Abdominal SurgeryNCT07906483
Effect of Baduanjin Exercise on Pain, Fatigue, and Quality of Recovery After Abdominal Surgery
A study testing Baduanjin Exercise in people with Abdominal Surgery and Baduanjin, run by University of Yalova.
Trial summary
This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effects of Baduanjin exercise on pain, fatigue, fatigue severity, and quality of recovery in patients undergoing abdominal surgery. A total of 60 participants will be randomly assigned to an intervention group or a control group. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 70 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Abdominal Surgery, Baduanjin
- What is being tested?
- Baduanjin Exercise
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 60 participants
- Where
- No sites listed yet
- Study dates
- 30 Oct 2026to 20 Dec 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 70 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Patients aged 18 years and older and younger than 70 years. Patients undergoing abdominal surgery. Patients who voluntarily agree to participate in the study and provide informed consent.
- Patients with a body mass index (BMI) below 40 kg/m². Patients with a Standardized Mini-Mental State Examination score of 24 or higher.
- Patients who are able to read and write.
Who cannot join
- Patients with communication or comprehension difficulties. Patients who receive sedation. Patients who have difficulty understanding or speaking Turkish. Patients with a psychiatric disorder who are receiving medication.
Trial locations and contacts
No sites are listed yet. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Nurşen Kulakaç, Assoc. Prof. contact
About this study
Official title: The Effect of Baduanjin Exercise on Pain, Fatigue, and Quality of Recovery in Patients Undergoing Abdominal Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial
This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effects of Baduanjin exercise on pain, fatigue, fatigue severity, and quality of recovery in patients undergoing abdominal surgery.
A total of 60 participants will be randomly assigned to an intervention group or a control group. Before surgery, participants in the intervention group will receive instruction in Baduanjin exercises and perform the exercises once to learn the technique. After hospital discharge, they will continue the Baduanjin exercise program three days per week for six weeks. Participants in the control group will receive standard hospital care without Baduanjin exercise.
At the end of weeks 3 and 6, pain, fatigue, fatigue severity, and quality of recovery will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Fatigue Scale, Fatigue Severity Scale, and Quality of Recovery-40 (QoR-40), respectively. Outcomes will be compared between the intervention and control groups.
Read the detailed description
This study aims to evaluate the effects of Baduanjin exercise on pain, fatigue, fatigue severity, and quality of recovery in patients undergoing abdominal surgery. The study is planned as a randomized, controlled, pretest-posttest experimental study involving 60 patients undergoing abdominal surgery at Gümüşhane State Hospital, Türkiye. Participants will be randomly assigned to an intervention group (n=30) or a control group (n=30). Before surgery, participants in the intervention group will be taught how to perform Baduanjin exercises and will perform the exercises once under instruction to learn the technique. After hospital discharge, participants will continue the Baduanjin exercise program three days per week for six weeks. Participants in the control group will receive standard hospital care without Baduanjin exercise. At the end of weeks 3 and 6, outcomes will be assessed in both groups using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) to measure pain intensity, the Fatigue Scale to assess fatigue, the Fatigue Severity Scale to assess fatigue severity, and the Quality of Recovery-40 (QoR-40) questionnaire to evaluate quality of recovery. The results will be compared between the intervention and control groups to determine the effects of the Baduanjin exercise program on pain, fatigue, fatigue severity, and quality of recovery following abdominal surgery.
- Conditions
- Abdominal Surgery, Baduanjin
- Being tested
- Baduanjin Exercise
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Baduanjin ExerciseOther
Participants in the intervention group will be taught Baduanjin exercises before surgery and will perform the exercises once under instruction to learn the technique. After hospital discharge, participants will continue the Baduanjin exercise program three days per week for six weeks. Pain, fatigue, fatigue severity, and quality of recovery will be assessed at the end of weeks 3 and 6 using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Fatigue Scale, Fatigue Severity Scale, and Quality of Recovery-40 (QoR-40), respectively.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Standart care | No intervention | Participants in this group will receive standard hospital care without Baduanjin exercise. Pain, fatigue, fatigue severity, and quality of recovery will be assessed at the end of weeks 3 and 6 using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Fatigue Scale, Fatigue Severity Scale, and Quality of Recovery-40 (QoR-40), respectively. |
| Baduanjin Exercise Group | Experimental | Participants in this group will receive instruction in Baduanjin exercises before surgery and will perform the exercises once under instruction to learn the technique. After hospital discharge, participants will continue the Baduanjin exercise program three days per week for six weeks. Pain, fatigue, fatigue severity, and quality of recovery will be assessed at the end of weeks 3 and 6 using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Fatigue Scale, Fatigue Severity Scale, and Quality of Recovery-40 (QoR-40), respectively. Receives: Other: Baduanjin Exercise |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
The Effect of Baduanjin on Pain
Visual Analog Scale (VAS): The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) is a commonly used tool for assessing pain. It consists of a 10-cm (100-mm) line ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst imaginable pain). In this study, the VAS will be used to assess pain in patients undergoing abdominal surgery at the end of weeks 3 and 6 after hospital discharge to evaluate the effect of Baduanjin exercise on pain.
Measured: At the end of weeks 3 and 6 after hospital discharge.
The Effect of Baduanjin on Fatigue
Fatigue Scale (FS): The Fatigue Scale was developed by Beurskens et al. in 2000 to assess chronic fatigue. The scale consists of 20 items and evaluates fatigue over the previous two weeks across four dimensions: subjective fatigue perception, concentration, motivation, and physical activity. The Turkish version was validated by Ergin et al. in 2009. The total score ranges from 20 to 140, with higher scores indicating greater chronic fatigue. In this study, the Fatigue Scale will be used to assess fatigue in patients undergoing abdominal surgery at the end of weeks 3 and 6 after hospital discharge to evaluate the effect of Baduanjin exercise on fatigue.
Measured: At the end of weeks 3 and 6 after hospital discharge.
The Effect of Baduanjin Exercise on Fatigue Severity
Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS): The Fatigue Severity Scale was developed by Krupp et al. in 1989 to assess fatigue severity, initially in patients with multiple sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus. It consists of nine items assessing the subjective severity of fatigue during the previous week. Each item is rated on a seven-point scale, and the total score is calculated as the arithmetic mean of the item scores. Higher scores indicate greater fatigue severity, and a score of approximately 4 or above generally suggests substantial fatigue. The Turkish validity and reliability study was conducted by Gencay Can et al. in 2012. In this study, the Fatigue Severity Scale will be used to assess fatigue severity in patients undergoing abdominal surgery at the end of weeks 3 and 6 after hospital discharge to evaluate the effect of Baduanjin exercise on fatigue severity.
Measured: At the end of weeks 3 and 6 after hospital discharge.
The Effect of Baduanjin Exercise on Quality of Recovery
Quality of Recovery-40 (QoR-40): The Quality of Recovery-40 (QoR-40) was developed by Myles et al. in 2000 and its Turkish validity and reliability were evaluated by Karaman et al. in 2014. The questionnaire consists of 40 items across five dimensions: emotional state, physical comfort, patient support, physical independence, and pain. Each item is rated on a five-point Likert scale, and the total score ranges from 40 to 200. Higher scores indicate better postoperative physical and emotional well-being, whereas lower scores indicate poorer quality of recovery. In this study, the QoR-40 will be used to assess quality of recovery in patients undergoing abdominal surgery at the end of weeks 3 and 6 after hospital discharge to evaluate the effect of Baduanjin exercise on postoperative recovery.
Measured: At the end of weeks 3 and 6 after hospital discharge.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted30 Oct 2026
- Study start30 Oct 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion20 Dec 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion20 Dec 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (3)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Abdominal SurgeryStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Yalova
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Gümüşhane Universıty
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Nurşen Kulakaç, Assoc. Prof., Study director, Gümüşhane Universıty
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07906483
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- NCNK
- Status last verified
- Oct 2026
- First submitted
- 24 Oct 2026
- Last updated
- 30 Oct 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Publications
Wu D, Li J, Dong H, Zheng Y, Liu Z, Shen Y, Cui H. Effect of Baduanjin on postoperative activity tolerance, lung function and negative emotions in patients with lung cancer: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2025 May 19;15(5):e093152. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-093152.
PubMed 40389318Wan Y, Fu Y, Bian Z, Wang C, Sun R, Lu Y, Lv H, Xuan L. Effects of traditional Chinese exercises for upper-limb dysfunction following breast cancer surgery: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2026 May 18;16(5):e112564. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-112564.
PubMed 42150829Liu X, Hao X, Zhang W, Zhang F, Liu H. Baduanjin sequential therapy's effects on quality of life and cardiac function in post-cardiac surgery heart disease patients: A systematic review. Medicine (Baltimore). 2026 Jan 2;105(1):e46855. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000046855.
PubMed 41496150
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 30 Oct 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effect of Baduanjin Exercise on Pain, Fatigue, and Quality of Recovery in Patients Undergoing Abdominal Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07906483
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- NCNK
- Conditions
- Abdominal Surgery, Baduanjin
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Not yet recruiting
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- University of YalovaUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Gümüşhane Universıty
- Study start
- 30 Oct 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- 20 Dec 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 20 Dec 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 30 Oct 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effects of Baduanjin exercise on pain, fatigue, fatigue severity, and quality of recovery in patients undergoing abdominal surgery.
A total of 60 participants will be randomly assigned to an intervention group or a control group. Before surgery, participants in the intervention group will receive instruction in Baduanjin exercises and perform the exercises once to learn the technique. After hospital discharge, they will continue the Baduanjin exercise program three days per week for six weeks. Participants in the control group will receive standard hospital care without Baduanjin exercise.
At the end of weeks 3 and 6, pain, fatigue, fatigue severity, and quality of recovery will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Fatigue Scale, Fatigue Severity Scale, and Quality of Recovery-40 (QoR-40), respectively. Outcomes will be compared between the intervention and control groups.
Detailed description
This study aims to evaluate the effects of Baduanjin exercise on pain, fatigue, fatigue severity, and quality of recovery in patients undergoing abdominal surgery. The study is planned as a randomized, controlled, pretest-posttest experimental study involving 60 patients undergoing abdominal surgery at Gümüşhane State Hospital, Türkiye. Participants will be randomly assigned to an intervention group (n=30) or a control group (n=30). Before surgery, participants in the intervention group will be taught how to perform Baduanjin exercises and will perform the exercises once under instruction to learn the technique. After hospital discharge, participants will continue the Baduanjin exercise program three days per week for six weeks. Participants in the control group will receive standard hospital care without Baduanjin exercise. At the end of weeks 3 and 6, outcomes will be assessed in both groups using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) to measure pain intensity, the Fatigue Scale to assess fatigue, the Fatigue Severity Scale to assess fatigue severity, and the Quality of Recovery-40 (QoR-40) questionnaire to evaluate quality of recovery. The results will be compared between the intervention and control groups to determine the effects of the Baduanjin exercise program on pain, fatigue, fatigue severity, and quality of recovery following abdominal surgery.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Standart care | No intervention | –Participants in this group will receive standard hospital care without Baduanjin exercise. Pain, fatigue, fatigue severity, and quality of recovery will be assessed at the end of weeks 3 and 6 using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Fatigue Scale, Fatigue Severity Scale, and Quality of Recovery-40 (QoR-40), respectively. |
| Baduanjin Exercise Group | Experimental | Other: Baduanjin ExerciseParticipants in this group will receive instruction in Baduanjin exercises before surgery and will perform the exercises once under instruction to learn the technique. After hospital discharge, participants will continue the Baduanjin exercise program three days per week for six weeks. Pain, fatigue, fatigue severity, and quality of recovery will be assessed at the end of weeks 3 and 6 using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Fatigue Scale, Fatigue Severity Scale, and Quality of Recovery-40 (QoR-40), respectively. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 70 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Patients aged 18 years and older and younger than 70 years. Patients undergoing abdominal surgery. Patients who voluntarily agree to participate in the study and provide informed consent.
- Patients with a body mass index (BMI) below 40 kg/m². Patients with a Standardized Mini-Mental State Examination score of 24 or higher.
- Patients who are able to read and write.
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Patients with communication or comprehension difficulties. Patients who receive sedation. Patients who have difficulty understanding or speaking Turkish. Patients with a psychiatric disorder who are receiving medication.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Baduanjin ExerciseParticipants in the intervention group will be taught Baduanjin exercises before surgery and will perform the exercises once under instruction to learn the technique. After hospital discharge, participants will continue the Baduanjin exercise program three days per week for six weeks. Pain, fatigue, fatigue severity, and quality of recovery will be assessed at the end of weeks 3 and 6 using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Fatigue Scale, Fatigue Severity Scale, and Quality of Recovery-40 (QoR-40), respectively. | Other | Baduanjin Exercise Group |
Primary outcome
The Effect of Baduanjin on Pain
Time frame: At the end of weeks 3 and 6 after hospital discharge.
Visual Analog Scale (VAS): The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) is a commonly used tool for assessing pain. It consists of a 10-cm (100-mm) line ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst imaginable pain). In this study, the VAS will be used to assess pain in patients undergoing abdominal surgery at the end of weeks 3 and 6 after hospital discharge to evaluate the effect of Baduanjin exercise on pain.
The Effect of Baduanjin on Fatigue
Time frame: At the end of weeks 3 and 6 after hospital discharge.
Fatigue Scale (FS): The Fatigue Scale was developed by Beurskens et al. in 2000 to assess chronic fatigue. The scale consists of 20 items and evaluates fatigue over the previous two weeks across four dimensions: subjective fatigue perception, concentration, motivation, and physical activity. The Turkish version was validated by Ergin et al. in 2009. The total score ranges from 20 to 140, with higher scores indicating greater chronic fatigue. In this study, the Fatigue Scale will be used to assess fatigue in patients undergoing abdominal surgery at the end of weeks 3 and 6 after hospital discharge to evaluate the effect of Baduanjin exercise on fatigue.
The Effect of Baduanjin Exercise on Fatigue Severity
Time frame: At the end of weeks 3 and 6 after hospital discharge.
Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS): The Fatigue Severity Scale was developed by Krupp et al. in 1989 to assess fatigue severity, initially in patients with multiple sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus. It consists of nine items assessing the subjective severity of fatigue during the previous week. Each item is rated on a seven-point scale, and the total score is calculated as the arithmetic mean of the item scores. Higher scores indicate greater fatigue severity, and a score of approximately 4 or above generally suggests substantial fatigue. The Turkish validity and reliability study was conducted by Gencay Can et al. in 2012. In this study, the Fatigue Severity Scale will be used to assess fatigue severity in patients undergoing abdominal surgery at the end of weeks 3 and 6 after hospital discharge to evaluate the effect of Baduanjin exercise on fatigue severity.
The Effect of Baduanjin Exercise on Quality of Recovery
Time frame: At the end of weeks 3 and 6 after hospital discharge.
Quality of Recovery-40 (QoR-40): The Quality of Recovery-40 (QoR-40) was developed by Myles et al. in 2000 and its Turkish validity and reliability were evaluated by Karaman et al. in 2014. The questionnaire consists of 40 items across five dimensions: emotional state, physical comfort, patient support, physical independence, and pain. Each item is rated on a five-point Likert scale, and the total score ranges from 40 to 200. Higher scores indicate better postoperative physical and emotional well-being, whereas lower scores indicate poorer quality of recovery. In this study, the QoR-40 will be used to assess quality of recovery in patients undergoing abdominal surgery at the end of weeks 3 and 6 after hospital discharge to evaluate the effect of Baduanjin exercise on postoperative recovery.
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 30 Oct 2026.
- Background: PubMed 40389318Wu D, Li J, Dong H, Zheng Y, Liu Z, Shen Y, Cui H. Effect of Baduanjin on postoperative activity tolerance, lung function and negative emotions in patients with lung cancer: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2025 May 19;15(5):e093152. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-093152.
- Background: PubMed 42150829Wan Y, Fu Y, Bian Z, Wang C, Sun R, Lu Y, Lv H, Xuan L. Effects of traditional Chinese exercises for upper-limb dysfunction following breast cancer surgery: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2026 May 18;16(5):e112564. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-112564.
- Background: PubMed 41496150Liu X, Hao X, Zhang W, Zhang F, Liu H. Baduanjin sequential therapy's effects on quality of life and cardiac function in post-cardiac surgery heart disease patients: A systematic review. Medicine (Baltimore). 2026 Jan 2;105(1):e46855. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000046855.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Nurşen Kulakaç, Assoc. Prof. contact
Nurşen Kulakaç, Assoc. Prof. study director
Gümüşhane Universıty
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Baduanjin Exercise in people with Abdominal Surgery and Baduanjin, run by University of Yalova.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: opening soon, as of the sponsor's last update on 30 Oct 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact NİRAN ÇOBAN, Asst. prof. (05301586912, nirancoban@gmail.com), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
The Effect of Baduanjin on Pain (time frame: At the end of weeks 3 and 6 after hospital discharge.). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07906483, which also lists 3 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 30 Oct 2026.