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Knee InjuryKINCT02065518

Electromyostimulation and Strength Walking for Knee Injuries

A study testing NMES, Strength Walking and Standard Rehabilitation Protocol in people with Knee Injury, run by University of Tennessee at 2 sites in United States.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

The purpose of this project is to compare three treatment regimens for knee injury to the standard rehabilitation protocol: 1) NMES, 2) graduated strength walking (via a weighted vest), and 3) NMES combined with graduated strength walking. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 to 50 years
Conditions the study is for
Knee Injury
What is being tested?
NMES, Strength Walking and Standard Rehabilitation Protocol
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
78 participants
Where
2 sitesUnited States
Study dates
Mar 2014to Aug 2018
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 to 50 years
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult

Who may be able to join

  • A diagnosis of knee injury (internal derangement of the knee with new effusion, including knee sprain or strains, meniscal tear, cruciate ligamentous tear, and chondral flap or injury);
  • A diagnosis of knee pain that is anterior knee pain, overuse pain, patella-femoral pain, and chronic pain (less than 6 months) associated with overuse syndromes which negatively impacts performance by (a) pain in 1 or both knees on most days of the month; b) self reported difficulty performing at least one or more tasks due to pain: stair climbing, rising from a chair, walking or running a quarter mile, repetitive movements such as kneeling or squatting or stooping, pain that inhibits job performance and daily activities;
  • Military service member at the time of injury (active duty military and Reserve/ National Guard in active duty status);
  • Age ≥18 and ≤50 years;
  • Ability to provide freely given informed consent.

Who cannot join

  • Fracture or injury to external knee structures such that knee extension or flexion is impaired;
  • Evidence of a fracture on radiographs or clinical evidence of unstable tendon tear/rupture;
  • A significant co-morbid medical condition (such as severe hypertension or neurological disorder in which NMES strength training or unsupervised exercise is contraindicated and would pose a safety threat or impair ability to participate;
  • Inability or unwillingness to participate in a walking or strengthening program;
  • Inability to speak and/or read English;
  • Reduced sensory perception in the lower extremities;
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  • Inability to walk on a treadmill without an assistive device;
  • Vision impairment, where participant is classified as legally blind;
  • Unwillingness to accept random assignment;
  • Pregnancy;
  • A score of 23 or greater on the Center for Epidemiological Studies- Depression scale (CES-D);
  • If the person has a demand type implanted pacemaker or defibrillator.

Trial locations and contacts

2 sites in 1 country.

United States2 sites
  • Malcolm Grow Medical Clinics and Surgery Center

    Andrews Air Force Base, Maryland, 20762

  • Walter Reed National Military Medical Cener

    Bethesda, Maryland, 20889

Other trials in United States

About this study

The purpose of this project is to compare three treatment regimens for knee injury to the standard rehabilitation protocol: 1) NMES, 2) graduated strength walking (via a weighted vest), and 3) NMES combined with graduated strength walking. Each treatment arm will be supplemented by the standard of care and compared to a group who receive the standard rehabilitation only.

The Study will compare the effects of NMES, Strength Walking and combined NMES/ Strength Walking on strength, mobility, symptomatology, and Quality of Life (QOL) in military members with knee injury to a standard rehabilitation protocol program only. All groups will participate in standard rehabilitation protocol. The groups will be assessed over 18 weeks to compare main and interactive effects over time.

Read the detailed description

The prevalence of knee injuries has shown a striking increase of >24% over the last 5 years, affecting work performance, limiting mobility, and impacting military deployment health. This increase reflects the current high op-tempo and frequent deployments of a nation at war including activities related to military operations, physical fitness, and demanding training. We have shown that neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) improves quadriceps muscle strength. We have also shown that a pedometer-based protocol improves fitness. The overall objective of this project is to compare three treatment regimens for knee injury to the standard rehabilitation protocol as potential treatments for improving strength, work efficiency, and mobility in active duty military personnel with a knee injury. Our central hypothesis is that the combination of NMES and walking while wearing a weighted vest will demonstrate greater improvements in muscle strength, work efficiency, and mobility, as compared to the usual care alone. The rationale is that NMES combined with graduated strength walking could produce marked improvements in muscle strength and thereby enhance work performance, readiness and fitness, decrease physical symptoms and faster return to duty. NMES and graduated strength walking, simulate the current uniform in the theatre of operation (body armor).The specific aims are to compare the effectiveness of three treatment regimens to the usual care in improving: (1) muscle strength, (2) work efficiency, (3) mobility, (4) symptoms/pain, and (5) quality of life. After baseline testing, we propose to randomly assign male and female subjects (n=132) ages 18 to 50 years with a knee injury to one of 4 groups: 1) NMES, 2) strength walking, 3) NMES and strength walking, or 4) usual care. All groups will receive 12-weeks of the intervention and 6-weeks of follow-up. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) methods will be used to build regression models for statistical analysis of longitudinal data. If the interventions are effective with respect to parameters of strength, mobility, work performance, and symptoms, recommendations for future treatments can be made. This is hugely important, given the rising rate of knee injuries and the possibility that provider-managed care would be critical for assisting our warriors in a rapid recovery and return to duty.

Conditions
Knee Injury
Being tested
NMES, Strength Walking, Standard Rehabilitation Protocol
Keywords
Muscle strength, Electrical muscle stimulation, Strength training
Medical subject headings
Knee Injuries

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • NMESDevice

    Also called EMPI 300PV neuromuscular stimulator

    Participants will train at 15-20% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) during weeks 1-3, 21-30% of MVC during weeks 3-6 and 31-40% of MVC during weeks 6-9, 41-50% of MVC during weeks 9-12, then sustain 50% of MVC during weeks 12-18. Incremental increases will be made at the 3, 6, 9, and 12-week clinic visits.

  • Strength WalkingBehavioural

    Strength Walking participants will maintain a daily training log. Pedometer readings will form the basis for setting activity goals. Initial step goals will be 10% above the average 3-day pedometer step count taken at baseline, with a 10% increase every other week, and then a gradual increase when 30% above the baseline step count has been achieved. At week 7, participants will be given a weighted vest to begin the strengthening component. Participants will be instructed to wear the vest during their 30-minute walk, 3 to 4 days a week. The beginning weight load for the vest will be calculated using 2% of baseline body weight and it will be increased by that same amount every week thereafter until the end of the 12 weeks.

  • Standard Rehabilitation ProtocolBehavioural

    All participants will receive the current standard of care at the 2 military sites (Walter Reed National Military Medical Center (WRNMMC) and Malcolm Grow Medical Clinics and Surgery Center (MGMCSC)) of the physical therapy rehabilitation protocol for knee injuries. This program includes treatment with a physical therapist at WRNMMC and MGMCSC physical therapy clinic.

Study groups in NCT02065518
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Standard Rehabilitation Protocol (SRP)Active comparatorAll participants will receive the current standard of care, the physical therapy rehabilitation protocol for knee injuries at the WRNMMC and MGMCSC sites. This program includes treatment supervised by a physical therapist at the physical therapy clinics.
Receives: Behavioral: Standard Rehabilitation Protocol
NMES w/ SRPExperimentalIn addition to the standard rehabilitation protocol, two treatment groups will receive a portable lightweight device (300PV unit) that provides clearly defined electrical stimuli. NMES training will consist of performing four 30-minute stimulation sessions per week for 12 weeks; each 30-minute session will entail 15 minutes/leg with 15 contractions per leg. Each contraction will be elicited by an electrical impulse (300PV) generated by a battery-operated device (EMPI, St. Paul, MN).
Receives: Device: NMES; Behavioral: Standard Rehabilitation Protocol
Strength Walking w/ SRPExperimentalThe Strength Walking groups will participate in a Home-Based Pedometer-Driven Walking Program. All participants in this group will be given a pedometer to monitor their daily steps and, at week 7, a weighted exercise vest to begin the strengthening component. In addition to the standard WRNMMC rehabilitation protocol, a series of 10-minute lessons focused on increasing physical activity through lifestyle education and the use of a pedometer as a motivational tool and personal fitness tracker will be incorporated into their testing sessions for the first 6 weeks. At week 7, participants will be given a weighted vest to begin the strengthening component.
Receives: Behavioral: Strength Walking; Behavioral: Standard Rehabilitation Protocol
NMES/Strength Walking w/ SRPExperimentalIn addition to the standard rehabilitation protocol, one group will receive NMES training and will participate in a Home-Based Pedometer-Driven Walking Program. This group will follow the protocol for both the NMES training and Strength Walking.
Receives: Device: NMES; Behavioral: Strength Walking; Behavioral: Standard Rehabilitation Protocol

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Lower Extremity Muscle Strength- Extension

    Muscle strength was measured with a handheld dynamometer for extensor knee strength of the injured and uninjured knee.

    Measured: 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 18 weeks

  2. Lower Extremity Muscle Strength- Flexion

    Muscle strength was measured with a handheld dynamometer for flexor knee strength of the injured and uninjured knee.

    Measured: 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 18 weeks

  3. Lower Extremity Mobility- 6-Minute Walk Test

    Mobility was measured by the distance walked at a fast pace over 6-minutes,

    Measured: 0, 6, 12, and 18 weeks

  4. Lower Extremity Strength- Chair Test

    Mobility was measured by the number of complete standing and sitting cycles in 30-seconds

    Measured: 0, 6, 12, and 18 weeks

  5. Lower Extremity Mobility and Endurance- Step Test

    Mobility and endurance were measured by the number of up and down step cycles completed in 2-minutes.

    Measured: 0, 6, 12, and 18 weeks

Secondary outcomes (6)
  1. Overall Pain Severity

    Pain severity was measured using item 3 from the IDKC Subjective Knee Evaluation: "If you have knee pain, how severe is it?" Participants responded using a scale of 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst pain imaginable). A mean pain score was calculated.

    Measured: 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 18 weeks

  2. Knee Pain Following Performance Testing- 6-Minute Walk Test

    Knee pain intensity after the 6-Minute Walk Test was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale, an 11-point numerical rating scale. Participants rated current knee pain intensity on a scale of 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst pain imaginable). A mean pain score was calculated.

    Measured: 0, 6, 12, and 18 weeks

  3. Knee Pain Following Performance Testing- Chair Stand Test

    Knee pain intensity after the 30-Second Chair Stand Test was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale, an 11-point numerical rating scale. Participants rated current knee pain intensity on a scale of 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst pain imaginable). A mean pain score was calculated.

    Measured: 0, 6, 12, and 18 weeks

  4. Knee Pain Following Performance Testing- 2-Minute Step Test

    Knee pain intensity after the 2-Minute Step Test was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale, an 11-point numerical rating scale. Participants rated current knee pain intensity on a scale of 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst pain imaginable). A mean pain score was calculated.

    Measured: 0, 6, 12, and 18 weeks

  5. Activities of Daily Living- Knee Symptoms

    The Activities of Daily Living Scale was used to measure self-perceived knee symptoms while performing typical activities. The knee symptom subscale ranges from "I do not have the symptom" to "The symptom prevents me from all daily activity". Scores ranged from 0-35. Higher scores are associated with diminished symptoms. A mean score was calculated.

    Measured: 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 18 weeks

  6. Activities of Daily Living- Activity Limitation

    The Activities of Daily Living Scale was used to measure self-perceived limitations while performing typical activities. The limitation subscale ranges from "Activity is not difficult " to "I am unable to do the activity". Scores range from 0-45. Higher scores are associated with diminished symptoms. A mean score was calculated.

    Measured: 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 18 weeks

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted19 Feb 2014 (estimated)
  2. Study startMar 2014
  3. Primary completionAug 2016
  4. Study completionAug 2018

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Factorial
Masking
None (open label)
Enrolment
78 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT02065518
Sponsor's protocol ID
HU0001-10-1-TS04
Other IDs
TSNRP Grant HU0001-10-1-TS04
Acronym
KI
Status last verified
Oct 2018
First submitted
12 Feb 2014
Last updated
28 Aug 2019
Data monitoring committee
Yes

Publications

  • Talbot LA. (2016). Electromyostimulation and Strength Walking for Knee Injuries: Nurse Managed Care. 19 p, NTIS Report No.: PB2017102173.

  • Talbot LA, Brede E, Price MN, Zuber PD, Metter EJ. Self-Managed Strength Training for Active Duty Military With a Knee Injury: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial. Mil Med. 2019 Jul 1;184(7-8):e174-e183. doi: 10.1093/milmed/usy347.

    PubMed 30690578
  • Talbot LA, Brede E, Price M, Metter EJ. Health-related quality of life in active duty military: A secondary data analysis of two randomized controlled trials. Nurs Outlook. 2017 Sep-Oct;65(5S):S53-S60. doi: 10.1016/j.outlook.2017.07.010. Epub 2017 Jul 25.

    PubMed 28830632

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing NMES, Strength Walking and Standard Rehabilitation Protocol in people with Knee Injury, run by University of Tennessee at 2 sites in United States.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 12 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 28 Aug 2019. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 2 sites in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 14 Aug 2019). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Lower Extremity Muscle Strength- Extension (time frame: 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 18 weeks). The study lists 5 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT02065518, which also lists 3 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 28 Aug 2019.

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