Heart FailurePhase 2NCT01951625
Phase IIb Safety and Efficacy Study of Four Dose Regimens of BAY1021189 in Patients With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction Suffering From Worsening Chronic Heart Failure (SOCRATES-REDUCED)
A Phase 2 study testing Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (1.25 mg) and Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (5 mg) in people with Heart Failure, run by Bayer at 157 sites in 24 countries.
Trial summary
Objective of the study is to find the optimal dose of the once daily oral soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator (sGC) BAY1021189 for Phase III that can be given in addition to standard therapy for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Heart Failure
- What is being tested?
- Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (1.25 mg) and Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (5 mg)
- Type of treatment
- Pill or oral medicine
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 456 participants
- Where
- 157 sitesin 24 countries
- Study dates
- 29 Nov 2013to 9 Jun 2015
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Worsening chronic heart failure (WCHF) requiring hospitalization (or intravenous diuretic treatment for HF without hospitalization) with initiation of study treatment after clinical stabilization
- Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <45% by echocardiography at randomization
Who cannot join
- Intravenous inotropes at any time after hospitalization
Trial locations and contacts
157 sites in 24 countries.
157 sites in 24 countries
Japan20 sites
Study site
Fukui, 910-8526
Study site
Himeji, Hyōgo, 670-0981
Study site
Hiroshima, 734-8530
Study site
Iizuka, Fukuoka, 820-8505
Study site
Kanazawa, Ishikawa-ken, 920-8650
Study site
Komatsushimachō, Tokushima, 773-8502
Study site
Kumamoto, 862-8505
Study site
Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8902
Study site
Minato-ku, Tokyo, 106-0031
Study site
Nagasaki, 850-8555
Study site
Naha, Okinawa, 902-8511
Study site
Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-5188
Study site
Sendai, Miyagi, 981-3133
Study site
Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1096
Study site
Tokushima, 770-8539
Study site
Toyama, 930-8550
Study site
Ureshino, Saga-ken, 843-0393
Study site
Yao, Osaka, 581-0011
Study site
Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0051
Study site
Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 238-8567
United States18 sites
Study site
Atlanta, Georgia, 30342
Study site
Buffalo, New York, 14215
Study site
Charleston, South Carolina, 29425
Study site
Columbus, Ohio, 43210
Study site
Detroit, Michigan, 48202
Study site
Fairfield, Ohio, 45014
Study site
Fort Lauderdale, Florida, 33308
Study site
Fountain Valley, California, 92708
Study site
Germantown, Tennessee, 38138
Study site
Jackson, Mississippi, 39216-4505
Study site
Jacksonville, Florida, 32209
Study site
Macon, Georgia, 31201
Study site
Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53215
Study site
Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55422
Study site
Naples, Florida, 34102
Study site
Nashville, Tennessee, 37232-8802
Study site
New Orleans, Louisiana, 70112-1396
Study site
Wilmington, Delaware, 19803
Germany10 sites
Study site
Bad Homburg, Hesse, 61348
Study site
Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia, 50924
Study site
Erfurt, Thuringia, 99089
Study site
Frankfurt am Main, Hesse, 60596
Study site
Greifswald, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, 17475
Study site
Hamburg, 20246
Study site
Hanover, Lower Saxony, 30625
Study site
Homburg, Saarland, 66424
Study site
München, Bavaria, 80331
Study site
Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia, 48149
Italy10 sites
Study site
Ancona, The Marches, 60126
Study site
Arezzo, Tuscany, 52040
Study site
Bergamo, Lombardy, 24127
Study site
Brescia, Lombardy, 25123
Study site
Como, Lombardy, 22020
Study site
Milan, Lombardy, 20017
Study site
Milan, Lombardy, 20138
Study site
Milan, Lombardy, 20149
Study site
Pavia, Lombardy, 27100
Study site
Verona, Veneto, 37045
Israel9 sites
Study site
Afula, 1834111
Study site
Ashkelon, 7830604
Study site
Hadera, 3810101
Study site
Jerusalem, 9103102
Study site
Petah Tikva, 4941492
Study site
Rehovot, 7610001
Study site
Tel Aviv, 6423906
Study site
Tiberias, 1528001
Study site
Zrifin, 7030000
Belgium8 sites
Study site
Bruges, 8000
Study site
Bruxelles - Brussel, 1200
Study site
Ghent, 9000
Study site
Gilly, 6060
Study site
Huy, 4500
Study site
Mechelen, 2800
Study site
Mol, 2400
Study site
Roeselare, 8800
Czechia8 sites
Study site
Hradec Králové, 500 05
Study site
Kroměříž, 767 01
Fakultni nemocnice Ostrava
Ostrava, 708 52
Study site
Prague, 10034
Study site
Prague, 12808
Study site
Prague, 140 21
Study site
Prague, 169 02
Study site
Slaný, 274 01
Poland7 sites
Study site
Bialystok, 15-276
Study site
Krakow, 31-202
Study site
Legnica, 59-220
Study site
Lodz, 92-213
Study site
Olsztyn, 10-010
Study site
Poznan, 61-848
Study site
Warsaw, 02-507
Spain7 sites
Study site
Barcelona, 08003
Study site
Barcelona, 08023
Study site
L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, 08907
Study site
Majadahonda, Madrid, 28222
Study site
Santander, Cantabria, 39008
Study site
Valencia, 46010
Study site
Valencia, 46026
Canada6 sites
Study site
Montreal, Quebec, H1T 1C8
Study site
Montreal, Quebec, H2W 1T8
Study site
Québec, G1V 4G5
Study site
Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Quebec, J3A 1C3
Study site
Sherbrooke, Quebec, J1G 2E8
Study site
Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8
France6 sites
Study site
Bron, 69677
Study site
La Tronche, 38700
Study site
Lille, 59037
Study site
Paris, 75908
Study site
Pessac, 33604
Study site
Rouen, 76031
Sweden6 sites
Study site
Helsingborg, 251 87
Study site
Karlstad, 651 85
Study site
Linköping, 581 85
Study site
Malmö, 205 02
Study site
Örebro, 701 85
Study site
Stockholm, 118 83
Austria5 sites
Study site
Graz, Styria, 8036
Study site
Linz, Upper Austria, 4020
Study site
Salzburg, 5020
Study site
Sankt Pölten, Lower Austria, 3100
Study site
Vienna, 1220
Bulgaria5 sites
Study site
Sofia, 1202
Study site
Sofia, 1233
Study site
Sofia, 1309
Study site
Sofia, 1527
Study site
Stara Zagora, 6000
Netherlands5 sites
Study site
Amsterdam, 1105 AZ
Study site
Deventer, 7416 SE
Study site
Heerenveen, 8441 PW
Study site
Leeuwarden, 8901 BR
Study site
Veldhoven, 5504 DB
Denmark4 sites
Study site
Aalborg, 9000
Study site
Aarhus N, 8200
Study site
Hellerup, DK-2900
Study site
Viborg, 8800
Singapore4 sites
Study site
Singapore, 119228
Study site
Singapore, 169609
Study site
Singapore, 308433
Study site
Singapore, 768828
Switzerland4 sites
Study site
Bruderholz, 4101
Study site
Liestal, Basel-Landschaft, 4410
Study site
Lugano, 6900
Study site
Zurich, 8091
Taiwan4 sites
Study site
Kaohsiung City, 813
Study site
New Taipei City, 220
Study site
Taipei, 10016
Study site
Taipei, 11217
Australia3 sites
Study site
Darlinghurst, New South Wales, 2010
Study site
Hobart, Tasmania, 7000
Study site
Prahran, Victoria, 3181
Hungary3 sites
Study site
Budapest, 1032
Study site
Kistarcsa, H-2143
Study site
Székesfehérvár, 8000
United Kingdom2 sites
Study site
Chesterfield, Derbyshire, S44 5DX
Study site
Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 4AB
About this study
Official title: A Randomized Parallel-group, Placebo-controlled, Double-blind, Multi-center Dose Finding Phase II Trial Exploring the Pharmacodynamic Effects, Safety and Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Four Dose Regimens of the Oral sGC Stimulator BAY1021189 Over 12 Weeks in Patients With Worsening Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Objective of the study is to find the optimal dose of the once daily oral soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator (sGC) BAY1021189 for Phase III that can be given in addition to standard therapy for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).
- Conditions
- Heart Failure
- Being tested
- Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (1.25 mg), Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (5 mg), Placebo
- Keywords
- Worsening Heart Failure, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction
- Medical subject headings
- Heart Failure
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (1.25 mg)Drug
1.25 mg BAY1021189 tablets
Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (5 mg)Drug
5 mg BAY1021189 tablets
PlaceboDrug
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (10 mg) | Experimental | 2.5 mg orally once daily for 2 weeks, up-titration to 5 mg orally once daily for 2 weeks, up-titration to 10 mg orally once daily for 8 weeks Receives: Drug: Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (1.25 mg); Drug: Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (5 mg) |
| Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (5 mg) | Experimental | 2.5 mg orally once daily for 2 weeks, then 5 mg orally once daily for 10 weeks (with sham titration) Receives: Drug: Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (1.25 mg); Drug: Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (5 mg) |
| Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (2.5 mg) | Experimental | 2.5 mg orally once daily for 12 weeks (with sham titrations) Receives: Drug: Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (1.25 mg) |
| Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (1.25 mg) | Experimental | 1.25 mg orally once daily for 12 weeks (with sham titrations) Receives: Drug: Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (1.25 mg) |
| Placebo | Placebo comparator | Orally once daily for 12 weeks (with sham titrations) Receives: Drug: Placebo |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Change From Baseline in Log-Transformed N-Terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide (NTproBNP) to Week 12
Log-Transformed N-Terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide (NTproBNP) is a circulating plasma biomarker of cardiovascular function and prognosis in heart failure.
Measured: Baseline, Week 12
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted26 Sep 2013 (estimated)
- Study start29 Nov 2013
- Primary completion14 May 2015
- Study completion9 Jun 2015
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (4)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Heart FailureStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by BayerThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Quadruple blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 456 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Bayer
- Sponsor type
- Industry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Bayer Study Director, Study director, Bayer
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01951625
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 15371
- Other IDs
- 2013-002287-11
- Status last verified
- Mar 2021
- First submitted
- 24 Sep 2013
- Last updated
- 25 Mar 2021
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
Publications
Pieske B, Butler J, Filippatos G, Lam C, Maggioni AP, Ponikowski P, Shah S, Solomon S, Kraigher-Krainer E, Samano ET, Scalise AV, Muller K, Roessig L, Gheorghiade M; SOCRATES Investigators and Coordinators. Rationale and design of the SOluble guanylate Cyclase stimulatoR in heArT failurE Studies (SOCRATES). Eur J Heart Fail. 2014 Sep;16(9):1026-38. doi: 10.1002/ejhf.135. Epub 2014 Jul 24.
PubMed 25056511Gheorghiade M, Greene SJ, Butler J, Filippatos G, Lam CS, Maggioni AP, Ponikowski P, Shah SJ, Solomon SD, Kraigher-Krainer E, Samano ET, Muller K, Roessig L, Pieske B; SOCRATES-REDUCED Investigators and Coordinators. Effect of Vericiguat, a Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Stimulator, on Natriuretic Peptide Levels in Patients With Worsening Chronic Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction: The SOCRATES-REDUCED Randomized Trial. JAMA. 2015 Dec 1;314(21):2251-62. doi: 10.1001/jama.2015.15734.
PubMed 26547357Ruehs H, Klein D, Frei M, Grevel J, Austin R, Becker C, Roessig L, Pieske B, Garmann D, Meyer M. Population Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Vericiguat in Patients with Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2021 Nov;60(11):1407-1421. doi: 10.1007/s40262-021-01024-y. Epub 2021 Jun 4.
PubMed 34086190Kramer F, Voss S, Roessig L, Igl BW, Butler J, Lam CSP, Maggioni AP, Shah SJ, Pieske B. Evaluation of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and uric acid in vericiguat-treated patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Eur J Heart Fail. 2020 Sep;22(9):1675-1683. doi: 10.1002/ejhf.1787. Epub 2020 Mar 25.
PubMed 32216011
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 25 Mar 2021. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- A Randomized Parallel-group, Placebo-controlled, Double-blind, Multi-center Dose Finding Phase II Trial Exploring the Pharmacodynamic Effects, Safety and Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Four Dose Regimens of the Oral sGC Stimulator BAY1021189 Over 12 Weeks in Patients With Worsening Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01951625
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 15371
- Conditions
- Heart Failure
- Keywords
- Worsening Heart Failure, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 456 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- BayerIndustry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Study start
- 29 Nov 2013 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 14 May 2015 (actual)
- Study completion
- 9 Jun 2015 (actual)
- First posted
- 26 Sep 2013 (estimated)
- Results
- Posted 25 Mar 2021
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Objective of the study is to find the optimal dose of the once daily oral soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator (sGC) BAY1021189 for Phase III that can be given in addition to standard therapy for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Quadruple blind (participant, care provider, investigator, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 5
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (10 mg) | Experimental | Drug: Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (1.25 mg), Drug: Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (5 mg)2.5 mg orally once daily for 2 weeks, up-titration to 5 mg orally once daily for 2 weeks, up-titration to 10 mg orally once daily for 8 weeks |
| Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (5 mg) | Experimental | Drug: Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (1.25 mg), Drug: Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (5 mg)2.5 mg orally once daily for 2 weeks, then 5 mg orally once daily for 10 weeks (with sham titration) |
| Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (2.5 mg) | Experimental | Drug: Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (1.25 mg)2.5 mg orally once daily for 12 weeks (with sham titrations) |
| Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (1.25 mg) | Experimental | Drug: Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (1.25 mg)1.25 mg orally once daily for 12 weeks (with sham titrations) |
| Placebo | Placebo comparator | Drug: PlaceboOrally once daily for 12 weeks (with sham titrations) |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Worsening chronic heart failure (WCHF) requiring hospitalization (or intravenous diuretic treatment for HF without hospitalization) with initiation of study treatment after clinical stabilization
- Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <45% by echocardiography at randomization
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Intravenous inotropes at any time after hospitalization
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (1.25 mg)1.25 mg BAY1021189 tablets | Drug | Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (1.25 mg), Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (10 mg), Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (2.5 mg), Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (5 mg) |
| Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (5 mg)5 mg BAY1021189 tablets | Drug | Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (10 mg), Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (5 mg) |
| Placebo | Drug | Placebo |
Primary outcome
Change From Baseline in Log-Transformed N-Terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide (NTproBNP) to Week 12
Time frame: Baseline, Week 12
Log-Transformed N-Terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide (NTproBNP) is a circulating plasma biomarker of cardiovascular function and prognosis in heart failure.
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 25 Mar 2021.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Results publication: PubMed 25056511Pieske B, Butler J, Filippatos G, Lam C, Maggioni AP, Ponikowski P, Shah S, Solomon S, Kraigher-Krainer E, Samano ET, Scalise AV, Muller K, Roessig L, Gheorghiade M; SOCRATES Investigators and Coordinators. Rationale and design of the SOluble guanylate Cyclase stimulatoR in heArT failurE Studies (SOCRATES). Eur J Heart Fail. 2014 Sep;16(9):1026-38. doi: 10.1002/ejhf.135. Epub 2014 Jul 24.
- Results publication: PubMed 26547357Gheorghiade M, Greene SJ, Butler J, Filippatos G, Lam CS, Maggioni AP, Ponikowski P, Shah SJ, Solomon SD, Kraigher-Krainer E, Samano ET, Muller K, Roessig L, Pieske B; SOCRATES-REDUCED Investigators and Coordinators. Effect of Vericiguat, a Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Stimulator, on Natriuretic Peptide Levels in Patients With Worsening Chronic Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction: The SOCRATES-REDUCED Randomized Trial. JAMA. 2015 Dec 1;314(21):2251-62. doi: 10.1001/jama.2015.15734.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 34086190Ruehs H, Klein D, Frei M, Grevel J, Austin R, Becker C, Roessig L, Pieske B, Garmann D, Meyer M. Population Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Vericiguat in Patients with Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2021 Nov;60(11):1407-1421. doi: 10.1007/s40262-021-01024-y. Epub 2021 Jun 4.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 32216011Kramer F, Voss S, Roessig L, Igl BW, Butler J, Lam CSP, Maggioni AP, Shah SJ, Pieske B. Evaluation of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and uric acid in vericiguat-treated patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Eur J Heart Fail. 2020 Sep;22(9):1675-1683. doi: 10.1002/ejhf.1787. Epub 2020 Mar 25.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Bayer Study Director study director
Bayer
157 sites in 24 countries: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 2 study testing Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (1.25 mg) and Vericiguat (BAY1021189) (5 mg) in people with Heart Failure, run by Bayer at 157 sites in 24 countries.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 25 Mar 2021. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 157 sites in Japan, United States, Germany, Italy, Israel and 19 more countries. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 25 Mar 2021). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Change From Baseline in Log-Transformed N-Terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide (NTproBNP) to Week 12 (time frame: Baseline, Week 12). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT01951625, which also lists 4 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 25 Mar 2021.