ShockEFFORTNCT01128413
Emergency Department (ED) Flow-directed Fluid Optimization Resuscitation Trial (EFFORT)
A study testing Cheetah NICOM® PLRT, USCOM ® (Ultrasound Cardiac Output Monitor) and Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) Ultrasound Collapsibility in people with Shock, run by Washington University School of Medicine at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
The short term goal of this study is to evaluate a non-invasive approach that optimizes intravenous (IV) fluid administration according to heart performance and results in surrogate improvements in morbidity and mortality via lactate clearance. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Shock
- What is being tested?
- Cheetah NICOM® PLRT, USCOM ® (Ultrasound Cardiac Output Monitor) and Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) Ultrasound Collapsibility
- Type of treatment
- Injection or infusion, Medical device, Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 22 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- Jul 2010to Nov 2013
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Hypotension (Systolic Blood Pressure ≤90mm Hg or Mean Arterial Pressure ≤ 65 mm Hg) after ≥ 20ml/kg fluids OR
- Vasopressor Use OR
- Lactate ≥ 2.5 mmol/L
Who cannot join
- Pulse Oximetry <90% despite supplemental oxygen or intubation
- Seizure in the last 24 hours
- Prisoner
- Pregnancy
- Age <18
- Allergy to coupling or ultrasound gel
Show all 9Show fewer
- Inability to do passive leg raise
- Inability to obtain IV access
- Treating clinician discretion
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
Barnes-Jewish Hospital Emergency Department
St Louis, Missouri, 63110
About this study
The short term goal of this study is to evaluate a non-invasive approach that optimizes intravenous (IV) fluid administration according to heart performance and results in surrogate improvements in morbidity and mortality via lactate clearance. Additional objectives include comparative assessments of methods for determining volume responsiveness and establishing a prevalence of volume responsive shock in the Emergency Department (ED).
Read the detailed description
Patients will be randomized to Routine Care (RC) or Fluid Optimizations (FO) arms. Both arms will have interval Cheetah NICOM® (non-invasive cardiac output monitoring) Passive Leg Raise Testing (PLRT).
In the FO arm, patients having a PLRT demonstrating a >/= 15% change in stroke volume index (SVI) or cardiac index (CI) patients will receive a 500ml normal saline bolus. If the NICOM® PLRT shows a SVI or CI <15% patients will receive a saline lock. If bolused, NICOM® PLRT will be performed within 10 minutes after the bolus with the decision to re-bolus or saline lock according to repeated NICOM® PLRT measurements. If saline locked, NICOM® PLRT will be performed every 30 minutes with the decision to re-bolus or saline lock according to repeated NICOM® PLRT measurements.
In the RC arm, IV fluid administration will be per the treating clinicians discretion. The Cheetah NICOM®PLRT will be performed before and after each clinician fluid bolus.
Lactate blood samples will be drawn at time zero, 1 hour, 3 hours, 6 hours, and/or ED departure and compared between arms.
- Conditions
- Shock
- Being tested
- Cheetah NICOM® PLRT, USCOM ® (Ultrasound Cardiac Output Monitor), Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) Ultrasound Collapsibility, CURVES Questionnaire, Lactate Clearance
- Keywords
- Shock, Resuscitation, Hemodynamics, Emergencies, Critical Care, Lactic Acid, Plasma volume
- Medical subject headings
- Shock, Emergencies
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Cheetah NICOM® PLRTDevice
Cheetah NICOM® (non-invasive cardiac output monitoring)PLRT (passive leg raise testing) protocol: The patient while in a semi-recumbent position (legs level, torso up 45 degrees) will have 3 minutes of stroke volume and cardiac index monitoring. Following the 3 minutes, the patient will be placed in a leg raised position (torso level, legs up 45 degrees) for 3 minutes of stroke volume and cardiac index monitoring. NICOM® PLRT will be performed within 10 minutes after any fluid bolus in both arms with results blinded to the Routine Care arm. If saline locked or maintenance IV fluid rate, NICOM® PLRT will be performed every 30 minutes in both arms with results blinded to the Routine Care arm.
USCOM ® (Ultrasound Cardiac Output Monitor)Device
Patients while in the Cheetah NICOM® PLRT semi-recumbent position (legs level, torso up 45 degrees) will have simultaneous USCOM® stroke volume and cardiac index monitoring. Following the 3 minutes of Cheetah NICOM® PLRT semi-recumbent positioning, the patient will be placed in a leg raised position (torso level, legs up 45 degrees) and have simultaneous USCOM® stroke volume and cardiac index monitoring. USCOM® monitoring will be blinded to the Routine Care arm unless used as part of a provider's routine practice. USCOM® changes in SVI or CI with PLRT will be calculated after the patient leaves the ED.
Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) Ultrasound CollapsibilityDevice
Patients while in the Cheetah NICOM® PLRT semi-recumbent position (legs level, torso up 45 degrees) will have a simultaneous 6-12 second ultrasound recording of their IVC. These recordings will be reviewed later by an ultrasonographer and graded for volume responsiveness. The reviewing ultrasonographer will be blinded to the Cheetah NICOM® PLRT results.
CURVES QuestionnaireBehavioural
The CURVES (CardiovascUlar Response \& Volume Estimation in Shock) Questionnaire consists of multiple provider questions aimed at defining the presumed shock etiology and anticipated responses to interventions. This will be administered to both arms.
Lactate ClearanceBiological
Lactate samples will be drawn at time 0, 1, 3, \& 6 hours (or at ED departure if before 6 hours). Time 0 lactate will be revealed to the Routine Care arm and subsequent lactates revealed to the Routine Care arm only if serial lactates are part of the provider's routine practice.
500ml Normal Saline BolusBiological
Patients randomized to the experimental arm and having a >/= 15% change in stroke volume index (SVI) or cardiac index (CI) via Cheetah NICOM®PLRT will be given a 500ml normal saline fluid bolus.
Clinician Discretion Intravenous Fluid ManagementBiological
Clinicians caring for patients randomized to the Routine Care arm will within 10 minutes after any fluid bolus be asked to decide via their clinical discretion if they want to re-bolus, saline lock, or place the patient on a maintenance IV fluid rate. If the patient is on a saline lock or maintenance fluid rate, clinicians will be asked every 30 minutes to decide via their clinical discretion to re-bolus, saline lock, or place the patient on a maintenance IV fluid rate.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Fluid Optimization (FO) | Experimental | Cheetah NICOM® (non-invasive cardiac output monitoring) Passive Leg Raise Testing (PLRT) that demonstrates a >/= 15% change in stroke volume index (SVI) or cardiac index (CI) will receive a 500ml normal saline bolus. NICOM® PLRT with SVI or CI <15% will receive a saline lock. If bolused, NICOM® PLRT will be performed within 10 minutes after the bolus with the decision to re-bolus or saline lock according to repeated NICOM® PLRT measurements. If saline locked, NICOM® PLRT will be performed every 30 minutes with the decision to re-bolus or saline lock according to repeated NICOM® PLRT measurements.
Additionally, USCOM®, IVC Ultrasound collapsibility, CURVES Questionnaire, and repeat lactate measurements will be performed. Receives: Device: Cheetah NICOM® PLRT; Device: USCOM ® (Ultrasound Cardiac Output Monitor); Device: Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) Ultrasound Collapsibility; Behavioral: CURVES Questionnaire; Biological: Lactate Clearance; Biological: 500ml Normal Saline Bolus |
| Routine Care (RC) | Active comparator | Patients randomized to receive routine ED care will receive IV fluid administration per the treating clinicians discretion. The Cheetah NICOM®PLRT, USCOM®, IVC Ultrasound collapsibility, and CURVES Questionnaire will be performed and repeat lactate measurements will only be revealed to the routine care arm if they are used as part of the provider's routine care. Receives: Device: Cheetah NICOM® PLRT; Device: USCOM ® (Ultrasound Cardiac Output Monitor); Device: Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) Ultrasound Collapsibility; Behavioral: CURVES Questionnaire; Biological: Lactate Clearance; Biological: Clinician Discretion Intravenous Fluid Management |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Lactate Clearance
The median lactate clearance from time zero to within 6 hours of the ED stay.
Measured: The median lactate clearance within 6 hours of the ED stay.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted21 May 2010 (estimated)
- Study startJul 2010
- Primary completionNov 2013
- Study completionNov 2013
Why it stopped: lack of resources
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (18)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for ShockStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Washington University School of MedicineThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 22 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Washington University School of Medicine
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Christopher Holthaus, Washington University School of Medicine
- Investigators
- Christopher V Holthaus, MD, Principal investigator, Washington University School of MedicineBrian M Fuller, MD, Principal investigator, Washington University School of Medicine
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01128413
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- EFFORT-10-0593
- Acronym
- EFFORT
- Status last verified
- Mar 2016
- First submitted
- 6 May 2010
- Last updated
- 1 Apr 2016
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Sinert R, Spektor M. Evidence-based emergency medicine/rational clinical examination abstract. Clinical assessment of hypovolemia. Ann Emerg Med. 2005 Mar;45(3):327-9. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2004.09.021. No abstract available.
PubMed 15726060Jones AE, Kline JA. Use of goal-directed therapy for severe sepsis and septic shock in academic emergency departments. Crit Care Med. 2005 Aug;33(8):1888-9; author reply 1889-90. doi: 10.1097/01.ccm.0000166872.78449.b1. No abstract available.
PubMed 16096485Blow O, Magliore L, Claridge JA, Butler K, Young JS. The golden hour and the silver day: detection and correction of occult hypoperfusion within 24 hours improves outcome from major trauma. J Trauma. 1999 Nov;47(5):964-9. doi: 10.1097/00005373-199911000-00028.
PubMed 10568731Shapiro NI, Howell MD, Talmor D, Nathanson LA, Lisbon A, Wolfe RE, Weiss JW. Serum lactate as a predictor of mortality in emergency department patients with infection. Ann Emerg Med. 2005 May;45(5):524-8. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2004.12.006.
PubMed 15855951Nguyen HB, Rivers EP, Knoblich BP, Jacobsen G, Muzzin A, Ressler JA, Tomlanovich MC. Early lactate clearance is associated with improved outcome in severe sepsis and septic shock. Crit Care Med. 2004 Aug;32(8):1637-42. doi: 10.1097/01.ccm.0000132904.35713.a7.
PubMed 15286537Jones AE, Shapiro NI, Trzeciak S, Arnold RC, Claremont HA, Kline JA; Emergency Medicine Shock Research Network (EMShockNet) Investigators. Lactate clearance vs central venous oxygen saturation as goals of early sepsis therapy: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2010 Feb 24;303(8):739-46. doi: 10.1001/jama.2010.158.
PubMed 20179283Sinclair S, James S, Singer M. Intraoperative intravascular volume optimisation and length of hospital stay after repair of proximal femoral fracture: randomised controlled trial. BMJ. 1997 Oct 11;315(7113):909-12. doi: 10.1136/bmj.315.7113.909.
PubMed 9361539Rivers E, Nguyen B, Havstad S, Ressler J, Muzzin A, Knoblich B, Peterson E, Tomlanovich M; Early Goal-Directed Therapy Collaborative Group. Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock. N Engl J Med. 2001 Nov 8;345(19):1368-77. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa010307.
PubMed 11794169Marik PE, Baram M, Vahid B. Does central venous pressure predict fluid responsiveness? A systematic review of the literature and the tale of seven mares. Chest. 2008 Jul;134(1):172-8. doi: 10.1378/chest.07-2331.
PubMed 18628220Marik PE, Cavallazzi R, Vasu T, Hirani A. Dynamic changes in arterial waveform derived variables and fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated patients: a systematic review of the literature. Crit Care Med. 2009 Sep;37(9):2642-7. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181a590da.
PubMed 19602972Michard F, Teboul JL. Predicting fluid responsiveness in ICU patients: a critical analysis of the evidence. Chest. 2002 Jun;121(6):2000-8. doi: 10.1378/chest.121.6.2000.
PubMed 12065368Monnet X, Teboul JL. Passive leg raising. Intensive Care Med. 2008 Apr;34(4):659-63. doi: 10.1007/s00134-008-0994-y. Epub 2008 Jan 23.
PubMed 18214429Thiel SW, Kollef MH, Isakow W. Non-invasive stroke volume measurement and passive leg raising predict volume responsiveness in medical ICU patients: an observational cohort study. Crit Care. 2009;13(4):R111. doi: 10.1186/cc7955. Epub 2009 Jul 8.
PubMed 19586543Corley A, Barnett AG, Mullany D, Fraser JF. Nurse-determined assessment of cardiac output. Comparing a non-invasive cardiac output device and pulmonary artery catheter: a prospective observational study. Int J Nurs Stud. 2009 Oct;46(10):1291-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2009.03.013. Epub 2009 May 6.
PubMed 19423107Nguyen HB, Losey T, Rasmussen J, Oliver R, Guptill M, Wittlake WA, Corbett SW. Interrater reliability of cardiac output measurements by transcutaneous Doppler ultrasound: implications for noninvasive hemodynamic monitoring in the ED. Am J Emerg Med. 2006 Nov;24(7):828-35. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2006.05.012.
PubMed 17098106
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 1 Apr 2016. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Emergency Department (ED) Flow-directed Fluid Optimization Resuscitation Trial (EFFORT)
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01128413
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- EFFORT / EFFORT-10-0593
- Conditions
- Shock
- Keywords
- Shock, Resuscitation, Hemodynamics, Emergencies, Critical Care, Lactic Acid, Plasma volume
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- TerminatedReason stopped: lack of resources
- Enrolment
- 22 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Washington University School of MedicineUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- Jul 2010
- Primary completion
- Nov 2013 (actual)
- Study completion
- Nov 2013 (actual)
- First posted
- 21 May 2010 (estimated)
- Results
- Posted 7 Mar 2016
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The short term goal of this study is to evaluate a non-invasive approach that optimizes intravenous (IV) fluid administration according to heart performance and results in surrogate improvements in morbidity and mortality via lactate clearance. Additional objectives include comparative assessments of methods for determining volume responsiveness and establishing a prevalence of volume responsive shock in the Emergency Department (ED).
Detailed description
Patients will be randomized to Routine Care (RC) or Fluid Optimizations (FO) arms. Both arms will have interval Cheetah NICOM® (non-invasive cardiac output monitoring) Passive Leg Raise Testing (PLRT).
In the FO arm, patients having a PLRT demonstrating a >/= 15% change in stroke volume index (SVI) or cardiac index (CI) patients will receive a 500ml normal saline bolus. If the NICOM® PLRT shows a SVI or CI <15% patients will receive a saline lock. If bolused, NICOM® PLRT will be performed within 10 minutes after the bolus with the decision to re-bolus or saline lock according to repeated NICOM® PLRT measurements. If saline locked, NICOM® PLRT will be performed every 30 minutes with the decision to re-bolus or saline lock according to repeated NICOM® PLRT measurements.
In the RC arm, IV fluid administration will be per the treating clinicians discretion. The Cheetah NICOM®PLRT will be performed before and after each clinician fluid bolus.
Lactate blood samples will be drawn at time zero, 1 hour, 3 hours, 6 hours, and/or ED departure and compared between arms.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Fluid Optimization (FO) | Experimental | Device: Cheetah NICOM® PLRT, Device: USCOM ® (Ultrasound Cardiac Output Monitor), Device: Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) Ultrasound Collapsibility, Behavioral: CURVES Questionnaire, Biological: Lactate Clearance, Biological: 500ml Normal Saline BolusCheetah NICOM® (non-invasive cardiac output monitoring) Passive Leg Raise Testing (PLRT) that demonstrates a >/= 15% change in stroke volume index (SVI) or cardiac index (CI) will receive a 500ml normal saline bolus. NICOM® PLRT with SVI or CI <15% will receive a saline lock. If bolused, NICOM® PLRT will be performed within 10 minutes after the bolus with the decision to re-bolus or saline lock according to repeated NICOM® PLRT measurements. If saline locked, NICOM® PLRT will be performed every 30 minutes with the decision to re-bolus or saline lock according to repeated NICOM® PLRT measurements. Additionally, USCOM®, IVC Ultrasound collapsibility, CURVES Questionnaire, and repeat lactate measurements will be performed. |
| Routine Care (RC) | Active comparator | Device: Cheetah NICOM® PLRT, Device: USCOM ® (Ultrasound Cardiac Output Monitor), Device: Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) Ultrasound Collapsibility, Behavioral: CURVES Questionnaire, Biological: Lactate Clearance, Biological: Clinician Discretion Intravenous Fluid ManagementPatients randomized to receive routine ED care will receive IV fluid administration per the treating clinicians discretion. The Cheetah NICOM®PLRT, USCOM®, IVC Ultrasound collapsibility, and CURVES Questionnaire will be performed and repeat lactate measurements will only be revealed to the routine care arm if they are used as part of the provider's routine care. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Hypotension (Systolic Blood Pressure ≤90mm Hg or Mean Arterial Pressure ≤ 65 mm Hg) after ≥ 20ml/kg fluids OR
- Vasopressor Use OR
- Lactate ≥ 2.5 mmol/L
Key exclusion criteria (9 listed)
- Pulse Oximetry <90% despite supplemental oxygen or intubation
- Seizure in the last 24 hours
- Prisoner
- Pregnancy
- Age <18
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Cheetah NICOM® PLRTCheetah NICOM® (non-invasive cardiac output monitoring)PLRT (passive leg raise testing) protocol: The patient while in a semi-recumbent position (legs level, torso up 45 degrees) will have 3 minutes of stroke volume and cardiac index monitoring. Following the 3 minutes, the patient will be placed in a leg raised position (torso level, legs up 45 degrees) for 3 minutes of stroke volume and cardiac index monitoring. NICOM® PLRT will be performed within 10 minutes after any fluid bolus in both arms with results blinded to the Routine Care arm. If saline locked or maintenance IV fluid rate, NICOM® PLRT will be performed every 30 minutes in both arms with results blinded to the Routine Care arm. | Device | Fluid Optimization (FO), Routine Care (RC) |
| USCOM ® (Ultrasound Cardiac Output Monitor)Patients while in the Cheetah NICOM® PLRT semi-recumbent position (legs level, torso up 45 degrees) will have simultaneous USCOM® stroke volume and cardiac index monitoring. Following the 3 minutes of Cheetah NICOM® PLRT semi-recumbent positioning, the patient will be placed in a leg raised position (torso level, legs up 45 degrees) and have simultaneous USCOM® stroke volume and cardiac index monitoring. USCOM® monitoring will be blinded to the Routine Care arm unless used as part of a provider's routine practice. USCOM® changes in SVI or CI with PLRT will be calculated after the patient leaves the ED. | Device | Fluid Optimization (FO), Routine Care (RC) |
| Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) Ultrasound CollapsibilityPatients while in the Cheetah NICOM® PLRT semi-recumbent position (legs level, torso up 45 degrees) will have a simultaneous 6-12 second ultrasound recording of their IVC. These recordings will be reviewed later by an ultrasonographer and graded for volume responsiveness. The reviewing ultrasonographer will be blinded to the Cheetah NICOM® PLRT results. | Device | Fluid Optimization (FO), Routine Care (RC) |
| CURVES QuestionnaireThe CURVES (CardiovascUlar Response \& Volume Estimation in Shock) Questionnaire consists of multiple provider questions aimed at defining the presumed shock etiology and anticipated responses to interventions. This will be administered to both arms. | Behavioural | Fluid Optimization (FO), Routine Care (RC) |
| Lactate ClearanceLactate samples will be drawn at time 0, 1, 3, \& 6 hours (or at ED departure if before 6 hours). Time 0 lactate will be revealed to the Routine Care arm and subsequent lactates revealed to the Routine Care arm only if serial lactates are part of the provider's routine practice. | Biological | Fluid Optimization (FO), Routine Care (RC) |
| 500ml Normal Saline BolusPatients randomized to the experimental arm and having a >/= 15% change in stroke volume index (SVI) or cardiac index (CI) via Cheetah NICOM®PLRT will be given a 500ml normal saline fluid bolus. | Biological | Fluid Optimization (FO) |
| Clinician Discretion Intravenous Fluid ManagementClinicians caring for patients randomized to the Routine Care arm will within 10 minutes after any fluid bolus be asked to decide via their clinical discretion if they want to re-bolus, saline lock, or place the patient on a maintenance IV fluid rate. If the patient is on a saline lock or maintenance fluid rate, clinicians will be asked every 30 minutes to decide via their clinical discretion to re-bolus, saline lock, or place the patient on a maintenance IV fluid rate. | Biological | Routine Care (RC) |
Primary outcome
Lactate Clearance
Time frame: The median lactate clearance within 6 hours of the ED stay.
The median lactate clearance from time zero to within 6 hours of the ED stay.
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 1 Apr 2016.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Background: PubMed 15726060Sinert R, Spektor M. Evidence-based emergency medicine/rational clinical examination abstract. Clinical assessment of hypovolemia. Ann Emerg Med. 2005 Mar;45(3):327-9. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2004.09.021. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 16096485Jones AE, Kline JA. Use of goal-directed therapy for severe sepsis and septic shock in academic emergency departments. Crit Care Med. 2005 Aug;33(8):1888-9; author reply 1889-90. doi: 10.1097/01.ccm.0000166872.78449.b1. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 10568731Blow O, Magliore L, Claridge JA, Butler K, Young JS. The golden hour and the silver day: detection and correction of occult hypoperfusion within 24 hours improves outcome from major trauma. J Trauma. 1999 Nov;47(5):964-9. doi: 10.1097/00005373-199911000-00028.
- Background: PubMed 15855951Shapiro NI, Howell MD, Talmor D, Nathanson LA, Lisbon A, Wolfe RE, Weiss JW. Serum lactate as a predictor of mortality in emergency department patients with infection. Ann Emerg Med. 2005 May;45(5):524-8. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2004.12.006.
- Background: PubMed 15286537Nguyen HB, Rivers EP, Knoblich BP, Jacobsen G, Muzzin A, Ressler JA, Tomlanovich MC. Early lactate clearance is associated with improved outcome in severe sepsis and septic shock. Crit Care Med. 2004 Aug;32(8):1637-42. doi: 10.1097/01.ccm.0000132904.35713.a7.
- Background: PubMed 20179283Jones AE, Shapiro NI, Trzeciak S, Arnold RC, Claremont HA, Kline JA; Emergency Medicine Shock Research Network (EMShockNet) Investigators. Lactate clearance vs central venous oxygen saturation as goals of early sepsis therapy: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2010 Feb 24;303(8):739-46. doi: 10.1001/jama.2010.158.
- Background: PubMed 9361539Sinclair S, James S, Singer M. Intraoperative intravascular volume optimisation and length of hospital stay after repair of proximal femoral fracture: randomised controlled trial. BMJ. 1997 Oct 11;315(7113):909-12. doi: 10.1136/bmj.315.7113.909.
- Background: PubMed 11794169Rivers E, Nguyen B, Havstad S, Ressler J, Muzzin A, Knoblich B, Peterson E, Tomlanovich M; Early Goal-Directed Therapy Collaborative Group. Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock. N Engl J Med. 2001 Nov 8;345(19):1368-77. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa010307.
- Background: PubMed 18628220Marik PE, Baram M, Vahid B. Does central venous pressure predict fluid responsiveness? A systematic review of the literature and the tale of seven mares. Chest. 2008 Jul;134(1):172-8. doi: 10.1378/chest.07-2331.
- Background: PubMed 19602972Marik PE, Cavallazzi R, Vasu T, Hirani A. Dynamic changes in arterial waveform derived variables and fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated patients: a systematic review of the literature. Crit Care Med. 2009 Sep;37(9):2642-7. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181a590da.
- Background: PubMed 12065368Michard F, Teboul JL. Predicting fluid responsiveness in ICU patients: a critical analysis of the evidence. Chest. 2002 Jun;121(6):2000-8. doi: 10.1378/chest.121.6.2000.
- Background: PubMed 18214429Monnet X, Teboul JL. Passive leg raising. Intensive Care Med. 2008 Apr;34(4):659-63. doi: 10.1007/s00134-008-0994-y. Epub 2008 Jan 23.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Christopher V Holthaus, MD principal investigator
Washington University School of Medicine
Brian M Fuller, MD principal investigator
Washington University School of Medicine
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Cheetah NICOM® PLRT, USCOM ® (Ultrasound Cardiac Output Monitor) and Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) Ultrasound Collapsibility in people with Shock, run by Washington University School of Medicine at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 9 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: stopped early, as of the sponsor's last update on 1 Apr 2016. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 7 Mar 2016). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Lactate Clearance (time frame: The median lactate clearance within 6 hours of the ED stay.). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT01128413, which also lists 18 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 1 Apr 2016.