100. Score Meaning: 0 represents the worst knee condition, extremely severe; 100 represents no symptoms and excellent knee
Measured: Functional assessments were performed at months 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 of the treatment course.
IKDC (International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form)
IKDC is suitable for patients with various knee joint conditions (such as ligament injuries, meniscus tears, cartilage problems, or osteoarthritis), and is particularly commonly used for sports injuries and post-operative follow-up. It covers three main categories: symptoms (pain, stiffness, swelling, locking, or weakness. Assess three core symptom categories: assess frequency and severity of pain, stiffness, swelling, joint locking, or knee displacement. Assess sports and activities: assess limitations in daily activities (such as climbing stairs, standing up from a chair, squatting) and during movement or jumping. Assess current overall knee function: the patient's rating of their current knee condition compared to before the injury.
Scoring and Interpretation: Score range: 0 to 100. Meaning: Higher scores indicate better function and fewer symptoms; 100 points indicates no symptoms and no limitations in daily life or sports.
Measured: Functional assessments were performed at months 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 of the treatment course.
Secondary outcomes (1)
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
The serum levels of inflammatory factors cytokine IL-6, metabolic inflammatory factor Leptin, cartilage factor COMP (cartilage oligometric protein), osteoinhibitory protein DKK-1 (Dickkopf-1), and cartilage-degrading enzyme MMP-3 (Matrix Metalloproteinase-3) were analyzed.
Measured: Functional assessments were performed at months 0, 6, and 12 of the treatment course.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted15 Sep 2026
- Study start4 Aug 2023
- Primary completion27 Jun 2025
- Study completion27 Jun 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Osteoarthritis (OA)Studies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Chang Gung Memorial HospitalThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Each group will receive ESWT treatment and be injected with different reagents. 1. ESWT+saline 2. ESWT+HA 3. ESWT+PRP
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 48 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07819955
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 202201536A3
- Other IDs
- NSTC112-2314-B-182A-014
- Status last verified
- Aug 2023
- First submitted
- 3 Sep 2026
- Last updated
- 15 Sep 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: Patient privacy and Institutional Review Board regulations
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 15 Sep 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Comparison of the Pain and Functional Improvement of Combined Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy With or Without Intra-articular Hyaluronic Acid and Platelet-rich Plasma Injection on Advanced Osteoarthritis of the Knees.
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07819955
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 202201536A3
- Conditions
- Osteoarthritis (OA)
- Keywords
- Osteoarthritis, Hyaluronic Acid, Platelet-Rich Plasma, Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 48 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Chang Gung Memorial HospitalUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 4 Aug 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 27 Jun 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 27 Jun 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 15 Sep 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This was a single group, double-blind, randomized clinical trial that enrolled 48 patients with Kellgren-Lawrence grade II to IV osteoarthritis of the knee. Patients were randomly assigned to three groups: Saline + ESWT (S+E group), High Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP + ESWT (P+E group), and Hyaluronic Acid + ESWT (HA + ESWT (H+E group). All patients were followed for one year. Assessments included the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), knee X-ray and ultrasound examinations, and functional scores (WOMAC, KOOS, and IKDC).
Detailed description
This is a double-blind trial. The first year's work primarily involves patient enrollment, treatment, and evaluation. We anticipate enrollment will take one year; therefore, patients meeting the inclusion criteria will be gradually enrolled during the first year. Upon enrollment, each patient will undergo blood tests, functional assessments, X-rays, and ultrasound examinations as pre-treatment data. After treatment (depending on their assigned group), functional assessments will be performed every three months, and X-rays and ultrasound examinations will be conducted six months later. The entire treatment period for each patient is one year (6 months of treatment + 6 months of follow-up).
Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) is a single high-amplitude sound wave generated by a high-voltage capacitor spark discharge explosion and then focused on the area we want to treat through an elliptical reflector.
Hyaluronic acid is a long-chain polymer composed of disaccharide molecules of D-glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine. It is a major component of the extracellular matrix and is widely present in human body fluids and tissues, including the vitreous humor of the eye and synovial fluid of joints. During osteoarthritis, the concentration and molecular weight of endogenous hyaluronic acid decrease significantly, leading to a decline in its effectiveness in lubricating joints and dispersing intra-articular pressure . Exogenous hyaluronic acid supplementation is effective in anti-inflammatory effects, stimulating the regeneration of endogenous hyaluronic acid, and relieving pain. Current literature confirms that intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid can be considered as a treatment option to relieve osteoarthritis when other conservative treatments are ineffective .
On the other hand, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an emerging treatment option for osteoarthritis of the knee (9). PRP is plasma rich in platelets that can be separated from the patient's own blood using centrifugation. Platelets are organelles in the human body that readily obtain growth factors; therefore, high-concentration platelet plasma also contains many growth factors, including platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and transforming growth factor (TGF). These high concentrations of growth factors can be used to achieve tissue repair and regeneration. Previous literature has also confirmed that PRP can effectively reduce pain and improve function in patients with osteoarthritis. However, the effects of these two treatment methods on cartilage tissue improvement remain inconclusive.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 3
- Model description
- Each group will receive ESWT treatment and be injected with different reagents. 1. ESWT+saline 2. ESWT+HA 3. ESWT+PRP
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| ESWT+normal saline | Placebo comparator | Device: Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy, Drug: Normal SalineEach group received ESWT treatment and an injection of Saline as a placebo to prevent participants from knowing they were in the control group. |
| ESWT+Hyaluronic Acid(HA) | Experimental | Device: Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy, Drug: Hyaluronic Acid (HA)This group of patients will receive ESWT and HA injections. |
| ESWT+Platelet-Rich Plasma(PRP) | Experimental | Device: Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy, Biological: Platelet-Rich PlasmaThis group of patients will receive ESWT and PRP injections. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 20 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Patients aged 20 years and older with phase II, III, or IV osteoarthritis of the knee. The phase of osteoarthritis of the knee is defined according to the Kellgren-Lawrence classification; phase II: Only slight narrowing of the joint cavity, with visible bone spurs.
- phase III: Numerous bone spurs, significant narrowing of the joint cavity, and subchondral cysts visible in the subchondral bone.
- phase IV: Larger and more prominent bone spurs, severe narrowing of the joint cavity, sclerosis of the subchondral bone, and even joint deformities.
Key exclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Pregnant or breastfeeding women.
- Patients with arrhythmia or those with pacemakers.
- Patients with tumors.
- Individuals with coagulation disorders.
- Patients with chronic renal failure (glomerular filtration rate < 60).
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Extracorporeal Shock Wave TherapyExtracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT) is a non-invasive, injection-free, and radiation-free treatment method commonly used to treat musculoskeletal disorders. Compared to conventional instrument-based treatments, it can reach deeper tissues. Shock waves can cause microscopic damage to injured or poorly healed tissues, promoting tissue repair, angiogenesis, and pain relief. Using a Storz Medical shockwave therapy machine at an energy of 0.25 mJ/mm², 4000 shocks were administered each time, followed by three treatments at two-week intervals. | Device | ESWT+Hyaluronic Acid(HA), ESWT+Platelet-Rich Plasma(PRP), ESWT+normal saline |
| Normal SalinePhysiological saline solution is a mixture of sodium chloride (salt) and water, with a concentration of 0.9%, and its osmotic pressure is equal to that of human body fluids. Because sterile physiological saline solution has a simple composition and its osmotic pressure is similar to that of the human body and it has no pharmacological activity, it is often used as a sham treatment control group. | Drug | ESWT+normal saline |
| Hyaluronic Acid (HA)Hyaluronic acid (also known as hyaluronic acid) is a biological polysaccharide with high water absorption and viscoelasticity. It is a component of the articular cartilage matrix and one of the main components of joint lubricating fluid. Hyaluronic acid in the joint cavity can help joints move smoothly, cushion impacts, and reduce wear and tear between articular cartilage. | Drug | ESWT+Hyaluronic Acid(HA) |
| Platelet-Rich PlasmaPRP therapy mainly involves drawing the patient's own blood, centrifuging it at high speed through a special extraction tube to separate platelets, and then injecting the concentrated platelets into the joint cavity. Utilizing the repair and regeneration capabilities of the growth factors abundant in the platelet vesicles, it repairs the worn-out meniscus cartilage, promotes tissue regeneration, and relieves the pain of degenerative knee osteoarthritis. | Biological | ESWT+Platelet-Rich Plasma(PRP) |
Primary outcome
VAS（Visual Analogue Scale）
Time frame: Functional assessments were performed at months 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 of the treatment course.
VAS（Visual Analogue Scale）：Ask the patient to mark the degree of their pain on a 10 cm line, from "no pain" on the far left to "unbearable pain" on the far right. The "Numerical Rating Scale" uses a numerical concept of 0-10 points to express the degree of pain, from no pain (0 points) to very painful (10 points).
WOMAC(Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index)
Time frame: Functional assessments were performed at months 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 of the treatment course.
WOMAC is a standardized questionnaire specifically designed to assess the symptoms and functional status of osteoarthritis (degenerative joint disease) of the knee and hip. WOMAC contains 24 items, divided into three categories. Pain (5 items): Assess the degree of pain when walking, climbing stairs, lying down, sitting, or standing. Score range: 0 to 20. Stiffness (2 items): Assess the feeling of stiffness in the joints upon waking in the morning and after resting during the day. Score range: 0 to 8. Physical Function (17 items): Assess the difficulty of performing daily activities such as climbing stairs, getting up, bending over, walking, putting on socks, and doing housework. Score range: 0 to 68.The Likert scale was used for scoring：0 for none, 1 for mild, 2 for moderate, 3 for severe, and 4 for very severe. Total score: The sum of the three scores ranges from 0 to 96. A higher score indicates more severe arthritis symptoms and greater functional impairment.
KOOS scale (Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score)
Time frame: Functional assessments were performed at months 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 of the treatment course.
The KOOS scaleis a standardized questionnaire used to assess the subjective symptoms and quality of life of patients with knee injuries and osteoarthritis. KOOS contains 42 items, independently assessing the following five subscales: 1. Pain: Assessing the frequency and severity of knee pain. 2. Other symptoms: Including swelling, clicking, limited extension or flexion, etc. 3. Daily Living Functions : Ease of performing everyday actions such as going down stairs, sitting down, and putting on socks. 4. Sport/Rec: Performance in activities such as running, jumping, kneeling, or squatting.5. Quality of Life : The psychological impact and distress caused by knee condition on daily life. Scoring Method: Each item is scored on a Likert scale from 0 to 4. Score Range: Each of the five categories is calculated independently and converted to a percentage scale from 0 to 100. Score Meaning: 0 represents the worst knee condition, extremely severe; 100 represents no symptoms and excellent knee
IKDC (International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form)
Time frame: Functional assessments were performed at months 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 of the treatment course.
IKDC is suitable for patients with various knee joint conditions (such as ligament injuries, meniscus tears, cartilage problems, or osteoarthritis), and is particularly commonly used for sports injuries and post-operative follow-up. It covers three main categories: symptoms (pain, stiffness, swelling, locking, or weakness. Assess three core symptom categories: assess frequency and severity of pain, stiffness, swelling, joint locking, or knee displacement. Assess sports and activities: assess limitations in daily activities (such as climbing stairs, standing up from a chair, squatting) and during movement or jumping. Assess current overall knee function: the patient's rating of their current knee condition compared to before the injury. Scoring and Interpretation: Score range: 0 to 100. Meaning: Higher scores indicate better function and fewer symptoms; 100 points indicates no symptoms and no limitations in daily life or sports.
1 secondary outcome
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Time frame: Functional assessments were performed at months 0, 6, and 12 of the treatment course.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 15 Sep 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. Patient privacy and Institutional Review Board regulations
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy, Normal Saline and Hyaluronic Acid (HA) in people with Osteoarthritis (OA), run by Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at 1 site in Taiwan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 6 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 15 Sep 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Taiwan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
VAS（Visual Analogue Scale） (time frame: Functional assessments were performed at months 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 of the treatment course.). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 15 Sep 2026.