StrokePhase 3NCT02239120
Dabigatran Etexilate for Secondary Stroke Prevention in Patients With Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source (RE-SPECT ESUS)
A Phase 3 study testing optional ASA as comedication and ASA 100 mg in people with Stroke and Secondary Prevention, run by Boehringer Ingelheim at 569 sites in 42 countries.
Trial summary
This trial will enroll approximately 6,000 patients with recent embolic stroke of unknown source (ESUS). Patients will be randomized to dabigatran or acetylsalicyclic acid (ASA) (1:1 ratio) and have visits every three months. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 150 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Stroke, Secondary Prevention
- What is being tested?
- optional ASA as comedication and ASA 100 mg
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 5,390 participants
- Where
- 569 sitesin 42 countries
- Study dates
- 27 Nov 2014to 14 Aug 2018
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 150 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Ischemic stroke with a brain lesion visualized by neuroimaging (either brain Computed Tomography (CT) or Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI)). The visualized stroke is a non-lacunar infarct , e.g. involving the cortex or >1.5 cm (>2.0 cm if measured on MRI diffusion-weighted images) in largest diameter if exclusively subcortical.Visualization by CT usually requires delayed imaging >24-48 hours after stroke onset.
- The index stroke must have occurred either up to 3 months before randomization (Modified Rankin Scale(mRS) <=3 at randomization) or up to 6 months before randomization (mRS <=3 at randomization) in selected patients that are >= 60 years plus at least one additional risk factor for recurrent stroke.
- Arterial imaging or cervical plus Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography does not show extra-cranial or intracranial atherosclerosis with >= 50% luminal stenosis in artery supplying the area of acute ischemia.
- As evidenced by cardiac monitoring for >= 20 hours with automated rhythm detection, there is absence of AF > 6 minutes in duration (within a 20 hour period, either as single episode or cumulative time of multiple episodes).
- Further inclusion criteria apply.
Who cannot join
- Modified Rankin Scale of >=4 at time of randomization or inability to swallow medications.
- Major risk cardioembolic source of embolism such as: a) intracardiac thrombus as evidenced by transthoracic or transesophageal echocardiography, b) paroxysmal, persistent or permanent Atrial fibrillation (AF), c) atrial flutter, d) prosthetic cardiac valve (mitral or aortic, bioprosthetic or mechanical), e) atrial myxoma, f) other cardiac tumors, g) moderate or severe mitral stenosis, h) recent (< 4weeks) myocardial infarction, i) valvular vegetations, or j) infective endocarditis.
- Any indication that requires treatment with an anticoagulant as per Investigator's judgment.
- History of atrial fibrillation (unless it was due to reversible causes such as hyperthyroidism or binge drinking, and has been permanently resolved).
- Other specific stroke etiology (i.e. cerebral arteritis or arterial dissection, migraine with aura/vasospasm, drug abuse).
- Renal impairment with estimated creatinine clearance (as calculated by Cockcroft-Gault equation) <30mL/min at screening, or where Investigator expects creatinine clearance is likely to drop below 30mL/min during the course of the study.
- Further exclusion criteria apply.
Trial locations and contacts
569 sites in 42 countries.
569 sites in 42 countries
United States110 sites
Alexandria Cardiology Clinic
Alexandria, Louisiana, 71301
Community Clinical Research Center
Anderson, Indiana, 46011
Anne Arundel Medical Center
Annapolis, Maryland, 21401
Northwest Heart Clinical Research, LLC
Arlington Heights, Illinois, 60005
JEM Research Institute
Atlantis, Florida, 33462
Augusta University
Augusta, Georgia, 30912
University of Colorado Denver
Aurora, Colorado, 80045
Seton Medical Center Austin
Austin, Texas, 78705
Johns Hopkins Hospital
Baltimore, Maryland, 21287
Westside Medical Associates of Los Angeles
Beverly Hills, California, 90211
Boca Raton Regional Hospital
Boca Raton, Florida, 33486
Saint Alphonsus Medical Center-Neurology
Boise, Idaho, 83704
Massachusetts General Hospital
Boston, Massachusetts, 02114
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Boston, Massachusetts, 02215
Tenet Florida Physician Services
Boynton Beach, Florida, 33472
Nova Clinical Research, LLC
Bradenton, Florida, 34209
NYC Health + Hospitals/Coney Island
Brooklyn, New York, 11235
University of Vermont
Burlington, Vermont, 05401
Novant Health Neurology Specialists
Charlotte, North Carolina, 28207
Northwestern University
Chicago, Illinois, 60611
Rush University Medical Center
Chicago, Illinois, 60612
University of Chicago
Chicago, Illinois, 60637
Boone Hospital Center
Columbia, Missouri, 65201
University of Missouri Health System
Columbia, Missouri, 65201
The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center
Columbus, Ohio, 43210
New York Presbyterian Hudson Valley Hospital
Cortlandt Manor, New York, 10567
Broward Health North
Deerfield Beach, Florida, 33064
Ruan Neurology Clinic and Research Center
Des Moines, Iowa, 50314
Henry Ford Health System
Detroit, Michigan, 48202
The Duluth Clinic dba Essentia Health Duluth Clinic
Duluth, Minnesota, 55805
Duke Clinic 1L
Durham, North Carolina, 27710
TriWest Research Associates, LLC
El Cajon, California, 92020
Colorado Neurological Institute
Englewood, Colorado, 80113
Medicoricium, LLC
Fairview Heights, Illinois, 62208
SSM Health St. Clare Hospital
Fenton, Missouri, 63026
McLaren Flint
Flint, Michigan, 48532
University of Colorado Denver
Fort Collins, Colorado, 80528
University of California
Fresno, California, 93721
Holzer Clinic LLC
Gallipolis, Ohio, 45631
Glendale Adventist Medical Center
Glendale, California, 91206
Altru Health System
Grand Forks, North Dakota, 58201
St. Mary's Hospital and Regional Medical Center
Grand Junction, Colorado, 81501
Mercy Health Saint Mary's
Grand Rapids, Michigan, 49503
Spectrum Health Medical Center
Grand Rapids, Michigan, 49503
Aurora BayCare Medical Center
Green Bay, Wisconsin, 54311
Cone Health System
Greensboro, North Carolina, 27401
Greenville Memorial Hospital
Greenville, South Carolina, 29605
Hartford Hospital
Hartford, Connecticut, 06102
Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center
Hershey, Pennsylvania, 17033
Center for Advanced Research Excellence
Hialeah, Florida, 33016
Novant Health Neurology Hickory
Hickory, North Carolina, 28602
The Queen's Medical Center
Honolulu, Hawaii, 96813
Houston Methodist Hospital
Houston, Texas, 77030
Marshall University
Huntington, West Virginia, 25701
Jackson Heart Clinic, P.A.
Jackson, Mississippi, 39216
UHS Wilson Medical Center,Office of Clin Trials
Johnson City, New York, 13790
Saint Luke's Hospital of Kansas City
Kansas City, Missouri, 64111
Sparrow Clinical Research Institute
Lansing, Michigan, 48912
Associates in Neurology, PSC
Lexington, Kentucky, 40513
Collaborative Neuroscience Network, LLC (CNS)
Long Beach, California, 90806
Kaiser Permanente Los Angeles Medical Center
Los Angeles, California, 90027
University of California Los Angeles
Los Angeles, California, 90095
University of Louisville
Louisville, Kentucky, 40202
Bhupesh Dihenia, M.D.,P.A.
Lubbock, Texas, 79410
University of Wisconsin
Madison, Wisconsin, 53792
North Shore University Hospital
Manhasset, New York, 11030
WellStar Medical Group - Neurosurgery
Marietta, Georgia, 30060
Culicchia Neurological Clinic
Marrero, Louisiana, 70072
Methodist University Hospital
Memphis, Tennessee, 38105
Bruce W. Carter, Miami VA Healthcare System
Miami, Florida, 33125
University of Miami
Miami, Florida, 33136
Winthrop University Hospital
Mineola, New York, 11501
Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Radiology Department
Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55407
Centennial Heart Cardiovascular Consultants, LLC
Nashville, Tennessee, 37203
Saint Thomas Health
Nashville, Tennessee, 37205
Tulane University Hospital and Clinic
New Orleans, Louisiana, 70112
Ochsner Medical Center
New Orleans, Louisiana, 70121
Mount Sinai Beth Israel
New York, New York, 10003
Newton-Wellesley Hospital
Newton, Massachusetts, 02462
The Nebraska Medical Center
Omaha, Nebraska, 68198
Bay Neurological Institute
Panama City, Florida, 32405
Huntington Hospital
Pasadena, California, 91105
OSF Saint Francis Medical Center
Peoria, Illinois, 61637
Thomas Jefferson University
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19107
Temple University Hospital
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19140
Bronislava Shafran, MD PC
Phoenix, Arizona, 85006
St. Joseph Mercy Oakland
Pontiac, Michigan, 48341
Oregon Health and Sciences University
Portland, Oregon, 97239
Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System
Portland, Oregon, 97239
Rhode Island Hospital
Providence, Rhode Island, 02903
Quincy Physicians and Surgeons Clinic, S.C.
Quincy, Illinois, 62301
Renown Institute for Neurosciences
Reno, Nevada, 89502
Virginia Commonwealth University
Richmond, Virginia, 23298
Carilion Riverside
Roanoke, Virginia, 24016
HealthPartners Neuroscience Center
Saint Paul, Minnesota, 55130
University of California
San Diego, California, 92103
University of California
San Francisco, California, 94143
Virginia Mason Medical Center
Seattle, Washington, 98101
Swedish Neuroscience Institute
Seattle, Washington, 98122
Southern Illinois University School of Medicine
Springfield, Illinois, 62702
Sacred Heart Medical Center at RiverBend
Springfield, Oregon, 97477
Saint Louis University
St Louis, Missouri, 63104
St. Louis Heart and Vascular, P.C.
St Louis, Missouri, 63136
Carol L Pappas, MD PhD PA
St. Petersburg, Florida, 33713
University of South Florida
Tampa, Florida, 33606
Vero Beach Neurology and Research Institute
Vero Beach, Florida, 32960
Palm Beach Neuroscience Institute
West Palm Beach, Florida, 33409
Abington Neurological Associates
Willow Grove, Pennsylvania, 19090
Wake Forest University Health Sciences
Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27157
Advanced Neurology Associates
Youngstown, Ohio, 44504
Germany69 sites
Klinikum Altenburger Land GmbH
Altenburg, 04600
Neurologische Klinik GmbH, Bad Neustadt
Bad Neustadt an der Saale, 97616
Vivantes Netzwerk für Gesundheit GmbH
Berlin, 12351
Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel gGmbH
Bielefeld, 33611
Berufsgenossenschaftliches Universitätsklinikum Bergmannsheil gGmbH
Bochum, 44789
St. Josef- und St. Elisabeth-Hospital gGmbH
Bochum, 44791
Gesundheit Nord gGmbH | Klinikverbund Bremen
Bremen, 28177
Klinikum Bremerhaven
Bremen, 28755
Krankenhäuser Buchholz und Winsen gGmbH
Buchholz, 21244
Allgemeines Krankenhaus, Celle
Celle, 29223
Klinikum Chemnitz gGmbH
Chemnitz, 09131
Klinikum Coburg gGmbH
Coburg, 96450
Universitätsklinikum Köln (AöR)
Cologne, 50937
Klinikzentrum Mitte, Dortmund
Dortmund, 44137
Städtisches Klinikum Dresden
Dresden, 01067
Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus Dresden
Dresden, 01307
Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf
Düsseldorf, 40225
Marien-Hospital, Düsseldorf
Düsseldorf, 40479
Universitätsklinikum Erlangen
Erlangen, 91054
Alfried Krupp Krankenhaus Essen
Essen, 45131
Universitätsklinikum Essen AöR
Essen, 45147
Klinikum Frankfurt Höchst GmbH
Frankfurt, 65929
Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt
Frankfurt am Main, 60528
Klinikum Friedrichshafen
Friedrichshafen, 88048
Klinikum Fulda gAG
Fulda, 36043
Evangelische Klinik Gelsenkirchen
Gelsenkirchen, 45879
SRH Wald-Klinikum Gera GmbH
Gera, 07548
Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg GmbH
Giessen, 35385
Universitätsmedizin Greifswald
Greifswald, 17475
Bezirkskrankenhaus, Günzburg
Günzburg, 89312
Asklepios Klinik St. Georg
Hamburg, 20099
Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf
Hamburg, 20246
Asklepios Klinik Harburg
Hamburg, 21075
Asklepios Klinik Wandsbek
Hamburg, 22043
Asklepios Klinik Barmbek
Hamburg, 22291
Asklepios Klinik Altona
Hamburg, 22763
Klinikum Hanau GmbH
Hanau, 63450
Medizinische Hochschule Hannover
Hanover, 30625
Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg
Heidelberg, 69120
SLK-Kliniken Heilbronn GmbH
Heilbronn, 74078
Klinikum Idar-Oberstein
Idar-Oberstein, 55743
Universitätsklinikum Jena
Jena, 07747
Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel
Kiel, 24105
Universitätsklinikum Leipzig
Leipzig, 04103
Klinikum der Stadt Ludwigshafen am Rhein gGmbH
Ludwigshafen, 67063
Universitätsklinikum Magdeburg AöR
Magdeburg, 39120
Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
Mainz, 55131
Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg GmbH
Marburg, 35043
Elblandklinikum Meißen
Meißen, 01662
Johannes Wesling Klinikum
Minden, 32429
Kliniken Maria Hilf GmbH
Mönchengladbach, 41063
Ökumenisches Hainich Klinikum gGmbH
Mühlhausen, 99974
Klinikum der Universität München - Campus Großhadern
München, 81377
Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München
München, 81675
Universitätsklinikum Münster
Münster, 48129
Klinikum Nürnberg
Nuremberg, 90471
Sana Klinikum Offenbach GmbH
Offenbach, 63069
Klinikum Osnabrück GmbH
Osnabrück, 49076
Universitätsklinikum Regensburg
Regensburg, 93053
Nordwest-Krankenhaus Sanderbusch gGmbH
Sande, 26452
Kreisklinikum Siegen GmbH
Siegen, 57076
Bürgerhospital, Stuttgart
Stuttgart, 70174
Nervenklinik Teupitz, Teupitz
Teupitz, 15755
Krankenhaus der Barmherzigen Brüder Trier
Trier, 54292
Universitätsklinikum Tübingen
Tübingen, 72076
RKU - Universitäts- und Rehabilitationskliniken Ulm gGmbH
Ulm, 89081
Sophien- und Hufeland-Klinikum gGmbH
Weimar, 99425
Helios Dr. Horst Schmidt Kliniken Wiesbaden
Wiesbaden, 65199
Universitätsklinikum Würzburg
Würzburg, 97080
Japan63 sites
Chubu Rosai Hospital
Aichi, Nagoya, 455-8530
National Hospital Organization Toyohashi Medical Center
Aichi, Toyohashi, 440-8510
Toyota Memorial Hospital
Aichi, Toyota, 471-8513
Reserch Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels Akita
Akita, Akita, 010-0874
Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital
Chiba, Urayasu, 279-0021
Go Neurosurgical Clinic
Fukuoka, Chikushi-gun, 811-1244
Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital
Fukuoka, Chikushino, 818-8502
National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center
Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 810-8563
Fukuoka Wajiro Hospital
Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 811-0213
Fukuoka University Hospital
Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 814-0180
Fukuoka Tokushukai Medical Center
Fukuoka, Kasuga, 816-0864
Steel Memorial Yawata Hospital
Fukuoka, Kitakyushu, 805-0050
Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyushu Hospital
Fukuoka, Kitakyushu, 806-8501
St. Mary's Hospital
Fukuoka, Kurume, 830-8543
Shin Koga Hospital
Fukuoka, Kurume, 830-8577
Fukuoka Shin Mizumaki Hospital
Fukuoka, Onga, 807-0051
Social Insurance Tagawa Hospital
Fukuoka, Tagawa, 826-8585
Shin Yukuhashi Hospital
Fukuoka, Yukuhashi, 824-0026
Fujita General Hospital
Fukushima, Date-Gun, 969-1793
Shinseikai Masu Memorial Hospital
Fukushima, Nihonmatsu, 964-0867
Asahi University Hospital
Gifu, Gifu, 500-8523
Japanese Red Cross Takayama Hospital
Gifu, Takayama, 506-8550
Mihara Memorial Hospital
Gunma, Isesaki, 372-0006
Maebashi Red Cross Hospital
Gunma, Maebashi, 371-0014
Medical corporation Suiseikai Suiseikai Kajikawa Hospital
Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 730-0046
Araki Neurosurgical Hospital
Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 733-0821
Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital
Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 734-8530
Sapporo Shiroishi Memorial Hospital
Hokkaido, Sapporo, 003-0026
Nakamura Memorial Hospital
Hokkaido, Sapporo, 060-8570
Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital
Hyogo, Kobe, 650-0047
JA Toride Medical Center
Ibaraki, Toride, 302-0022
Tsukuba Medical Center Hospital
Ibaraki, Tsukuba, 305-8558
Iwate Medical University Hospital
Iwate, Morioka, 020-8505
Kagoshima City Hospital
Kagoshima, Kagoshima, 890-8760
National Hospital Organization Kagoshima Medical Center
Kagoshima, Kagoshima, 892-0853
Shonan Kamakura General Hospital
Kanagawa, Kamakura, 247-8533
Saiseikai Kumamoto Hospital
Kumamoto, Kumamoto, 861-4193
Japanese Red Cross Kumamoto Hospital
Kumamoto, Kumamoto, 861-8520
Kumamoto City Hospital
Kumamoto, Kumamoto, 862-8505
Uji-Tokushukai Medical Center
Kyoto, Uji, 611-0042
National Hospital Organization Sendai Medical Center
Miyagi, Sendai, 983-8520
South Miyagi Medical Center
Miyagi, Shibata-gun, 989-1253
Ina Central Hospital
Nagano, Ina, 396-8555
Nagano Municipal Hospital
Nagano, Naganoi, 381-8551
Nagasaki University Hospital
Nagasaki, Nagasaki, 852-8501
Nozaki Tokushukai Hospital
Osaka, Daito, 574-0074
Higashiosaka City Medical Center
Osaka, Higashiosaka, 578-8588
Wakakusa Daiichi Hospital
Osaka, Higashiosaka, 579-8056
Rinku General Medical Center
Osaka, Izumisano, 598-8577
Kishiwada Tokushukai Hospital
Osaka, Kishiwada, 596-0042
Yagi Neurosurgical Hospital
Osaka, Osaka, 537-0011
Tominaga Hospital
Osaka, Osaka, 556-0017
Osaka University Hospital
Osaka, Suita, 565-0871
TMG Asaka Medical Center
Saitama, Asaka, 351-0023
Saitama Medical University International Medical Center
Saitama, Hidaka, 350-1298
Sainokuni Higashiomiya Medical Center
Saitama, Saitama, 331-8577
Saitama Municipal Hospital
Saitama, Saitama, 336-8522
Nippon Medical School Hospital
Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8603
Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital
Tokyo, Itabashi-ku, 173-0015
Kyorin University Hospital
Tokyo, Mitaka, 181-8611
Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital
Tokyo, Shinjuku-ku, 162-8666
Saiseikai Wakayama Hospital
Wakayama, Wakayama, 640-8158
Yamagata City Hospital SAISEIKAN
Yamagata, Yamagata, 990-8533
Italy23 sites
Osp. SS Filippo Nicola
Avezzano, 67051
Policlinico S. Orsola Malpighi
Bologna, 40138
A.O. Spedali Civili di Brescia
Brescia, 25123
Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Ferrara
Cona (FE), 44124
Policlinico San Martino
Genova, 16132
A.O.U.Policlinico G.Martino
Messina, 98125
Fondazione Centro San Raffaele del Monte Tabor
Milan, 20132
Istituto Auxologico Italiano
Milan, 20149
Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino-Estense
Modena, 41126
Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Padova
Padova, 35128
Ospedale S.Maria della Misericordia, AO di Perugia
Perugia, 06156
Osp. Guglielmo da Saliceto AUSL di Piacenza
Piacenza, 29121
Ospedale Santa Corona Azienda Sanitaria Locale n.2 Savonese
Pietra Ligure, 17027
Università degli Studi Campus Bio-Medico
Roma, 00128
A.O. San Camillo Forlanini
Roma, 00152
Umberto I Pol. di Roma-Università di Roma La Sapienza
Roma, 00161
Azienda Ospedaliera Sant'Andrea-Università di Roma La Sapienza
Roma, 00189
A.O.U. Senese Policlinico Santa Maria alle Scotte
Siena, 53100
Ospedale Molinette, AO Città della Salute e della
Torino, 10126
Ospedale Maria Vittoria
Torino, 10144
Ospedale S. Maria di Ca' Foncello Azienda ULSS9 TREVISO
Treviso, 31100
A. O. Ospedale Circolo Fond. Macchi
Varese, 21100
Ospedale Policlinico G.B. Rossi (Borgo Roma) di Verona
Verona, 37126
China22 sites
Beijing Tiantan Hospital affiliated to Cap Med University
Beijing, 100050
Peking University Third Hospital
Beijing, 100191
First Hospital of Jilin University
Changchun, 130021
First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University
Guangzhou, 510000
First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of TCM
Guangzhou, 510000
The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University
Guangzhou, 510630
The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University
Guiyang, 550000
2nd Affiliated Hosp Zhejiang University College of Medical
Hangzhou, 310009
Zhejiang Hospital
Hangzhou, 310013
The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University
Hangzhou, 310015
Zhejiang University School of Medicine SIR RUN RUN SHAW Hospital
Hangzhou, 310016
Jinlin Central Hospital
Jilin City, 132602
The Second Affiliated Hospital to Nanchang University
Nanchang, 330006
Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital
Nanjing, 210008
Zhongda Hospital Southeast University
Nanjing, 210009
QingDao Municipal Hospital
Qingdao, 266071
The affiliated hospital of medicalcollege qingdao university
Qingdao, 266555
Huashan Hospital, Fudan University
Shanghai, 200040
Tongji Hospital, Tongji University
Shanghai, 200065
General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region
Shenyang, 110016
First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University
Xiamen, 361003
Affiliated Hospital, Xuzhou Medical college
Xuzhou, 221002
Spain20 sites
Hospital General Universitario de Albacete
Albacete, 02006
Hospital del Mar
Barcelona, 08003
Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau
Barcelona, 08025
Hospital Vall d'Hebron
Barcelona, 08035
Hospital Universitario Donostia
Donostia / San Sebastian, 20014
Hospital Universitari de Girona Doctor Josep Trueta
Girona, 17007
Hospital Arnau de Vilanova
Lleida, 25198
Hospital La Princesa
Madrid, 28006
Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón
Madrid, 28007
Hospital Ramón y Cajal
Madrid, 28034
Hospital Clínico San Carlos
Madrid, 28040
Hospital La Paz
Madrid, 28046
Hospital Son Espases
Palma de Mallorca, 07010
Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra
Pamplona, 31008
Hospital Clínico de Santiago
Santiago de Compostela, 15706
Hospital Virgen del Rocío
Seville, 41013
Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII
Tarragona, 43005
Hospital Mútua Terrassa
Tarrasa (Barcelona), 08221
Hospital Clínico de Valencia
Valencia, 46010
Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid
Valladolid, 47005
Canada17 sites
Prairie Mountain Health
Brandon, Manitoba, R7A 2B3
Foothills Medical Centre
Calgary, Alberta, T2N 2T9
CSSS de Chicoutimi
Chicoutimi, Quebec, G7H 5H6
University of Alberta Hospital (University of Alberta)
Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2B7
Grey Nuns Hospital
Edmonton, Alberta, T6L 5X8
Hopital Charles - LeMoyne
Greenfield Park, Quebec, J4V 2H1
Victoria Hospital (LHSC)
London, Ontario, N6A 5A5
Hopital Notre-Dame du CHUM
Montreal, Migration Data, H2L 4M1
Jewish General Hospital
Montreal, Migration Data, H3T 1E2
Montreal General Hospital - McGill University Health Centre
Montreal, Quebec, H3G 1A4
CHU de Quebec-Universite Laval Research Centre
Québec, G1J 1Z4
Saint John Regional Hospital
Saint John, New Brunswick, E2L 4L2
St Jerome Medical Research Inc.
Saint-Jérôme, Quebec, J7Z 5T3
CHUS Fleurimont
Sherbrooke, Quebec, J1H 5N4
Eastern Health (MUN)
St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, A1B 3V6
St. Michael's Hospital
Toronto, Ontario, M5C 1R6
Toronto Western Hospital
Toronto, Ontario, M5T 2S8
South Korea17 sites
Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital
Anyang, 431-070
Dong-A University Hospital
Busan, 602-715
Kyungpook National Univ. Hosp
Daegu, 700-721
Chungnam National University Hospital
Daejoen, 35015
Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital
Goyang, 411-706
Chonnam National University Hospital
Gwangju, 501-757
Chosun University Hospital
Gwangju, 61453
Seoul National University Bundang Hospital
Seongnam, 463-707
Severance Hospital
Seoul, 03722
Asan Medical Center
Seoul, 05505
The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St.Mary's Hospital
Seoul, 06591
Chung-Ang University Hospital
Seoul, 06973
Korea University Guro Hospital
Seoul, 08308
Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital
Seoul, 134-701
Samsung Medical Center
Seoul, 135-710
SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center
Seoul, 156-707
Ajou University Hospital
Suwon, 443-380
Belgium15 sites
Aalst - HOSP Onze-Lieve-Vrouw
Aalst, 9300
Arlon - HOSP Sud Luxembourg - Vivalia
Arlon, 6700
AZ Sint-Jan Brugge
Bruges, 3000
Brussels-UNIV Brugmann -Horta
Brussels, 1020
Brussels - HOSP Europe (Ste-Elisabeth)
Brussels, 1180
Brussels - UNIV Saint-Luc
Brussels, 1200
UNIV UZ Gent
Ghent, 9000
Kortrijk - HOSP AZ Groeninge Kennedylaan
Kortrijk, 8500
UZ Leuven
Leuven, 3000
Liège - HOSP St-Joseph
Liège, 4000
Roeselare - HOSP AZ Delta
Roeselare, 8800
Rumst - HOSP AZ Heilige Familie
Rumst, 2840
Sint-Truiden - HOSP St-Trudo (St-Jozef)
Sint-Truiden, 3800
Wilrijk - HOSP GZA (St-Augustinus)
Wilrijk, 2610
Yvoir - UNIV UCL de Mont-Godinne
Yvoir, 5530
Turkey (Türkiye)14 sites
Ankara Universitesi Tip Fakultesi
Ankara, 06100
Hacettepe Universitesi Tip Fakultesi Noroloji A.B.D.
Ankara, 06100
Gazi Universitesi Tip Fakultesi
Ankara, 06500
Eskisehir Osmangazi Universitesi Tip Fakultesi
Eskişehir, 26480
Bezmialem Vakif Universitesi Tip Fakultesi Hastanesi
Istanbul, 34093
Istanbul Universitesi Istanbul Tip Fakultesi Noroloji A.B.D.
Istanbul, 34093
Istanbul Universitesi Cerrahpasa Tip Fakultesi
Istanbul, 34098
Bakirkoy Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Ruh Sagligi ve Sinir Hastaliklari
Istanbul, 34147
Bakırkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Egitim Ve Arastirma Hastanesi
Istanbul, 34147
Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Egitim ve Arastirma Hastanesi
Istanbul, 34371
Marmara Universitesi Pendik Egitim ve Arastirma Hastanesi
Istanbul, 34890
Dokuz Eylul Universitesi Tip Fakultesi Noroloji A.B.D.
Izmir, 35340
Ondokuz Mayis Universitesi Tip Fakultesi
Samsun, 55139
Namik Kemal Universitesi Tip Fakultesi
Tekirdağ, 59100
Australia13 sites
Royal Adelaide Hospital
Adelaide, South Australia, 5000
Calvary North Adelaide Hospital
Adelaide, South Australia, 5001
Sunshine Coast University Hospital
Birtinya, Queensland, 4575
Box Hill Hospital
Box Hill, Victoria, 3128
Royal Prince Alfred Hospital
Camperdown, New South Wales, 2050
St Vincent's Hospital Sydney
Darlinghurst, New South Wales, 2010
Austin Health
Heidelberg, Victoria, 3084
Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital
Herston, Queensland, 4029
Kanwal Medical Complex
Kanwal, New South Wales, 2259
John Hunter Hospital
New Lambton, New South Wales, 2305
Royal Melbourne Hospital
Parkville, Victoria, 3050
Royal North Shore Hospital
St Leonards, New South Wales, 2038
Alfred Health
Victoria, Victoria, 3004
France13 sites
HOP Pays d'Aix
Aix-en-Provence, 13616
HOP de Bayonne
Bayonne, 64109
HOP Jean Minjoz
Besançon, 25030
HOP Pellegrin
Bordeaux, 33076
HOP de la Cavale Blanche
Brest, 29609
HOP Pierre Wertheimer
Bron, 69677
HOP Côte de Nacre
Caen, 14033
HOP Grenoble, Neuro, Grenoble
Grenoble, 38043
HOP Roger Salengro
Lille, 59037
HOP Mercy
Metz, 57085
HOP Paris Saint-Joseph
Paris, 75014
GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences
Paris, 75674
HOP Purpan
Toulouse, 31059
Russia13 sites
Interreg. Clinical & Diagnostic Center, Neurol. Dept., Kazan
Kazan', 420101
Reg.Clin.Hosp#1 na S.V.Ochapovskiy,Neurology#1 Dep,Krasnodar
Krasnodar, 350086
City Clin.Emergency Hosp of Kursk, Neurology Department No.2
Kursk, 305035
Clin.Hosp#2,na.Semashko,Russ.Railways,Restorative Med&Rehab.
Moscow, 107150
CityClin.Hosp na I.V.Davydovsky of Dept of Healthcare Moscow
Moscow, 109240
Research&Clini Cent Neuropsychiatry Dep. Healthcare,Moscow
Moscow, 115419
City Clin.Hosp#1na N.I.Pirogov,Dept of Healthcare of Moscow
Moscow, 117049
Ltd liabilityCom.CityNeurologic Cntr Sibneiromed,Novosibirsk
Novosibirsk, 630091
Research Inst. of Emerg. Med., Vascul. Center,St. Petersburg
Saint Petersburg, 192242
Military Medical Academy n.a. C. M. Kirov, St. Petersburg
Saint Petersburg, 194044
Saratov State Med.Univ na V.I.Razumovsky,FacultyTherapy Clin
Saratov, 410054
Reg.State Instit.of Healthc.Smolensk Reg.Clin.Hosp,Neurology
Smolensk, 214018
Sverdlovsk Reg.Clin.Hosp.No.1
Yekaterinburg, 620102
Taiwan13 sites
Chang-Hua Christian Hospital
Changhua, 500
Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
Kaohsiung City, 83301
Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital
Kaohsiung City, 8807
China Medical University Hospital
Taichung, 404
Taichung Veterans General Hospital
Taichung, 40750
NCKUH
Tainan, 704
Chi Mei Medical Center
Tainan, 71004
National Taiwan University Hospital
Taipei, 100
Mackay Memorial Hospital
Taipei, 10449
Cheng Hsin General Hospital
Taipei, 112
Taipe Veterans General Hospital
Taipei, 112
Tri-Service General Hospital
Taipei, 11490
Chang Gung Memorial Hospital(TaoYuan)
Taoyuan, 330
Portugal12 sites
Hospital Garcia de Orta, EPE
Almada, 2801-951
Hospital Fernando Fonseca, EPE
Amadora, 2720-276
Hospital de Braga - Centro Clínico Académico (2CA)
Braga, 4710-243
CHUC - Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, EPE
Coimbra, 3004-561
CHLC, EPE - Hospital de São José
Lisbon, 1150-199
CHLO, EPE - Hospital Egas Moniz
Lisbon, 1349-019
CHULN, EPE - Hospital de Santa Maria
Lisbon, 1649-035
Hospital Beatriz Ângelo
Loures, 2674-514
USLM, EPE - Hospital Pedro Hispano
Matosinhos Municipality, 4454-509
H. Santo António - Centro Hospitalar do Porto
Porto, 4099-001
Centro Hospitalar São João,EPE
Porto, 4202-451
Centro Hospitalar de Entre o Douro e Vouga, E.P.E. - Hospital de São Sebastião
Santa Maria da Feira, 4520-211
India11 sites
St. Johns medical College and Hospital
Bangalore, 560034
Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research
Chandigarh, 160012
Lalitha Super Specialities Hospital
Guntur, 522001
Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences
Hyderabad, 500082
Shree Krishna Hospital and Research Centre
Karamsad, 388325
Caritas Hospital
Kottayam, 686016
Mangala Hospital and Mangala Kidney Foundation
Mangalore, 575003
LTMMC & GH Medical College,
Mumbai, 400022
Magnum Heart Institute
Nashik, 422005
All India Institute of Medical Sciences
New Delhi, 110029
Sahyadri Speciality Hospital
Pune, 411004
Poland10 sites
PI HOUSE Sp. z o.o., Gdansk
Gdansk, 80546
Spec.Hosp.of Dr. Wladyslaw Bieganski in Grudziadz
Grudziądz, 86300
Univ.Clin.Centr Gibinski of Silesian Med,Neurol.dep,Katowice
Katowice, 40514
University Hospital in Krakow
Krakow, 31503
Center of Clinical Neurology, private prac, Krakow
Krakow, 31505
Clin.Research Center,Leszek Szczepanski,Private Prac.,Lublin
Lublin, 20022
Medicome Sp. z o.o.
Oświęcim, 32-600
Specialist Holy Spirit Hospital, Neurology Dept,Sandomierz
Sandomierz, 27600
Public Central Clinical Hosp,Neurology Clinic,Warsaw
Warsaw, 02097
Military Institute of Medicine Neurology Clinic, Warsaw
Warsaw, 04 141
Austria8 sites
LKH-Univ. Hospital Graz
Graz, 8036
Medical University of Innsbruck
Innsbruck, 6020
Kepler Univ. Klinikum Linz
Linz, 4020
Kepler Univ. Klinikum Linz
Linz, 4021
KH d. Barmherzigen Brüder Linz, Neurologie
Linz, 4021
Universitätsklinikum Tulln, Abteilung für Neurologie
Tulln, 3430
Hosp.Hietzing with Neuro.Centr Rosenhuegel,II Neuro.dep,Wien
Vienna, 1130
Wilhelminenspital
Vienna, 1160
Ukraine8 sites
Bukovinian Med.Univ.Chernivtsi Reg.Psychiatric Hosp,Neurolog
Chernivtsi, 58018
City Clinical Hospital No. 7, Kharkov
Kharkiv, 76000
Instit.of Neurol,Psychiatry&Narcol,Vascul. Malformations Dep
Kharkiv, 76000
Instit.of Gerontology na D.F.Chebotarev,Brain Vascular Path.
Kyiv, 4114
Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital, Lviv
Lviv, 79010
Ternopil State Med.Univ.na Gorbachevskiy,Neurology Dept N3
Ternopil, 46027
Vinnitsia Reg.Psychoneurol.Hosp.na Yushchenko,Dept.N3,Neurol
Vinnitsia, 21005
Zhytomyr Reg.ClinHosp na Gerbachevskiy RegCouncil,Neurol.Dep
Zhytomyr, 10002
Czechia7 sites
Cerebrovascular site, private prac., Brno
Brno, 60200
Hospital Jihlava
Jihlava, 58633
University Hospital Olomouc
Olomouc, 77900
Cerebrovascular site, Ostrava
Ostrava, 70300
Cerebrovascular site, Ostrava
Ostrava, 70800
University Hospital Motol
Prague, 150 06
Hospital Homolka, Prague
Prague, 15006
Greece7 sites
Univ.Hosp. of Alexandroupolis
Alexandroupoli, 68131
Gen.Hosp.of Ath.Evangelismos
Athens, 10676
Attikon University Hospital
Athens, 12462
Gen.Univ. Hosp. of Herakleion
Heraklion, 71306
General University Hospital of Larissa
Larissa, 41110
Univ. Gen. Hosp. of Patras
Pátrai, 26504
Univ.Gen.Hosp. of Thessaloniki
Thessaloniki, 54636
Switzerland7 sites
Canton Hospital Aarau, Neurology Dept., Stroke Center
Aarau, 5001
University Hospital Basel
Basel, 4031
Univ. Hospital Bern, Neurology Dept, Stroke Center
Bern, 3010
CHUV - Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois
Lausanne, 1011
Regional Hospital Lugano,Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland
Lugano, 6903
Kantonsspital St.Gallen
Sankt Gallen, 9007
University Hosp. Zürich, Dept. of Neurology, Stroke Center
Zurich, 8901
Argentina6 sites
STAT Research
CABA, C1023AAB
Fundación Favaloro
CABA, C1093AAS
Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires
CABA, C1199ABD
Instituto Médico DAMIC S.R.L.
Córdoba, X5003DCE
Clinica Coronel Suarez SA
Coronel Suárez, B7540DOL
Hospital Privado de Comunidad
Mar del Plata, B7600CBM
Brazil6 sites
Hospital Clinicas de Botucatu
Botucatu, 18618-000
Instituto de Medicina Flumignano
Curitiba, 80050-250
Clinica Neurologica e Neurocirurgica de Joinvile
Joinvile, 89202-165
Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre
Porto Alegre, 90035-903
H.C.da Fac. de Medicina de Ribeirao Preto
Ribeirão Preto, 14048-900
Hospital Quinta D¿Or
Rio de Janeiro
Hungary6 sites
Semmelweis University
Budapest, 1083
National Instit.of Neurosciences,Neurology Dept,Budapest
Budapest, 1145
Univ. Debrecen Medical Health Science Center, Neurology Dept
Debrecen, 4012
Pest Megyei Flor Ferenc Hospital
Kistarcsa, 2143
CRU Hungary Ltd, Private Practice, Miskolc
Miskolc, 3529
Univ. of Pecs Clinic for Neurology
Pécs, 7623
Sweden6 sites
Sahlgrenska US, Göteborg
Gothenburg, 413 45
Sahlgrenska Universitetssjukhuset, Östra
Gothenburg, 416 85
Skaraborgs Sjukhus
Skövde, 541 85
Karolinska Univ. sjukhuset
Stockholm, 141 86
Karolinska Univ. sjukhuset
Stockholm, 171 76
Danderyds Sjukhus
Stockholm, 182 88
Mexico5 sites
Hospital General de Culiacán "Dr. Bernardo J. Gastellum"
Culiacán, 80230
Hospital Angeles del Pedregal
México, D.F., 10700
Hospital General "Dr. Miguel Silva"
Morelia, 58000
Hospital Universitario Dr Jose Eleuterio Gonzalez
Nuevo León, 64460
H. Central Dr Ignacio M. P.
San Luis Potosí City, 78250
Colombia4 sites
Servicios Médicos Muñoz Solano
Bogotá
Sociedad de Cirugia de Bogota Hospital de San José
Bogotá
Fundación Valle del Lili
Cali
Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia
Floridablanca
Croatia4 sites
General Hospital Varazdin
Varaždin, 42000
Clin.Hosp.Centre Zagreb,Cerebrovascul.disease w/ intens.care
Zagreb, 10 000
University hospital center Zagreb
Zagreb, 10 000
Univ. Hosp. Sisters of Mercy, Neurology Clinic, Zagreb
Zagreb, 100 00
Estonia4 sites
East Estonia Central Hospital, Neurology Dept, Ahtme
Ahtme, 31025
West Tallinn Central Hospital, Neurology Dept.
Tallinn, 10617
North Estonia Medical Centre Foundation, Tallin
Tallinn, 13419
Tartu University Hospital
Tartu, 51014
Israel4 sites
Hillel Yaffe Medical Center, Hadera
Hadera, 38100
Wolfson Medical Center
Holon, 58100
The Chaim Sheba Medical Center Tel Hashomer
Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, 5265601
Sourasky Medical Center
Telaviv, 64239
Serbia4 sites
Clinical Center of Serbia
Belgrade, 11000
Special Hosp.for Cerebrovascul.Disease,'Sveti Sava,Belgrade
Belgrade, 11000
Clinical Centre Nis
Niš, 18000
Clinical Center of Vojvodina
Novi Sad, 21000
Thailand4 sites
Chulalongkorn University
Bangkok, 10330
Ramathibodi Hospital
Bangkok, 10400
Siriraj Hospital
Bangkok, 10700
Lampang Hospital
Lampang, 52000
Chile3 sites
Clínica Alemana de Santiago S.A.
Santiago, 7650568
Clínica Dávila
Santiago
Clinica Alemana de Temuco
Temuco
Hong Kong3 sites
Prince of Wales Hospital
Hong Kong, 0
Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital
Hong Kong
Queen Mary Hospital
Hong Kong
Malaysia3 sites
Sarawak General Hospital
Kuching, 93586
Hospital Seberang Jaya
Pulau Pinang, 13700
Hospital Sultanah Nur Zahirah
Terengganu, 20400
New Zealand3 sites
Auckland City Hospital
Grafton / Auckland, 1010
North Shore Hospital, Takapuna
Takpuna Auckland, 0622
Wellington Hospital
Wellington, 6212
Singapore3 sites
National University Hospital
Singapore, 119074
Singapore General Hospital
Singapore, 169037
National Neuroscience Institute
Singapore, 308433
Slovenia3 sites
Instit.f.applicative Research in med.rehab.Dobrna
Dobrna, 3204
Cardial d.o.o., Specialist out-patient unit, Ljubljana
Ljubljana, 1000
Univ. Medical Center Maribor
Maribor, 2000
Peru2 sites
Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurológicas
Barrios Altos
Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen
La Victoria, Lima-13
Slovakia2 sites
Faculty Hospital L. Pasteura, Kosice
Košice, 40 66
Faculty Hospital Nitra
Nitra, 950 01
South Africa2 sites
University of Pretoria
Pretoria, 0002
Dr. Moodley and Dr. Sarvan
Tongaat, 4400
About this study
Official title: Randomized, Double-blind, Evaluation in Secondary Stroke Prevention Comparing the EfficaCy and Safety of the Oral Thrombin Inhibitor Dabigatran Etexilate (110 mg or 150 mg, Oral b.i.d.) Versus Acetylsalicylic Acid (100 mg Oral q.d.) in Patients With Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source (RESPECT ESUS)
This trial will enroll approximately 6,000 patients with recent embolic stroke of unknown source (ESUS). Patients will be randomized to dabigatran or acetylsalicyclic acid (ASA) (1:1 ratio) and have visits every three months. The study doctor may prescribe blinded concomitant ASA for pts with coronary artery disease but this is not mandatory. All Adverse Events (AEs), Serious Adverse Events (SAEs), outcome events will be recorded. The trial will conclude when the required number of stroke events are positively adjudicated which is estimated to take 3 years (including 2.5 years of enrollment).
- Conditions
- Stroke, Secondary Prevention
- Being tested
- optional ASA as comedication, placebo to ASA, placebo to optional ASA as comedication, placebo to dabigatran etexilate, ASA 100 mg
- Medical subject headings
- Stroke
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
optional ASA as comedicationDrug
optional concomitant treatment which can be used for patients with coronary artery disease. It is not required for these pts.
placebo to ASADrug
placebo to comparator drug
placebo to optional ASA as comedicationDrug
optional concomitant treatment which can be used for patients with coronary artery disease. It is not required for these pts.
placebo to dabigatran etexilateDrug
placebo
ASA 100 mgDrug
active comparator drug
dabigatran etexilateDrug
active drug
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| dabigatran etexilate 110 or 150 mg | Experimental | Patients will be assigned Dabigatran 150 mg b.i.d. (unless they are 75 years or older, or have a Creatinine Clearance (CrCl) of greater than or equal to 30 to less than 50ml/min (or experience GI bleed during trial), in which case they will receive Dabigatran 110 mg b.i.d.). All patients in this arm will also receive ASA placebo (q.d.) Receives: Drug: optional ASA as comedication; Drug: placebo to ASA; Drug: dabigatran etexilate |
| ASA 100 mg | Active comparator | All patients will receive blinded ASA 100 mg q.d. and dabigatran placebo 150 mg b.i.d. (unless they are 75 years or older, or have a CrCl of greater than or equal to 30 to less than 50ml/min (or experience GI bleed during trial), in which case they will receive placebo Dabigatran 110 mg b.i.d Receives: Drug: placebo to optional ASA as comedication; Drug: placebo to dabigatran etexilate; Drug: ASA 100 mg |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Adjudicated Recurrent Stroke
Adjudicated recurrent stroke (ischemic, hemorrhagic, or unspecified) is presented. The annualised event rate represents the average number of events per patient during a 1-year period.
Measured: From randomisation until full follow up period, approximately 43 months.
First Major Bleed (Adjudicated)
First major bleed is primary safety endpoint. Major bleeds were defined according to the International Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) definition as follows:
- Symptomatic bleeding in a critical area or organ, such as intracranial, intraspinal, intraocular, retroperitoneal, intra-articular or pericardial, or intramuscular with compartment syndrome and/or,
- Bleeding (which should be overt) associated with a reduction in haemoglobin of at least 2 grams/ decilitre (g/dL) (1.24 millimoles Per Litre (mmol/L)), or leading to transfusion of ≥2 units of blood or packed cells (equivalent to ≥4.5 units in Japan); the haemoglobin drop should be considered to be due to and temporally related to the bleeding event and/or,
- Fatal bleed. The annualised event rate represents the average number of events per patient during a 1-year period.
Measured: Between the first trial medication intake up to 6 days after the last trial medication intake, approximately 42 months.
Secondary outcomes (8)
Adjudicated Ischaemic Stroke
Adjudicated ischaemic stroke is a key secondary endpoint. The annualised event rate represents the average number of events per patient during a 1-year period.
Measured: From randomisation until full follow up period, up to 43 months
Adjudicated Composite of Non-fatal Stroke, Non-fatal Myocardial Infarction, or Cardiovascular Death
Adjudicated composite of non-fatal stroke, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), or cardiovascular death is a key secondary endpoint. The annualised event rate represents the average number of events per patient during a 1-year period.
Measured: From randomisation until full follow up period, up to 43 months
Disabling Stroke
Disabling stroke (modified Rankin Scale greater than or equal to 4, as determined 3 months after recurrent stroke) is presented. The annualised event rate represents the average number of events per patient during a 1-year period.
Measured: From randomisation until full follow up period, up to 43 months
All-cause Death
All-cause death is presented. The annualised event rate represents the average number of events per patient during a 1-year period.
Measured: From randomisation until full follow up period, up to 43 months
Adjudicated Intracranial Hemorrhage
Adjudicated intracranial haemorrhage comprised the subtypes of intracerebral bleeds, intraventricular bleeds, subdural bleeds, epidural bleeds, and subarachnoid bleeds. Microbleeds did not qualify as intracranial haemorrhage, except when they were symptomatic.
The annualised event rate represents the average number of events per patient during a 1-year period.
Measured: Between the first trial medication intake up to 6 days after the last trial medication intake, approximately 42 months.
Adjudicated Fatal Bleed
Adjudicated fatal bleeding was defined as a bleeding event which the Independent Event Adjudication Committee (IAC) determined as the primary cause of death or contributed directly to death. The annualised event rate represents the average number of events per patient during a 1-year period. Because there were 0 events in one treatment group, the hazard ratio is unable to be calculated.
Measured: Between the first trial medication intake up to 6 days after the last trial medication intake, approximately 42 months.
Adjudicated Life-threatening Bleed
Major bleeds were to be classified as life-threatening if they met one or more of the following criteria: fatal bleed, symptomatic intracranial bleed, reduction in haemoglobin of at least 5 grams/ deciliter (g/dL), transfusion of at least 4 units of packed red blood cells (equivalent to 9 units in Japan), associated with hypotension requiring the use of intravenous inotropic agents, or necessitated surgical intervention.
The annualised event rate represents the average number of events per patient during a 1-year period.
Measured: Between the first trial medication intake up to 6 days after the last trial medication intake, approximately 42 months.
Any Bleed (Investigator-reported)
This was the sum of all major and minor bleeds (Minor bleeds were clinical bleeds that did not fulfil the criteria for major bleeds), regardless of severity.
The annualised event rate represents the average number of events per patient during a 1-year period.
Measured: Between the first trial medication intake up to 6 days after the last trial medication intake, approximately 42 months.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted12 Sep 2014 (estimated)
- Study start27 Nov 2014
- Primary completion14 Aug 2018
- Study completion14 Aug 2018
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (7)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for StrokeStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Boehringer IngelheimThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Investigator
- Enrolment
- 5,390 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Boehringer Ingelheim
- Sponsor type
- Industry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Boehringer Ingelheim, Study chair, Boehringer Ingelheim
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02239120
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 1160.189
- Other IDs
- 2013-003444-24
- Status last verified
- Aug 2019
- First submitted
- 10 Sep 2014
- Last updated
- 6 Sep 2019
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
Publications
Del Brutto VJ, Diener HC, Easton JD, Granger CB, Cronin L, Kleine E, Grauer C, Brueckmann M, Toyoda K, Schellinger PD, Lyrer P, Molina CA, Chutinet A, Bladin CF, Estol CJ, Sacco RL. Predictors of Recurrent Stroke After Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source in the RE-SPECT ESUS Trial. J Am Heart Assoc. 2022 Jun 7;11(11):e023545. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.121.023545. Epub 2022 Jun 3.
PubMed 35656979Diener HC, Easton JD, Hart RG, Kasner S, Kamel H, Ntaios G. Review and update of the concept of embolic stroke of undetermined source. Nat Rev Neurol. 2022 Aug;18(8):455-465. doi: 10.1038/s41582-022-00663-4. Epub 2022 May 10.
PubMed 35538232Bahit MC, Sacco RL, Easton JD, Meyerhoff J, Cronin L, Kleine E, Grauer C, Brueckmann M, Diener HC, Lopes RD, Brainin M, Lyrer P, Wachter R, Segura T, Granger CB; RE-SPECT ESUS Steering Committee and Investigators. Predictors of Atrial Fibrillation Development in Patients With Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source: An Analysis of the RE-SPECT ESUS Trial. Circulation. 2021 Nov 30;144(22):1738-1746. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.055176. Epub 2021 Oct 15.
PubMed 34649459Uchiyama S, Toyoda K, Lee BC, Liou CW, Wong LKS, Grauer C, Brueckmann M, Taniguchi A, Urano Y, Easton JD; RE-SPECT ESUS Investigators. Dabigatran or Aspirin in East Asian Patients With Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source: RE-SPECT ESUS Subgroup Analysis. Stroke. 2021 Mar;52(3):1069-1073. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.120.031891. Epub 2021 Feb 16.
PubMed 33588594Diener HC, Chutinet A, Easton JD, Granger CB, Kleine E, Marquardt L, Meyerhoff J, Zini A, Sacco RL. Dabigatran or Aspirin After Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source in Patients With Patent Foramen Ovale: Results From RE-SPECT ESUS. Stroke. 2021 Mar;52(3):1065-1068. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.120.031237. Epub 2021 Jan 28.
PubMed 33504190Diener HC, Sacco RL, Easton JD, Granger CB, Bar M, Bernstein RA, Brainin M, Brueckmann M, Cronin L, Donnan G, Gdovinova Z, Grauer C, Kleine E, Kleinig TJ, Lyrer P, Martins S, Meyerhoff J, Milling T, Pfeilschifter W, Poli S, Reif M, Rose DZ, Sanak D, Schabitz WR. Antithrombotic Treatment of Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source: RE-SPECT ESUS Elderly and Renally Impaired Subgroups. Stroke. 2020 Jun;51(6):1758-1765. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.119.028643. Epub 2020 May 14.
PubMed 32404035Diener HC, Sacco RL, Easton JD, Granger CB, Bernstein RA, Uchiyama S, Kreuzer J, Cronin L, Cotton D, Grauer C, Brueckmann M, Chernyatina M, Donnan G, Ferro JM, Grond M, Kallmunzer B, Krupinski J, Lee BC, Lemmens R, Masjuan J, Odinak M, Saver JL, Schellinger PD, Toni D, Toyoda K; RE-SPECT ESUS Steering Committee and Investigators. Dabigatran for Prevention of Stroke after Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source. N Engl J Med. 2019 May 16;380(20):1906-1917. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1813959.
PubMed 31091372
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 6 Sep 2019. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Randomized, Double-blind, Evaluation in Secondary Stroke Prevention Comparing the EfficaCy and Safety of the Oral Thrombin Inhibitor Dabigatran Etexilate (110 mg or 150 mg, Oral b.i.d.) Versus Acetylsalicylic Acid (100 mg Oral q.d.) in Patients With Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source (RESPECT ESUS)
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02239120
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 1160.189
- Conditions
- Stroke, Secondary Prevention
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 5,390 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Boehringer IngelheimIndustry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Study start
- 27 Nov 2014 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 14 Aug 2018 (actual)
- Study completion
- 14 Aug 2018 (actual)
- First posted
- 12 Sep 2014 (estimated)
- Results
- Posted 6 Sep 2019
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This trial will enroll approximately 6,000 patients with recent embolic stroke of unknown source (ESUS). Patients will be randomized to dabigatran or acetylsalicyclic acid (ASA) (1:1 ratio) and have visits every three months. The study doctor may prescribe blinded concomitant ASA for pts with coronary artery disease but this is not mandatory. All Adverse Events (AEs), Serious Adverse Events (SAEs), outcome events will be recorded. The trial will conclude when the required number of stroke events are positively adjudicated which is estimated to take 3 years (including 2.5 years of enrollment).
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, investigator)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| dabigatran etexilate 110 or 150 mg | Experimental | Drug: optional ASA as comedication, Drug: placebo to ASA, Drug: dabigatran etexilatePatients will be assigned Dabigatran 150 mg b.i.d. (unless they are 75 years or older, or have a Creatinine Clearance (CrCl) of greater than or equal to 30 to less than 50ml/min (or experience GI bleed during trial), in which case they will receive Dabigatran 110 mg b.i.d.). All patients in this arm will also receive ASA placebo (q.d.) |
| ASA 100 mg | Active comparator | Drug: placebo to optional ASA as comedication, Drug: placebo to dabigatran etexilate, Drug: ASA 100 mgAll patients will receive blinded ASA 100 mg q.d. and dabigatran placebo 150 mg b.i.d. (unless they are 75 years or older, or have a CrCl of greater than or equal to 30 to less than 50ml/min (or experience GI bleed during trial), in which case they will receive placebo Dabigatran 110 mg b.i.d |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 150 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Ischemic stroke with a brain lesion visualized by neuroimaging (either brain Computed Tomography (CT) or Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI)). The visualized stroke is a non-lacunar infarct , e.g. involving the cortex or >1.5 cm (>2.0 cm if measured on MRI diffusion-weighted images) in largest diameter if exclusively subcortical.Visualization by CT usually requires delayed imaging >24-48 hours after stroke onset.
- The index stroke must have occurred either up to 3 months before randomization (Modified Rankin Scale(mRS) <=3 at randomization) or up to 6 months before randomization (mRS <=3 at randomization) in selected patients that are >= 60 years plus at least one additional risk factor for recurrent stroke.
- Arterial imaging or cervical plus Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography does not show extra-cranial or intracranial atherosclerosis with >= 50% luminal stenosis in artery supplying the area of acute ischemia.
- As evidenced by cardiac monitoring for >= 20 hours with automated rhythm detection, there is absence of AF > 6 minutes in duration (within a 20 hour period, either as single episode or cumulative time of multiple episodes).
- Further inclusion criteria apply.
Key exclusion criteria (7 listed)
- Modified Rankin Scale of >=4 at time of randomization or inability to swallow medications.
- Major risk cardioembolic source of embolism such as: a) intracardiac thrombus as evidenced by transthoracic or transesophageal echocardiography, b) paroxysmal, persistent or permanent Atrial fibrillation (AF), c) atrial flutter, d) prosthetic cardiac valve (mitral or aortic, bioprosthetic or mechanical), e) atrial myxoma, f) other cardiac tumors, g) moderate or severe mitral stenosis, h) recent (< 4weeks) myocardial infarction, i) valvular vegetations, or j) infective endocarditis.
- Any indication that requires treatment with an anticoagulant as per Investigator's judgment.
- History of atrial fibrillation (unless it was due to reversible causes such as hyperthyroidism or binge drinking, and has been permanently resolved).
- Other specific stroke etiology (i.e. cerebral arteritis or arterial dissection, migraine with aura/vasospasm, drug abuse).
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| optional ASA as comedicationoptional concomitant treatment which can be used for patients with coronary artery disease. It is not required for these pts. | Drug | dabigatran etexilate 110 or 150 mg |
| placebo to ASAplacebo to comparator drug | Drug | dabigatran etexilate 110 or 150 mg |
| placebo to optional ASA as comedicationoptional concomitant treatment which can be used for patients with coronary artery disease. It is not required for these pts. | Drug | ASA 100 mg |
| placebo to dabigatran etexilateplacebo | Drug | ASA 100 mg |
| ASA 100 mgactive comparator drug | Drug | ASA 100 mg |
| dabigatran etexilateactive drug | Drug | dabigatran etexilate 110 or 150 mg |
Primary outcome
Adjudicated Recurrent Stroke
Time frame: From randomisation until full follow up period, approximately 43 months.
Adjudicated recurrent stroke (ischemic, hemorrhagic, or unspecified) is presented. The annualised event rate represents the average number of events per patient during a 1-year period.
First Major Bleed (Adjudicated)
Time frame: Between the first trial medication intake up to 6 days after the last trial medication intake, approximately 42 months.
First major bleed is primary safety endpoint. Major bleeds were defined according to the International Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) definition as follows: * Symptomatic bleeding in a critical area or organ, such as intracranial, intraspinal, intraocular, retroperitoneal, intra-articular or pericardial, or intramuscular with compartment syndrome and/or, * Bleeding (which should be overt) associated with a reduction in haemoglobin of at least 2 grams/ decilitre (g/dL) (1.24 millimoles Per Litre (mmol/L)), or leading to transfusion of ≥2 units of blood or packed cells (equivalent to ≥4.5 units in Japan); the haemoglobin drop should be considered to be due to and temporally related to the bleeding event and/or, * Fatal bleed. The annualised event rate represents the average number of events per patient during a 1-year period.
8 secondary outcomes
Adjudicated Ischaemic Stroke
Time frame: From randomisation until full follow up period, up to 43 months
Adjudicated Composite of Non-fatal Stroke, Non-fatal Myocardial Infarction, or Cardiovascular Death
Time frame: From randomisation until full follow up period, up to 43 months
Disabling Stroke
Time frame: From randomisation until full follow up period, up to 43 months
All-cause Death
Time frame: From randomisation until full follow up period, up to 43 months
Adjudicated Intracranial Hemorrhage
Time frame: Between the first trial medication intake up to 6 days after the last trial medication intake, approximately 42 months.
Adjudicated Fatal Bleed
Time frame: Between the first trial medication intake up to 6 days after the last trial medication intake, approximately 42 months.
Adjudicated Life-threatening Bleed
Time frame: Between the first trial medication intake up to 6 days after the last trial medication intake, approximately 42 months.
Any Bleed (Investigator-reported)
Time frame: Between the first trial medication intake up to 6 days after the last trial medication intake, approximately 42 months.
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 6 Sep 2019.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 35656979Del Brutto VJ, Diener HC, Easton JD, Granger CB, Cronin L, Kleine E, Grauer C, Brueckmann M, Toyoda K, Schellinger PD, Lyrer P, Molina CA, Chutinet A, Bladin CF, Estol CJ, Sacco RL. Predictors of Recurrent Stroke After Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source in the RE-SPECT ESUS Trial. J Am Heart Assoc. 2022 Jun 7;11(11):e023545. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.121.023545. Epub 2022 Jun 3.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 35538232Diener HC, Easton JD, Hart RG, Kasner S, Kamel H, Ntaios G. Review and update of the concept of embolic stroke of undetermined source. Nat Rev Neurol. 2022 Aug;18(8):455-465. doi: 10.1038/s41582-022-00663-4. Epub 2022 May 10.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 34649459Bahit MC, Sacco RL, Easton JD, Meyerhoff J, Cronin L, Kleine E, Grauer C, Brueckmann M, Diener HC, Lopes RD, Brainin M, Lyrer P, Wachter R, Segura T, Granger CB; RE-SPECT ESUS Steering Committee and Investigators. Predictors of Atrial Fibrillation Development in Patients With Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source: An Analysis of the RE-SPECT ESUS Trial. Circulation. 2021 Nov 30;144(22):1738-1746. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.055176. Epub 2021 Oct 15.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 33588594Uchiyama S, Toyoda K, Lee BC, Liou CW, Wong LKS, Grauer C, Brueckmann M, Taniguchi A, Urano Y, Easton JD; RE-SPECT ESUS Investigators. Dabigatran or Aspirin in East Asian Patients With Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source: RE-SPECT ESUS Subgroup Analysis. Stroke. 2021 Mar;52(3):1069-1073. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.120.031891. Epub 2021 Feb 16.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 33504190Diener HC, Chutinet A, Easton JD, Granger CB, Kleine E, Marquardt L, Meyerhoff J, Zini A, Sacco RL. Dabigatran or Aspirin After Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source in Patients With Patent Foramen Ovale: Results From RE-SPECT ESUS. Stroke. 2021 Mar;52(3):1065-1068. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.120.031237. Epub 2021 Jan 28.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 32404035Diener HC, Sacco RL, Easton JD, Granger CB, Bar M, Bernstein RA, Brainin M, Brueckmann M, Cronin L, Donnan G, Gdovinova Z, Grauer C, Kleine E, Kleinig TJ, Lyrer P, Martins S, Meyerhoff J, Milling T, Pfeilschifter W, Poli S, Reif M, Rose DZ, Sanak D, Schabitz WR. Antithrombotic Treatment of Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source: RE-SPECT ESUS Elderly and Renally Impaired Subgroups. Stroke. 2020 Jun;51(6):1758-1765. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.119.028643. Epub 2020 May 14.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 31091372Diener HC, Sacco RL, Easton JD, Granger CB, Bernstein RA, Uchiyama S, Kreuzer J, Cronin L, Cotton D, Grauer C, Brueckmann M, Chernyatina M, Donnan G, Ferro JM, Grond M, Kallmunzer B, Krupinski J, Lee BC, Lemmens R, Masjuan J, Odinak M, Saver JL, Schellinger PD, Toni D, Toyoda K; RE-SPECT ESUS Steering Committee and Investigators. Dabigatran for Prevention of Stroke after Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source. N Engl J Med. 2019 May 16;380(20):1906-1917. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1813959.
- Related InfoLink provided by the sponsor.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Boehringer Ingelheim study chair
Boehringer Ingelheim
569 sites in 42 countries: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 3 study testing optional ASA as comedication and ASA 100 mg in people with Stroke and Secondary Prevention, run by Boehringer Ingelheim at 569 sites in 42 countries.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 7 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 6 Sep 2019. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 569 sites in United States, Germany, Japan, Italy, China and 37 more countries. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 3 studies compare the treatment with the current standard treatment or a placebo in a large group, to confirm how well it works and watch for side effects.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 6 Sep 2019). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Adjudicated Recurrent Stroke (time frame: From randomisation until full follow up period, approximately 43 months.). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT02239120, which also lists 7 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 6 Sep 2019.