Drug AbuseNCT01036685
Cognitive Task Development and Implementation for Functional MRI Studies
An observational study of Drug Abuse and Nicotine Dependence, run by National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
Background: Drugs of abuse have effects on mood, behavior, thinking, and decision making that may encourage people to continue using them and make it difficult for them to stop. Researchers who study these effects are interested in developing new tests to evaluate how drugs and drug use affect different areas of the… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 65 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Drug Abuse, Nicotine Dependence
- How many people
- 525 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 22 May 2005to not given
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Study population: Subjects must be between the ages of 18-65 and be generally healthy. (Please note that references to adults in this protocol refers to those age 18 and older). Depending on the task being developed and specific task goals, they may have a substance use disorder or have no history of substance use.
Who may be able to join
- Bench Only Phase (no MRI)
- Participants will be considered for one of three categories: 379-bench-control, 379-bench-smoker/vaper, 379-bench-user. Vapers will be admitted to experiments involving smoking cues (with cues specific to vaping) because it has been shown that responses to vaping cues are very similar to responses to smoking cues and can be lumped together in analyses.
- Participant must meet the following inclusion criteria for the Bench Only Phase:
- Between the ages of 18-65.
- All subjects must be able to provide informed consent/assent.
- Additional criteria for specific populations:
- 379-bench-smoker/vaper: regular smoker of tobacco cigarettes or nicotine vaper with a urine cotinine level corresponding to nicotine user status for the specific test being used (typically corresponding to a urine cotinine above about 200 ng/ml) and have been smoking or vaping consistently for at least one year (excluding quit attempts)
- 379-bench-user: DSM-V substance use disorder on a substance other than nicotine.
Who cannot join
- Bench Only Phase (Does not require MRI. Task requires gathering of accurate behavioral data).
- History of neurologic injury including but not limited to CVA, CNS tumor, or head trauma with persistent sequelae. Assessment tool: pre-screen survey and medical history.
- Rationale: Neurologic injury is likely to impair performance on the range of tasks to be piloted under this protocol.
- Current use of psychoactive medications likely to affect the performance of the task under consideration, unless required for the psychiatric disorder for which participants in the 379-user and 379-other-psych-diagnosis subcategories are being treated. Assessment tool: pre-screen survey, medical history. Rationale: certain psychoactive medications may alter performance on the range of tasks to be piloted under this protocol.
- Cognitive impairment. Assessment tool: self report of extended placement in special education classes for learning problems, history of specific learning disability or mental retardation. Rationale: Cognitive impairment is likely to impair performance on the range of tasks to be piloted under this protocol and may impair ability to tolerate the procedures.
- Current major mood, anxiety or psychotic disorder with symptoms severe enough to impair ability to participate (unless task is being evaluated in a specific clinical population). Assessment tool: self report, medical history. Rationale: Current major mood or psychotic disorders with poorly controlled symptoms may impair performance on the range of tasks to be piloted under this protocol and may impair ability to tolerate the procedures.
- Non-English speaking. Assessment tool(s): self-report. Rationale: To include non-English speakers, we would have to translate the consent and other study documents and hire and train bilingual staff, which would require resources that we do not have and could not justify given the small sample size for each experiment. Additionally, the data integrity of some of the cognitive tasks and standardized questionnaires used in this study would be compromised as they have only been validated in English. Most importantly, ongoing communication regarding safety procedures is necessary when participants are undergoing study procedures. The inability to effectively communicate safety procedures in a language other than English could compromise the safety of non-English speaking participants.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
National Institute on Drug Abuse, Biomedical Research Center (BRC)
Baltimore, Maryland, 21224
About this study
Background:
- Drugs of abuse have effects on mood, behavior, thinking, and decision making that may encourage people to continue using them and make it difficult for them to stop. Researchers who study these effects are interested in developing new tests to evaluate how drugs and drug use affect different areas of the brain.
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans allow researchers to study brain activity and changes to brain function. When specific psychological tests are performed during functional MRI (fMRI) scans, researchers can examine the effects of drug use on the brain. By developing and testing new procedures for fMRI studies, more information can be obtained on brain function and activity in drug-using and non-drug-using individuals, and this information can help develop new treatments and therapies for substance abuse.
Read more
Objectives:
- To develop, assess and refine of cognitive and affective tasks and determination of their practical feasibility and efficacy for both MRI and non-MRI application.
Eligibility:
- Healthy volunteers between 18 and 65 years of age who are willing to undergo MRI scanning.
- Both drug-using and non-drug-using individuals will be selected for this study.
Design:
- Before the start of the study, participants may complete as assessment of medical and psychological history, and provide information about past or current drug use. Researchers will introduce the tasks to be performed and may have participants practice the tasks.
- During the study, participants will be asked to do one or more tasks selected by the researchers. The tasks may be performed on a computer in an MRI machine, and may involve receiving rewards (such as money or sips of juice) for actions, memory and reaction-time tests, or other tests that involve responding to instructions on the screen.
- Participants will receive compensation for their participation in the study, including hourly compensation for individual visits.
Read the detailed description
Objective: Drugs of abuse have cognitive and affective effects that may contribute to the inception and maintenance of their use. In order to measure these effects, psychological tests suitable for use both in and outside the fMRI scanner need to be developed and validated. Thus, the objective of this protocol is to allow for the development, assessment and refinement of cognitive and affective tasks and determination of their practical feasibility and efficacy for both MRI and non-MRI application.
Study Population: This minimal-risk protocol will employ volunteer participants aged 18-65, who must be generally healthy. In order to ensure applicability to relevant groups, both drug and nondrug using volunteers as well as those recruited from clinical populations will be used to validate task design and parameters.
Design: Participants may pilot tasks outside and/or inside the MRI scanner, depending on the aspects of task development requiring verification. Tasks developed de novo will undergo both steps. Modifications to previously published MRI tasks may require only one of the steps. Upon their successful verification, specific experimental manipulations will be performed under separate, hypothesis driven protocols.
Outcome measures: Our goal is to determine if the tasks developed reliably and appropriately measure specific cognitive constructs and behaviors thought to be associated with specific brain systems, if they yield measurable and interpretable fMRI results.
- Conditions
- Drug Abuse, Nicotine Dependence
- Keywords
- Task Development, Natural History, fMRI, Cognition, Affect
- Medical subject headings
- Substance-Related Disorders, Tobacco Use Disorder
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| 379-bench-control | healthy control who will only do behavioral tasks | |
| 379-bench-other-psych-diagnosis | someone with a DSM-V disorder, stable and in treatment (i.e., no medication changes in the previous four weeks and a clearly identified treating psychiatrist) who will only do behavioral tasks | |
| 379-bench-smoker | daily smoker of tobacco cigarettes for at least one year (excluding quit attempts) who will only do behavioral tasks | |
| 379-bench-user | someone with a DSM-V substance use disorder on a substance other than nicotine who will only do behavioral tasks | |
| 379-control | healthy control who can do MRI | |
| 379-other-psych -diagnosis | someone with a DSM-V disorder, stable and in treatment (i.e., no medication changes in the previous four weeks and a clearly identified treating psychiatrist) who can do MRI | |
| 379-smoker | daily smoker of tobacco cigarettes for at least one year (excluding quit attempts) who can do MRI | |
| 379-user | someone with a DSM-V substance use disorder on a substance other than nicotine who can do MRI |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
To determine if the tasks reliably and appropriately measure specific cognitive constructs and behaviors thought to be associated with specific brain systems and, also if they yield measurable and interpretable fMRI results.
- To derive the parameters necessary to determine the reliability and validity of cognitive tasks.2. To determine the ability of various control and target populations to perform the tasks appropriately in and out of the MRI scanner.3. To determine the task parameters optimal for the activation of specific brain regions when employed during fMRI scanning.
Measured: each visit
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted21 Dec 2009 (estimated)
- Study start22 May 2005
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Drug AbuseStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Case-control
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Enrolment
- 525 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
- Sponsor type
- US National Institutes of Health
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Thomas J Ross, Ph.D., Principal investigator, National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01036685
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 999903379
- Other IDs
- 03-DA-N379
- Status last verified
- 11 Jun 2026
- First submitted
- 18 Dec 2009
- Last updated
- 8 Oct 2026
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: There is no plan to share raw data from the study as this is a task development protocol in which the objective is the development, assessment and refinement of cognitive and affective tasks and determination of their practical feasibility and efficacy for both MRI and non-MRI application for future protocols.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 8 Oct 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Cognitive Task Development and Implementation for Functional MRI Studies
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01036685
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 999903379
- Conditions
- Drug Abuse, Nicotine Dependence
- Keywords
- Task Development, Natural History, fMRI, Cognition, Affect
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 525 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)US National Institutes of Health
- Study start
- 22 May 2005 (actual)
- First posted
- 21 Dec 2009 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Background:
- Drugs of abuse have effects on mood, behavior, thinking, and decision making that may encourage people to continue using them and make it difficult for them to stop. Researchers who study these effects are interested in developing new tests to evaluate how drugs and drug use affect different areas of the brain.
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans allow researchers to study brain activity and changes to brain function. When specific psychological tests are performed during functional MRI (fMRI) scans, researchers can examine the effects of drug use on the brain. By developing and testing new procedures for fMRI studies, more information can be obtained on brain function and activity in drug-using and non-drug-using individuals, and this information can help develop new treatments and therapies for substance abuse.
Objectives:
- To develop, assess and refine of cognitive and affective tasks and determination of their practical feasibility and efficacy for both MRI and non-MRI application.
Eligibility:
- Healthy volunteers between 18 and 65 years of age who are willing to undergo MRI scanning.
- Both drug-using and non-drug-using individuals will be selected for this study.
Design:
- Before the start of the study, participants may complete as assessment of medical and psychological history, and provide information about past or current drug use. Researchers will introduce the tasks to be performed and may have participants practice the tasks.
- During the study, participants will be asked to do one or more tasks selected by the researchers. The tasks may be performed on a computer in an MRI machine, and may involve receiving rewards (such as money or sips of juice) for actions, memory and reaction-time tests, or other tests that involve responding to instructions on the screen.
- Participants will receive compensation for their participation in the study, including hourly compensation for individual visits.
Detailed description
Objective: Drugs of abuse have cognitive and affective effects that may contribute to the inception and maintenance of their use. In order to measure these effects, psychological tests suitable for use both in and outside the fMRI scanner need to be developed and validated. Thus, the objective of this protocol is to allow for the development, assessment and refinement of cognitive and affective tasks and determination of their practical feasibility and efficacy for both MRI and non-MRI application.
Study Population: This minimal-risk protocol will employ volunteer participants aged 18-65, who must be generally healthy. In order to ensure applicability to relevant groups, both drug and nondrug using volunteers as well as those recruited from clinical populations will be used to validate task design and parameters.
Design: Participants may pilot tasks outside and/or inside the MRI scanner, depending on the aspects of task development requiring verification. Tasks developed de novo will undergo both steps. Modifications to previously published MRI tasks may require only one of the steps. Upon their successful verification, specific experimental manipulations will be performed under separate, hypothesis driven protocols.
Outcome measures: Our goal is to determine if the tasks developed reliably and appropriately measure specific cognitive constructs and behaviors thought to be associated with specific brain systems, if they yield measurable and interpretable fMRI results.
Study design
- Observational model
- Case-control
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Number of arms
- 8
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| 379-bench-control | – | –healthy control who will only do behavioral tasks |
| 379-bench-other-psych-diagnosis | – | –someone with a DSM-V disorder, stable and in treatment (i.e., no medication changes in the previous four weeks and a clearly identified treating psychiatrist) who will only do behavioral tasks |
| 379-bench-smoker | – | –daily smoker of tobacco cigarettes for at least one year (excluding quit attempts) who will only do behavioral tasks |
| 379-bench-user | – | –someone with a DSM-V substance use disorder on a substance other than nicotine who will only do behavioral tasks |
| 379-control | – | –healthy control who can do MRI |
| 379-other-psych -diagnosis | – | –someone with a DSM-V disorder, stable and in treatment (i.e., no medication changes in the previous four weeks and a clearly identified treating psychiatrist) who can do MRI |
| 379-smoker | – | –daily smoker of tobacco cigarettes for at least one year (excluding quit attempts) who can do MRI |
| 379-user | – | –someone with a DSM-V substance use disorder on a substance other than nicotine who can do MRI |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 65 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- Subjects must be between the ages of 18-65 and be generally healthy. (Please note that references to adults in this protocol refers to those age 18 and older). Depending on the task being developed and specific task goals, they may have a substance use disorder or have no history of substance use.
Key inclusion criteria (8 listed)
- Bench Only Phase (no MRI)
- Participants will be considered for one of three categories: 379-bench-control, 379-bench-smoker/vaper, 379-bench-user. Vapers will be admitted to experiments involving smoking cues (with cues specific to vaping) because it has been shown that responses to vaping cues are very similar to responses to smoking cues and can be lumped together in analyses.
- Between the ages of 18-65.
- All subjects must be able to provide informed consent/assent.
- Additional criteria for specific populations:
Key exclusion criteria (7 listed)
- Bench Only Phase (Does not require MRI. Task requires gathering of accurate behavioral data).
- History of neurologic injury including but not limited to CVA, CNS tumor, or head trauma with persistent sequelae. Assessment tool: pre-screen survey and medical history.
- Rationale: Neurologic injury is likely to impair performance on the range of tasks to be piloted under this protocol.
- Current use of psychoactive medications likely to affect the performance of the task under consideration, unless required for the psychiatric disorder for which participants in the 379-user and 379-other-psych-diagnosis subcategories are being treated. Assessment tool: pre-screen survey, medical history. Rationale: certain psychoactive medications may alter performance on the range of tasks to be piloted under this protocol.
- Cognitive impairment. Assessment tool: self report of extended placement in special education classes for learning problems, history of specific learning disability or mental retardation. Rationale: Cognitive impairment is likely to impair performance on the range of tasks to be piloted under this protocol and may impair ability to tolerate the procedures.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Primary outcome
To determine if the tasks reliably and appropriately measure specific cognitive constructs and behaviors thought to be associated with specific brain systems and, also if they yield measurable and interpretable fMRI results.
Time frame: each visit
1. To derive the parameters necessary to determine the reliability and validity of cognitive tasks.2. To determine the ability of various control and target populations to perform the tasks appropriately in and out of the MRI scanner.3. To determine the task parameters optimal for the activation of specific brain regions when employed during fMRI scanning.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 8 Oct 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. There is no plan to share raw data from the study as this is a task development protocol in which the objective is the development, assessment and refinement of cognitive and affective tasks and determination of their practical feasibility and efficacy for both MRI and non-MRI application for future protocols.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Thomas J Ross, Ph.D. principal investigator
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Drug Abuse and Nicotine Dependence, run by National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 8 inclusion and 7 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 8 Oct 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
To determine if the tasks reliably and appropriately measure specific cognitive constructs and behaviors thought to be associated with specific brain systems and, also if they yield measurable and interpretable fMRI results. (time frame: each visit). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 8 Oct 2026.