Degenerative Disc DiseasePhase 1/2Disc_alloNCT01860417
Treatment of Degenerative Disc Disease With Allogenic Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSV)
A Phase 1/2 study testing Allogenic Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Mepivacaine in people with Degenerative Disc Disease and Intervertebral Disc Disease, run by Red de Terapia Celular at 2 sites in Spain.
Trial summary
In this study we want to evaluate the clinical use of allogenic mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), obtained from bone marrow of healthy donors, for treatment of Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD). The trial is based in previous results with autologous MSC (Orozco et al., Transplantation 92: 822-828; 2011). Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 75 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Degenerative Disc Disease, Intervertebral Disc Disease, Low Back Pain
- What is being tested?
- Allogenic Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Mepivacaine
- Type of treatment
- Injection or infusion
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 24 participants
- Where
- 2 sitesSpain
- Study dates
- 21 Jun 2013to 15 Dec 2015
- Phase
- Phase 1/2
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 75 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Degenerative disease of one or two lumbar discs with predominant back pain after conservative treatment (physical and medical) for over 6 months.
- Fibrous ring capable of holding the cell implantation, demonstrated by Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) image (stages 2, 3 and 4 of Adams).
- Decrease of disc height of more than 20% (radiographic measurement in side image).
- Absence of spinal infection.
- Haematological and biochemical analysis wit no significant alterations that contraindicates intervention.
- The patient is able to understand the nature of the study.
- Informed written consent of the patient.
Who cannot join
- Age over 75 or under 18 or legally dependent
- Allergy to gentamicin, or to bovine, cattle or horse serum.
- Congenital or acquired diseases leading to spine deformations that may upset cell application.
- Spinal segmental instability, spinal canal stenosis, isthmus pathology and other conditions that may compromise the study
- Modic III changes on MRI images (31).
- Overweight with body mass index (mass in Kg/size in m2) greater than 35 (obesity grade II).
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- Pregnancy or breast-feeding
- Neoplasia
- Immunosuppression
- Participation in another clinical trial or treatment with another investigational product within 30 days prior to inclusion in the study.
- Other conditions that may, according to medical criteria, discourage participation in the study.
Trial locations and contacts
2 sites in 1 country.
Spain2 sites
Hospital Clinico Universitario
Valladolid, 47003
Instituto de Biologia y Genetica Molecular
Valladolid, 47003
About this study
Official title: Treatment of Lumbar Degenerative Disc Disease With Allogenic Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSV*) *MSV: Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Expanded Using the Valladolid IBGM Procedure
In this study we want to evaluate the clinical use of allogenic mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), obtained from bone marrow of healthy donors, for treatment of Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD). The trial is based in previous results with autologous MSC (Orozco et al., Transplantation 92: 822-828; 2011). Here we propose a phase I-II trial, prospective, randomized, blinded, and controlled for the treatment DDD using MSV, a Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP)-compliant expanded bone marrow MSC (MSV, Investigational medicinal product Num. 10-134). The assay consists of two arms with 12 patients each one. Patients in the experimental arm will be given a single intra-discal transplantation of MSV (25 millions in 2 ml). Control patients will be infiltrated in the paravertebral muscles close to the lesion with 2 ml of 1% mepivacain. We shall follow the evolution of pain, disability and quality of life as well as disc fluid content by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (T2-calibrated).
- Being tested
- Allogenic Mesenchymal Stromal Cells, Mepivacaine
- Keywords
- Degenerative Disc Disease,, Intervertebral Disc Disease, Low Back Pain, Nucleus pulposus, Stem cell, Cellular therapy, Regenerative therapy, Mesenchymal stem cells, Bone marrow, Musculoskeletal Diseases, Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (allogenic)
- Medical subject headings
- Intervertebral Disc Degeneration, Intervertebral disc disease, Low Back Pain, Musculoskeletal Diseases
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Allogenic Mesenchymal Stromal CellsBiological
Also called Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), MSC injection, MSV (MSV=MSC prepared following Valladolid IBGM procedure)
MepivacaineDrug
Also called Sham-treated comparator, Mepivacaine is also known as Carbocaine, Mepivacaine is also known as Polocaine
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Allogenic Mesenchymal Stromal Cells | Experimental | Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) prepared from bone marrow from healthy donor expanded ex vivo for 3-4 weeks. Intradiscal injection of 25 millions MSC in 2 ml of saline Receives: Biological: Allogenic Mesenchymal Stromal Cells |
| Mepivacaine | Active comparator | Infiltration of paravertebral musculature close to the affected disc(s) with 2 ml of 1% Mepivacaine Receives: Drug: Mepivacaine |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Pain and Disability Evaluation
Change in the composite variable, which includes pain and disability 1 year after intervention, was plotted as a function of the initial pain score or disability index. Results for the relief of lumbar pain and Oswestry disability index were all included for both, control and cell-treated patients. The scores obtained from this analysis (slope of the plot) range from 0 to 1, with higher scores meaning a better outcome.
Measured: Change since the baseline (before intervention) up to the end of the follow-up period, 12 months after the intervention
Secondary outcomes (17)
Evaluation of Affected Disc(s) by Quantitative MRI Ratio 12/6months
Ratio discs density: Discs density at 12 months divided by discs density at 6 months after transplantation.
To homogenize the results of different patients, the water content values of the affected discs were normalized to the values obtained from the healthy discs in the same individual; for these purposes, the density of the affected segments was divided by the average value of the healthy discs. Finally, the value after the treatment was divided by the baseline value.
Measured: At 12 months from 6 months after the intervention
Evaluation of Affected Disc(s) by Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging (RMI): Density at 6 Months
Measurement of the amount of fluid in the disc. To homogenize the results of different patients, the water content values of the affected discs were normalized to the values obtained from the healthy discs in the same individual; for these purposes, the density of the affected segments was divided by the average value of the healthy discs. Finally, the value after the treatment was divided by the baseline value.
Measured: At 6 months after the intervention
Evaluation of Affected Disc(s) by Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging (RMI): Density at 12 Months
Measurement of the amount of fluid in the disc. To homogenize the results of different patients, the water content values of the affected discs were normalized to the values obtained from the healthy discs in the same individual; for these purposes, the density of the affected segments was divided by the average value of the healthy discs. Finally, the value after the treatment was divided by the baseline value.
Measured: At 12 months after the intervention
Visual Analogue Scale at 3 Months
Pain evaluation using a visual analogue scale (VAS) at baseline. Outcomes are expressed using a 0%-100% scale. A higher score indicates greater pain intensity
Measured: At 3 months after the intervention
Visual Analogue Scale at 6 Months
Pain evaluation using a visual analogue scale (VAS) at baseline. Outcomes are expressed using a 0%-100% scale. A higher score indicates greater pain intensity
Measured: At 6 months after the intervention
Visual Analogue Scale at 12 Months
Pain evaluation using a visual analogue scale (VAS) at baseline. Outcomes are expressed using a 0%-100% scale. A higher score indicates greater pain intensity
Measured: At 12 months after the intervention
Oswestry Disability Index at 3 Months
Subject's Disability score in the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) before intervention. Outcomes are expressed using a 0%-100% scale. Zero is equated with no disability and 100 is the maximum disability possible
Measured: At 3 months after the intervention
Oswestry Disability Index at 6 Months
Subject's Disability score in the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) before intervention. Outcomes are expressed using a 0%-100% scale. Zero is equated with no disability and 100 is the maximum disability possible
Measured: At 6 months after the intervention
Oswestry Disability Index at 12 Months
Subject's Disability score in the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) before intervention. Outcomes are expressed using a 0%-100% scale. Zero is equated with no disability and 100 is the maximum disability possible
Measured: At 12 months after the intervention
SF-12 Physical Component at 3 Months
Results from the physical component of the short form-12 (SF-12) life quality questionnaire. Scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better physical and mental health functioning
Measured: 3 months after the intervention
SF-12 Physical Component at 6 Months
Results from the physical component of the short form-12 (SF-12) life quality questionnaire. Scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better physical and mental health functioning
Measured: 6 months after the intervention
SF-12 Physical Component at 12 Months
Results from the physical component of the short form-12 (SF-12) life quality questionnaire. Scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better physical and mental health functioning
Measured: 12 months after the intervention
SF-12 Mental Component at 3 Months
Results from the mental component of the short form-12 (SF-12) life quality questionnaire. Scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better physical and mental health functioning
Measured: 3 months after the intervention
SF-12 Mental Component at 6 Months
Results from the mental component of the short form-12 (SF-12) life quality questionnaire. Scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better physical and mental health functioning
Measured: 6 months after the intervention
SF-12 Mental Component at 12 Months
Results from the mental component of the short form-12 (SF-12) life quality questionnaire. Scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better physical and mental health functioning
Measured: 12 months after the intervention
Pfirrmann Stage at 6 Months
Grades:
Gr I: Disc homogeneous. Bight hyperintense white signal intensity. Normal height Gr II: Disc inhomogeneous. Hyperintense white signal. Nucleus/annulus clearly differentiated. Height is normal Gr III: Disc inhomogeneous. Intermittent gray signal intensity. Unclear distinction nucleus/annulus. Height normal/slightly decreased Gr IV: Disc inhomogeneous. Hypointense dark gray signal intensity. No distinction nucleus/annulus. Height slightly/moderately decreased.
Gr V: Disc inhomogeneous. Hypointense black signal intensity. No distinction nucleus/annulus. Disc space is collapsed
Measured: At 6 months after the intervention
Pfirrmann Stage at 12 Months
Grades:
Gr I: Disc homogeneous. Bight hyperintense white signal intensity. Normal height Gr II: Disc inhomogeneous. Hyperintense white signal. Nucleus/annulus clearly differentiated. Height is normal Gr III: Disc inhomogeneous. Intermittent gray signal intensity. Unclear distinction nucleus/annulus. Height normal/slightly decreased Gr IV: Disc inhomogeneous. Hypointense dark gray signal intensity. No distinction nucleus/annulus. Height slightly/moderately decreased.
Gr V: Disc inhomogeneous. Hypointense black signal intensity. No distinction nucleus/annulus. Disc space is collapsed
Measured: At 12 months after the intervention
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted22 May 2013 (estimated)
- Study start21 Jun 2013
- Primary completion15 Dec 2015
- Study completion15 Dec 2015
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (2)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Degenerative Disc DiseaseStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 1/2
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Triple blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Care provider, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 24 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Red de Terapia Celular
- Sponsor type
- Industry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Collaborators
- Citospin, University of Valladolid
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Javier Garcia-Sancho, MD, PhD, Study chair, Scientific Park Foundation of University of ValladolidDavid C Noriega, MD, PhD, Study director, Hospital Clinico Universitario, ValladolidAna Sanchez, MD, PhD, Study director, CitospinFRancisco Ardura, MD, PhD, Principal investigator, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Valladolid
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01860417
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- TerCel005
- Other IDs
- 2012-004444-30, Disc_allo_MSV
- Acronym
- Disc_allo
- Status last verified
- Nov 2023
- First submitted
- 18 May 2013
- Last updated
- 29 Apr 2024
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
Publications
Orozco L, Soler R, Morera C, Alberca M, Sanchez A, Garcia-Sancho J. Intervertebral disc repair by autologous mesenchymal bone marrow cells: a pilot study. Transplantation. 2011 Oct 15;92(7):822-8. doi: 10.1097/TP.0b013e3182298a15.
PubMed 21792091Noriega DC, Ardura F, Hernandez-Ramajo R, Martin-Ferrero MA, Sanchez-Lite I, Toribio B, Alberca M, Garcia V, Moraleda JM, Sanchez A, Garcia-Sancho J. Intervertebral Disc Repair by Allogeneic Mesenchymal Bone Marrow Cells: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Transplantation. 2017 Aug;101(8):1945-1951. doi: 10.1097/TP.0000000000001484.
PubMed 27661661
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 29 Apr 2024. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Treatment of Lumbar Degenerative Disc Disease With Allogenic Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSV*) *MSV: Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Expanded Using the Valladolid IBGM Procedure
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01860417
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- Disc_allo / TerCel005
- Keywords
- Degenerative Disc Disease,, Intervertebral Disc Disease, Low Back Pain, Nucleus pulposus, Stem cell, Cellular therapy, Regenerative therapy, Mesenchymal stem cells
- Phase
- Phase 1/2
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 24 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Red de Terapia CelularIndustry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Collaborators
- Citospin, University of Valladolid
- Study start
- 21 Jun 2013 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 15 Dec 2015 (actual)
- Study completion
- 15 Dec 2015 (actual)
- First posted
- 22 May 2013 (estimated)
- Results
- Posted 29 Apr 2024
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
In this study we want to evaluate the clinical use of allogenic mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), obtained from bone marrow of healthy donors, for treatment of Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD). The trial is based in previous results with autologous MSC (Orozco et al., Transplantation 92: 822-828; 2011). Here we propose a phase I-II trial, prospective, randomized, blinded, and controlled for the treatment DDD using MSV, a Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP)-compliant expanded bone marrow MSC (MSV, Investigational medicinal product Num. 10-134). The assay consists of two arms with 12 patients each one. Patients in the experimental arm will be given a single intra-discal transplantation of MSV (25 millions in 2 ml). Control patients will be infiltrated in the paravertebral muscles close to the lesion with 2 ml of 1% mepivacain. We shall follow the evolution of pain, disability and quality of life as well as disc fluid content by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (T2-calibrated).
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Triple blind (participant, care provider, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Allogenic Mesenchymal Stromal Cells | Experimental | Biological: Allogenic Mesenchymal Stromal CellsMesenchymal stem cells (MSC) prepared from bone marrow from healthy donor expanded ex vivo for 3-4 weeks. Intradiscal injection of 25 millions MSC in 2 ml of saline |
| Mepivacaine | Active comparator | Drug: MepivacaineInfiltration of paravertebral musculature close to the affected disc(s) with 2 ml of 1% Mepivacaine |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 75 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (7 listed)
- Degenerative disease of one or two lumbar discs with predominant back pain after conservative treatment (physical and medical) for over 6 months.
- Fibrous ring capable of holding the cell implantation, demonstrated by Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) image (stages 2, 3 and 4 of Adams).
- Decrease of disc height of more than 20% (radiographic measurement in side image).
- Absence of spinal infection.
- Haematological and biochemical analysis wit no significant alterations that contraindicates intervention.
Key exclusion criteria (11 listed)
- Age over 75 or under 18 or legally dependent
- Allergy to gentamicin, or to bovine, cattle or horse serum.
- Congenital or acquired diseases leading to spine deformations that may upset cell application.
- Spinal segmental instability, spinal canal stenosis, isthmus pathology and other conditions that may compromise the study
- Modic III changes on MRI images (31).
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Allogenic Mesenchymal Stromal CellsAlso: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), MSC injection, MSV (MSV=MSC prepared following Valladolid IBGM procedure) | Biological | Allogenic Mesenchymal Stromal Cells |
| MepivacaineAlso: Sham-treated comparator, Mepivacaine is also known as Carbocaine, Mepivacaine is also known as Polocaine | Drug | Mepivacaine |
Primary outcome
Pain and Disability Evaluation
Time frame: Change since the baseline (before intervention) up to the end of the follow-up period, 12 months after the intervention
Change in the composite variable, which includes pain and disability 1 year after intervention, was plotted as a function of the initial pain score or disability index. Results for the relief of lumbar pain and Oswestry disability index were all included for both, control and cell-treated patients. The scores obtained from this analysis (slope of the plot) range from 0 to 1, with higher scores meaning a better outcome.
17 secondary outcomes
Evaluation of Affected Disc(s) by Quantitative MRI Ratio 12/6months
Time frame: At 12 months from 6 months after the intervention
Evaluation of Affected Disc(s) by Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging (RMI): Density at 6 Months
Time frame: At 6 months after the intervention
Evaluation of Affected Disc(s) by Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging (RMI): Density at 12 Months
Time frame: At 12 months after the intervention
Visual Analogue Scale at 3 Months
Time frame: At 3 months after the intervention
Visual Analogue Scale at 6 Months
Time frame: At 6 months after the intervention
Visual Analogue Scale at 12 Months
Time frame: At 12 months after the intervention
Oswestry Disability Index at 3 Months
Time frame: At 3 months after the intervention
Oswestry Disability Index at 6 Months
Time frame: At 6 months after the intervention
Oswestry Disability Index at 12 Months
Time frame: At 12 months after the intervention
SF-12 Physical Component at 3 Months
Time frame: 3 months after the intervention
SF-12 Physical Component at 6 Months
Time frame: 6 months after the intervention
SF-12 Physical Component at 12 Months
Time frame: 12 months after the intervention
SF-12 Mental Component at 3 Months
Time frame: 3 months after the intervention
SF-12 Mental Component at 6 Months
Time frame: 6 months after the intervention
SF-12 Mental Component at 12 Months
Time frame: 12 months after the intervention
Pfirrmann Stage at 6 Months
Time frame: At 6 months after the intervention
Pfirrmann Stage at 12 Months
Time frame: At 12 months after the intervention
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 29 Apr 2024.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Background: PubMed 21792091Orozco L, Soler R, Morera C, Alberca M, Sanchez A, Garcia-Sancho J. Intervertebral disc repair by autologous mesenchymal bone marrow cells: a pilot study. Transplantation. 2011 Oct 15;92(7):822-8. doi: 10.1097/TP.0b013e3182298a15.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 27661661Noriega DC, Ardura F, Hernandez-Ramajo R, Martin-Ferrero MA, Sanchez-Lite I, Toribio B, Alberca M, Garcia V, Moraleda JM, Sanchez A, Garcia-Sancho J. Intervertebral Disc Repair by Allogeneic Mesenchymal Bone Marrow Cells: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Transplantation. 2017 Aug;101(8):1945-1951. doi: 10.1097/TP.0000000000001484.
- Treatment of Degenerative Disc Disease with Autologous Mesenchymal Stem CellsLink provided by the sponsor.
- Citospin S.L. (MSV Cell Production)Link provided by the sponsor.
- Instituto de Biologia y Genética Molecular IBGM), Cell Production ResearchLink provided by the sponsor.
- Intervertebral diskLink provided by the sponsor.
- mesenchymal stem cellsLink provided by the sponsor.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Javier Garcia-Sancho, MD, PhD study chair
Scientific Park Foundation of University of Valladolid
David C Noriega, MD, PhD study director
Hospital Clinico Universitario, Valladolid
Ana Sanchez, MD, PhD study director
Citospin
2 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 1/2 study testing Allogenic Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Mepivacaine in people with Degenerative Disc Disease and Intervertebral Disc Disease, run by Red de Terapia Celular at 2 sites in Spain.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 7 inclusion and 11 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 29 Apr 2024. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 2 sites in Spain. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this combined phase mean?
Phase 1 studies test a treatment in a small group of people for the first time or in a new way, mainly to check safety and find the right dose.
Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 29 Apr 2024). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Pain and Disability Evaluation (time frame: Change since the baseline (before intervention) up to the end of the follow-up period, 12 months after the intervention). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT01860417, which also lists 2 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 29 Apr 2024.