Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM)NCT07830082
Drawing and Writing Activities in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes
A study testing Drawing and Writing Intervention in people with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) and Anxiety, run by Gazi University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effects of drawing and writing activities on anxiety and positive and negative affect in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. A total of 50 adolescents aged 9 to 18 years will be randomly assigned to either the intervention or the control group. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 9 to 18 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM), Anxiety
- What is being tested?
- Drawing and Writing Intervention
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 50 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 6 Apr 2026to 31 Dec 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 9 to 18 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child, Adult
Inclusion Criteria Adolescents aged 9 to 18 years. Diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus for at least 6 months. Using an insulin infusion pump. Having access to the internet via a smartphone or computer. Able to understand the study procedures and complete the study questionnaires. Providing written informed assent, with written informed consent obtained from a parent or legal guardian.
Exclusion Criteria Experience of a major life event (e.g., parental divorce, death of a family member, or relocation) within the past 6 months.
Use of a continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) sensor. Diagnosis of a severe psychiatric disorder. Participation in an art-based education or training program within the past 6 months
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Ankara Bilkent City Hospital
Ankara, Ankara, 06500
Cigdem SARI OZTURK, PhD, +90 312 216 26 63, cigdemsari@gazi.edu.tr
cigdem Sari Ozturk, PhD
About this study
Official title: Effect of Art-Based Drawing and Writing Activities on Anxiety and Positive and Negative Affect in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes: A Parallel-Group Randomized Controlled Trial
This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effects of drawing and writing activities on anxiety and positive and negative affect in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. A total of 50 adolescents aged 9 to 18 years will be randomly assigned to either the intervention or the control group. Participants in the intervention group will take part in a five-day online drawing and writing program, while the control group will receive standard care. Anxiety and positive and negative affect will be assessed before and after the intervention using validated questionnaires. The findings may provide evidence for the use of art-based interventions to support the psychological well-being of adolescents with type 1 diabetes.
Read the detailed description
Type 1 diabetes is a chronic condition that requires lifelong disease management and may adversely affect the emotional well-being of adolescents. In addition to the physical burden of treatment, adolescents with type 1 diabetes may experience anxiety and fluctuations in positive and negative emotions. Creative, non-pharmacological interventions may facilitate emotional expression and promote psychological adjustment during adolescence.
The aim of this randomized controlled trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of a structured drawing and writing program on anxiety and positive and negative affect in adolescents with type 1 diabetes.
The study is designed as a single-blind, parallel-group randomized controlled trial. Eligible adolescents aged 9 to 18 years with type 1 diabetes will be randomly assigned to either the intervention group or the control group. Participants in the intervention group will receive a structured five-day drawing and writing program in addition to standard diabetes care. The intervention is designed to encourage emotional expression through creative activities, including guided drawing, emotion-focused drawing exercises, and brief reflective writing tasks. Each session will last approximately 25 to 30 minutes and will be delivered individually using standardized instructions.
Participants in the control group will receive standard diabetes care without the drawing and writing intervention.
The primary outcome is anxiety. Secondary outcomes include positive affect and negative affect. Outcome measures will be assessed at baseline and immediately after completion of the intervention using validated self-report instruments.
The findings of this study are expected to provide evidence regarding the effectiveness of an art-based psychosocial intervention for improving the emotional well-being of adolescents living with type 1 diabetes.
- Conditions
- Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM), Anxiety
- Being tested
- Drawing and Writing Intervention
- Keywords
- Type 1 diabetes, Adolescents, Art-based intervention, anxiety, drawing
- Medical subject headings
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Anxiety Disorders
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Drawing and Writing InterventionOther
Participants assigned to the intervention group will receive a structured drawing and writing intervention in addition to standard diabetes care. The intervention consists of five individual sessions conducted over five consecutive days, each lasting approximately 25-30 minutes. Guided activities include drawing, emotion-focused art exercises, and brief reflective writing designed to facilitate emotional expression and coping with type 1 diabetes. All sessions are delivered individually by the same trained researcher using standardized instructions.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Drawing and Writing Intervention | Experimental | Participants in the experimental group will receive a structured five-day drawing and writing intervention in addition to standard diabetes care. The program consists of individual, guided art-based activities designed to facilitate emotional expression and reflection on living with type 1 diabetes. Each daily session will last approximately 25-30 minutes and includes drawing, emotion-focused creative activities, and brief reflective writing. All sessions will be delivered individually by the same trained researcher using standardized instructions. Receives: Other: Drawing and Writing Intervention |
| Standard care | No intervention | Participants in the control group will receive standard diabetes care routinely provided at the pediatric endocrinology clinic. They will not participate in the structured drawing and writing intervention during the study period. Outcome assessments will be conducted at the same time points as in the intervention group. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
State Anxiety
State anxiety will be assessed using the State Anxiety Inventory for Children (SAIC). The SAIC is a validated self-report instrument consisting of 20 items scored on a 3-point Likert scale. Total scores range from 20 to 60, with higher scores indicating greater state anxiety.
Measured: Baseline (Day 1, before the intervention) and immediately after completion of the intervention (Day 5).
State Anxiety
State anxiety will be assessed using the State Anxiety Inventory for Children (SAIC). Scores range from 20 to 60, with higher scores indicating greater state anxiety.
Measured: Baseline and Day 5 (immediately after completion of the intervention)
Secondary outcomes (2)
Positive Affect
Positive affect will be assessed using the Short Positive and Negative Affect Scale for Children (PANAS-C-SF). Higher scores indicate greater positive affect.
Measured: Baseline and Day 5 (immediately after completion of the intervention)
Negative Affect
Negative affect will be assessed using the Short Positive and Negative Affect Scale for Children (PANAS-C-SF). Higher scores indicate greater negative affect.
Measured: Baseline and Day 5 (immediately after completion of the intervention)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted21 Sep 2026
- Study start6 Apr 2026
- Primary completion31 Dec 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion31 Dec 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM)Studies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Gazi UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Participants will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either the intervention group or the control group. The intervention group will receive a structured five-day drawing and writing program in addition to standard care, whereas the control group will receive standard care alone. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline and immediately after completion of the intervention
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 50 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Gazi University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Çiğdem Sarı Öztürk, Gazi University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07830082
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- Gazi University
- Status last verified
- Sep 2026
- First submitted
- 15 Sep 2026
- Last updated
- 21 Sep 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: Individual participant data will not be made publicly available because of privacy and confidentiality considerations and the lack of participant consent for public data sharing.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 21 Sep 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effect of Art-Based Drawing and Writing Activities on Anxiety and Positive and Negative Affect in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes: A Parallel-Group Randomized Controlled Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07830082
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- Gazi University
- Conditions
- Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM), Anxiety
- Keywords
- Type 1 diabetes, Adolescents, Art-based intervention, anxiety, drawing
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 50 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Gazi UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 6 Apr 2026 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 31 Dec 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 31 Dec 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 21 Sep 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effects of drawing and writing activities on anxiety and positive and negative affect in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. A total of 50 adolescents aged 9 to 18 years will be randomly assigned to either the intervention or the control group. Participants in the intervention group will take part in a five-day online drawing and writing program, while the control group will receive standard care. Anxiety and positive and negative affect will be assessed before and after the intervention using validated questionnaires. The findings may provide evidence for the use of art-based interventions to support the psychological well-being of adolescents with type 1 diabetes.
Detailed description
Type 1 diabetes is a chronic condition that requires lifelong disease management and may adversely affect the emotional well-being of adolescents. In addition to the physical burden of treatment, adolescents with type 1 diabetes may experience anxiety and fluctuations in positive and negative emotions. Creative, non-pharmacological interventions may facilitate emotional expression and promote psychological adjustment during adolescence.
The aim of this randomized controlled trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of a structured drawing and writing program on anxiety and positive and negative affect in adolescents with type 1 diabetes.
The study is designed as a single-blind, parallel-group randomized controlled trial. Eligible adolescents aged 9 to 18 years with type 1 diabetes will be randomly assigned to either the intervention group or the control group. Participants in the intervention group will receive a structured five-day drawing and writing program in addition to standard diabetes care. The intervention is designed to encourage emotional expression through creative activities, including guided drawing, emotion-focused drawing exercises, and brief reflective writing tasks. Each session will last approximately 25 to 30 minutes and will be delivered individually using standardized instructions.
Participants in the control group will receive standard diabetes care without the drawing and writing intervention.
The primary outcome is anxiety. Secondary outcomes include positive affect and negative affect. Outcome measures will be assessed at baseline and immediately after completion of the intervention using validated self-report instruments.
The findings of this study are expected to provide evidence regarding the effectiveness of an art-based psychosocial intervention for improving the emotional well-being of adolescents living with type 1 diabetes.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Participants will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either the intervention group or the control group. The intervention group will receive a structured five-day drawing and writing program in addition to standard care, whereas the control group will receive standard care alone. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline and immediately after completion of the intervention
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Drawing and Writing Intervention | Experimental | Other: Drawing and Writing InterventionParticipants in the experimental group will receive a structured five-day drawing and writing intervention in addition to standard diabetes care. The program consists of individual, guided art-based activities designed to facilitate emotional expression and reflection on living with type 1 diabetes. Each daily session will last approximately 25-30 minutes and includes drawing, emotion-focused creative activities, and brief reflective writing. All sessions will be delivered individually by the same trained researcher using standardized instructions. |
| Standard care | No intervention | –Participants in the control group will receive standard diabetes care routinely provided at the pediatric endocrinology clinic. They will not participate in the structured drawing and writing intervention during the study period. Outcome assessments will be conducted at the same time points as in the intervention group. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 9 to 18 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Drawing and Writing InterventionParticipants assigned to the intervention group will receive a structured drawing and writing intervention in addition to standard diabetes care. The intervention consists of five individual sessions conducted over five consecutive days, each lasting approximately 25-30 minutes. Guided activities include drawing, emotion-focused art exercises, and brief reflective writing designed to facilitate emotional expression and coping with type 1 diabetes. All sessions are delivered individually by the same trained researcher using standardized instructions. | Other | Drawing and Writing Intervention |
Primary outcome
State Anxiety
Time frame: Baseline (Day 1, before the intervention) and immediately after completion of the intervention (Day 5).
State anxiety will be assessed using the State Anxiety Inventory for Children (SAIC). The SAIC is a validated self-report instrument consisting of 20 items scored on a 3-point Likert scale. Total scores range from 20 to 60, with higher scores indicating greater state anxiety.
State Anxiety
Time frame: Baseline and Day 5 (immediately after completion of the intervention)
State anxiety will be assessed using the State Anxiety Inventory for Children (SAIC). Scores range from 20 to 60, with higher scores indicating greater state anxiety.
2 secondary outcomes
Positive Affect
Time frame: Baseline and Day 5 (immediately after completion of the intervention)
Negative Affect
Time frame: Baseline and Day 5 (immediately after completion of the intervention)
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 21 Sep 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. Individual participant data will not be made publicly available because of privacy and confidentiality considerations and the lack of participant consent for public data sharing.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Drawing and Writing Intervention in people with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) and Anxiety, run by Gazi University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 21 Sep 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Çiğdem SARI ÖZTÜRK, PhD (90 312 216 26 63, cigdemsari@gazi.edu.tr), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
State Anxiety (time frame: Baseline (Day 1, before the intervention) and immediately after completion of the intervention (Day 5).). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 21 Sep 2026.