Subjective Well-beingNCT07856953
Online Interactive Meditation Training Enhances Well-being in Older Adults
A study testing online interactive meditation training group in people with Subjective Well-being and Self-Compassion, run by Beijing Normal University at 1 site in China.
Trial summary
Objective: This study examines the effects of online interactive meditation training on well-being in older adults. Methods: Older adults were assigned to either an online interactive meditation training group or an active control group learning about healthy aging. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 60 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Subjective Well-being, Self-Compassion, Meaning of Life
- What is being tested?
- online interactive meditation training group
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 213 participants
- Where
- 1 siteChina
- Study dates
- 10 Sep 2023to 30 Jan 2024
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 60 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Age ≥60 years Able to complete 14-day course training within 21 days (15-20 minutes/day, self-scheduled) Willing to complete 3 research questionnaires on time Smartphone user with WeChat proficiency
Who cannot join
- History of diagnosed mental illness/psychological disorder Presence of noticeable mental abnormalities
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Objective: This study examines the effects of online interactive meditation training on well-being in older adults.
Methods: Older adults were assigned to either an online interactive meditation training group or an active control group learning about healthy aging. Participants completed measures of mindfulness, self-compassion, subjective well-being, and sense of meaning at pre-test, post-test, and three-week follow-up.
Read the detailed description
Research Background：With the global aging population, mental health issues among older adults have become increasingly prominent. While traditional meditation interventions show promise in enhancing well-being, there is a lack of systematic research on online integrated interventions (combining mindfulness meditation and loving-kindness meditation) specifically designed for older adults. This randomized controlled trial examines the effects of an interactive online meditation program on older adults' well-being, sense of life meaning, and psychological resilience.
Research Methods：
- Study Design： A parallel-group randomized controlled design was used, with 213 participants aged 60+ equally assigned to either the intervention group (online integrated meditation program) or active control group (healthy aging education program). The 8-week intervention included three 30-minute live interactive sessions per week.
- Intervention Components：
Core Modules:
Mindfulness Meditation (MM): Body scan and breath awareness exercises Loving-Kindness Meditation (LKCM): Self-compassion cultivation and positive emotion guidance Implementation：Online intervention program adopted an interactive course format, offering distinct advantages over traditional passive learning methods. This approach fosters real-time communication and engagement, empowering participants to take an active role in their learning. By allowing individuals to control their pace, the format enhances attention and motivation while accommodating unique needs and learning capacities.
Outcome Measures： Subjective Well-being Scale, SWLS Meaning in Life Questionnaire, MLQ Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, MAAS Self-Compassion Scale, SCS Process Data:： Daily assessments of momentary well-being and meaning via EMA electronic diaries.
Statistical Analysis： Mixed-effects models were used for repeated measures data analysis, with primary analyses following intention-to-treat (ITT) principles.
Implications： Demonstrates for the first time the sustained benefits of online integrated meditation for older adults' mental health, providing evidence for accessible remote interventions. Limitations include sample homogeneity, necessitating future cross-cultural validation.
- Conditions
- Subjective Well-being, Self-Compassion, Meaning of Life
- Being tested
- online interactive meditation training group, An active control group learning about knowledge related to healthy aging
- Keywords
- online intervention, meditation, mindfulness, loving-kindness and compassion meditation
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
online interactive meditation training groupBehavioural
106 elderly people study a mindfulness + loving-kindness and compassion meditation (MM + LKCM) training program (14 courses) under the online interactive meditation for 14 days
An active control group learning about knowledge related to healthy agingBehavioural
107 elderly people study about knowledge related to healthy aging for 14 days
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| online interactive meditation training group | Experimental | 106 elderly people in the experimental group participated in a 14 day interactive mindfulness and compassion meditation course. All participants completed measures of subjective well-being, sense of life meaning, mindfulness, and self-compassion at pre-test, post-test, and a three-week follow-up. Daily assessments of subjective well-being and sense of life meaning were also collected throughout the intervention period. Receives: Behavioral: online interactive meditation training group |
| An active control group learning about knowledge related to healthy aging | Active comparator | 107 elderly individuals in the active control group participated in a 14 day knowledge related to health aging course. All participants completed measures of subjective well-being, sense of life meaning, mindfulness, and self-compassion at pre-test, post-test, and a three-week follow-up. Daily assessments of subjective well-being and sense of life meaning were also collected throughout the intervention period. Receives: Behavioral: An active control group learning about knowledge related to healthy aging |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Self-Compassion Scale (SCS)
The Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) will be administered using a 5-point Likert scale (1=nearly never to 5=nearly always). The total score will be calculated by summing all items (range 26-130)
Measured: From baseline to 3 weeks post-intervention, and 3 weeks after the intervention
Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS)
The Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) will be administered using a 7-point Likert scale (1=strongly disagree to 7=strongly agree). The total score will be calculated by summing all items (range 5-35)
Measured: From baseline to 3 weeks post-intervention, and 3 weeks after the intervention
Subjective Well-being Total Score
subjective well-being was calculated as the composite Z score of life satisfaction, positive affect, and negative affect. Life satisfaction was measured using the 5-item Satisfaction with Life Scale with a 7-point rating scale (1 = "strongly disagree" to 7 = "strongly agree"). Positive and negative affect were measured using the 24-item Emotional Words List (Lee et al., 2013) with a 7-point rating scale (1 = "never" to 7 = "always").
Measured: Baseline (pre-test), post-intervention (3 weeks), 3-week follow-up
Life Meaning
Measurement Tool: Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ) Scoring: 7-point Likert scale (1=absolutely untrue to 7=absolutely true), two subscales: Presence and Search
Measured: Baseline (pre-test), post-intervention (8 weeks), 3-week follow-up
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted5 Oct 2026
- Study start10 Sep 2023
- Primary completion1 Jan 2024
- Study completion30 Jan 2024
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (22)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Subjective Well-beingStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 213 older adults, who were assigned to either an online interactive meditation intervention group or an active control group learning about knowledge related to healthy aging. Participants completed measures of subjective well-being, sense of life meaning, mindfulness, and self-compassion at pre-test, post-test, and a three-week follow-up. Daily assessments of subjective well-being and sense of life meaning were also collected throughout the intervention period.
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 213 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Beijing Normal University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Xiaomin Chang, Master, Principal investigator, Beijing Normal UniversityZeng Xianglong, Ph.D, Study chair, Beijing Normal UniversityXianmin Gong, Ph.D, Study director, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07856953
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- BNU202310240159
- Status last verified
- Nov 2024
- First submitted
- 25 Nov 2024
- Last updated
- 5 Oct 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: Data content: * Individual participant data collected during the trial * Study-level data (metadata) * Data dictionaries
Publications
Cardoso R, de Souza E, Camano L, Leite JR. Meditation in health: an operational definition. Brain Res Brain Res Protoc. 2004 Nov;14(1):58-60. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresprot.2004.09.002.
PubMed 15519952Bates, D., Maechler, M., Bolker, B., Walker, S., Christensen, R., Singmann, H., & Grothendieck, G. (2015). lme4: Linear mixed-effects models using Eigen and S4 (1.1-8).
Zollars I, Poirier TI, Pailden J. Effects of mindfulness meditation on mindfulness, mental well-being, and perceived stress. Curr Pharm Teach Learn. 2019 Oct;11(10):1022-1028. doi: 10.1016/j.cptl.2019.06.005. Epub 2019 Aug 7.
PubMed 31685171Zheng Y, Zhou J, Zeng X, Jiang M, Oei TPS. A New Second-Generation Mindfulness-Based Intervention Focusing on Well-Being: A Randomized Control Trial of Mindfulness-Based Positive Psychology. J Happiness Stud. 2022;23(6):2703-2724. doi: 10.1007/s10902-022-00525-2. Epub 2022 Apr 2.
PubMed 35399579Zeng, X., Wang, R., Oei, T. P. S., & Leung, F. Y. K. (2019). Heart of Joy: a Randomized Controlled Trail Evaluating the Effect of an Appreciative Joy Meditation Training on Subjective Well-Being and Attitudes. Mindfulness, 10(3), 506-515.
Zeng X, Li M, Zhang B, Liu X. Revision of the Philadelphia Mindfulness Scale for measuring awareness and equanimity in Goenka's Vipassana meditation with Chinese Buddhists. J Relig Health. 2015 Apr;54(2):623-37. doi: 10.1007/s10943-014-9870-y.
PubMed 24824919Zeng X, Chiu CP, Wang R, Oei TP, Leung FY. The effect of loving-kindness meditation on positive emotions: a meta-analytic review. Front Psychol. 2015 Nov 3;6:1693. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01693. eCollection 2015.
PubMed 26579061Zeng X, Zheng Y, Gu X, Wang R, Oei TP. Meditation Quality Matters: Effects of Loving-Kindness and Compassion Meditations on Subjective Well-being are Associated with Meditation Quality. J Happiness Stud. 2023;24(1):211-229. doi: 10.1007/s10902-022-00582-7. Epub 2022 Nov 5.
PubMed 36373088Walsh KM, Saab BJ, Farb NA. Effects of a Mindfulness Meditation App on Subjective Well-Being: Active Randomized Controlled Trial and Experience Sampling Study. JMIR Ment Health. 2019 Jan 8;6(1):e10844. doi: 10.2196/10844.
PubMed 30622094Wahbeh H. Internet Mindfulness Meditation Intervention (IMMI) Improves Depression Symptoms in Older Adults. Medicines (Basel). 2018 Nov 2;5(4):119. doi: 10.3390/medicines5040119.
PubMed 30400211Rosenzweig D. The sisters of mindfulness. J Clin Psychol. 2013 Aug;69(8):793-804. doi: 10.1002/jclp.22015. Epub 2013 Jun 17.
PubMed 23775372Raes F, Pommier E, Neff KD, Van Gucht D. Construction and factorial validation of a short form of the Self-Compassion Scale. Clin Psychol Psychother. 2011 May-Jun;18(3):250-5. doi: 10.1002/cpp.702. Epub 2010 Jun 8.
PubMed 21584907R Core Team, R. (2013). R: A language and environment for statistical computing.
Pandya SP. Meditation program mitigates loneliness and promotes wellbeing, life satisfaction and contentment among retired older adults: a two-year follow-up study in four South Asian cities. Aging Ment Health. 2021 Feb;25(2):286-298. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2019.1691143. Epub 2019 Nov 22.
PubMed 31755300Malaktaris A, McLean CL, Casmar P, Kangas J, Myers H, Chu G, Phillips RC, Maglione JE, Palmer BW, Lang AJ. Compassion Meditation for Distressed Older Veterans: A Feasibility Study. Clin Gerontol. 2025 Jul-Sep;48(4):816-827. doi: 10.1080/07317115.2024.2322056. Epub 2024 Feb 26.
PubMed 38409790
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 5 Oct 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Online Interactive Meditation Training Enhances Well-being in Older Adults
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07856953
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- BNU202310240159
- Conditions
- Subjective Well-being, Self-Compassion, Meaning of Life
- Keywords
- online intervention, meditation, mindfulness, loving-kindness and compassion meditation
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 213 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Beijing Normal UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 10 Sep 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Jan 2024 (actual)
- Study completion
- 30 Jan 2024 (actual)
- First posted
- 5 Oct 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Objective: This study examines the effects of online interactive meditation training on well-being in older adults.
Methods: Older adults were assigned to either an online interactive meditation training group or an active control group learning about healthy aging. Participants completed measures of mindfulness, self-compassion, subjective well-being, and sense of meaning at pre-test, post-test, and three-week follow-up.
Detailed description
Research Background：With the global aging population, mental health issues among older adults have become increasingly prominent. While traditional meditation interventions show promise in enhancing well-being, there is a lack of systematic research on online integrated interventions (combining mindfulness meditation and loving-kindness meditation) specifically designed for older adults. This randomized controlled trial examines the effects of an interactive online meditation program on older adults' well-being, sense of life meaning, and psychological resilience.
Research Methods：
- Study Design： A parallel-group randomized controlled design was used, with 213 participants aged 60+ equally assigned to either the intervention group (online integrated meditation program) or active control group (healthy aging education program). The 8-week intervention included three 30-minute live interactive sessions per week.
- Intervention Components：
Core Modules:
Mindfulness Meditation (MM): Body scan and breath awareness exercises Loving-Kindness Meditation (LKCM): Self-compassion cultivation and positive emotion guidance Implementation：Online intervention program adopted an interactive course format, offering distinct advantages over traditional passive learning methods. This approach fosters real-time communication and engagement, empowering participants to take an active role in their learning. By allowing individuals to control their pace, the format enhances attention and motivation while accommodating unique needs and learning capacities.
Outcome Measures： Subjective Well-being Scale, SWLS Meaning in Life Questionnaire, MLQ Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, MAAS Self-Compassion Scale, SCS Process Data:： Daily assessments of momentary well-being and meaning via EMA electronic diaries.
Statistical Analysis： Mixed-effects models were used for repeated measures data analysis, with primary analyses following intention-to-treat (ITT) principles.
Implications： Demonstrates for the first time the sustained benefits of online integrated meditation for older adults' mental health, providing evidence for accessible remote interventions. Limitations include sample homogeneity, necessitating future cross-cultural validation.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 213 older adults, who were assigned to either an online interactive meditation intervention group or an active control group learning about knowledge related to healthy aging. Participants completed measures of subjective well-being, sense of life meaning, mindfulness, and self-compassion at pre-test, post-test, and a three-week follow-up. Daily assessments of subjective well-being and sense of life meaning were also collected throughout the intervention period.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| online interactive meditation training group | Experimental | Behavioral: online interactive meditation training group106 elderly people in the experimental group participated in a 14 day interactive mindfulness and compassion meditation course. All participants completed measures of subjective well-being, sense of life meaning, mindfulness, and self-compassion at pre-test, post-test, and a three-week follow-up. Daily assessments of subjective well-being and sense of life meaning were also collected throughout the intervention period. |
| An active control group learning about knowledge related to healthy aging | Active comparator | Behavioral: An active control group learning about knowledge related to healthy aging107 elderly individuals in the active control group participated in a 14 day knowledge related to health aging course. All participants completed measures of subjective well-being, sense of life meaning, mindfulness, and self-compassion at pre-test, post-test, and a three-week follow-up. Daily assessments of subjective well-being and sense of life meaning were also collected throughout the intervention period. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 60 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Age ≥60 years Able to complete 14-day course training within 21 days (15-20 minutes/day, self-scheduled) Willing to complete 3 research questionnaires on time Smartphone user with WeChat proficiency
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- History of diagnosed mental illness/psychological disorder Presence of noticeable mental abnormalities
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| online interactive meditation training group106 elderly people study a mindfulness + loving-kindness and compassion meditation (MM + LKCM) training program (14 courses) under the online interactive meditation for 14 days | Behavioural | online interactive meditation training group |
| An active control group learning about knowledge related to healthy aging107 elderly people study about knowledge related to healthy aging for 14 days | Behavioural | An active control group learning about knowledge related to healthy aging |
Primary outcome
Self-Compassion Scale (SCS)
Time frame: From baseline to 3 weeks post-intervention, and 3 weeks after the intervention
The Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) will be administered using a 5-point Likert scale (1=nearly never to 5=nearly always). The total score will be calculated by summing all items (range 26-130)
Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS)
Time frame: From baseline to 3 weeks post-intervention, and 3 weeks after the intervention
The Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) will be administered using a 7-point Likert scale (1=strongly disagree to 7=strongly agree). The total score will be calculated by summing all items (range 5-35)
Subjective Well-being Total Score
Time frame: Baseline (pre-test), post-intervention (3 weeks), 3-week follow-up
subjective well-being was calculated as the composite Z score of life satisfaction, positive affect, and negative affect. Life satisfaction was measured using the 5-item Satisfaction with Life Scale with a 7-point rating scale (1 = "strongly disagree" to 7 = "strongly agree"). Positive and negative affect were measured using the 24-item Emotional Words List (Lee et al., 2013) with a 7-point rating scale (1 = "never" to 7 = "always").
Life Meaning
Time frame: Baseline (pre-test), post-intervention (8 weeks), 3-week follow-up
Measurement Tool: Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ) Scoring: 7-point Likert scale (1=absolutely untrue to 7=absolutely true), two subscales: Presence and Search
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 5 Oct 2026.
- Background: PubMed 15519952Cardoso R, de Souza E, Camano L, Leite JR. Meditation in health: an operational definition. Brain Res Brain Res Protoc. 2004 Nov;14(1):58-60. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresprot.2004.09.002.
- Results publicationBates, D., Maechler, M., Bolker, B., Walker, S., Christensen, R., Singmann, H., & Grothendieck, G. (2015). lme4: Linear mixed-effects models using Eigen and S4 (1.1-8).
- Results publication: PubMed 31685171Zollars I, Poirier TI, Pailden J. Effects of mindfulness meditation on mindfulness, mental well-being, and perceived stress. Curr Pharm Teach Learn. 2019 Oct;11(10):1022-1028. doi: 10.1016/j.cptl.2019.06.005. Epub 2019 Aug 7.
- Results publication: PubMed 35399579Zheng Y, Zhou J, Zeng X, Jiang M, Oei TPS. A New Second-Generation Mindfulness-Based Intervention Focusing on Well-Being: A Randomized Control Trial of Mindfulness-Based Positive Psychology. J Happiness Stud. 2022;23(6):2703-2724. doi: 10.1007/s10902-022-00525-2. Epub 2022 Apr 2.
- Results publicationZeng, X., Wang, R., Oei, T. P. S., & Leung, F. Y. K. (2019). Heart of Joy: a Randomized Controlled Trail Evaluating the Effect of an Appreciative Joy Meditation Training on Subjective Well-Being and Attitudes. Mindfulness, 10(3), 506-515.
- Results publication: PubMed 24824919Zeng X, Li M, Zhang B, Liu X. Revision of the Philadelphia Mindfulness Scale for measuring awareness and equanimity in Goenka's Vipassana meditation with Chinese Buddhists. J Relig Health. 2015 Apr;54(2):623-37. doi: 10.1007/s10943-014-9870-y.
- Results publication: PubMed 26579061Zeng X, Chiu CP, Wang R, Oei TP, Leung FY. The effect of loving-kindness meditation on positive emotions: a meta-analytic review. Front Psychol. 2015 Nov 3;6:1693. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01693. eCollection 2015.
- Results publication: PubMed 36373088Zeng X, Zheng Y, Gu X, Wang R, Oei TP. Meditation Quality Matters: Effects of Loving-Kindness and Compassion Meditations on Subjective Well-being are Associated with Meditation Quality. J Happiness Stud. 2023;24(1):211-229. doi: 10.1007/s10902-022-00582-7. Epub 2022 Nov 5.
- Results publication: PubMed 30622094Walsh KM, Saab BJ, Farb NA. Effects of a Mindfulness Meditation App on Subjective Well-Being: Active Randomized Controlled Trial and Experience Sampling Study. JMIR Ment Health. 2019 Jan 8;6(1):e10844. doi: 10.2196/10844.
- Results publication: PubMed 30400211Wahbeh H. Internet Mindfulness Meditation Intervention (IMMI) Improves Depression Symptoms in Older Adults. Medicines (Basel). 2018 Nov 2;5(4):119. doi: 10.3390/medicines5040119.
- Results publication: PubMed 23775372Rosenzweig D. The sisters of mindfulness. J Clin Psychol. 2013 Aug;69(8):793-804. doi: 10.1002/jclp.22015. Epub 2013 Jun 17.
- Results publication: PubMed 21584907Raes F, Pommier E, Neff KD, Van Gucht D. Construction and factorial validation of a short form of the Self-Compassion Scale. Clin Psychol Psychother. 2011 May-Jun;18(3):250-5. doi: 10.1002/cpp.702. Epub 2010 Jun 8.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. Data content: * Individual participant data collected during the trial * Study-level data (metadata) * Data dictionaries
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Xiaomin Chang, Master principal investigator
Beijing Normal University
Zeng Xianglong, Ph.D study chair
Beijing Normal University
Xianmin Gong, Ph.D study director
The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing online interactive meditation training group in people with Subjective Well-being and Self-Compassion, run by Beijing Normal University at 1 site in China.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 5 Oct 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in China. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) (time frame: From baseline to 3 weeks post-intervention, and 3 weeks after the intervention). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07856953, which also lists 22 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 5 Oct 2026.