Proprioceptive Neuromuscular FacilitationNCT07872748
PNF and Shoulder Function in Adhesive Capsulitis
A study testing PNF Exercise and Exercise in people with Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation and Adhesive Capsulitis, run by Ondokuz Mayıs University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
This study aimed to investigate the effects of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) on range of motion, pain, and shoulder function in patients with frozen shoulder. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation, Adhesive Capsulitis
- What is being tested?
- PNF Exercise and Exercise
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 32 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 1 Jan 2024to 1 Dec 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Participants were eligible if they met all of the following criteria:
- aged 18 years or older;
- clinically diagnosed with adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder) and classified as stage II or III;
- had other shoulder pathologies excluded by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI);
- had experienced shoulder pain for at least 3 months
- voluntarily participated in the study and provided written informed consent.
Who cannot join
- concomitant shoulder pathologies such as rotator cuff tears or tendinitis
- neurological disorders that could affect shoulder function
- a history of shoulder surgery
- inability to comply with the exercise program
- mental or cognitive impairments
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Ondokuz Mayıs University
Samsun, Samsun, 55139
About this study
Official title: Investigation of the Effects Of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation on Range of Motion, Pain, and Shoulder Functions in Patients With Adhesive Capsulitis
This study aimed to investigate the effects of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) on range of motion, pain, and shoulder function in patients with frozen shoulder.
- Being tested
- PNF Exercise, Exercise
- Medical subject headings
- Bursitis
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
PNF ExerciseOther
(PNF) Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation
ExerciseOther
Conventional Physiotherapy
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| PNF Group | Experimental | Not described Receives: Other: PNF Exercise |
| Conventional Physiotherapy Group | Active comparator | Not described Receives: Other: Exercise |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Visual Analog Scale (VAS)
Pain intensity will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale, which ranges from 0 to 10, where 0 indicates no pain and 10 indicates the worst imaginable pain. Higher scores indicate greater pain intensity and a worse outcome.
Measured: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI)
Shoulder pain and disability will be assessed using the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index, which consists of 13 items divided into two subscales: pain (5 items) and disability (8 items). The total score ranges from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater pain and disability and a worse outcome.
Measured: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Simple Shoulder Test (SST)
Shoulder function will be assessed using the Simple Shoulder Test, which consists of 12 yes/no questions regarding shoulder function. The total score ranges from 0 to 12, with higher scores indicating better shoulder function and a better outcome.
Measured: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Lateral Scapular Slide Test (LSST)
Scapular position will be assessed using the Lateral Scapular Slide Test, which measures the distance between the inferior angle of the scapula and the corresponding thoracic spinous process at specified shoulder positions. The measurement is recorded in centimeters. As this test measures scapular position rather than a scored scale, there is no fixed minimum or maximum score. Greater side-to-side differences in scapular distance indicate greater scapular asymmetry, whereas smaller differences indicate greater symmetry. The interpretation of this measure should consider the measurement position and the clinical context.
Measured: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Range of Motion (ROM)
Shoulder range of motion will be assessed using goniometric measurements and recorded in degrees (°). The minimum and maximum values depend on the direction of movement assessed and the measurement protocol; therefore, no single fixed range applies to all shoulder movements. For shoulder flexion, extension, abduction, internal rotation, and external rotation, higher values generally indicate greater range of motion and a better outcome, provided that the movement is pain-free and does not involve compensatory movements.
Measured: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted14 Oct 2026
- Study start1 Jan 2024
- Primary completion1 Jan 2025
- Study completion1 Dec 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Proprioceptive Neuromuscular FacilitationStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 32 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Ondokuz Mayıs University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Deniz Çakır, Ondokuz Mayıs University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07872748
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2023/318
- Status last verified
- Oct 2026
- First submitted
- 7 Oct 2026
- Last updated
- 16 Oct 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 16 Oct 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Investigation of the Effects Of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation on Range of Motion, Pain, and Shoulder Functions in Patients With Adhesive Capsulitis
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07872748
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 2023/318
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 32 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Ondokuz Mayıs UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Jan 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Jan 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 1 Dec 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 14 Oct 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) on range of motion, pain, and shoulder function in patients with frozen shoulder.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| PNF Group | Experimental | Other: PNF Exercise |
| Conventional Physiotherapy Group | Active comparator | Other: Exercise |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (6 listed)
- aged 18 years or older;
- clinically diagnosed with adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder) and classified as stage II or III;
- had other shoulder pathologies excluded by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI);
- had experienced shoulder pain for at least 3 months
- voluntarily participated in the study and provided written informed consent.
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- concomitant shoulder pathologies such as rotator cuff tears or tendinitis
- neurological disorders that could affect shoulder function
- a history of shoulder surgery
- inability to comply with the exercise program
- mental or cognitive impairments
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| PNF Exercise(PNF) Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation | Other | PNF Group |
| ExerciseConventional Physiotherapy | Other | Conventional Physiotherapy Group |
Primary outcome
Visual Analog Scale (VAS)
Time frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Pain intensity will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale, which ranges from 0 to 10, where 0 indicates no pain and 10 indicates the worst imaginable pain. Higher scores indicate greater pain intensity and a worse outcome.
Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI)
Time frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Shoulder pain and disability will be assessed using the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index, which consists of 13 items divided into two subscales: pain (5 items) and disability (8 items). The total score ranges from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater pain and disability and a worse outcome.
Simple Shoulder Test (SST)
Time frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Shoulder function will be assessed using the Simple Shoulder Test, which consists of 12 yes/no questions regarding shoulder function. The total score ranges from 0 to 12, with higher scores indicating better shoulder function and a better outcome.
Lateral Scapular Slide Test (LSST)
Time frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Scapular position will be assessed using the Lateral Scapular Slide Test, which measures the distance between the inferior angle of the scapula and the corresponding thoracic spinous process at specified shoulder positions. The measurement is recorded in centimeters. As this test measures scapular position rather than a scored scale, there is no fixed minimum or maximum score. Greater side-to-side differences in scapular distance indicate greater scapular asymmetry, whereas smaller differences indicate greater symmetry. The interpretation of this measure should consider the measurement position and the clinical context.
Range of Motion (ROM)
Time frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Shoulder range of motion will be assessed using goniometric measurements and recorded in degrees (°). The minimum and maximum values depend on the direction of movement assessed and the measurement protocol; therefore, no single fixed range applies to all shoulder movements. For shoulder flexion, extension, abduction, internal rotation, and external rotation, higher values generally indicate greater range of motion and a better outcome, provided that the movement is pain-free and does not involve compensatory movements.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 16 Oct 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing PNF Exercise and Exercise in people with Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation and Adhesive Capsulitis, run by Ondokuz Mayıs University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 16 Oct 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) (time frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year). The study lists 5 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 16 Oct 2026.