Healthy VolunteersNCT07886736
Acute Effects of Stretching, Kinesio Taping, Cold Water Immersion and Foam Rolling on Wrist Strength and Precise Force and Position Control
A study testing Static stretching, Assisted dynamic stretching and Kinesio taping in people with Healthy Volunteers and Muscle Strength, run by Grgur Kovačić at 1 site in Croatia.
Trial summary
Static stretching, dynamic stretching, elastic (Kinesio) taping, brief cold water immersion and foam rolling are used daily in sport and rehabilitation to prepare the forearm and hand, but it is not known whether, immediately after use, they change how strongly the wrist can flex and how precisely a person can control… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 20 to 35 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Healthy Volunteers, Muscle Strength, Motor Control
- What is being tested?
- Static stretching, Assisted dynamic stretching and Kinesio taping
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 56 participants
- Where
- 1 siteCroatia
- Study dates
- 4 Apr 2022to 13 May 2022
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 20 to 35 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Healthy adults aged 20-35 years recruited through a public call
- Right-hand dominant (dominant hand = throwing hand)
- Written informed consent
Who cannot join
- Left-hand dominance
- Current pain in the dominant arm at rest, during exertion or movement
- History of injury limiting the function or range of motion of the dominant arm
- Diagnosed neuromuscular disorder
- Participation in competitive sport
- Joint hypermobility on the Beighton scale
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Acute Effects of Static Stretching, Assisted Dynamic Stretching, Kinesio Taping, Cold Water Immersion and Foam Rolling on Maximal Isometric Wrist-Flexion Strength and on Precise Force and Position Modulation of the Wrist in Healthy Adults: A Randomised Five-Period Crossover Trial
Static stretching, dynamic stretching, elastic (Kinesio) taping, brief cold water immersion and foam rolling are used daily in sport and rehabilitation to prepare the forearm and hand, but it is not known whether, immediately after use, they change how strongly the wrist can flex and how precisely a person can control the force and the position of the wrist. This study measured all five methods in the same 56 healthy adults on separate weekly visits, immediately before and after each method, in a randomised crossover design. Outcomes included peak isometric wrist-flexion force, normalised error in a force-tracking task, normalised error in a position-tracking task, and active range of motion. The study also quantified learning across visits and the measurement properties of the variables. The trial was registered retrospectively; the reason is given in the detailed description.
Read the detailed description
Design: single-centre, randomised, five-period crossover trial; each participant received all five interventions, one per weekly visit, in an individually randomised order (simple randomisation; random permutations generated at Random.org by a person not involved in testing; the examiner was informed of the intervention on the day of the visit). Six visits in total: familiarisation and baseline measurement (visit 0) and five intervention visits. Each measurement block comprised three maximal isometric wrist-flexion contractions, three 40.2-second force-tracking trials (reference 0-70% of the peak force), one measurement of active palmar-flexion range of motion and three 40.2-second position-tracking trials (reference 65% of the range of motion), on the HAMOCODI (Hand Motor Control Diagnostic) system (S2P Ltd., Ljubljana, Slovenia; sampling rate 1000 hertz). The post-intervention block started 10-20 seconds after the intervention. Interventions (60 seconds each, right forearm flexors): static stretching to the limit of pain tolerance; assisted dynamic stretching (active elbow and wrist extension with passive assistance at the end of the range, about 15 cycles); Kinesio taping (facilitation Y-strip plus mechanical-correction I-strip); cold water immersion of the hand and forearm at 14 degrees Celsius; foam rolling of the forearm flexors. Hypotheses: H1 - dynamic stretching, Kinesio taping and foam rolling improve precise force modulation, precise position modulation and maximal strength; H2 - cold water immersion and static stretching impair them. Analysis: percentage changes (log ratios), linear mixed models with intervention, visit order and sex as fixed effects and participant as random intercept; reliability analyses of all variables. Sample: 58 volunteers attended the introductory meeting; 56 (29 men, 27 women; age 22-36 years) were randomised and analysed. The upper age limit of 35 years was a pragmatic recruitment criterion; one eligible volunteer aged 36 was included by the investigators' decision before enrolment. Retrospective registration: the study was conducted as a doctoral research project on healthy volunteers with low-risk physical interventions, and the requirement to register this type of physiological crossover study was not recognised at the time; it is registered retrospectively, before publication of the results, so that all measured outcomes are publicly documented. The ethics approval (No. 5/2022) was issued on 18 February 2022; data were collected between 4 April and 13 May 2022. The study forms the doctoral dissertation "Movement Control Modulation in Targeted Wrist Joints under Kinesiological and Physical Treatments", University of Zagreb, Faculty of Kinesiology (topic approved by the University Senate on 17 January 2023). The anonymised trial-level dataset and analysis code are available at https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:117:012259.
- Conditions
- Healthy Volunteers, Muscle Strength, Motor Control
- Being tested
- Static stretching, Assisted dynamic stretching, Kinesio taping, Cold water immersion, Foam rolling
- Keywords
- wrist, stretching, Kinesio taping, cold water immersion, foam rolling, force tracking, kinaesthesia, motor learning
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Static stretchingOther
Seated, the participant grasped the fingers and palm of the test hand with the other hand, placed the fingers and wrist in maximal extension with the forearm supinated, extended the elbow fully and held the position for one continuous bout of 60 seconds at an intensity "to the limit of pain tolerance".
Assisted dynamic stretchingOther
Seated with the forearm supinated, the participant actively extended the elbow and wrist; at the end of the active range the other hand grasped the fingers and palm and added passive extension of the fingers and wrist to the limit of pain tolerance; the position was held for about 2 seconds and the arm returned actively over about 2 seconds, non-ballistically; about 15 cycles in 60 seconds.
Kinesio tapingOther
Kinesio Tex Gold 5-centimetre tape applied by the examiner: a Y-strip anchored without tension on the medial epicondyle with the tails along the wrist-flexor bellies to the wrist joint line at 30-40% tension (facilitation), and an I-strip across the palmar wrist at 50-75% tension with inward pressure (mechanical correction). The tape remained on during the post-intervention measurement.
Cold water immersionOther
Hand and forearm immersed above the elbow in water at 14 degrees Celsius (plus or minus 1 degree) for 60 seconds; arm towel-dried before testing.
Foam rollingOther
Standing, the forearm flexors were rolled on a smooth foam roller placed on a table, from distal to proximal and back, for 60 seconds, with pressure "to the limit of pain" and pauses on tender spots.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Static Stretching | Experimental | Participants received 60 seconds of static stretching of the wrist flexors on one of five weekly crossover visits (order randomised per participant), with measurements immediately before and after. Receives: Other: Static stretching |
| Assisted Dynamic Stretching | Experimental | Participants received 60 seconds of assisted dynamic stretching of the wrist flexors on one of five weekly crossover visits (order randomised per participant), with measurements immediately before and after. Receives: Other: Assisted dynamic stretching |
| Kinesio Taping | Experimental | Participants received Kinesio taping of the wrist flexors on one of five weekly crossover visits (order randomised per participant), with measurements immediately before and after application, tape on. Receives: Other: Kinesio taping |
| Cold Water Immersion | Experimental | Participants received 60 seconds of hand and forearm immersion in water at 14 degrees Celsius on one of five weekly crossover visits (order randomised per participant), with measurements immediately before and after. Receives: Other: Cold water immersion |
| Foam Rolling | Experimental | Participants received 60 seconds of foam rolling of the forearm flexors on one of five weekly crossover visits (order randomised per participant), with measurements immediately before and after. Receives: Other: Foam rolling |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Change in Peak Isometric Wrist-Flexion Force
Peak force (newtons), defined as the highest 1-second moving average of the force signal in the best of three maximal isometric wrist-flexion contractions. Change is expressed as the percentage change from pre- to post-intervention.
Measured: Pre-intervention and 10-20 seconds post-intervention at each of 5 intervention visits (Weeks 2-6)
Change in Normalised Error of the Force-Tracking Task
Normalised error (%) while tracking a randomly generated sinusoidal force curve with isometric wrist flexion, calculated as the root-mean-square deviation from the reference curve divided by its amplitude and averaged over three trials. Change is expressed as the percentage change from pre- to post-intervention.
Measured: Pre-intervention and approximately 3-6 minutes post-intervention at each of 5 intervention visits (Weeks 2-6)
Change in Normalised Error of the Position-Tracking Task
Normalised error (%) while tracking a randomly generated sinusoidal wrist-angle curve with wrist flexion and extension, calculated as the root-mean-square deviation from the reference curve divided by its amplitude and averaged over three trials. Change is expressed as the percentage change from pre- to post-intervention.
Measured: Pre-intervention and approximately 8-11 minutes post-intervention at each of 5 intervention visits (Weeks 2-6)
Secondary outcomes (12)
Change in Active Palmar-Flexion Range of Motion
Active range of palmar flexion (degrees), measured once with the built-in goniometer of the measurement system.
Measured: Pre-intervention and approximately 6-8 minutes post-intervention at each of 5 intervention visits (Weeks 2-6)
Change of Tracking Error Across Visits in the Pre-intervention Measurements (Learning)
Slope of the normalised error of both tracking tasks across visits (percentage change per visit) from a linear mixed model of the log value.
Measured: Pre-intervention at each of 6 weekly visits (Weeks 1-6)
Change in Mean Absolute Error of the Force-Tracking Task
Mean absolute deviation (newtons) of the produced force from the reference curve, averaged over three trials. Change is expressed as the percentage change from pre- to post-intervention.
Measured: Pre-intervention and approximately 3-6 minutes post-intervention at each of 5 intervention visits (Weeks 2-6)
Change in Mean Absolute Error of the Position-Tracking Task
Mean absolute deviation (degrees) of the produced wrist angle from the reference curve, averaged over three trials. Change is expressed as the percentage change from pre- to post-intervention.
Measured: Pre-intervention and approximately 8-11 minutes post-intervention at each of 5 intervention visits (Weeks 2-6)
Change in Peak Force by Repetition Position
Percentage change in peak force (newtons) from pre- to post-intervention, calculated separately for the first, second and third maximal contraction of the measurement block.
Measured: Pre-intervention and 10-20 seconds post-intervention at each of 5 intervention visits (Weeks 2-6)
Within-Session Intraclass Correlation Coefficient
Intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC(3,1), across the three trials within each measurement occasion (unitless), reported separately for peak force and for the normalised errors of the two tracking tasks.
Measured: 11 measurement occasions over 6 weeks (Weeks 1-6)
Between-Visit Intraclass Correlation Coefficient
Intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC(3,1), of the pre-intervention values across the six visits (unitless), reported separately for peak force and for the normalised errors of the two tracking tasks.
Measured: Pre-intervention at each of 6 weekly visits (Weeks 1-6)
Standard Error of Measurement of Peak Force
Standard error of measurement of peak force (newtons), from the within-occasion analysis of three trials.
Measured: 11 measurement occasions over 6 weeks (Weeks 1-6)
Standard Error of Measurement of the Normalised Tracking Errors
Standard error of measurement of the normalised error (percentage points), reported separately for the force-tracking and the position-tracking task.
Measured: 11 measurement occasions over 6 weeks (Weeks 1-6)
Minimal Detectable Change of Peak Force
Minimal detectable change at the 95% confidence level (newtons), calculated as 1.96 x square root of 2 x standard error of measurement.
Measured: 11 measurement occasions over 6 weeks (Weeks 1-6)
Minimal Detectable Change of the Normalised Tracking Errors
Minimal detectable change at the 95% confidence level (percentage points), reported separately for the force-tracking and the position-tracking task.
Measured: 11 measurement occasions over 6 weeks (Weeks 1-6)
Dispersion of Individual Responses
Standard deviation (percent) of the individual pre-to-post percentage changes in peak force after each intervention.
Measured: Pre-intervention and 10-20 seconds post-intervention at each of 5 intervention visits (Weeks 2-6)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted21 Oct 2026
- Study start4 Apr 2022
- Primary completion13 May 2022
- Study completion13 May 2022
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Healthy VolunteersStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Model description
- Five-period crossover: each of the 56 participants received all five interventions (one arm per intervention), one per weekly visit, in an individually randomised order, with measurements immediately before and after each intervention; a baseline visit preceded the first intervention. Washout at least 6 days (median 7 days).
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 56 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Grgur Kovačić
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor-investigator, Grgur Kovačić, University of Zagreb
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07886736
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- KIF-5/2022-Kovacic
- Other IDs
- ID: 5/2022
- Status last verified
- Oct 2026
- First submitted
- 7 Oct 2026
- Last updated
- 21 Oct 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: The anonymised trial-level dataset (all outcomes, all trials), the data dictionary and the analysis files are openly available in the Dabar repository of the University of Zagreb under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) licence.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 21 Oct 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Acute Effects of Static Stretching, Assisted Dynamic Stretching, Kinesio Taping, Cold Water Immersion and Foam Rolling on Maximal Isometric Wrist-Flexion Strength and on Precise Force and Position Modulation of the Wrist in Healthy Adults: A Randomised Five-Period Crossover Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07886736
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- KIF-5/2022-Kovacic
- Conditions
- Healthy Volunteers, Muscle Strength, Motor Control
- Keywords
- wrist, stretching, Kinesio taping, cold water immersion, foam rolling, force tracking, kinaesthesia, motor learning
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 56 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Grgur KovačićUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 4 Apr 2022 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 13 May 2022 (actual)
- Study completion
- 13 May 2022 (actual)
- First posted
- 21 Oct 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Static stretching, dynamic stretching, elastic (Kinesio) taping, brief cold water immersion and foam rolling are used daily in sport and rehabilitation to prepare the forearm and hand, but it is not known whether, immediately after use, they change how strongly the wrist can flex and how precisely a person can control the force and the position of the wrist. This study measured all five methods in the same 56 healthy adults on separate weekly visits, immediately before and after each method, in a randomised crossover design. Outcomes included peak isometric wrist-flexion force, normalised error in a force-tracking task, normalised error in a position-tracking task, and active range of motion. The study also quantified learning across visits and the measurement properties of the variables. The trial was registered retrospectively; the reason is given in the detailed description.
Detailed description
Design: single-centre, randomised, five-period crossover trial; each participant received all five interventions, one per weekly visit, in an individually randomised order (simple randomisation; random permutations generated at Random.org by a person not involved in testing; the examiner was informed of the intervention on the day of the visit). Six visits in total: familiarisation and baseline measurement (visit 0) and five intervention visits. Each measurement block comprised three maximal isometric wrist-flexion contractions, three 40.2-second force-tracking trials (reference 0-70% of the peak force), one measurement of active palmar-flexion range of motion and three 40.2-second position-tracking trials (reference 65% of the range of motion), on the HAMOCODI (Hand Motor Control Diagnostic) system (S2P Ltd., Ljubljana, Slovenia; sampling rate 1000 hertz). The post-intervention block started 10-20 seconds after the intervention. Interventions (60 seconds each, right forearm flexors): static stretching to the limit of pain tolerance; assisted dynamic stretching (active elbow and wrist extension with passive assistance at the end of the range, about 15 cycles); Kinesio taping (facilitation Y-strip plus mechanical-correction I-strip); cold water immersion of the hand and forearm at 14 degrees Celsius; foam rolling of the forearm flexors. Hypotheses: H1 - dynamic stretching, Kinesio taping and foam rolling improve precise force modulation, precise position modulation and maximal strength; H2 - cold water immersion and static stretching impair them. Analysis: percentage changes (log ratios), linear mixed models with intervention, visit order and sex as fixed effects and participant as random intercept; reliability analyses of all variables. Sample: 58 volunteers attended the introductory meeting; 56 (29 men, 27 women; age 22-36 years) were randomised and analysed. The upper age limit of 35 years was a pragmatic recruitment criterion; one eligible volunteer aged 36 was included by the investigators' decision before enrolment. Retrospective registration: the study was conducted as a doctoral research project on healthy volunteers with low-risk physical interventions, and the requirement to register this type of physiological crossover study was not recognised at the time; it is registered retrospectively, before publication of the results, so that all measured outcomes are publicly documented. The ethics approval (No. 5/2022) was issued on 18 February 2022; data were collected between 4 April and 13 May 2022. The study forms the doctoral dissertation "Movement Control Modulation in Targeted Wrist Joints under Kinesiological and Physical Treatments", University of Zagreb, Faculty of Kinesiology (topic approved by the University Senate on 17 January 2023). The anonymised trial-level dataset and analysis code are available at https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:117:012259.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 5
- Model description
- Five-period crossover: each of the 56 participants received all five interventions (one arm per intervention), one per weekly visit, in an individually randomised order, with measurements immediately before and after each intervention; a baseline visit preceded the first intervention. Washout at least 6 days (median 7 days).
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Static Stretching | Experimental | Other: Static stretchingParticipants received 60 seconds of static stretching of the wrist flexors on one of five weekly crossover visits (order randomised per participant), with measurements immediately before and after. |
| Assisted Dynamic Stretching | Experimental | Other: Assisted dynamic stretchingParticipants received 60 seconds of assisted dynamic stretching of the wrist flexors on one of five weekly crossover visits (order randomised per participant), with measurements immediately before and after. |
| Kinesio Taping | Experimental | Other: Kinesio tapingParticipants received Kinesio taping of the wrist flexors on one of five weekly crossover visits (order randomised per participant), with measurements immediately before and after application, tape on. |
| Cold Water Immersion | Experimental | Other: Cold water immersionParticipants received 60 seconds of hand and forearm immersion in water at 14 degrees Celsius on one of five weekly crossover visits (order randomised per participant), with measurements immediately before and after. |
| Foam Rolling | Experimental | Other: Foam rollingParticipants received 60 seconds of foam rolling of the forearm flexors on one of five weekly crossover visits (order randomised per participant), with measurements immediately before and after. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 20 to 35 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Healthy adults aged 20-35 years recruited through a public call
- Right-hand dominant (dominant hand = throwing hand)
- Written informed consent
Key exclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Left-hand dominance
- Current pain in the dominant arm at rest, during exertion or movement
- History of injury limiting the function or range of motion of the dominant arm
- Diagnosed neuromuscular disorder
- Participation in competitive sport
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Static stretchingSeated, the participant grasped the fingers and palm of the test hand with the other hand, placed the fingers and wrist in maximal extension with the forearm supinated, extended the elbow fully and held the position for one continuous bout of 60 seconds at an intensity "to the limit of pain tolerance". | Other | Static Stretching |
| Assisted dynamic stretchingSeated with the forearm supinated, the participant actively extended the elbow and wrist; at the end of the active range the other hand grasped the fingers and palm and added passive extension of the fingers and wrist to the limit of pain tolerance; the position was held for about 2 seconds and the arm returned actively over about 2 seconds, non-ballistically; about 15 cycles in 60 seconds. | Other | Assisted Dynamic Stretching |
| Kinesio tapingKinesio Tex Gold 5-centimetre tape applied by the examiner: a Y-strip anchored without tension on the medial epicondyle with the tails along the wrist-flexor bellies to the wrist joint line at 30-40% tension (facilitation), and an I-strip across the palmar wrist at 50-75% tension with inward pressure (mechanical correction). The tape remained on during the post-intervention measurement. | Other | Kinesio Taping |
| Cold water immersionHand and forearm immersed above the elbow in water at 14 degrees Celsius (plus or minus 1 degree) for 60 seconds; arm towel-dried before testing. | Other | Cold Water Immersion |
| Foam rollingStanding, the forearm flexors were rolled on a smooth foam roller placed on a table, from distal to proximal and back, for 60 seconds, with pressure "to the limit of pain" and pauses on tender spots. | Other | Foam Rolling |
Primary outcome
Change in Peak Isometric Wrist-Flexion Force
Time frame: Pre-intervention and 10-20 seconds post-intervention at each of 5 intervention visits (Weeks 2-6)
Peak force (newtons), defined as the highest 1-second moving average of the force signal in the best of three maximal isometric wrist-flexion contractions. Change is expressed as the percentage change from pre- to post-intervention.
Change in Normalised Error of the Force-Tracking Task
Time frame: Pre-intervention and approximately 3-6 minutes post-intervention at each of 5 intervention visits (Weeks 2-6)
Normalised error (%) while tracking a randomly generated sinusoidal force curve with isometric wrist flexion, calculated as the root-mean-square deviation from the reference curve divided by its amplitude and averaged over three trials. Change is expressed as the percentage change from pre- to post-intervention.
Change in Normalised Error of the Position-Tracking Task
Time frame: Pre-intervention and approximately 8-11 minutes post-intervention at each of 5 intervention visits (Weeks 2-6)
Normalised error (%) while tracking a randomly generated sinusoidal wrist-angle curve with wrist flexion and extension, calculated as the root-mean-square deviation from the reference curve divided by its amplitude and averaged over three trials. Change is expressed as the percentage change from pre- to post-intervention.
12 secondary outcomes
Change in Active Palmar-Flexion Range of Motion
Time frame: Pre-intervention and approximately 6-8 minutes post-intervention at each of 5 intervention visits (Weeks 2-6)
Change of Tracking Error Across Visits in the Pre-intervention Measurements (Learning)
Time frame: Pre-intervention at each of 6 weekly visits (Weeks 1-6)
Change in Mean Absolute Error of the Force-Tracking Task
Time frame: Pre-intervention and approximately 3-6 minutes post-intervention at each of 5 intervention visits (Weeks 2-6)
Change in Mean Absolute Error of the Position-Tracking Task
Time frame: Pre-intervention and approximately 8-11 minutes post-intervention at each of 5 intervention visits (Weeks 2-6)
Change in Peak Force by Repetition Position
Time frame: Pre-intervention and 10-20 seconds post-intervention at each of 5 intervention visits (Weeks 2-6)
Within-Session Intraclass Correlation Coefficient
Time frame: 11 measurement occasions over 6 weeks (Weeks 1-6)
Between-Visit Intraclass Correlation Coefficient
Time frame: Pre-intervention at each of 6 weekly visits (Weeks 1-6)
Standard Error of Measurement of Peak Force
Time frame: 11 measurement occasions over 6 weeks (Weeks 1-6)
Standard Error of Measurement of the Normalised Tracking Errors
Time frame: 11 measurement occasions over 6 weeks (Weeks 1-6)
Minimal Detectable Change of Peak Force
Time frame: 11 measurement occasions over 6 weeks (Weeks 1-6)
Minimal Detectable Change of the Normalised Tracking Errors
Time frame: 11 measurement occasions over 6 weeks (Weeks 1-6)
Dispersion of Individual Responses
Time frame: Pre-intervention and 10-20 seconds post-intervention at each of 5 intervention visits (Weeks 2-6)
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 21 Oct 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. The anonymised trial-level dataset (all outcomes, all trials), the data dictionary and the analysis files are openly available in the Dabar repository of the University of Zagreb under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) licence.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Static stretching, Assisted dynamic stretching and Kinesio taping in people with Healthy Volunteers and Muscle Strength, run by Grgur Kovačić at 1 site in Croatia.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 6 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 21 Oct 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Croatia. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Change in Peak Isometric Wrist-Flexion Force (time frame: Pre-intervention and 10-20 seconds post-intervention at each of 5 intervention visits (Weeks 2-6)). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 21 Oct 2026.