Plaque PsoriasisPhase 3UNCOVER-ANCT01777191
Evaluation of Ixekizumab Using Auto-Injector or Prefilled Syringe in Participants With Moderate to Severe Plaque Psoriasis
A Phase 3 study testing Ixekizumab Auto-Injector and Ixekizumab Prefilled Syringe in people with Plaque Psoriasis, run by Eli Lilly and Company at 25 sites in 2 countries.
Trial summary
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the serum concentration of ixekizumab after administration using either prefilled syringe or auto-injector in participants with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. Treatment period is followed by 40 weeks optional safety extension. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Plaque Psoriasis
- What is being tested?
- Ixekizumab Auto-Injector and Ixekizumab Prefilled Syringe
- Type of treatment
- Injection or infusion
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 204 participants
- Where
- 25 sitesin 2 countries
- Study dates
- Mar 2013to May 2015
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Present with chronic plaque psoriasis based on a confirmed diagnosis of chronic psoriasis vulgaris for at least 6 months prior to randomization
- At least 10% Body Surface Area (BSA) of Psoriasis at screening and at randomization
- Static Physician Global Assessment (sPGA) score of at least 3 AND Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score of at least 12 at screening and at randomization
- Candidate for phototherapy and/or systemic therapy
- Men must agree to use a reliable method of birth control during the study
- Women must agree to use birth control or remain abstinent during the study and for at least 12 weeks after stopping treatment
Who cannot join
- Pustular, erythrodermic, and/or guttate forms of psoriasis
- History of drug-induced psoriasis
- Clinically significant flare of psoriasis during the 12 weeks prior to randomization
- Concurrent or recent use of any biologic agent
- Received systemic psoriasis therapy [such as psoralen and ultraviolet A (PUVA) light therapy] or phototherapy within the previous 4 weeks; or had topical psoriasis treatment within the previous 2 weeks prior to randomization
- Cannot avoid excessive sun exposure or use of tanning booths for at least 4 weeks prior to randomization and during the study
Show all 10Show fewer
- Have participated in any study with interleukin-17 (IL-17) antagonists, including Ixekizumab
- Serious disorder or illness other than plaque psoriasis
- Serious infection within the last 3 months
- Breastfeeding or nursing (lactating) women
Trial locations and contacts
25 sites in 2 countries.
25 sites in 2 countries
United States22 sites
For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87104
For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
Anaheim, California, 92801
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Arlington Heights, Illinois, 60005
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Atlanta, Georgia, 30327
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Bakersfield, California, 93309
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East Windsor, New Jersey, 08520
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Evansville, Indiana, 47714
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Exton, Pennsylvania, 19341
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Greensboro, North Carolina, 27408
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Lake Charles, Louisiana, 70605
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Louisville, Kentucky, 40202
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Methuen, Massachusetts, 01844
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Miami, Florida, 33144
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Newington, New Hampshire, 03801
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Newnan, Georgia, 30263
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Ocala, Florida, 34471
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Omaha, Nebraska, 68144
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Salt Lake City, Utah, 84132
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Santa Monica, California, 90404
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Seattle, Washington, 98101
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St Louis, Missouri, 63117
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Wyomissing, Pennsylvania, 19610
Puerto Rico3 sites
For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
Caguas, 00725
For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
Carolina, 00985
For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
Ponce, 00716
About this study
Official title: Pharmacokinetic Evaluations of Ixekizumab Following Subcutaneous Administration Using Prefilled Syringe or Auto-Injector in Patients With Moderate-to-Severe Plaque Psoriasis
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the serum concentration of ixekizumab after administration using either prefilled syringe or auto-injector in participants with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. Treatment period is followed by 40 weeks optional safety extension.
- Conditions
- Plaque Psoriasis
- Being tested
- Ixekizumab Auto-Injector, Ixekizumab Prefilled Syringe
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Ixekizumab Auto-InjectorDrug
Also called LY2439821
Administered SC by auto-injector
Ixekizumab Prefilled SyringeDrug
Also called LY2439821
Administered SC by prefilled syringe
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| 80 mg Ixekizumab Auto-Injector | Experimental | Ixekizumab administered by two 80 milligram (mg) subcutaneous (SC) injections at Week 0, then one 80 mg SC injection every 2 weeks (Q2W) at week 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10. Starting from Week 12, 80 mg Ixekizumab Prefilled Syringe was administered by one 80 mg SC injection every 4 weeks (Q4W). Receives: Drug: Ixekizumab Auto-Injector |
| 80 mg Ixekizumab Prefilled Syringe | Experimental | Ixekizumab administered by two 80 mg SC injections at Week 0, then one 80 mg SC injection Q2W at week 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10. Starting from Week 12, 80 mg Ixekizumab Prefilled Syringe was administered by one 80 mg SC injection Q4W. Receives: Drug: Ixekizumab Prefilled Syringe |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Pharmacokinetics (PK): Maximum Serum Concentration (Cmax) by Drug Delivery Device
Cmax by drug delivery device (prefilled syringe or auto-injector) of Ixekizumab, after the 160 mg starting dose was administered on Day 0.
Measured: Day 2, Day 4, Day 7, Day 10 and Day 14 (prior to Ixekizumab administration)
PK: Area Under the Concentration Time Curve From Time Zero to Last Measured Concentration Value (AUC 0-[Tlast]) by Drug Delivery Device
AUC 0-tlast by drug delivery device (prefilled syringe or auto-injector) of Ixekizumab, after the 160 mg starting dose was administered on Day 0. AUC 0-tlast is equal to AUC 0-14 days where the last time point was 14 days ± 24 hours.
Measured: Day 2, Day 4, Day 7, Day 10 and Day 14 (prior to Ixekizumab administration)
Secondary outcomes (10)
PK: Cmax of Ixekizumab by Site of Injection (Arm, Thigh or Abdomen)
Cmax by site of injection of Ixekizumab, after the 160 mg starting dose was administered on Day 0.
Measured: Day 2, Day 4, Day 7, Day 10 and Day 14 (prior to Ixekizumab administration)
PK: AUC 0-tlast by Site of Injection (Arm, Thigh or Abdomen)
AUC 0-tlast by site of injection of Ixekizumab, after the 160 mg starting dose was administered on Day 0. AUC 0-tlast is equal to AUC 0-14 days where the last time point was 14 days ± 24 hours.
Measured: Day 2, Day 4, Day 7, Day 10 and Day 14 (prior to Ixekizumab administration)
PK: Cmax by Body Weight
Cmax by body weight of Ixekizumab, after the 160 mg starting dose was administered on Day 0. Body weight is defined by (Low: <80 kilogram (kg), Medium: 80-100 kg, or High: >100 kg).
Measured: Day 2, Day 4, Day 7, Day 10 and Day 14 (prior to Ixekizumab administration)
PK: AUC 0-tlast by Body Weight
AUC 0-tlast by body weight of Ixekizumab, after the 160 mg starting dose was administered on Day 0. AUC 0-tlast is equal to AUC 0-14 days where the last time point was 14 days ± 24 hours. Body weight is defined by (Low: <80 kg, Medium: 80-100 kg, or High: >100 kg).
Measured: Day 2, Day 4, Day 7, Day 10 and Day 14 (prior to Ixekizumab administration)
Percentage of Participants Achieving a ≥75%, ≥ 90% and 100% Improvement in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI): Efficacy of Ixekizumab in Participants With Moderate to Severe Plaque Psoriasis. Measure: Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI)
PASI combines assessments of the extent of body-surface involvement in 4 anatomical regions (head, trunk, arms, and legs) and the severity of desquamation, erythema, and plaque induration/infiltration (thickness) in each region, yielding an overall score of 0 or no Ps to 72 for the most severe disease. Participants achieving PASI 75, 90, or 100 are defined as having an improvement of at least 75%, 90%, or of 100%, respectively, in the PASI scores compared to baseline.
Measured: Week 12
Percentage of Participants With a Static Physician Global Assessment (sPGA) (0,1): Efficacy of Ixekizumab in Participants With Moderate to Severe Plaque Psoriasis. Measure: Static Physician Global Assessment (sPGA)
The sPGA is the physician's determination of the participant's Psoriasis (Ps) lesions overall at a given time point. Lesions were categorized by descriptions for induration, erythema, and scaling. Participant's Ps was assessed as 0 (clear), 1 (minimal), 2 (mild), 3 (moderate), 4 (severe), or 5 (very severe). An sPGA responder was defined as having a post-baseline sPGA score of "0" or "1" with at least a 2-point improvement from baseline.
Measured: Week 12
Percentage of Participants With a Static Physician Global Assessment (sPGA) (0)
The sPGA is the physician's determination of the participant's Ps lesions overall at a given time point. Lesions were categorized by descriptions for induration, erythema, and scaling. Participant's Ps was assessed as 0 (clear), 1 (minimal), 2 (mild), 3 (moderate), 4 (severe), or 5 (very severe).
Measured: Week 12
Percentage of Device Operation Failures
Device operation failure (that is, incomplete dose administration) was defined as an event during the treatment period (week 0 to week 12) when the participant indicated that a complete dose of ixekizumab was not delivered and/or the drug delivery device did not perform as expected per the directions for use.
Measured: Baseline through Week 12
Percentage of Participants With Anti-Ixekizumab Antibodies
The percentage of participants with treatment-emergent positive anti-ixekizumab antibodies at anytime post-baseline were summarized by drug delivery device group. Percentage was calculated based on the number of evaluable participants and was calculated by number of participants with treatment-emergent positive anti-ixekizumab antibodies / number of evaluable participants * 100%.
Measured: Baseline to Week 12
SQAAQ Item Scores: Quality of Life and Outcome Assessments. Measures: Patient Reported Outcomes (PRO)
The SQAAQ is a self-administered questionnaire which provides an assessment of ease of use and confidence with using a device to administer a subcutaneous injection of drug. Participants and injection assistants responded to questionnaire items using a 7-point Likert scale (from "Strongly Disagree" to "Strongly Agree"). 1 represents "Strongly Disagree" while 7 represents "Strongly Agree". The ease of use and confidence of ixekizumab subcutaneous administrations across drug delivery device groups were evaluated by SQAAQ item scores at each post baseline visit.
Measured: Baseline, Week 4 and Week 8
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted28 Jan 2013 (estimated)
- Study startMar 2013
- Primary completionMay 2014
- Study completionMay 2015
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Plaque PsoriasisStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Eli Lilly and CompanyThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 204 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Eli Lilly and Company
- Sponsor type
- Industry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Call 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559) or 1-317-615-4559 Mon - Fri 9 AM - 5 PM Eastern time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), Study director, Eli Lilly and Company
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01777191
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 14728
- Other IDs
- I1F-MC-RHBL
- Acronym
- UNCOVER-A
- Status last verified
- Sep 2019
- First submitted
- 24 Jan 2013
- Last updated
- 30 Sep 2019
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: Anonymized individual patient level data will be provided in a secure access environment upon approval of a research proposal and a signed data sharing agreement.
Publications
Callis Duffin K, Bagel J, Bukhalo M, Mercado Clement IJ, Choi SL, Zhao F, Gill A, Pangallo B, Shuler C, Mallbris L, Jackson K. Phase 3, open-label, randomized study of the pharmacokinetics, efficacy and safety of ixekizumab following subcutaneous administration using a prefilled syringe or an autoinjector in patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis (UNCOVER-A). J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2017 Jan;31(1):107-113. doi: 10.1111/jdv.13768. Epub 2016 Aug 8.
PubMed 27500949
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 30 Sep 2019. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Pharmacokinetic Evaluations of Ixekizumab Following Subcutaneous Administration Using Prefilled Syringe or Auto-Injector in Patients With Moderate-to-Severe Plaque Psoriasis
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01777191
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- UNCOVER-A / 14728
- Conditions
- Plaque Psoriasis
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 204 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Eli Lilly and CompanyIndustry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Study start
- Mar 2013
- Primary completion
- May 2014 (actual)
- Study completion
- May 2015 (actual)
- First posted
- 28 Jan 2013 (estimated)
- Results
- Posted 26 May 2016
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the serum concentration of ixekizumab after administration using either prefilled syringe or auto-injector in participants with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. Treatment period is followed by 40 weeks optional safety extension.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| 80 mg Ixekizumab Auto-Injector | Experimental | Drug: Ixekizumab Auto-InjectorIxekizumab administered by two 80 milligram (mg) subcutaneous (SC) injections at Week 0, then one 80 mg SC injection every 2 weeks (Q2W) at week 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10. Starting from Week 12, 80 mg Ixekizumab Prefilled Syringe was administered by one 80 mg SC injection every 4 weeks (Q4W). |
| 80 mg Ixekizumab Prefilled Syringe | Experimental | Drug: Ixekizumab Prefilled SyringeIxekizumab administered by two 80 mg SC injections at Week 0, then one 80 mg SC injection Q2W at week 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10. Starting from Week 12, 80 mg Ixekizumab Prefilled Syringe was administered by one 80 mg SC injection Q4W. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Present with chronic plaque psoriasis based on a confirmed diagnosis of chronic psoriasis vulgaris for at least 6 months prior to randomization
- At least 10% Body Surface Area (BSA) of Psoriasis at screening and at randomization
- Static Physician Global Assessment (sPGA) score of at least 3 AND Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score of at least 12 at screening and at randomization
- Candidate for phototherapy and/or systemic therapy
- Men must agree to use a reliable method of birth control during the study
Key exclusion criteria (10 listed)
- Pustular, erythrodermic, and/or guttate forms of psoriasis
- History of drug-induced psoriasis
- Clinically significant flare of psoriasis during the 12 weeks prior to randomization
- Concurrent or recent use of any biologic agent
- Received systemic psoriasis therapy [such as psoralen and ultraviolet A (PUVA) light therapy] or phototherapy within the previous 4 weeks; or had topical psoriasis treatment within the previous 2 weeks prior to randomization
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Ixekizumab Auto-InjectorAlso: LY2439821Administered SC by auto-injector | Drug | 80 mg Ixekizumab Auto-Injector |
| Ixekizumab Prefilled SyringeAlso: LY2439821Administered SC by prefilled syringe | Drug | 80 mg Ixekizumab Prefilled Syringe |
Primary outcome
Pharmacokinetics (PK): Maximum Serum Concentration (Cmax) by Drug Delivery Device
Time frame: Day 2, Day 4, Day 7, Day 10 and Day 14 (prior to Ixekizumab administration)
Cmax by drug delivery device (prefilled syringe or auto-injector) of Ixekizumab, after the 160 mg starting dose was administered on Day 0.
PK: Area Under the Concentration Time Curve From Time Zero to Last Measured Concentration Value (AUC 0-[Tlast]) by Drug Delivery Device
Time frame: Day 2, Day 4, Day 7, Day 10 and Day 14 (prior to Ixekizumab administration)
AUC 0-tlast by drug delivery device (prefilled syringe or auto-injector) of Ixekizumab, after the 160 mg starting dose was administered on Day 0. AUC 0-tlast is equal to AUC 0-14 days where the last time point was 14 days ± 24 hours.
10 secondary outcomes
PK: Cmax of Ixekizumab by Site of Injection (Arm, Thigh or Abdomen)
Time frame: Day 2, Day 4, Day 7, Day 10 and Day 14 (prior to Ixekizumab administration)
PK: AUC 0-tlast by Site of Injection (Arm, Thigh or Abdomen)
Time frame: Day 2, Day 4, Day 7, Day 10 and Day 14 (prior to Ixekizumab administration)
PK: Cmax by Body Weight
Time frame: Day 2, Day 4, Day 7, Day 10 and Day 14 (prior to Ixekizumab administration)
PK: AUC 0-tlast by Body Weight
Time frame: Day 2, Day 4, Day 7, Day 10 and Day 14 (prior to Ixekizumab administration)
Percentage of Participants Achieving a ≥75%, ≥ 90% and 100% Improvement in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI): Efficacy of Ixekizumab in Participants With Moderate to Severe Plaque Psoriasis. Measure: Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI)
Time frame: Week 12
Percentage of Participants With a Static Physician Global Assessment (sPGA) (0,1): Efficacy of Ixekizumab in Participants With Moderate to Severe Plaque Psoriasis. Measure: Static Physician Global Assessment (sPGA)
Time frame: Week 12
Percentage of Participants With a Static Physician Global Assessment (sPGA) (0)
Time frame: Week 12
Percentage of Device Operation Failures
Time frame: Baseline through Week 12
Percentage of Participants With Anti-Ixekizumab Antibodies
Time frame: Baseline to Week 12
SQAAQ Item Scores: Quality of Life and Outcome Assessments. Measures: Patient Reported Outcomes (PRO)
Time frame: Baseline, Week 4 and Week 8
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 30 Sep 2019.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Results publication: PubMed 27500949Callis Duffin K, Bagel J, Bukhalo M, Mercado Clement IJ, Choi SL, Zhao F, Gill A, Pangallo B, Shuler C, Mallbris L, Jackson K. Phase 3, open-label, randomized study of the pharmacokinetics, efficacy and safety of ixekizumab following subcutaneous administration using a prefilled syringe or an autoinjector in patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis (UNCOVER-A). J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2017 Jan;31(1):107-113. doi: 10.1111/jdv.13768. Epub 2016 Aug 8.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. Anonymized individual patient level data will be provided in a secure access environment upon approval of a research proposal and a signed data sharing agreement.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Call 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559) or 1-317-615-4559 Mon - Fri 9 AM - 5 PM Eastern time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST) study director
Eli Lilly and Company
25 sites in 2 countries: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 3 study testing Ixekizumab Auto-Injector and Ixekizumab Prefilled Syringe in people with Plaque Psoriasis, run by Eli Lilly and Company at 25 sites in 2 countries.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 10 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 30 Sep 2019. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 25 sites in United States, Puerto Rico. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 3 studies compare the treatment with the current standard treatment or a placebo in a large group, to confirm how well it works and watch for side effects.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 26 May 2016). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Pharmacokinetics (PK): Maximum Serum Concentration (Cmax) by Drug Delivery Device (time frame: Day 2, Day 4, Day 7, Day 10 and Day 14 (prior to Ixekizumab administration)). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT01777191, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 30 Sep 2019.