Physical ActivityAIMNCT01371292
A Transformational Teaching Intervention: Adolescents in Motion (AIM) Trial
A study testing Transformational Teaching and Standard Educational Practices in people with Physical Activity, run by University of British Columbia at 4 sites in Canada.
Trial summary
The purpose of this Randomized Controlled Tria (RCT) is to evaluate the effects of a transformational teaching intervention in comparison to 'standard educational practices' within school-based physical education classes (within three Canadian provinces; British Columbia, Ontario and Nova Scotia) across 5 months. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 13 to 15 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Physical Activity
- What is being tested?
- Transformational Teaching and Standard Educational Practices
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 2,160 participants
- Where
- 4 sitesCanada
- Study dates
- Jan 2012to Jul 2013
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 13 to 15 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child
Who may be able to join
- Grade 9 (aged 14 (+/- 1 year))
Who cannot join
- Do not have basic working knowledge of English
Trial locations and contacts
4 sites in 1 country.
Canada4 sites
Queen's University
Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6
Nipissing University
North Bay, Ontario, P1B8L7
University of British Columbia
Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T1Z1
Acadia University
Wolfville, Nova Scotia, B4P 2R6
About this study
The purpose of this Randomized Controlled Tria (RCT) is to evaluate the effects of a transformational teaching intervention in comparison to 'standard educational practices' within school-based physical education classes (within three Canadian provinces; British Columbia, Ontario and Nova Scotia) across 5 months.
Read the detailed description
Physical inactivity among adolescents has been linked to a vast array of physical and mental health problems. One potential vehicle to foster adolescent involvement in physical activity relates to physical education in schools.
A potentially important framework, that has recently been applied to educational and health promotion contexts, relates to transformational leadership theory. Transformational leadership involves the demonstration of behaviors that empower and inspire others to achieve higher levels of functioning, and has been consistently found to be associated with greater motivation, self-efficacy, well-being, and performance in those being led. From an applied perspective, a growing body of evidence also suggests that transformational behaviors can be developed in leaders through short-term interventions (e.g., one-day workshops), which subsequently result in positive changes in followers' attitudinal and behavioral responses.
With this in mind, the overall goal of this Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) is to test the efficacy of a theory-driven evidence-based transformational teaching intervention for use within school-based physical activity settings. In this 5-month trial, physical education teachers from 36 schools from three provinces across Canada (British Columbia, Ontario and Nova Scotia) will be provided with (through a one day work shop and follow-up support program) the resources they need to implement transformational teaching behaviours in their day-to-day teaching practices. The primary hypothesis for this RCT is that students taught by teachers in the intervention condition will display greater adoption and maintenance of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) behaviors outside of school hours in comparison to control students, after controlling for baseline levels. A process evaluation will also be conducted with teachers to evaluate the procedures embedded within the intervention.
- Conditions
- Physical Activity
- Being tested
- Transformational Teaching, Standard Educational Practices
- Keywords
- Physical activity, Transformational leadership, Physical education
- Medical subject headings
- Motor Activity
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Transformational TeachingBehavioural
Physical education teachers randomly assigned to the experimental condition will (through a 1-day workshop format) be provided with the resources to implement transformational approaches in their day-to-day work. In addition, these teachers will be involved in a follow-up support program following the workshop to help them to implement transformational teaching strategies that were developed in the workshop.
Standard Educational PracticesBehavioural
Physical education teachers randomly assigned to the control condition will take part in a professional development day workshop provided by their respective School Board. This will involve the same amount of contact time, and will take place on the same day as the transformational teaching workshop. It should be noted that the focus of those alternative workshops is unrelated to transformational leadership training.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Transformational teaching condition | Experimental | Teachers allocated to this condition will receive the transformational teaching intervention. Receives: Behavioral: Transformational Teaching |
| Standard practice control condition | Active comparator | Teachers allocated to this condition will not receive the transformational teaching intervention. Instead they will take part in a parallel workshop offered by their respective school board (unrelated to transformational leadership training). Receives: Behavioral: Standard Educational Practices |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA)
In addition to collecting self-report physical activity data through the use of questionnaires, a subsample of students (360 out of the overall sample of 2160) will be randomly selected and invited to wear a small physical activity monitor (accelerometer) on three occasions (January, March and May 2012) over the 5-month trial (for 7-days at each data point). The unit of measure that will be used to assess this outcome variable is MINUTES of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity both during leisure time hours (i.e., outside of school) and within school hours.
Measured: 5 months
Secondary outcomes (3)
Physical activity-related cognitions and attitudes
All adolescents will complete validated measures of self-efficacy (within class self-efficacy and environmental change self-efficacy), intrinsic motivation and attitudes surrounding physical education and leisure-time physical activity at each of the three time points (January, March and May 2012). Units of measure will be participants' responses on these validated scales.
Measured: 5 months
Teaching efficacy
The physical education teachers (approximately n=72) involved in the trial will complete measures of teaching efficacy at each of the three time points (January, March and May 2012). The unit of measure will be teachers' responses on this validated scale.
Measured: 5 months
Transformational teaching behaviors
Adolescents' perceptions of their physical education teacher's transformational behaviors will be measured at each of the three time points (January, March and May 2012). The unit of measure will be adolescents' responses on this validated scale.
Measured: 5 months
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted10 Jun 2011 (estimated)
- Study startJan 2012
- Primary completionJul 2013
- Study completionJul 2013
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (4)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Physical ActivityStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by University of British ColumbiaThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 2,160 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of British Columbia
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Mark R Beauchamp, PhD, Principal investigator, University of British Columbia
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01371292
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- H08-02513
- Acronym
- AIM
- Status last verified
- Sep 2014
- First submitted
- 7 Jun 2011
- Last updated
- 17 Sep 2014
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
Publications
Beauchamp MR, Barling J, Li Z, Morton KL, Keith SE, Zumbo BD. Development and psychometric properties of the transformational teaching questionnaire. J Health Psychol. 2010 Nov;15(8):1123-34. doi: 10.1177/1359105310364175. Epub 2010 Jun 3.
PubMed 20522503Beauchamp MR, Morton KL. Transformational teaching and physical activity engagement among adolescents. Exerc Sport Sci Rev. 2011 Jul;39(3):133-9. doi: 10.1097/JES.0b013e31822153e7.
PubMed 21552132Morton KL, Keith SE, Beauchamp MR. Transformational teaching and physical activity: a new paradigm for adolescent health promotion? J Health Psychol. 2010 Mar;15(2):248-57. doi: 10.1177/1359105309347586.
PubMed 20207668Beauchamp MR, Barling J, Morton KL. Transformational teaching and adolescent self-determined motivation, self-efficacy, and intentions to engage in leisure time physical activity: A randomised controlled pilot Trial. DOI: 10.1111/j.1758-0854.2011.01048.x
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 17 Sep 2014. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- A Transformational Teaching Intervention: Adolescents in Motion (AIM) Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01371292
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- AIM / H08-02513
- Conditions
- Physical Activity
- Keywords
- Physical activity, Transformational leadership, Physical education
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 2,160 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of British ColumbiaUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)
- Study start
- Jan 2012
- Primary completion
- Jul 2013 (actual)
- Study completion
- Jul 2013 (actual)
- First posted
- 10 Jun 2011 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The purpose of this Randomized Controlled Tria (RCT) is to evaluate the effects of a transformational teaching intervention in comparison to 'standard educational practices' within school-based physical education classes (within three Canadian provinces; British Columbia, Ontario and Nova Scotia) across 5 months.
Detailed description
Physical inactivity among adolescents has been linked to a vast array of physical and mental health problems. One potential vehicle to foster adolescent involvement in physical activity relates to physical education in schools.
A potentially important framework, that has recently been applied to educational and health promotion contexts, relates to transformational leadership theory. Transformational leadership involves the demonstration of behaviors that empower and inspire others to achieve higher levels of functioning, and has been consistently found to be associated with greater motivation, self-efficacy, well-being, and performance in those being led. From an applied perspective, a growing body of evidence also suggests that transformational behaviors can be developed in leaders through short-term interventions (e.g., one-day workshops), which subsequently result in positive changes in followers' attitudinal and behavioral responses.
With this in mind, the overall goal of this Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) is to test the efficacy of a theory-driven evidence-based transformational teaching intervention for use within school-based physical activity settings. In this 5-month trial, physical education teachers from 36 schools from three provinces across Canada (British Columbia, Ontario and Nova Scotia) will be provided with (through a one day work shop and follow-up support program) the resources they need to implement transformational teaching behaviours in their day-to-day teaching practices. The primary hypothesis for this RCT is that students taught by teachers in the intervention condition will display greater adoption and maintenance of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) behaviors outside of school hours in comparison to control students, after controlling for baseline levels. A process evaluation will also be conducted with teachers to evaluate the procedures embedded within the intervention.
Study design
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Transformational teaching condition | Experimental | Behavioral: Transformational TeachingTeachers allocated to this condition will receive the transformational teaching intervention. |
| Standard practice control condition | Active comparator | Behavioral: Standard Educational PracticesTeachers allocated to this condition will not receive the transformational teaching intervention. Instead they will take part in a parallel workshop offered by their respective school board (unrelated to transformational leadership training). |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 13 to 15 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Grade 9 (aged 14 (+/- 1 year))
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Do not have basic working knowledge of English
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Transformational TeachingPhysical education teachers randomly assigned to the experimental condition will (through a 1-day workshop format) be provided with the resources to implement transformational approaches in their day-to-day work. In addition, these teachers will be involved in a follow-up support program following the workshop to help them to implement transformational teaching strategies that were developed in the workshop. | Behavioural | Transformational teaching condition |
| Standard Educational PracticesPhysical education teachers randomly assigned to the control condition will take part in a professional development day workshop provided by their respective School Board. This will involve the same amount of contact time, and will take place on the same day as the transformational teaching workshop. It should be noted that the focus of those alternative workshops is unrelated to transformational leadership training. | Behavioural | Standard practice control condition |
Primary outcome
Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA)
Time frame: 5 months
In addition to collecting self-report physical activity data through the use of questionnaires, a subsample of students (360 out of the overall sample of 2160) will be randomly selected and invited to wear a small physical activity monitor (accelerometer) on three occasions (January, March and May 2012) over the 5-month trial (for 7-days at each data point). The unit of measure that will be used to assess this outcome variable is MINUTES of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity both during leisure time hours (i.e., outside of school) and within school hours.
3 secondary outcomes
Physical activity-related cognitions and attitudes
Time frame: 5 months
Teaching efficacy
Time frame: 5 months
Transformational teaching behaviors
Time frame: 5 months
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 17 Sep 2014.
- Background: PubMed 20522503Beauchamp MR, Barling J, Li Z, Morton KL, Keith SE, Zumbo BD. Development and psychometric properties of the transformational teaching questionnaire. J Health Psychol. 2010 Nov;15(8):1123-34. doi: 10.1177/1359105310364175. Epub 2010 Jun 3.
- Background: PubMed 21552132Beauchamp MR, Morton KL. Transformational teaching and physical activity engagement among adolescents. Exerc Sport Sci Rev. 2011 Jul;39(3):133-9. doi: 10.1097/JES.0b013e31822153e7.
- Background: PubMed 20207668Morton KL, Keith SE, Beauchamp MR. Transformational teaching and physical activity: a new paradigm for adolescent health promotion? J Health Psychol. 2010 Mar;15(2):248-57. doi: 10.1177/1359105309347586.
- BackgroundBeauchamp MR, Barling J, Morton KL. Transformational teaching and adolescent self-determined motivation, self-efficacy, and intentions to engage in leisure time physical activity: A randomised controlled pilot Trial. DOI: 10.1111/j.1758-0854.2011.01048.x
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Mark R Beauchamp, PhD principal investigator
University of British Columbia
4 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Transformational Teaching and Standard Educational Practices in people with Physical Activity, run by University of British Columbia at 4 sites in Canada.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 17 Sep 2014. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 4 sites in Canada. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) (time frame: 5 months). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT01371292, which also lists 4 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 17 Sep 2014.