Heart FailureDAHFPNCT02228083
Dental Anesthesia in Heart Failure Patients
A study testing Lidocaine with epinephrine in people with Heart Failure, run by University of Sao Paulo General Hospital at 1 site in Brazil.
Trial summary
To investigate the occurrence of arrhythmias in dental treatment with local anesthetic. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 70 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Heart Failure
- What is being tested?
- Lidocaine with epinephrine
- Type of treatment
- Pill or oral medicine, Injection or infusion
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 70 participants
- Where
- 1 siteBrazil
- Study dates
- Sep 2014to Sep 2017
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 70 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- any race,nationality,profession, single or married.
- class II , III or IV of New York heart Association ( NYHA)
- minimum 45% ventricular ejection fraction
- patient must be in a clinical treatment or hospital treatment
- patient must need dental restorative treatment , mandible or maxilla, due to caries or need for substitution of a inadequate dental filling.
Who cannot join
- patients with history of heart attack within less than three months
- acute myocardial infarction
- unstable angina
- significant ventricular dysfunction
- severe ventricular arrhythmia
- malignant hypertension
Show all 10Show fewer
- neoplasms
- sepsis
- pregnancy
- allergy to lidocaine and epinephrine
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Brazil1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Instituto do Coração HCFMUSP
São Paulo, São Paulo, 05403000
Itamara LI Neves, PhD, 1126615229, itamara@incor.usp.br
Sergio ET Quaresma, MS., 11983890099, setquaresma@uol.com.br
About this study
Official title: Occurrence of Heart Arrhythmia During Restorative Dental Procedure Under Local Anesthesia , in Heart Failure Pacients. A Double-blind Study
To investigate the occurrence of arrhythmias in dental treatment with local anesthetic.
Read the detailed description
Heart failure is defined as the inability of the heart to offer blood supply required to meet metabolic demand of the tissues and thus exercise adequately its role as a pump. According to data collected from the single health system (DATASUS), approximately 6.4 million Brazilians have heart failure. This large contingent of patients will require multi-professional treatment, in particular, careful with dental health heart failure is regarded as the final common pathway of most cardiovascular diseases and, after installation of symptoms (mainly in the stages of functional class NYHA III and IV) have poor prognosis with average survival of 1.7 years 3.2 years for men and for women. Dental treatment often requires application of local anesthetic. The adrenaline, agent vasoconstrictor, is widely used in dental treatment and aims to extend the effect of local anesthetic. Specifically in people with heart failure, there shortcomings of evidence in the literature, the harmful effects of adrenaline 1:100,000 added to the local anaesthetic lidocaine. Among the potential complications, we can highlight: arrhythmias, systemic blood pressure elevation and elevation of heart rate. The main objective of this work will investigate the occurrence of arrhythmias by evaluating of electrocardiographic parameters. Our secondary objectives will be assessing: variations of blood pressure by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, cardiac frequency and chest pain. We will study 70 patients between 18 and 75 years with a diagnosis of congestive heart failure functional class NYHA III and IV and restorative dental treatment indication. A random picture in double-blind study, patients are divided into two groups, one group receives as local anesthetic lidocaine 2% with adrenaline 1 in comparison with the second group that will receive 2% lidocaine with vasoconstrictor.
- Conditions
- Heart Failure
- Being tested
- Lidocaine with epinephrine
- Keywords
- dental, epinephrine, local anesthetic, lidocaine, cardiac arrhythmias, procedure
- Medical subject headings
- Heart Failure, Arrhythmias, Cardiac
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Lidocaine with epinephrineDrug
Lidocaine without vasoconstrictor , lidocaine with epinephrine 1:100,000
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Safety of dental anesthesia | Active comparator | Application of local dental anesthesia with two cartridges (5,6 mL) of the lidocaine 2% with epinephrine 1:100.000 in heart failure patients in functional class III or IV. Receives: Drug: Lidocaine with epinephrine |
| Oral health profile | Other | An oral health profile of patients with heart failure will be described based in oral clinical examination. Receives: Drug: Lidocaine with epinephrine |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Heart rate (bpm)
The continuous electrocardiogram recording for a period of 24 hours will be obtained through the Holter monitor model Seer Ligth (GE), with three channels (seven-way) cable, installed a half hour before the dental procedure. The first analysis will be done automatically by the computer system, followed by visual and manual review at which supraventricular and ventricular premature heartbeats will be filtered accurately.
Electrocardiographic variables are: heart rate maximum, minimum and mean HR, supraventricular extrasystole (VES) and ventricular (EV) FC. The program shall provide the record in HR per minute for 24 hours. The average individual will be calculated for the period studied, to then calculate the sample mean and groups LSA and LCA. The ESV and EV will be identified in tracing obtained every minute. Consider the valid values recorded HR and ischemic episodes; analyze the occurrence of EV and ESV occurring in number> 10 per hour in both groups, by study period.
Measured: 24 hours
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted28 Aug 2014 (estimated)
- Study startSep 2014
- Primary completionSep 2016 (estimated)
- Study completionSep 2017 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (17)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Heart FailureStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by University of Sao Paulo General HospitalThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Triple blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Care provider, Investigator
- Enrolment
- 70 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Sao Paulo General Hospital
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Itamara LI Neves, PhD, Principal investigator, Instituto do Coração do HCFMUSPEdimar A Bocchi, Habilitation, Study director, Heart Institute of Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São PauloRicardo S Neves, PhD, Study chair, Instituto do Coração do HCFMUSPSergio ET Quaresma, MS., Study chair, Heart Institute of Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02228083
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- InsufCard
- Acronym
- DAHFP
- Status last verified
- Oct 2015
- First submitted
- 26 Aug 2014
- Last updated
- 19 Oct 2015
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
Publications
Mann DL. Mechanisms and models in heart failure: A combinatorial approach. Circulation. 1999 Aug 31;100(9):999-1008. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.100.9.999. No abstract available.
PubMed 10468532Palatini P, Frigo G, Bertolo O, Roman E, Da Corta R, Winnicki M. Validation of the A&D TM-2430 device for ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and evaluation of performance according to subjects' characteristics. Blood Press Monit. 1998 Aug;3(4):255-260.
PubMed 10212363Sivaneswaran S. The oral health of adults in NSW, 2004-06. N S W Public Health Bull. 2009 Mar-Apr;20(3-4):46-51. doi: 10.1071/NB08066.
PubMed 19401068SILNESS J, LOE H. PERIODONTAL DISEASE IN PREGNANCY. II. CORRELATION BETWEEN ORAL HYGIENE AND PERIODONTAL CONDTION. Acta Odontol Scand. 1964 Feb;22:121-35. doi: 10.3109/00016356408993968. No abstract available.
PubMed 14158464[Guidelines of the Brazilian Cardiology Society to the diagnosis and treatment of heart failure]. Arq Bras Cardiol. 1999 Feb;72 Suppl 1:1-30. No abstract available. Portuguese.
PubMed 10488571Hunt SA, Abraham WT, Chin MH, Feldman AM, Francis GS, Ganiats TG, Jessup M, Konstam MA, Mancini DM, Michl K, Oates JA, Rahko PS, Silver MA, Stevenson LW, Yancy CW, Antman EM, Smith SC Jr, Adams CD, Anderson JL, Faxon DP, Fuster V, Halperin JL, Hiratzka LF, Jacobs AK, Nishimura R, Ornato JP, Page RL, Riegel B; American College of Cardiology; American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines; American College of Chest Physicians; International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation; Heart Rhythm Society. ACC/AHA 2005 Guideline Update for the Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Heart Failure in the Adult: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Update the 2001 Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Heart Failure): developed in collaboration with the American College of Chest Physicians and the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society. Circulation. 2005 Sep 20;112(12):e154-235. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.167586. Epub 2005 Sep 13. No abstract available.
PubMed 16160202Hunt SA, Baker DW, Chin MH, Cinquegrani MP, Feldman AM, Francis GS, Ganiats TG, Goldstein S, Gregoratos G, Jessup ML, Noble RJ, Packer M, Silver MA, Stevenson LW, Gibbons RJ, Antman EM, Alpert JS, Faxon DP, Fuster V, Jacobs AK, Hiratzka LF, Russell RO, Smith SC Jr; American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association. ACC/AHA guidelines for the evaluation and management of chronic heart failure in the adult: executive summary. A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee to revise the 1995 Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Heart Failure). J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001 Dec;38(7):2101-13. doi: 10.1016/s0735-1097(01)01683-7. No abstract available.
PubMed 11738322Hempenstall PD, Campbell JP, Bajurnow AT, Reade PC, McGrath B, Harrison LC. Cardiovascular, biochemical, and hormonal responses to intravenous sedation with local analgesia versus general anesthesia in patients undergoing oral surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1986 Jun;44(6):441-6. doi: 10.1016/s0278-2391(86)80008-8.
PubMed 3009759Brand HS, Gortzak RA, Abraham-Inpijn L. Anxiety and heart rate correlation prior to dental checkup. Int Dent J. 1995 Dec;45(6):347-51.
PubMed 8666460Hasse AL, Heng MK, Garrett NR. Blood pressure and electrocardiographic response to dental treatment with use of local anesthesia. J Am Dent Assoc. 1986 Oct;113(4):639-42. doi: 10.14219/jada.archive.1986.0245.
PubMed 2945853Hill CM, Mostafa P, Stuart AG, Thomas DW, Walker RV. ECG variations in patients pre- and post-local anaesthesia and analgesia. Br Dent J. 2009 Dec 19;207(12):E23. doi: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2009.978. Epub 2009 Nov 6.
PubMed 19893562Neves RS, Neves IL, Giorgi DM, Grupi CJ, Cesar LA, Hueb W, Grinberg M. Effects of epinephrine in local dental anesthesia in patients with coronary artery disease. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2007 May;88(5):545-51. doi: 10.1590/s0066-782x2007000500008. English, Portuguese.
PubMed 17589629Perusse R, Goulet JP, Turcotte JY. Contraindications to vasoconstrictors in dentistry: Part I. Cardiovascular diseases. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1992 Nov;74(5):679-86. doi: 10.1016/0030-4220(92)90365-w.
PubMed 1437073Rhodus NL, Falace DA. Management of the dental patient with congestive heart failure. Gen Dent. 2002 May-Jun;50(3):260-5, quiz 266-7.
PubMed 12116514Blinder D, Manor Y, Shemesh J, Taicher S. Electrocardiographic changes in cardiac patients having dental extractions under a local anesthetic containing a vasopressor. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1998 Dec;56(12):1399-402; discussion 1402-3. doi: 10.1016/s0278-2391(98)90403-7.
PubMed 9846537
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 19 Oct 2015. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Occurrence of Heart Arrhythmia During Restorative Dental Procedure Under Local Anesthesia , in Heart Failure Pacients. A Double-blind Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02228083
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- DAHFP / InsufCard
- Conditions
- Heart Failure
- Keywords
- dental, epinephrine, local anesthetic, lidocaine, cardiac arrhythmias, procedure
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Unknown status
- Enrolment
- 70 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- University of Sao Paulo General HospitalUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
- Study start
- Sep 2014
- Primary completion
- Sep 2016 (estimated)
- Study completion
- Sep 2017 (estimated)
- First posted
- 28 Aug 2014 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
To investigate the occurrence of arrhythmias in dental treatment with local anesthetic.
Detailed description
Heart failure is defined as the inability of the heart to offer blood supply required to meet metabolic demand of the tissues and thus exercise adequately its role as a pump. According to data collected from the single health system (DATASUS), approximately 6.4 million Brazilians have heart failure. This large contingent of patients will require multi-professional treatment, in particular, careful with dental health heart failure is regarded as the final common pathway of most cardiovascular diseases and, after installation of symptoms (mainly in the stages of functional class NYHA III and IV) have poor prognosis with average survival of 1.7 years 3.2 years for men and for women. Dental treatment often requires application of local anesthetic. The adrenaline, agent vasoconstrictor, is widely used in dental treatment and aims to extend the effect of local anesthetic. Specifically in people with heart failure, there shortcomings of evidence in the literature, the harmful effects of adrenaline 1:100,000 added to the local anaesthetic lidocaine. Among the potential complications, we can highlight: arrhythmias, systemic blood pressure elevation and elevation of heart rate. The main objective of this work will investigate the occurrence of arrhythmias by evaluating of electrocardiographic parameters. Our secondary objectives will be assessing: variations of blood pressure by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, cardiac frequency and chest pain. We will study 70 patients between 18 and 75 years with a diagnosis of congestive heart failure functional class NYHA III and IV and restorative dental treatment indication. A random picture in double-blind study, patients are divided into two groups, one group receives as local anesthetic lidocaine 2% with adrenaline 1 in comparison with the second group that will receive 2% lidocaine with vasoconstrictor.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Triple blind (participant, care provider, investigator)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Safety of dental anesthesia | Active comparator | Drug: Lidocaine with epinephrineApplication of local dental anesthesia with two cartridges (5,6 mL) of the lidocaine 2% with epinephrine 1:100.000 in heart failure patients in functional class III or IV. |
| Oral health profile | Other | Drug: Lidocaine with epinephrineAn oral health profile of patients with heart failure will be described based in oral clinical examination. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 70 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- any race,nationality,profession, single or married.
- class II , III or IV of New York heart Association ( NYHA)
- minimum 45% ventricular ejection fraction
- patient must be in a clinical treatment or hospital treatment
- patient must need dental restorative treatment , mandible or maxilla, due to caries or need for substitution of a inadequate dental filling.
Key exclusion criteria (10 listed)
- patients with history of heart attack within less than three months
- acute myocardial infarction
- unstable angina
- significant ventricular dysfunction
- severe ventricular arrhythmia
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Lidocaine with epinephrineLidocaine without vasoconstrictor , lidocaine with epinephrine 1:100,000 | Drug | Oral health profile, Safety of dental anesthesia |
Primary outcome
Heart rate (bpm)
Time frame: 24 hours
The continuous electrocardiogram recording for a period of 24 hours will be obtained through the Holter monitor model Seer Ligth (GE), with three channels (seven-way) cable, installed a half hour before the dental procedure. The first analysis will be done automatically by the computer system, followed by visual and manual review at which supraventricular and ventricular premature heartbeats will be filtered accurately. Electrocardiographic variables are: heart rate maximum, minimum and mean HR, supraventricular extrasystole (VES) and ventricular (EV) FC. The program shall provide the record in HR per minute for 24 hours. The average individual will be calculated for the period studied, to then calculate the sample mean and groups LSA and LCA. The ESV and EV will be identified in tracing obtained every minute. Consider the valid values recorded HR and ischemic episodes; analyze the occurrence of EV and ESV occurring in number> 10 per hour in both groups, by study period.
Results and safety
Results are not available in the source record.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 19 Oct 2015.
- Background: PubMed 10468532Mann DL. Mechanisms and models in heart failure: A combinatorial approach. Circulation. 1999 Aug 31;100(9):999-1008. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.100.9.999. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 10212363Palatini P, Frigo G, Bertolo O, Roman E, Da Corta R, Winnicki M. Validation of the A&D TM-2430 device for ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and evaluation of performance according to subjects' characteristics. Blood Press Monit. 1998 Aug;3(4):255-260.
- Background: PubMed 19401068Sivaneswaran S. The oral health of adults in NSW, 2004-06. N S W Public Health Bull. 2009 Mar-Apr;20(3-4):46-51. doi: 10.1071/NB08066.
- Background: PubMed 14158464SILNESS J, LOE H. PERIODONTAL DISEASE IN PREGNANCY. II. CORRELATION BETWEEN ORAL HYGIENE AND PERIODONTAL CONDTION. Acta Odontol Scand. 1964 Feb;22:121-35. doi: 10.3109/00016356408993968. No abstract available.
- Results publication: PubMed 10488571[Guidelines of the Brazilian Cardiology Society to the diagnosis and treatment of heart failure]. Arq Bras Cardiol. 1999 Feb;72 Suppl 1:1-30. No abstract available. Portuguese.
- Results publication: PubMed 16160202Hunt SA, Abraham WT, Chin MH, Feldman AM, Francis GS, Ganiats TG, Jessup M, Konstam MA, Mancini DM, Michl K, Oates JA, Rahko PS, Silver MA, Stevenson LW, Yancy CW, Antman EM, Smith SC Jr, Adams CD, Anderson JL, Faxon DP, Fuster V, Halperin JL, Hiratzka LF, Jacobs AK, Nishimura R, Ornato JP, Page RL, Riegel B; American College of Cardiology; American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines; American College of Chest Physicians; International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation; Heart Rhythm Society. ACC/AHA 2005 Guideline Update for the Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Heart Failure in the Adult: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Update the 2001 Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Heart Failure): developed in collaboration with the American College of Chest Physicians and the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society. Circulation. 2005 Sep 20;112(12):e154-235. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.167586. Epub 2005 Sep 13. No abstract available.
- Results publication: PubMed 11738322Hunt SA, Baker DW, Chin MH, Cinquegrani MP, Feldman AM, Francis GS, Ganiats TG, Goldstein S, Gregoratos G, Jessup ML, Noble RJ, Packer M, Silver MA, Stevenson LW, Gibbons RJ, Antman EM, Alpert JS, Faxon DP, Fuster V, Jacobs AK, Hiratzka LF, Russell RO, Smith SC Jr; American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association. ACC/AHA guidelines for the evaluation and management of chronic heart failure in the adult: executive summary. A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee to revise the 1995 Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Heart Failure). J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001 Dec;38(7):2101-13. doi: 10.1016/s0735-1097(01)01683-7. No abstract available.
- Results publication: PubMed 3009759Hempenstall PD, Campbell JP, Bajurnow AT, Reade PC, McGrath B, Harrison LC. Cardiovascular, biochemical, and hormonal responses to intravenous sedation with local analgesia versus general anesthesia in patients undergoing oral surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1986 Jun;44(6):441-6. doi: 10.1016/s0278-2391(86)80008-8.
- Results publication: PubMed 8666460Brand HS, Gortzak RA, Abraham-Inpijn L. Anxiety and heart rate correlation prior to dental checkup. Int Dent J. 1995 Dec;45(6):347-51.
- Results publication: PubMed 2945853Hasse AL, Heng MK, Garrett NR. Blood pressure and electrocardiographic response to dental treatment with use of local anesthesia. J Am Dent Assoc. 1986 Oct;113(4):639-42. doi: 10.14219/jada.archive.1986.0245.
- Results publication: PubMed 19893562Hill CM, Mostafa P, Stuart AG, Thomas DW, Walker RV. ECG variations in patients pre- and post-local anaesthesia and analgesia. Br Dent J. 2009 Dec 19;207(12):E23. doi: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2009.978. Epub 2009 Nov 6.
- Results publication: PubMed 17589629Neves RS, Neves IL, Giorgi DM, Grupi CJ, Cesar LA, Hueb W, Grinberg M. Effects of epinephrine in local dental anesthesia in patients with coronary artery disease. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2007 May;88(5):545-51. doi: 10.1590/s0066-782x2007000500008. English, Portuguese.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Itamara LI Neves, PhD principal investigator
Instituto do Coração do HCFMUSP
Edimar A Bocchi, Habilitation study director
Heart Institute of Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo
Ricardo S Neves, PhD study chair
Instituto do Coração do HCFMUSP
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Lidocaine with epinephrine in people with Heart Failure, run by University of Sao Paulo General Hospital at 1 site in Brazil.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 10 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: status not confirmed, as of the sponsor's last update on 19 Oct 2015. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Brazil. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Results are not available in the source record.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Itamara LI Neves, PhD (55-11-26615229, itamara@incor.usp.br), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Heart rate (bpm) (time frame: 24 hours). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT02228083, which also lists 17 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 19 Oct 2015.