Coronary Heart DiseaseNCT01667068
Cardiovascular Diseases in HIV-infected Patients HIV-HEART Study: 7.5 Years Follow-up
An observational study of Coronary Heart Disease and Heart Failure, run by University Hospital, Essen at 6 sites in Germany.
Trial summary
Since the introduction of antiretroviral therapy life expectancy of HIV-infected persons is rising. Different cohorts are observing an increased risk for cardiovascular diseases in this aging HIV-infected population. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors like smoking are more frequent in HIV-infected persons. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Coronary Heart Disease, Heart Failure, HIV
- What is being tested?
- Comprehensive non invasive cardiovascular examination
- How many people
- 1,481 participants
- Where
- 6 sitesGermany
- Study dates
- Apr 2012to Oct 2014
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Study population: Participiants were included in several cities of the Ruhrarea. Locations were Essen, Bochum, Dortmund and Duisburg The study population included outpatients who were at least 18 years of age, had a known HIV-infection and exhibited a stable disease status within 4 weeks before inclusion of the trial. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.
Who may be able to join
- Age > 18 years
- Known HIV-infection
- Written informed consent
Who cannot join
- Acute cardiovascular disease
- Unstable hemodynamic status in the three weeks before inclusion
- Pregnancy
Trial locations and contacts
6 sites in 1 country.
6 sites in 1 country
Germany6 sites
University Hospital of Bochum, Department of Dermatology
Bochum, 44791
HIV Outpatient Department
Dortmund, 44137
Health Center
Duisburg, 47249
University Hospital, Department of Dermatology and Venerology
Essen, 45147
University Hospital, West German Heart Center Essen
Essen, 45147
Clinical Coordinating Center Leipzig
Leipzig, 04107
About this study
Official title: HIV-HEART STUDY: A Prospective, Epidemiologic and Multicentre Trial to Determine the Cardiovascular Risk in HIV-infected Patients
Since the introduction of antiretroviral therapy life expectancy of HIV-infected persons is rising. Different cohorts are observing an increased risk for cardiovascular diseases in this aging HIV-infected population. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors like smoking are more frequent in HIV-infected persons. For example chronic inflammation due to HIV-infection and metabolic disorders also caused by some antiretroviral substances as special non-traditional risk factors in HIV-infected persons can influence the development of cardiovascular diseases additionally. Therefore new research focus in special risk profile associated with HIV-infection or antiretroviral treatment and prevention for HIV-infected patients is developing.
This present study is an ongoing prospective regional multicenter trial that was conducted to analyse the incidence, prevalence and clinical course of cardiovacular disorders in HIV-infected out-patients.
Cardiac disorders witch are associated with HIV are pericarditis, pleural effusion, pulmonary hypertension, dilated cardiomyopathy, heart failure, myocarditis, bacterial endocarditis and heart valve disorders. In addition to previously stated disorders of the heart, the premature atherosclerosis of coronary arteries, a further even more important disease of the heart in this patient population, went into the focus of most HIV-researchers and physicians.
Read the detailed description
A comprehensive detailed description of the study procedures had been previously published (European Journal of medical research 2007;12:243-248).
- Conditions
- Coronary Heart Disease, Heart Failure, HIV, AIDS, Metabolic Syndrome
- Being tested
- Comprehensive non invasive cardiovascular examination
- Keywords
- Cardiac Diseases, HIV-Infection, AIDS, Antiretroviral Therapy, Cardiovascular Medication, Risk Factors, coronary heart disease, heart failure, metabolic syndrome
- Medical subject headings
- Coronary Disease, Heart Failure, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Metabolic Syndrome, Heart Diseases
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Comprehensive non invasive cardiovascular examinationOther
- Anamnesis with the participian
- File recherche,Physical examination
- Documentation of the carciovascular and antiretroviral medical therapy
- Electrocardiogram
- Transthoracic echocardiography
- Exercise electrocardiogram
- Measuring of the arterial media thickness
- Exercise Montreal Cognitive Assesment test
- Exercise the Grooved Pegboard test
- Blood collection
- Questionnaire to quality of life and health economics
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Regional Ruhrgebiets Cohort | HIV-positive patients in the German Ruhr-Region from out-patient clinics of hospitals and HIV-physicians pratices Receives: Other: Comprehensive non invasive cardiovascular examination |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Cardiovascular Diseases in HIV-infected Patients
The detection of prevalence, aetiology, progression and severity of cardiovascular diseases - especially of coronary artery disease in HIV-infected patients.
Measured: Baseline up to 7.5 follow-up to
Secondary outcomes (1)
Cardiovascular Disorders in HIV-infected Patients HIV-HEART
Complementary the study also investigates the impact of classic cardiovascular risk factors like gender, age, blood fat and also new HIV-specific risk factors of coronary artery disease like viral-load, CD4-cell count and stage of the infection. The HIV-HEART study will focus the impact of medication including cardiovascular and antiretroviral medication. Further secondary objectives will be examined, including economic costs and the subjectively quality of life of subjects with and without cardiovascular diseases in this patient population.
Measured: Baseline up to 5 years follow-up
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted17 Aug 2012 (estimated)
- Study startApr 2012
- Primary completionApr 2014
- Study completionOct 2014
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (12)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Coronary Heart DiseaseStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Enrolment
- 1,481 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University Hospital, Essen
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- HIV-HEART Study Investigative Group, German Heart Failure Network, German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb, ViiV Healthcare, Gilead Sciences, Janssen-Cilag Ltd., Abbott, Boehringer Ingelheim, Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Stefan Esser M.D., University Hospital, Essen
- Investigators
- Stefan Esser, MD, Principal investigator, University Hospital, EssenTill Neumann Neumann, MD, Principal investigator, University Hospital, Essen
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01667068
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 12-4970-BO
- Status last verified
- Oct 2014
- First submitted
- 16 Aug 2012
- Last updated
- 28 Oct 2014
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
Publications
Neumann T. [HIV, AIDS and the cardiovascular risk]. Internist (Berl). 2008 Apr;49(4):429-30, 432-5. doi: 10.1007/s00108-008-2049-4. German.
PubMed 18305915Reinsch N, Buhr C, Krings P, Kaelsch H, Kahlert P, Konorza T, Neumann T, Erbel R; Competence Network of Heart Failure. Effect of gender and highly active antiretroviral therapy on HIV-related pulmonary arterial hypertension: results of the HIV-HEART Study. HIV Med. 2008 Aug;9(7):550-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-1293.2008.00602.x. Epub 2008 Jun 28.
PubMed 18557952Reinsch N, Buhr C, Krings P, Kaelsch H, Neuhaus K, Wieneke H, Erbel R, Neumann T; German Heart Failure Network. Prevalence and risk factors of prolonged QTc interval in HIV-infected patients: results of the HIV-HEART study. HIV Clin Trials. 2009 Jul-Aug;10(4):261-8. doi: 10.1310/hct1004-261.
PubMed 19723613Neumann T, Reinsch N, Neuhaus K, Brockmeyer N, Potthoff A, Esser S, Hower M, Neumann A, Mostardt S, Gelbrich G, Erbel R; fur die HIV-HEART-Studie sowie die Kompetenznetze Herzinsuffizienz und HIV/AIDS. [BNP in HIV-infected patients]. Herz. 2009 Dec;34(8):634-40. doi: 10.1007/s00059-009-3313-7. German.
PubMed 20024643Neumann T, Esser S, Potthoff A, Pankuweit S, Neumann A, Breuckmann F, Neuhaus K, Kondratieva J, Buck T, Muller-Tasch T, Wachter R, Prettin C, Gelbrich G, Herzog W, Pieske B, Rauchhaus M, Loffler M, Maisch B, Mugge A, Wasem J, Gerken G, Brockmeyer NH, Erbel R; HIV-HEART Study Investigative Group. Prevalence and natural history of heart failure in outpatient HIV-infected subjects: rationale and design of the HIV-HEART study. Eur J Med Res. 2007 Jun 27;12(6):243-8.
PubMed 17666313Breuckmann F, Neumann T, Kondratieva J, Wieneke H, Ross B, Nassenstein K, Barkhausen J, Kreuter A, Brockmeyer N, Erbel R. Dilated cardiomyopathy in two adult human immunodeficiency positive (HIV+) patients possibly related to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Eur J Med Res. 2005 Sep 12;10(9):395-9.
PubMed 16183552Reinsch N, Kahlert P, Esser S, Sundermeyer A, Neuhaus K, Brockmeyer N, Potthoff A, Erbel R, Buck T, Neumann T. Echocardiographic findings and abnormalities in HIV-infected patients: results from a large, prospective, multicenter HIV-heart study. Am J Cardiovasc Dis. 2011;1(2):176-84. Epub 2011 Jul 30.
PubMed 22254197Lind A, Reinsch N, Neuhaus K, Esser S, Brockmeyer NH, Potthoff A, Pankuweit S, Erbel R, Maisch B, Neumann T. Pericardial effusion of HIV-infected patients ? Results of a prospective multicenter cohort study in the era of antiretroviral therapy. Eur J Med Res. 2011 Nov 10;16(11):480-3. doi: 10.1186/2047-783x-16-11-480.
PubMed 22027640Gelbrich B, Neumann T, Esser S, Potthoff A, Reinsch N, Hower M, Dannhauer KH, Loeffler M, Brockmeyer NH, Erbel R, Gelbrich G; HIV-HEART Study Investigative Group, Competence Networks Heart Failure and HIV/AIDS. Oral health and the heart - does HIV infection open a pathophysiological gateway? Int J Cardiol. 2011 Sep 1;151(2):254-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.06.081. Epub 2011 Jul 18. No abstract available.
PubMed 21764468Reinsch N, Neuhaus K, Esser S, Potthoff A, Hower M, Mostardt S, Neumann A, Brockmeyer NH, Gelbrich G, Erbel R, Neumann T; German Competence Network Heart Failure; German Competence Network for HIV/AIDS. Are HIV patients undertreated? Cardiovascular risk factors in HIV: results of the HIV-HEART study. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2012 Apr;19(2):267-74. doi: 10.1177/1741826711398431. Epub 2011 Feb 28.
PubMed 21450595Reinsch N, Neuhaus K, Esser S, Potthoff A, Hower M, Brockmeyer NH, Erbel R, Neumann T; German Competence Network for Heart Failure; German Competence Network for HIV AIDS. Prevalence of cardiac diastolic dysfunction in HIV-infected patients: results of the HIV-HEART study. HIV Clin Trials. 2010 May-Jun;11(3):156-62. doi: 10.1310/hct1103-156.
PubMed 20739268Potthoff A, Brockmeyer NH, Gelbrich G, Neuhaus K, Esser S, Reinsch N, Hower M, Mostardt S, Neumann A, Neumann T; Competence Center Cardiac Insufficiency and the Competence Network HIV/AIDS. Lipodystrophy - a sign for metabolic syndrome in patients of the HIV-HEART study. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2010 Feb;8(2):92-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1610-0387.2009.07330.x. Epub 2009 Dec 14. English, German.
PubMed 20002869
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 28 Oct 2014. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- HIV-HEART STUDY: A Prospective, Epidemiologic and Multicentre Trial to Determine the Cardiovascular Risk in HIV-infected Patients
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01667068
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 12-4970-BO
- Conditions
- Coronary Heart Disease, Heart Failure, HIV, AIDS, Metabolic Syndrome
- Keywords
- Cardiac Diseases, HIV-Infection, AIDS, Antiretroviral Therapy, Cardiovascular Medication, Risk Factors, coronary heart disease, heart failure
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 1,481 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University Hospital, EssenUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- HIV-HEART Study Investigative Group, German Heart Failure Network, German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb, ViiV Healthcare, Gilead Sciences, Janssen-Cilag Ltd., Abbott, Boehringer Ingelheim, Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC
- Study start
- Apr 2012
- Primary completion
- Apr 2014 (actual)
- Study completion
- Oct 2014 (actual)
- First posted
- 17 Aug 2012 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Since the introduction of antiretroviral therapy life expectancy of HIV-infected persons is rising. Different cohorts are observing an increased risk for cardiovascular diseases in this aging HIV-infected population. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors like smoking are more frequent in HIV-infected persons. For example chronic inflammation due to HIV-infection and metabolic disorders also caused by some antiretroviral substances as special non-traditional risk factors in HIV-infected persons can influence the development of cardiovascular diseases additionally. Therefore new research focus in special risk profile associated with HIV-infection or antiretroviral treatment and prevention for HIV-infected patients is developing.
This present study is an ongoing prospective regional multicenter trial that was conducted to analyse the incidence, prevalence and clinical course of cardiovacular disorders in HIV-infected out-patients.
Cardiac disorders witch are associated with HIV are pericarditis, pleural effusion, pulmonary hypertension, dilated cardiomyopathy, heart failure, myocarditis, bacterial endocarditis and heart valve disorders. In addition to previously stated disorders of the heart, the premature atherosclerosis of coronary arteries, a further even more important disease of the heart in this patient population, went into the focus of most HIV-researchers and physicians.
Detailed description
A comprehensive detailed description of the study procedures had been previously published (European Journal of medical research 2007;12:243-248).
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Regional Ruhrgebiets Cohort | – | Other: Comprehensive non invasive cardiovascular examinationHIV-positive patients in the German Ruhr-Region from out-patient clinics of hospitals and HIV-physicians pratices |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- Participiants were included in several cities of the Ruhrarea. Locations were Essen, Bochum, Dortmund and Duisburg The study population included outpatients who were at least 18 years of age, had a known HIV-infection and exhibited a stable disease status within 4 weeks before inclusion of the trial. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Age > 18 years
- Known HIV-infection
- Written informed consent
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Acute cardiovascular disease
- Unstable hemodynamic status in the three weeks before inclusion
- Pregnancy
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Comprehensive non invasive cardiovascular examination* Anamnesis with the participian * File recherche,Physical examination * Documentation of the carciovascular and antiretroviral medical therapy * Electrocardiogram * Transthoracic echocardiography * Exercise electrocardiogram * Measuring of the arterial media thickness * Exercise Montreal Cognitive Assesment test * Exercise the Grooved Pegboard test * Blood collection * Questionnaire to quality of life and health economics | Other | Regional Ruhrgebiets Cohort |
Primary outcome
Cardiovascular Diseases in HIV-infected Patients
Time frame: Baseline up to 7.5 follow-up to
The detection of prevalence, aetiology, progression and severity of cardiovascular diseases - especially of coronary artery disease in HIV-infected patients.
1 secondary outcome
Cardiovascular Disorders in HIV-infected Patients HIV-HEART
Time frame: Baseline up to 5 years follow-up
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 28 Oct 2014.
- Results publication: PubMed 18305915Neumann T. [HIV, AIDS and the cardiovascular risk]. Internist (Berl). 2008 Apr;49(4):429-30, 432-5. doi: 10.1007/s00108-008-2049-4. German.
- Results publication: PubMed 18557952Reinsch N, Buhr C, Krings P, Kaelsch H, Kahlert P, Konorza T, Neumann T, Erbel R; Competence Network of Heart Failure. Effect of gender and highly active antiretroviral therapy on HIV-related pulmonary arterial hypertension: results of the HIV-HEART Study. HIV Med. 2008 Aug;9(7):550-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-1293.2008.00602.x. Epub 2008 Jun 28.
- Results publication: PubMed 19723613Reinsch N, Buhr C, Krings P, Kaelsch H, Neuhaus K, Wieneke H, Erbel R, Neumann T; German Heart Failure Network. Prevalence and risk factors of prolonged QTc interval in HIV-infected patients: results of the HIV-HEART study. HIV Clin Trials. 2009 Jul-Aug;10(4):261-8. doi: 10.1310/hct1004-261.
- Results publication: PubMed 20024643Neumann T, Reinsch N, Neuhaus K, Brockmeyer N, Potthoff A, Esser S, Hower M, Neumann A, Mostardt S, Gelbrich G, Erbel R; fur die HIV-HEART-Studie sowie die Kompetenznetze Herzinsuffizienz und HIV/AIDS. [BNP in HIV-infected patients]. Herz. 2009 Dec;34(8):634-40. doi: 10.1007/s00059-009-3313-7. German.
- Results publication: PubMed 17666313Neumann T, Esser S, Potthoff A, Pankuweit S, Neumann A, Breuckmann F, Neuhaus K, Kondratieva J, Buck T, Muller-Tasch T, Wachter R, Prettin C, Gelbrich G, Herzog W, Pieske B, Rauchhaus M, Loffler M, Maisch B, Mugge A, Wasem J, Gerken G, Brockmeyer NH, Erbel R; HIV-HEART Study Investigative Group. Prevalence and natural history of heart failure in outpatient HIV-infected subjects: rationale and design of the HIV-HEART study. Eur J Med Res. 2007 Jun 27;12(6):243-8.
- Results publication: PubMed 16183552Breuckmann F, Neumann T, Kondratieva J, Wieneke H, Ross B, Nassenstein K, Barkhausen J, Kreuter A, Brockmeyer N, Erbel R. Dilated cardiomyopathy in two adult human immunodeficiency positive (HIV+) patients possibly related to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Eur J Med Res. 2005 Sep 12;10(9):395-9.
- Results publication: PubMed 22254197Reinsch N, Kahlert P, Esser S, Sundermeyer A, Neuhaus K, Brockmeyer N, Potthoff A, Erbel R, Buck T, Neumann T. Echocardiographic findings and abnormalities in HIV-infected patients: results from a large, prospective, multicenter HIV-heart study. Am J Cardiovasc Dis. 2011;1(2):176-84. Epub 2011 Jul 30.
- Results publication: PubMed 22027640Lind A, Reinsch N, Neuhaus K, Esser S, Brockmeyer NH, Potthoff A, Pankuweit S, Erbel R, Maisch B, Neumann T. Pericardial effusion of HIV-infected patients ? Results of a prospective multicenter cohort study in the era of antiretroviral therapy. Eur J Med Res. 2011 Nov 10;16(11):480-3. doi: 10.1186/2047-783x-16-11-480.
- Results publication: PubMed 21764468Gelbrich B, Neumann T, Esser S, Potthoff A, Reinsch N, Hower M, Dannhauer KH, Loeffler M, Brockmeyer NH, Erbel R, Gelbrich G; HIV-HEART Study Investigative Group, Competence Networks Heart Failure and HIV/AIDS. Oral health and the heart - does HIV infection open a pathophysiological gateway? Int J Cardiol. 2011 Sep 1;151(2):254-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.06.081. Epub 2011 Jul 18. No abstract available.
- Results publication: PubMed 21450595Reinsch N, Neuhaus K, Esser S, Potthoff A, Hower M, Mostardt S, Neumann A, Brockmeyer NH, Gelbrich G, Erbel R, Neumann T; German Competence Network Heart Failure; German Competence Network for HIV/AIDS. Are HIV patients undertreated? Cardiovascular risk factors in HIV: results of the HIV-HEART study. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2012 Apr;19(2):267-74. doi: 10.1177/1741826711398431. Epub 2011 Feb 28.
- Results publication: PubMed 20739268Reinsch N, Neuhaus K, Esser S, Potthoff A, Hower M, Brockmeyer NH, Erbel R, Neumann T; German Competence Network for Heart Failure; German Competence Network for HIV AIDS. Prevalence of cardiac diastolic dysfunction in HIV-infected patients: results of the HIV-HEART study. HIV Clin Trials. 2010 May-Jun;11(3):156-62. doi: 10.1310/hct1103-156.
- Results publication: PubMed 20002869Potthoff A, Brockmeyer NH, Gelbrich G, Neuhaus K, Esser S, Reinsch N, Hower M, Mostardt S, Neumann A, Neumann T; Competence Center Cardiac Insufficiency and the Competence Network HIV/AIDS. Lipodystrophy - a sign for metabolic syndrome in patients of the HIV-HEART study. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2010 Feb;8(2):92-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1610-0387.2009.07330.x. Epub 2009 Dec 14. English, German.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Stefan Esser, MD principal investigator
University Hospital, Essen
Till Neumann Neumann, MD principal investigator
University Hospital, Essen
6 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Coronary Heart Disease and Heart Failure, run by University Hospital, Essen at 6 sites in Germany.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 28 Oct 2014. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 6 sites in Germany. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Cardiovascular Diseases in HIV-infected Patients (time frame: Baseline up to 7.5 follow-up to). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT01667068, which also lists 12 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 28 Oct 2014.