Athletic PerformanceNCT07912580
Acute Effects of Shoulder Dynamic Taping in Competitive Volleyball Players
A study testing Dynamic shoulder taping in people with Athletic Performance and Shoulder Muscle Strength, run by Balikesir University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
This randomized, sham-controlled study investigated the acute effects of shoulder Dynamic Tape on serve velocity, isometric shoulder rotator muscle strength, functional throwing performance, and athlete satisfaction in competitive volleyball players. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 35 years, women onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Athletic Performance, Shoulder Muscle Strength, Taping
- What is being tested?
- Dynamic shoulder taping
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 30 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 3 Feb 2025to 18 Apr 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 35 years
- Women only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Aged between 18 and 35 years.
- Willing to participate in the study and providing written informed consent.
- Playing competitively for a volleyball club participating in the Turkish Volleyball League.
Who cannot join
- History of shoulder surgery within the previous 12 months.
- Shoulder injury within the previous 3 months.
- Presence of any systemic or neurological disorder.
- Known allergy to the taping material.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Balikesir University
Balıkesir, Altıeylul, 10145
About this study
Official title: Acute Effects of Shoulder Dynamic Taping on Serve Velocity, Shoulder Rotator Muscle Strength, and Functional Throwing Performance in Competitive Volleyball Players: A Sham-Controlled Randomized Trial
This randomized, sham-controlled study investigated the acute effects of shoulder Dynamic Tape on serve velocity, isometric shoulder rotator muscle strength, functional throwing performance, and athlete satisfaction in competitive volleyball players. Thirty athletes aged 18-35 years were randomly assigned to a Dynamic Tape group (n = 15) or a sham taping group (n = 15). In both groups, serve velocity, shoulder internal and external rotation strength, and functional throwing performance were assessed under taped and untaped conditions. The order of the assessment conditions was randomized to minimize order effects. Assessments under the taped condition were performed 45 minutes after tape application. Athlete satisfaction was evaluated following taping.
- Conditions
- Athletic Performance, Shoulder Muscle Strength, Taping
- Being tested
- Dynamic shoulder taping, Sham shoulder taping
- Keywords
- Dynamic tape; Volleyball; Serve velocity; Shoulder rotator muscle strength; Functional throwing performance
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Dynamic shoulder tapingOther
Also called Dynamic Tape (DT)
Dynamic Tape was applied to the dominant shoulder with the glenohumeral joint internally rotated and the hand resting on the ipsilateral hip. The tape was anchored to the distal lateral humerus and applied proximally in a spiral pattern at approximately 45°, passing posterior to the glenohumeral joint. It was then directed anteriorly across the shoulder onto the chest to provide mechanical support. The initial and final 3-4 cm of the tape were applied without tension.
Sham shoulder tapingOther
Also called Sham taping (ST)
Dynamic Tape was applied without tension as a straight I-strip extending distally from the shoulder joint along the lateral upper arm, with the shoulder maintained in a neutral position. The sham technique was intended to preserve cutaneous stimulation while minimizing the mechanical support associated with the active taping technique.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Dynamic Tape | Experimental | Fifteen competitive volleyball players were assigned to the Dynamic Tape group. Dynamic Tape was applied to the dominant shoulder using a spiral technique designed to provide mechanical support to the shoulder complex. Serve velocity, isometric shoulder internal and external rotation strength, and functional throwing performance were assessed under taped and untaped conditions. Assessments in the taped condition were performed 45 minutes after tape application. Receives: Other: Dynamic shoulder taping |
| Sham Taping | Sham comparator | Fifteen competitive volleyball players were assigned to the sham taping group. Dynamic Tape was applied without tension as a straight I-strip along the lateral aspect of the dominant upper arm, with the shoulder in a neutral position. This application was intended to provide cutaneous stimulation without the directional mechanical support of the active taping technique. Participants were assessed under both taped and untaped conditions, with the taped assessment performed 45 minutes after application. Receives: Other: Sham shoulder taping |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Serve Velocity
Serve velocity was measured using a handheld radar gun (Bushnell Speed Radar Gun, Model 101911). Participants performed three successful maximal-effort serves under both taped and untaped conditions. The mean velocity of the three successful serves was calculated for each condition. Serve velocity was recorded in kilometers per hour (km/h).
Measured: During a single assessment session, in randomized order: (1) untaped assessment, either before tape application or 45 minutes after tape removal following a washout period; and (2) taped assessment, 45 minutes after tape application.
Secondary outcomes (4)
Isometric Shoulder Internal Rotation Strength
Isometric shoulder internal rotation strength was measured on the dominant arm using a MicroFET2 handheld dynamometer. Participants were positioned prone with the shoulder abducted to 90° and elbow flexed to 90°. Three maximal isometric contractions were performed using the break-test method, with 1-minute rest intervals. The mean peak force of the three trials was recorded in kilograms-force (kgf). Higher values indicate greater muscle strength.
Measured: During a single assessment session, in randomized order: (1) untaped assessment, either before tape application or 45 minutes after tape removal following a washout period; and (2) taped assessment, 45 minutes after tape application.
Isometric Shoulder External Rotation Strength
Isometric shoulder external rotation strength was measured on the dominant arm using a MicroFET2 handheld dynamometer. Participants were positioned prone with the shoulder abducted to 90° and elbow flexed to 90°. Three maximal isometric contractions were performed using the break-test method, with 1-minute rest intervals. The mean peak force of the three trials was recorded in kilograms-force (kgf). Higher values indicate greater muscle strength.
Measured: During a single assessment session, in randomized order: (1) untaped assessment, either before tape application or 45 minutes after tape removal following a washout period; and (2) taped assessment, 45 minutes after tape application.
Functional Throwing Performance Index (FTPI)
Functional throwing performance was assessed using the Functional Throwing Performance Index (FTPI). Participants repeatedly threw a ball at a 30 × 30 cm target positioned 120 cm above the floor from a distance of 4.5 m for 30 seconds. FTPI was calculated as the percentage of successful throws relative to the total number of throws. Three trials were performed with 1-minute rest intervals, and the mean FTPI percentage was used for analysis. Higher scores indicate greater throwing accuracy.
Measured: During a single assessment session, in randomized order: (1) untaped assessment, either before tape application or 45 minutes after tape removal following a washout period; and (2) taped assessment, 45 minutes after tape application.
Athlete Satisfaction With Taping
Athlete satisfaction with the assigned taping intervention was assessed once after completion of all performance assessments. Participants rated their overall satisfaction specifically with the taped condition using a study-specific, single-item, 11-point numerical rating scale ranging from 0 (not satisfied at all) to 10 (completely satisfied). Higher scores indicate greater satisfaction with the taping intervention.
Measured: Once, immediately after completion of all performance assessments (Day 1).
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted3 Nov 2026
- Study start3 Feb 2025
- Primary completion18 Apr 2025
- Study completion18 Apr 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Athletic PerformanceStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Participants were randomly assigned to either the Dynamic Tape (DT) group or the sham taping (ST) group. Within each group, the order of taped and untaped assessment conditions was independently randomized. Each participant completed both assessment conditions without crossing over between the intervention groups.
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 30 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Balikesir University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Serdar Demirci, Balikesir University
- Investigators
- SERDAR DEMİRCİ, PhD, Principal investigator, Balikesir University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07912580
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2024/60
- Other IDs
- 1919B012308879
- Status last verified
- Oct 2026
- First submitted
- 27 Oct 2026
- Last updated
- 3 Nov 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: De-identified individual participant data underlying the results reported in this study, including serve velocity, shoulder rotator muscle strength, functional throwing performance, and athlete satisfaction, will be available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request for scientific research purposes, subject to applicable ethical and institutional requirements.
Publications
Huang HM, Hsu CY, Hsu TH, Hsieh IF, Yang PC, Cheng YH. The effect of Dynamic tape's directional support on shoulder fatigue and pitching performance in amateur baseball players: a randomized crossover trial. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2024 Aug 23;16(1):177. doi: 10.1186/s13102-024-00965-8.
PubMed 39180114
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 3 Nov 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Acute Effects of Shoulder Dynamic Taping on Serve Velocity, Shoulder Rotator Muscle Strength, and Functional Throwing Performance in Competitive Volleyball Players: A Sham-Controlled Randomized Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07912580
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 2024/60
- Conditions
- Athletic Performance, Shoulder Muscle Strength, Taping
- Keywords
- Dynamic tape; Volleyball; Serve velocity; Shoulder rotator muscle strength; Functional throwing performance
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 30 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Balikesir UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey
- Study start
- 3 Feb 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 18 Apr 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 18 Apr 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 3 Nov 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This randomized, sham-controlled study investigated the acute effects of shoulder Dynamic Tape on serve velocity, isometric shoulder rotator muscle strength, functional throwing performance, and athlete satisfaction in competitive volleyball players. Thirty athletes aged 18-35 years were randomly assigned to a Dynamic Tape group (n = 15) or a sham taping group (n = 15). In both groups, serve velocity, shoulder internal and external rotation strength, and functional throwing performance were assessed under taped and untaped conditions. The order of the assessment conditions was randomized to minimize order effects. Assessments under the taped condition were performed 45 minutes after tape application. Athlete satisfaction was evaluated following taping.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Participants were randomly assigned to either the Dynamic Tape (DT) group or the sham taping (ST) group. Within each group, the order of taped and untaped assessment conditions was independently randomized. Each participant completed both assessment conditions without crossing over between the intervention groups.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Dynamic Tape | Experimental | Other: Dynamic shoulder tapingFifteen competitive volleyball players were assigned to the Dynamic Tape group. Dynamic Tape was applied to the dominant shoulder using a spiral technique designed to provide mechanical support to the shoulder complex. Serve velocity, isometric shoulder internal and external rotation strength, and functional throwing performance were assessed under taped and untaped conditions. Assessments in the taped condition were performed 45 minutes after tape application. |
| Sham Taping | Sham comparator | Other: Sham shoulder tapingFifteen competitive volleyball players were assigned to the sham taping group. Dynamic Tape was applied without tension as a straight I-strip along the lateral aspect of the dominant upper arm, with the shoulder in a neutral position. This application was intended to provide cutaneous stimulation without the directional mechanical support of the active taping technique. Participants were assessed under both taped and untaped conditions, with the taped assessment performed 45 minutes after application. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 35 years
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Aged between 18 and 35 years.
- Willing to participate in the study and providing written informed consent.
- Playing competitively for a volleyball club participating in the Turkish Volleyball League.
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- History of shoulder surgery within the previous 12 months.
- Shoulder injury within the previous 3 months.
- Presence of any systemic or neurological disorder.
- Known allergy to the taping material.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Dynamic shoulder tapingAlso: Dynamic Tape (DT)Dynamic Tape was applied to the dominant shoulder with the glenohumeral joint internally rotated and the hand resting on the ipsilateral hip. The tape was anchored to the distal lateral humerus and applied proximally in a spiral pattern at approximately 45°, passing posterior to the glenohumeral joint. It was then directed anteriorly across the shoulder onto the chest to provide mechanical support. The initial and final 3-4 cm of the tape were applied without tension. | Other | Dynamic Tape |
| Sham shoulder tapingAlso: Sham taping (ST)Dynamic Tape was applied without tension as a straight I-strip extending distally from the shoulder joint along the lateral upper arm, with the shoulder maintained in a neutral position. The sham technique was intended to preserve cutaneous stimulation while minimizing the mechanical support associated with the active taping technique. | Other | Sham Taping |
Primary outcome
Serve Velocity
Time frame: During a single assessment session, in randomized order: (1) untaped assessment, either before tape application or 45 minutes after tape removal following a washout period; and (2) taped assessment, 45 minutes after tape application.
Serve velocity was measured using a handheld radar gun (Bushnell Speed Radar Gun, Model 101911). Participants performed three successful maximal-effort serves under both taped and untaped conditions. The mean velocity of the three successful serves was calculated for each condition. Serve velocity was recorded in kilometers per hour (km/h).
4 secondary outcomes
Isometric Shoulder Internal Rotation Strength
Time frame: During a single assessment session, in randomized order: (1) untaped assessment, either before tape application or 45 minutes after tape removal following a washout period; and (2) taped assessment, 45 minutes after tape application.
Isometric Shoulder External Rotation Strength
Time frame: During a single assessment session, in randomized order: (1) untaped assessment, either before tape application or 45 minutes after tape removal following a washout period; and (2) taped assessment, 45 minutes after tape application.
Functional Throwing Performance Index (FTPI)
Time frame: During a single assessment session, in randomized order: (1) untaped assessment, either before tape application or 45 minutes after tape removal following a washout period; and (2) taped assessment, 45 minutes after tape application.
Athlete Satisfaction With Taping
Time frame: Once, immediately after completion of all performance assessments (Day 1).
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 3 Nov 2026.
- Results publication: PubMed 39180114Huang HM, Hsu CY, Hsu TH, Hsieh IF, Yang PC, Cheng YH. The effect of Dynamic tape's directional support on shoulder fatigue and pitching performance in amateur baseball players: a randomized crossover trial. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2024 Aug 23;16(1):177. doi: 10.1186/s13102-024-00965-8.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. De-identified individual participant data underlying the results reported in this study, including serve velocity, shoulder rotator muscle strength, functional throwing performance, and athlete satisfaction, will be available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request for scientific research purposes, subject to applicable ethical and institutional requirements.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
SERDAR DEMİRCİ, PhD principal investigator
Balikesir University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Dynamic shoulder taping in people with Athletic Performance and Shoulder Muscle Strength, run by Balikesir University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 3 Nov 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Serve Velocity (time frame: During a single assessment session, in randomized order: (1) untaped assessment, either before tape application or 45 minutes after tape removal following a washout period; and (2) taped assessment, 45 minutes after tape application.). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07912580, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 3 Nov 2026.