Breast CancerNCT02202252
Single Versus Double Drains After Mastectomy
A study testing Insertion of a single drain, Insertion of double drains and Ultrasonography after removal of the drains in people with Breast Cancer and Mastectomy, run by Ankara Diskapi Training and Research Hospital at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
It is not known whether decreasing the number of drains used decreases patients' discomfort and duration of hospital stay without increasing seroma formation after mastectomies. Hypothesis. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 80 years, women only
- Conditions the study is for
- Breast Cancer, Mastectomy
- What is being tested?
- Insertion of a single drain, Insertion of double drains and Ultrasonography after removal of the drains
- Type of treatment
- Surgery or procedure
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 60 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- Jul 2014to Feb 2015
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 80 years
- Women only
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Breast cancer
- Modified radical mastectomy
Who cannot join
- Distant metastasis
- Male breast cancer
- Bleeding diathesis
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Diskapi Training and Research Hospital
Ankara, 06110
About this study
Official title: Comparison of Single Versus Double Drains After Modified Radical Mastectomy
It is not known whether decreasing the number of drains used decreases patients' discomfort and duration of hospital stay without increasing seroma formation after mastectomies.
Hypothesis. Use of one drain increases patient comfort without increasing seroma formation after modified radical mastectomy (MRM) as compared to double drains.
Material and Method: Sixty patients undergoing MRM at Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital will be randomised into single versus double drains groups. A negative pressure drain will be inserted below the lower flap directing to the axilla in the single drain group or two similar drains will be inserted into the axilla and below the lower flap in the double drains group. Drains will be removed if the output is less than 30 ml. Seroma is defined as fluid accumulation below the flaps and will be examined daily after the operation. One day after removal of the drains seroma under the flaps and in the axilla will be examined by ultrasonography. Age, body mass index smoking history, coexisting diseases of the patients duration of the hospital stay, duration of the drains in place, total drain output in the first three days after the operation and the need and frequency of aspirations due to seroma formation will be recorded. Patient comfort was measured with a comfort scale between 1-10 measuring incisional pain, pain caused by the drains, discomfort or sleep disturbances caused by the drains, The duration of the longer staying drain in the double drain group will be recorded for the duration of the drain in place parameter.
Read the detailed description
Background: Seroma is one of the most common complications after mastectomies. Seroma formation results in delays in wound healing, incisional dehiscence, infections and long hospital stay. Although there are studies proving that drains do not prevent seroma formation, the use of drains for that purpose is still very common. Decreasing the number of drains used after mastectomies has been shown to decrease patients' discomfort and duration of hospital stay without increasing seroma formation.
Objective: To investigate the effects of single versus double drains on patient comfort and seroma formation after modified radical mastectomy (MRM) Material and Method: Sixty patients undergoing MRM at Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital will be randomised into single versus double drains groups. A negative pressure drain will be inserted below the lower flap directing to the axilla in the single drain group or two similar drains will be inserted into the axilla and below the lower flap in the double drains group. Drains will be removed if the output is less than 30 ml. Seroma is defined as fluid accumulation below the flaps and will be examined daily after the operation. One day after removal of the drains seroma under the flaps and in the axilla will be examined by ultrasonography. Age, body mass index smoking history, coexisting diseases of the patients duration of the hospital stay, duration of the drains in place, total drain output in the first three days after the operation and the need and frequency of aspirations due to seroma formation will be recorded. Patient comfort was measured with a comfort scale between 1-10 measuring incisional pain, pain caused by the drains, discomfort or sleep disturbances caused by the drains, The duration of the longer staying drain in the double drain group will be recorded for the duration of the drain in place parameter. Two groups will be compared with chi-square, student's t-test or Mann-Whitney U test. P<0.005 will be considered as significant.
- Conditions
- Breast Cancer, Mastectomy
- Being tested
- Insertion of a single drain, Insertion of double drains, Ultrasonography after removal of the drains
- Keywords
- Patient comfort, Drains, Breast cancer, Modified radical mastectomy, Seroma
- Medical subject headings
- Breast Neoplasms, Seroma
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Insertion of a single drainProcedure or surgery
A negative pressure drain will be inserted below the lower flap directing to the axilla.
Insertion of double drainsProcedure or surgery
Two drains will be inserted into the axilla and below the lower flap in the double drains group.
Ultrasonography after removal of the drainsProcedure or surgery
One day after removal of the drains seroma under the flaps and in the axilla will be examined by ultrasonography.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Single drain | Experimental | Insertion of a single drain: A negative pressure drain will be inserted below the lower flap directing to the axilla in the single drain group.
Ultrasonography after removal of the drains: One day after removal of the drains seroma under the flaps and in the axilla will be examined by ultrasonography. Receives: Procedure: Insertion of a single drain; Procedure: Ultrasonography after removal of the drains |
| Double drain | Experimental | Insertion of double drains: Two negative pressure drains will be inserted into the axilla and below the lower flap in the double drains group.
Ultrasonography after removal of the drains: One day after removal of the drains seroma under the flaps and in the axilla will be examined by ultrasonography. Receives: Procedure: Insertion of double drains; Procedure: Ultrasonography after removal of the drains |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Patient Comfort Scale
Patient comfort was measured with a comfort scale between 1-10 measuring incisional pain, pain caused by the drains, discomfort or sleep disturbances caused by the drains. 1 denotes no discomfort related to drains, 10 denotes maximum discomfort unrelieved even with nonsteroid antiinflammatory analgesics. The data will be presented by median value and range (minimum-maximum).
Measured: Postoperative 5 days
Secondary outcomes (1)
Seroma Formation
Seroma is defined as fluid accumulation below the flaps and will be examined daily after the operation. One day after removal of the drains seroma under the flaps and in the axilla will be examined by ultrasonography..
Measured: Twenty-four hours after removal of the drains up to 4 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted28 Jul 2014 (estimated)
- Study startJul 2014
- Primary completionFeb 2015
- Study completionFeb 2015
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (5)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Breast CancerStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Ankara Diskapi Training and Research Hospital
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Melih Akinci, Ankara Diskapi Training and Research Hospital
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02202252
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- DGC-45
- Status last verified
- Mar 2015
- First submitted
- 23 Jul 2014
- Last updated
- 10 Apr 2015
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- No
Publications
Akinci M, Cetin B, Aslan S, Kulacoglu H. Factors affecting seroma formation after mastectomy with full axillary dissection. Acta Chir Belg. 2009 Jul-Aug;109(4):481-3. doi: 10.1080/00015458.2009.11680464.
PubMed 19803259Aitken DR, Minton JP. Complications associated with mastectomy. Surg Clin North Am. 1983 Dec;63(6):1331-52. doi: 10.1016/s0039-6109(16)43192-0. No abstract available.
PubMed 6359504Jain PK, Sowdi R, Anderson AD, MacFie J. Randomized clinical trial investigating the use of drains and fibrin sealant following surgery for breast cancer. Br J Surg. 2004 Jan;91(1):54-60. doi: 10.1002/bjs.4435.
PubMed 14716794Talbot ML, Magarey CJ. Reduced use of drains following axillary lymphadenectomy for breast cancer. ANZ J Surg. 2002 Jul;72(7):488-90. doi: 10.1046/j.1445-2197.2002.02456.x.
PubMed 12123509Saratzis A, Soumian S, Willetts R, Rastall S, Stonelake PS. Use of multiple drains after mastectomy is associated with more patient discomfort and longer postoperative stay. Clin Breast Cancer. 2009 Nov;9(4):243-6. doi: 10.3816/CBC.2009.n.041.
PubMed 19933080
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 10 Apr 2015. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Comparison of Single Versus Double Drains After Modified Radical Mastectomy
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02202252
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- DGC-45
- Conditions
- Breast Cancer, Mastectomy
- Keywords
- Patient comfort, Drains, Breast cancer, Modified radical mastectomy, Seroma
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Ankara Diskapi Training and Research HospitalUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- Jul 2014
- Primary completion
- Feb 2015 (actual)
- Study completion
- Feb 2015 (actual)
- First posted
- 28 Jul 2014 (estimated)
- Results
- Posted 10 Apr 2015
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
It is not known whether decreasing the number of drains used decreases patients' discomfort and duration of hospital stay without increasing seroma formation after mastectomies.
Hypothesis. Use of one drain increases patient comfort without increasing seroma formation after modified radical mastectomy (MRM) as compared to double drains.
Material and Method: Sixty patients undergoing MRM at Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital will be randomised into single versus double drains groups. A negative pressure drain will be inserted below the lower flap directing to the axilla in the single drain group or two similar drains will be inserted into the axilla and below the lower flap in the double drains group. Drains will be removed if the output is less than 30 ml. Seroma is defined as fluid accumulation below the flaps and will be examined daily after the operation. One day after removal of the drains seroma under the flaps and in the axilla will be examined by ultrasonography. Age, body mass index smoking history, coexisting diseases of the patients duration of the hospital stay, duration of the drains in place, total drain output in the first three days after the operation and the need and frequency of aspirations due to seroma formation will be recorded. Patient comfort was measured with a comfort scale between 1-10 measuring incisional pain, pain caused by the drains, discomfort or sleep disturbances caused by the drains, The duration of the longer staying drain in the double drain group will be recorded for the duration of the drain in place parameter.
Detailed description
Background: Seroma is one of the most common complications after mastectomies. Seroma formation results in delays in wound healing, incisional dehiscence, infections and long hospital stay. Although there are studies proving that drains do not prevent seroma formation, the use of drains for that purpose is still very common. Decreasing the number of drains used after mastectomies has been shown to decrease patients' discomfort and duration of hospital stay without increasing seroma formation.
Objective: To investigate the effects of single versus double drains on patient comfort and seroma formation after modified radical mastectomy (MRM) Material and Method: Sixty patients undergoing MRM at Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital will be randomised into single versus double drains groups. A negative pressure drain will be inserted below the lower flap directing to the axilla in the single drain group or two similar drains will be inserted into the axilla and below the lower flap in the double drains group. Drains will be removed if the output is less than 30 ml. Seroma is defined as fluid accumulation below the flaps and will be examined daily after the operation. One day after removal of the drains seroma under the flaps and in the axilla will be examined by ultrasonography. Age, body mass index smoking history, coexisting diseases of the patients duration of the hospital stay, duration of the drains in place, total drain output in the first three days after the operation and the need and frequency of aspirations due to seroma formation will be recorded. Patient comfort was measured with a comfort scale between 1-10 measuring incisional pain, pain caused by the drains, discomfort or sleep disturbances caused by the drains, The duration of the longer staying drain in the double drain group will be recorded for the duration of the drain in place parameter. Two groups will be compared with chi-square, student's t-test or Mann-Whitney U test. P<0.005 will be considered as significant.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Single drain | Experimental | Procedure: Insertion of a single drain, Procedure: Ultrasonography after removal of the drainsInsertion of a single drain: A negative pressure drain will be inserted below the lower flap directing to the axilla in the single drain group. Ultrasonography after removal of the drains: One day after removal of the drains seroma under the flaps and in the axilla will be examined by ultrasonography. |
| Double drain | Experimental | Procedure: Insertion of double drains, Procedure: Ultrasonography after removal of the drainsInsertion of double drains: Two negative pressure drains will be inserted into the axilla and below the lower flap in the double drains group. Ultrasonography after removal of the drains: One day after removal of the drains seroma under the flaps and in the axilla will be examined by ultrasonography. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 80 years
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Breast cancer
- Modified radical mastectomy
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Distant metastasis
- Male breast cancer
- Bleeding diathesis
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Insertion of a single drainA negative pressure drain will be inserted below the lower flap directing to the axilla. | Procedure or surgery | Single drain |
| Insertion of double drainsTwo drains will be inserted into the axilla and below the lower flap in the double drains group. | Procedure or surgery | Double drain |
| Ultrasonography after removal of the drainsOne day after removal of the drains seroma under the flaps and in the axilla will be examined by ultrasonography. | Procedure or surgery | Double drain, Single drain |
Primary outcome
Patient Comfort Scale
Time frame: Postoperative 5 days
Patient comfort was measured with a comfort scale between 1-10 measuring incisional pain, pain caused by the drains, discomfort or sleep disturbances caused by the drains. 1 denotes no discomfort related to drains, 10 denotes maximum discomfort unrelieved even with nonsteroid antiinflammatory analgesics. The data will be presented by median value and range (minimum-maximum).
1 secondary outcome
Seroma Formation
Time frame: Twenty-four hours after removal of the drains up to 4 weeks
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 10 Apr 2015.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Background: PubMed 19803259Akinci M, Cetin B, Aslan S, Kulacoglu H. Factors affecting seroma formation after mastectomy with full axillary dissection. Acta Chir Belg. 2009 Jul-Aug;109(4):481-3. doi: 10.1080/00015458.2009.11680464.
- Background: PubMed 6359504Aitken DR, Minton JP. Complications associated with mastectomy. Surg Clin North Am. 1983 Dec;63(6):1331-52. doi: 10.1016/s0039-6109(16)43192-0. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 14716794Jain PK, Sowdi R, Anderson AD, MacFie J. Randomized clinical trial investigating the use of drains and fibrin sealant following surgery for breast cancer. Br J Surg. 2004 Jan;91(1):54-60. doi: 10.1002/bjs.4435.
- Background: PubMed 12123509Talbot ML, Magarey CJ. Reduced use of drains following axillary lymphadenectomy for breast cancer. ANZ J Surg. 2002 Jul;72(7):488-90. doi: 10.1046/j.1445-2197.2002.02456.x.
- Background: PubMed 19933080Saratzis A, Soumian S, Willetts R, Rastall S, Stonelake PS. Use of multiple drains after mastectomy is associated with more patient discomfort and longer postoperative stay. Clin Breast Cancer. 2009 Nov;9(4):243-6. doi: 10.3816/CBC.2009.n.041.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Insertion of a single drain, Insertion of double drains and Ultrasonography after removal of the drains in people with Breast Cancer and Mastectomy, run by Ankara Diskapi Training and Research Hospital at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 10 Apr 2015. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 10 Apr 2015). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Patient Comfort Scale (time frame: Postoperative 5 days). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT02202252, which also lists 5 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 10 Apr 2015.