COVID-19 VaccinationNCT07861087
Influence of Vaccine Message Medium on Intentions to Vaccinate in College Students
A study testing COVID-19 Video, COVID-19 Words and COVID-19 Poster in people with COVID-19 Vaccination, run by Penn State University at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
The goal of this clinical trial is to understand the influence of vaccine message medium (e.g., text, photo, or video) on intentions to vaccinate in college students. The main question it aims to answer is: Does vaccine message medium influence intentions to vaccinate? Participants will be shown, at random, a photo… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- COVID-19 Vaccination
- What is being tested?
- COVID-19 Video, COVID-19 Words and COVID-19 Poster
- Type of treatment
- Vaccines, Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 1,064 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 27 Sep 2023to 1 Nov 2023
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- 18 years of age or older
- Enrolled at Penn State University
- Enrolled in BIOL110
Who cannot join
- Under 18 years old
- Not enrolled at Penn State University
- Not enrolled in BIOL110
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
Department of Biology
State College, Pennsylvania, 16803
About this study
Official title: Vaccination Visual Messaging and Intent to Vaccinate
The goal of this clinical trial is to understand the influence of vaccine message medium (e.g., text, photo, or video) on intentions to vaccinate in college students.
The main question it aims to answer is:
- Does vaccine message medium influence intentions to vaccinate? Participants will be shown, at random, a photo, video, or text vaccine message and be asked to evaluate their intentions to receive the COVID-19 vaccine in an online survey.
- Conditions
- COVID-19 Vaccination
- Being tested
- COVID-19 Video, COVID-19 Words, COVID-19 Poster
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
COVID-19 VideoBehavioural
The video message also featured a man describing that he had received a COVID-19 vaccine and why he got vaccinated, again including information on the safety and efficacy of the vaccine. At the end of the video, he recommends using a "reliable source like the CDC website and get the facts."
COVID-19 WordsBehavioural
The word-only message, inspired by both the video transcript and words on the poster, encourages vaccination and highlights the safety and widespread uptake of the vaccine. It also includes a recommendation to "get the facts" by visiting the CDC coronavirus vaccine webpage.
COVID-19 PosterBehavioural
The poster message featured a man wearing two facemasks and showing off his upper arm with a band aid, indicating vaccination. Overlaid was the phrase "Protect Against COVID-19." as well as a short blurb describing the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines and a link to a CDC COVID-19 vaccine webpage.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Poster Message | Experimental | This group received the poster message. Receives: Behavioral: COVID-19 Poster |
| Word Message | Experimental | This group received the word message, a text-only intervention. Receives: Behavioral: COVID-19 Words |
| Video Message | Experimental | This group received the video message. Receives: Behavioral: COVID-19 Video |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Vaccine Intention
A measure of intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine before and after receiving the intervention. On the individual vaccine intention scores [1-5], 1 is equivalent to strongly intending not to receive the vaccine, and 5 indicates a strong intention to receive the vaccine. A higher score is a better outcome, related to stronger intentions to receive the vaccine.
Measured: The outcome was measured immediately following the intervention in the online survey
Vaccine Intention Change
Using Vaccine Intention scores, we calculated the Vaccine Intention Change by finding the difference between intentions to vaccinate before and after viewing our intervention message. A change score [0-4] of 0 indicates no change in intention, while 4 indicates a large change in intention. Depending on the individual's initial Vaccine Intention Score, a large change score may indicate an increase or decrease in intentions to vaccinate.
Measured: The outcome was measured immediately following the intervention in the online survey
Secondary outcomes (1)
COVID-19 Threat
A measure of perceived threat to COVID-19, one indicates a low threat perception, while 5 indicates a high threat perception.
Measured: The outcome was measured immediately following the intervention in the online survey
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted6 Oct 2026
- Study start27 Sep 2023
- Primary completion1 Nov 2023
- Study completion1 Nov 2023
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for COVID-19 VaccinationStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Penn State UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 1,064 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Penn State University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Katie Yan, Penn State University
- Investigators
- Katie J Yan, Principal investigator, Penn State University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07861087
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- STUDY00023285:
- Status last verified
- Oct 2026
- First submitted
- 25 Sep 2026
- Last updated
- 6 Oct 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: No plan to share individual participant data (IPD). Data sharing beyond the research team was not included in the informed consent obtained from participants, and the dataset carries reidentification risk given its detailed demographic and behavioral variables.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 6 Oct 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Vaccination Visual Messaging and Intent to Vaccinate
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07861087
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- STUDY00023285:
- Conditions
- COVID-19 Vaccination
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 1,064 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Penn State UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 27 Sep 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Nov 2023 (actual)
- Study completion
- 1 Nov 2023 (actual)
- First posted
- 6 Oct 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The goal of this clinical trial is to understand the influence of vaccine message medium (e.g., text, photo, or video) on intentions to vaccinate in college students.
The main question it aims to answer is:
- Does vaccine message medium influence intentions to vaccinate? Participants will be shown, at random, a photo, video, or text vaccine message and be asked to evaluate their intentions to receive the COVID-19 vaccine in an online survey.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 3
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Poster Message | Experimental | Behavioral: COVID-19 PosterThis group received the poster message. |
| Word Message | Experimental | Behavioral: COVID-19 WordsThis group received the word message, a text-only intervention. |
| Video Message | Experimental | Behavioral: COVID-19 VideoThis group received the video message. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- 18 years of age or older
- Enrolled at Penn State University
- Enrolled in BIOL110
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Under 18 years old
- Not enrolled at Penn State University
- Not enrolled in BIOL110
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| COVID-19 VideoThe video message also featured a man describing that he had received a COVID-19 vaccine and why he got vaccinated, again including information on the safety and efficacy of the vaccine. At the end of the video, he recommends using a "reliable source like the CDC website and get the facts." | Behavioural | Video Message |
| COVID-19 WordsThe word-only message, inspired by both the video transcript and words on the poster, encourages vaccination and highlights the safety and widespread uptake of the vaccine. It also includes a recommendation to "get the facts" by visiting the CDC coronavirus vaccine webpage. | Behavioural | Word Message |
| COVID-19 PosterThe poster message featured a man wearing two facemasks and showing off his upper arm with a band aid, indicating vaccination. Overlaid was the phrase "Protect Against COVID-19." as well as a short blurb describing the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines and a link to a CDC COVID-19 vaccine webpage. | Behavioural | Poster Message |
Primary outcome
Vaccine Intention
Time frame: The outcome was measured immediately following the intervention in the online survey
A measure of intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine before and after receiving the intervention. On the individual vaccine intention scores [1-5], 1 is equivalent to strongly intending not to receive the vaccine, and 5 indicates a strong intention to receive the vaccine. A higher score is a better outcome, related to stronger intentions to receive the vaccine.
Vaccine Intention Change
Time frame: The outcome was measured immediately following the intervention in the online survey
Using Vaccine Intention scores, we calculated the Vaccine Intention Change by finding the difference between intentions to vaccinate before and after viewing our intervention message. A change score [0-4] of 0 indicates no change in intention, while 4 indicates a large change in intention. Depending on the individual's initial Vaccine Intention Score, a large change score may indicate an increase or decrease in intentions to vaccinate.
1 secondary outcome
COVID-19 Threat
Time frame: The outcome was measured immediately following the intervention in the online survey
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 6 Oct 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. No plan to share individual participant data (IPD). Data sharing beyond the research team was not included in the informed consent obtained from participants, and the dataset carries reidentification risk given its detailed demographic and behavioral variables.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Katie J Yan principal investigator
Penn State University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing COVID-19 Video, COVID-19 Words and COVID-19 Poster in people with COVID-19 Vaccination, run by Penn State University at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 6 Oct 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Vaccine Intention (time frame: The outcome was measured immediately following the intervention in the online survey). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 6 Oct 2026.