OsteoporosisPhase 1NCT00366860
Effect of Soy Bread on Markers of Bone Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease
A Phase 1 study testing Soy bread in people with Osteoporosis and Cardiovascular Diseases, run by University of Michigan at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
A study was designed with two specific aims: (1) to assess the effect of soy bread, compared with wheat bread, on markers of bone metabolism and cardiovascular health, and (2) to evaluate whether soy bread consumption affects the metabolism of phytoestrogens. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 50 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Osteoporosis, Cardiovascular Diseases
- What is being tested?
- Soy bread
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 18 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- Jan 2004to May 2008
- Phase
- Phase 1
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 50 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Post-menopausal women and men who were 50 years of age or older.
Who cannot join
- Allergy to soy, wheat, and/or nuts. Use of hormone replacement therapy within the past 6 months. Diagnosis of osteoporosis or use of bone loss medications. Use of drugs within the past 3 months which increase the risk of osteoporosis. End-stage renal disease or other nephropathies. Chemotherapy within the past 6 months. Active gastrointestinal disorders. Diagnosis of thyroid disorder. Use of cholesterol-lowering medications within the past month. Vitamin, mineral, protein, and/or calorie deficiency. Alcoholism, acute or chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis. Use of systemic antibiotics within the past 6 months. Currently under dietary restrictions that would conflict with the intervention. Anticipated mental or physical incapability of adhering to the dietary protocol during the time period of the study (e.g. expected travel).
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
A study was designed with two specific aims: (1) to assess the effect of soy bread, compared with wheat bread, on markers of bone metabolism and cardiovascular health, and (2) to evaluate whether soy bread consumption affects the metabolism of phytoestrogens. To answer Aim 1, a double-blind randomized crossover trial was conducted. Individuals with an ability to metabolize a specific isoflavone, daidzein, consumed 3 slices of bread (either soy or wheat) daily over a 12-week period. After a 4-week wash-out period, subjects consumed 3 slices/day of the other type of bread. Markers of bone metabolism and cardiovascular health were evaluated before and after each time period. To answer Aim 2, individuals who did not metabolize daidzein at baseline entered a double-blind randomized trial of soy bread with or without fructooligosaccharide (a type of dietary fiber) over an 8-week period. Subjects were evaluated regarding their ability to metabolize daidzein to equol.
Read the detailed description
Soy beans are rich in isoflavones, such as genistein and daidzein, which exhibit estrogenic activity. While the cardiovascular benefits of isoflavones in soy have been recognized, the effects on bone metabolism are less well known. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration expressed an interest in the effects of soy on bone loss and a former NASA scientist developed a soy product, soy bread, which may be more palatable for most Americans than currently available soy foods. A two-treatment two-period crossover trial was conducted to assess the effects of soy bread consumption on deoxypyridinoline, N-telopeptides, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, calcium, leptin, insulin-like growth factor-1, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, testosterone, cholesterol (total, HDL, LDL), triglycerides, apolipoprotein AI, apolipoprotein B, C-reactive protein, and glycosylated hemoglobin. The crossover trial was conducted in subjects identified as having the ability to metabolize daidzein to equol. The treatment was 3 servings of soy bread daily over a 12-week period. The control period included 3 servings of a placebo wheat bread over a 12-week period. For subjects who did not metabolize daidzein to equol at baseline, a pretest-posttest trial of soy bread consumption over an 8-week period was conducted to examine whether 3 servings/day of soy bread increased urinary equol concentrations and whether the addition of fructooligosaccharide enhanced this excretion.
- Conditions
- Osteoporosis, Cardiovascular Diseases
- Being tested
- Soy bread
- Keywords
- soy, isoflavones, bone resorption, osteogenesis, diet, hyperlipidemia
- Medical subject headings
- Osteoporosis, Cardiovascular Diseases, Bone Resorption, Hyperlipidemias
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Soy breadBehavioural
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Soy bread | Experimental | Soy bread (75-100 mg isoflavone/day) for 12 weeks Receives: Behavioral: Soy bread |
| Wheat bread | Active comparator | Wheat bread for 12 weeks Receives: Behavioral: Soy bread |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
deoxypyridinoline
Urinary deoxypyridinoline
Measured: 12 weeks
Secondary outcomes (1)
N-telopeptides, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoproteins, C-reactive protein, HbA1c
Measured: 12 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted21 Aug 2006 (estimated)
- Study startJan 2004
- Primary completionMay 2008
- Study completionMay 2008
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for OsteoporosisStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by University of MichiganThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 1
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- Quadruple blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 18 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Michigan
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Ohio State University
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Mary A.M. Rogers, University of Michigan
- Investigators
- Mary A.M. Rogers, PhD, Principal investigator, University of Michigan
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT00366860
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- GCRC Protocol #1971
- Status last verified
- Dec 2014
- First submitted
- 17 Aug 2006
- Last updated
- 2 Dec 2014
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 2 Dec 2014. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effect of Soy Bread on Markers of Bone Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT00366860
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- GCRC Protocol #1971
- Conditions
- Osteoporosis, Cardiovascular Diseases
- Keywords
- soy, isoflavones, bone resorption, osteogenesis, diet, hyperlipidemia
- Phase
- Phase 1
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 18 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of MichiganUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Ohio State University
- Study start
- Jan 2004
- Primary completion
- May 2008 (actual)
- Study completion
- May 2008 (actual)
- First posted
- 21 Aug 2006 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
A study was designed with two specific aims: (1) to assess the effect of soy bread, compared with wheat bread, on markers of bone metabolism and cardiovascular health, and (2) to evaluate whether soy bread consumption affects the metabolism of phytoestrogens. To answer Aim 1, a double-blind randomized crossover trial was conducted. Individuals with an ability to metabolize a specific isoflavone, daidzein, consumed 3 slices of bread (either soy or wheat) daily over a 12-week period. After a 4-week wash-out period, subjects consumed 3 slices/day of the other type of bread. Markers of bone metabolism and cardiovascular health were evaluated before and after each time period. To answer Aim 2, individuals who did not metabolize daidzein at baseline entered a double-blind randomized trial of soy bread with or without fructooligosaccharide (a type of dietary fiber) over an 8-week period. Subjects were evaluated regarding their ability to metabolize daidzein to equol.
Detailed description
Soy beans are rich in isoflavones, such as genistein and daidzein, which exhibit estrogenic activity. While the cardiovascular benefits of isoflavones in soy have been recognized, the effects on bone metabolism are less well known. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration expressed an interest in the effects of soy on bone loss and a former NASA scientist developed a soy product, soy bread, which may be more palatable for most Americans than currently available soy foods. A two-treatment two-period crossover trial was conducted to assess the effects of soy bread consumption on deoxypyridinoline, N-telopeptides, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, calcium, leptin, insulin-like growth factor-1, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, testosterone, cholesterol (total, HDL, LDL), triglycerides, apolipoprotein AI, apolipoprotein B, C-reactive protein, and glycosylated hemoglobin. The crossover trial was conducted in subjects identified as having the ability to metabolize daidzein to equol. The treatment was 3 servings of soy bread daily over a 12-week period. The control period included 3 servings of a placebo wheat bread over a 12-week period. For subjects who did not metabolize daidzein to equol at baseline, a pretest-posttest trial of soy bread consumption over an 8-week period was conducted to examine whether 3 servings/day of soy bread increased urinary equol concentrations and whether the addition of fructooligosaccharide enhanced this excretion.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- Quadruple blind (participant, care provider, investigator, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Soy bread | Experimental | Behavioral: Soy breadSoy bread (75-100 mg isoflavone/day) for 12 weeks |
| Wheat bread | Active comparator | Behavioral: Soy breadWheat bread for 12 weeks |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 50 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Post-menopausal women and men who were 50 years of age or older.
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Allergy to soy, wheat, and/or nuts. Use of hormone replacement therapy within the past 6 months. Diagnosis of osteoporosis or use of bone loss medications. Use of drugs within the past 3 months which increase the risk of osteoporosis. End-stage renal disease or other nephropathies. Chemotherapy within the past 6 months. Active gastrointestinal disorders. Diagnosis of thyroid disorder. Use of cholesterol-lowering medications within the past month. Vitamin, mineral, protein, and/or calorie deficiency. Alcoholism, acute or chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis. Use of systemic antibiotics within the past 6 months. Currently under dietary restrictions that would conflict with the intervention. Anticipated mental or physical incapability of adhering to the dietary protocol during the time period of the study (e.g. expected travel).
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Soy bread | Behavioural | Soy bread, Wheat bread |
Primary outcome
deoxypyridinoline
Time frame: 12 weeks
Urinary deoxypyridinoline
1 secondary outcome
N-telopeptides, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoproteins, C-reactive protein, HbA1c
Time frame: 12 weeks
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 2 Dec 2014.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Mary A.M. Rogers, PhD principal investigator
University of Michigan
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 1 study testing Soy bread in people with Osteoporosis and Cardiovascular Diseases, run by University of Michigan at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 2 Dec 2014. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 1 studies test a treatment in a small group of people for the first time or in a new way, mainly to check safety and find the right dose.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
deoxypyridinoline (time frame: 12 weeks). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 2 Dec 2014.