Cholesteryl Ester Storage DiseaseLAL-DNCT02372513
National Lysosomal Acid Lipase Deficiency Study
An observational study of Cholesteryl Ester Storage Disease, run by Ankara University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
Cholesteryl Ester Storage Disease (CESD) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder (LSD) caused by mutations in the lysosomal acid lipase gene (LIPA) that markedly reduce lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) activity, leading to the accumulation of lipids, predominately cholesteryl esters and triglycerides, in… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 3 months to 18 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Cholesteryl Ester Storage Disease
- How many people
- 810 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- Jan 2015to 1 Mar 2017
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 3 months to 18 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child, Adult
Study population: Patients of 3 months to 18 years of age at the time of enrolment who have unexplained transaminase elevation (serum ALT levels > 1.5 times the upper limit of normal) for more than 3 months and/or unexplained hepatomegaly or hepatosplenomegaly and/or obesity- unrelated hepatosteatosis and/or biopsy-proven cryptogenic fibrosis and cirrhosis and/or liver transplantation for cryptogenic cirrhosis
Who may be able to join
- A male or female of 3 months to 18 years of age at the time of enrolment
- Patients who have unexplained transaminase elevation (serum ALT levels > 1.5 times the upper limit of normal) for more than 3 months
- Patients who have unexplained hepatomegaly or hepatosplenomegaly
- Patients who have obesity- unrelated hepatosteatosis
- Patients who have biopsy-proven cryptogenic fibrosis and cirrhosis
- Patients with liver transplantation for cryptogenic cirrhosis
Who cannot join
- A male or female < 3 months or > 18 years old
- Patients with obesity -related hepatosteatosis
- Patients with drug-induced hepatosteatosis ( such as aspirin, methotrexate, amiodarone, glucocorticoid, tamoxifen, 5-fluorouracil, valproate, nucleoid revers transcriptase inhibitors)
- Patients with organomegaly or transaminase elevation due to infectious causes (EBV, Brucella, cytomegalovirus, salmonella, malaria, leishmania etc), hæmato-oncological disease (hemolytic anemia, leukemia,lymphoma, malign or benign liver neoplasms), connective tissue disorders (SLE, RA), cardiac and vascular causes (heart failure, pericarditis, Budd-Chiari syndrome, portal vein thrombosis) and obesity.
- Patient with definitive diagnosed chronic liver disease such as chronic viral hepatitis (B, C hepatitis), autoimmune hepatitis, alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, Wilson disease, metabolic disorders.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: The Frequency of Cholesteryl Ester Storage Disease in Children With Unexplained Transaminase Elevation and Chronic Liver Disease
Cholesteryl Ester Storage Disease (CESD) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder (LSD) caused by mutations in the lysosomal acid lipase gene (LIPA) that markedly reduce lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) activity, leading to the accumulation of lipids, predominately cholesteryl esters and triglycerides, in various tissues and cell types. In the liver, accumulation of lipids leads to diffuse microvesicular steatosis, which progresses to fibrosis and ultimately, to micronodular cirrhosis. Patients typically present with hepatomegaly, liver dysfunction, hepatic failure and type II hyperlipidemia. Although hepatosteatosis is a typical finding, the liver biopsy diagnosis may be misclassified as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis or cryptogenic liver disease. Biopsy and radiological findings are not considered diagnostic, but help to suspicion of CESD. The definitive diagnosis is based on deficient LAL activity and/or LIPA gene mutations.
CESD is pan-ethnic, however, the disease incidence is unknown. The estimated incidence of the disease indicates that CESD should be largely underdiagnosed especially in European patients. Elevation of serum transaminases, and hepatomegaly are early indications of liver impairment. Therefore, CESD should be considered as a differential diagnosis in liver disease of unknown origin.
To data, there is no study which evaluated the frequency of CESD in children with unexplained transaminase elevation and/or organomegaly and/or chronic liver disease. The aim of this prospective, multicenter and cross-sectional study is to investigate frequency of CESD in children with unexplained transaminase elevation and/or and/or chronic liver disease and to identify demographic and clinical features of CESD.
Read the detailed description
Patients of 3 months to 18 years of age at the time of enrolment who have unexplained transaminase elevation (serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels > 1.5 times the upper limit of normal) for more than 3 months and/or unexplained hepatomegaly or hepatosplenomegaly and/or obesity- unrelated hepatosteatosis and/or biopsy-proven cryptogenic fibrosis and cirrhosis and/or liver transplantation for cryptogenic cirrhosis will be included.
Potential participants will be invited for LAL enzyme analysis. Written informed consent will be obtained from the parents or guardians of the participants at the time of enrolment. Prospective and retrospective data will be collected. Complete family and medical history, physical examination and previously existing laboratory findings will be recorded on standard case reports form and up to 0.25 ml of blood will be drawn for LAL enzyme analysis. The blood obtained from participants will be spotted on filter paper, and dried blood spot sample (DBS) will be prepared. Finally, the dried blood spot sample will be sent to reference laboratory (NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, England) for LAL enzyme measurement within 1 week.
- Conditions
- Cholesteryl Ester Storage Disease
- Keywords
- Cholesteryl Ester Storage Disease, Children, Liver disease
- Medical subject headings
- Cholesterol Ester Storage Disease, Liver Diseases
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Frequency of Cholesteryl Ester Storage Disease in children who have unexplained transaminase elevation for more than 3 months and/or organomegaly and/or hepatosteatosis unrelated to obesity and/or cryptogenic fibrosis and cirrhosis
Measured: First day
Secondary outcomes (1)
Identify demographic and clinical features of Cholesteryl Ester Storage Disease
Measured: First day
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted26 Feb 2015 (estimated)
- Study startJan 2015
- Primary completion31 Jan 2017
- Study completion1 Mar 2017
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (14)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Cholesteryl Ester Storage DiseaseStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Ankara UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Enrolment
- 810 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Ankara University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Zarife Kuloglu, Ankara University
- Investigators
- Zarife Kuloglu, M.D, Study director, Ankara University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02372513
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- LALD-TR
- Acronym
- LAL-D
- Status last verified
- Nov 2017
- First submitted
- 21 Feb 2015
- Last updated
- 13 Nov 2017
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
Publications
Reynolds T. Cholesteryl ester storage disease: a rare and possibly treatable cause of premature vascular disease and cirrhosis. J Clin Pathol. 2013 Nov;66(11):918-23. doi: 10.1136/jclinpath-2012-201302. Epub 2013 Sep 2.
PubMed 23999269Hulkova H, Elleder M. Distinctive histopathological features that support a diagnosis of cholesterol ester storage disease in liver biopsy specimens. Histopathology. 2012 Jun;60(7):1107-13. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2011.04164.x.
PubMed 22621222Zhang B, Porto AF. Cholesteryl ester storage disease: protean presentations of lysosomal acid lipase deficiency. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2013 Jun;56(6):682-5. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0b013e31828b36ac.
PubMed 23403440Hamilton J, Jones I, Srivastava R, Galloway P. A new method for the measurement of lysosomal acid lipase in dried blood spots using the inhibitor Lalistat 2. Clin Chim Acta. 2012 Aug 16;413(15-16):1207-10. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2012.03.019. Epub 2012 Mar 29.
PubMed 22483793Dairaku T, Iwamoto T, Nishimura M, Endo M, Ohashi T, Eto Y. A practical fluorometric assay method to measure lysosomal acid lipase activity in dried blood spots for the screening of cholesteryl ester storage disease and Wolman disease. Mol Genet Metab. 2014 Feb;111(2):193-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2013.11.003. Epub 2013 Nov 16.
PubMed 24295952Ambler GK, Hoare M, Brais R, Shaw A, Butler A, Flynn P, Deegan P, Griffiths WJ. Orthotopic liver transplantation in an adult with cholesterol ester storage disease. JIMD Rep. 2013;8:41-6. doi: 10.1007/8904_2012_155. Epub 2012 Jul 24.
PubMed 23430518Dalgic B, Sari S, Gunduz M, Ezgu F, Tumer L, Hasanoglu A, Akyol G. Cholesteryl ester storage disease in a young child presenting as isolated hepatomegaly treated with simvastatin. Turk J Pediatr. 2006 Apr-Jun;48(2):148-51.
PubMed 16848116Balwani M, Breen C, Enns GM, Deegan PB, Honzik T, Jones S, Kane JP, Malinova V, Sharma R, Stock EO, Valayannopoulos V, Wraith JE, Burg J, Eckert S, Schneider E, Quinn AG. Clinical effect and safety profile of recombinant human lysosomal acid lipase in patients with cholesteryl ester storage disease. Hepatology. 2013 Sep;58(3):950-7. doi: 10.1002/hep.26289. Epub 2013 Mar 28.
PubMed 23348766Bernstein DL, Hulkova H, Bialer MG, Desnick RJ. Cholesteryl ester storage disease: review of the findings in 135 reported patients with an underdiagnosed disease. J Hepatol. 2013 Jun;58(6):1230-43. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2013.02.014. Epub 2013 Feb 26.
PubMed 23485521Fasano T, Pisciotta L, Bocchi L, Guardamagna O, Assandro P, Rabacchi C, Zanoni P, Filocamo M, Bertolini S, Calandra S. Lysosomal lipase deficiency: molecular characterization of eleven patients with Wolman or cholesteryl ester storage disease. Mol Genet Metab. 2012 Mar;105(3):450-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2011.12.008. Epub 2011 Dec 17.
PubMed 22227072Fouchier SW, Defesche JC. Lysosomal acid lipase A and the hypercholesterolaemic phenotype. Curr Opin Lipidol. 2013 Aug;24(4):332-8. doi: 10.1097/MOL.0b013e328361f6c6.
PubMed 23652569Reiner Z, Guardamagna O, Nair D, Soran H, Hovingh K, Bertolini S, Jones S, Coric M, Calandra S, Hamilton J, Eagleton T, Ros E. Lysosomal acid lipase deficiency--an under-recognized cause of dyslipidaemia and liver dysfunction. Atherosclerosis. 2014 Jul;235(1):21-30. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.04.003. Epub 2014 Apr 15.
PubMed 24792990Muntoni S, Wiebusch H, Jansen-Rust M, Rust S, Seedorf U, Schulte H, Berger K, Funke H, Assmann G. Prevalence of cholesteryl ester storage disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2007 Aug;27(8):1866-8. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.146639. No abstract available.
PubMed 17634524Scott SA, Liu B, Nazarenko I, Martis S, Kozlitina J, Yang Y, Ramirez C, Kasai Y, Hyatt T, Peter I, Desnick RJ. Frequency of the cholesteryl ester storage disease common LIPA E8SJM mutation (c.894G>A) in various racial and ethnic groups. Hepatology. 2013 Sep;58(3):958-65. doi: 10.1002/hep.26327. Epub 2013 Jul 29.
PubMed 23424026
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 13 Nov 2017. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Frequency of Cholesteryl Ester Storage Disease in Children With Unexplained Transaminase Elevation and Chronic Liver Disease
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02372513
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- LAL-D / LALD-TR
- Conditions
- Cholesteryl Ester Storage Disease
- Keywords
- Cholesteryl Ester Storage Disease, Children, Liver disease
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 810 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Ankara UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
- Study start
- Jan 2015
- Primary completion
- 31 Jan 2017 (actual)
- Study completion
- 1 Mar 2017 (actual)
- First posted
- 26 Feb 2015 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Cholesteryl Ester Storage Disease (CESD) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder (LSD) caused by mutations in the lysosomal acid lipase gene (LIPA) that markedly reduce lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) activity, leading to the accumulation of lipids, predominately cholesteryl esters and triglycerides, in various tissues and cell types. In the liver, accumulation of lipids leads to diffuse microvesicular steatosis, which progresses to fibrosis and ultimately, to micronodular cirrhosis. Patients typically present with hepatomegaly, liver dysfunction, hepatic failure and type II hyperlipidemia. Although hepatosteatosis is a typical finding, the liver biopsy diagnosis may be misclassified as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis or cryptogenic liver disease. Biopsy and radiological findings are not considered diagnostic, but help to suspicion of CESD. The definitive diagnosis is based on deficient LAL activity and/or LIPA gene mutations.
CESD is pan-ethnic, however, the disease incidence is unknown. The estimated incidence of the disease indicates that CESD should be largely underdiagnosed especially in European patients. Elevation of serum transaminases, and hepatomegaly are early indications of liver impairment. Therefore, CESD should be considered as a differential diagnosis in liver disease of unknown origin.
To data, there is no study which evaluated the frequency of CESD in children with unexplained transaminase elevation and/or organomegaly and/or chronic liver disease. The aim of this prospective, multicenter and cross-sectional study is to investigate frequency of CESD in children with unexplained transaminase elevation and/or and/or chronic liver disease and to identify demographic and clinical features of CESD.
Detailed description
Patients of 3 months to 18 years of age at the time of enrolment who have unexplained transaminase elevation (serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels > 1.5 times the upper limit of normal) for more than 3 months and/or unexplained hepatomegaly or hepatosplenomegaly and/or obesity- unrelated hepatosteatosis and/or biopsy-proven cryptogenic fibrosis and cirrhosis and/or liver transplantation for cryptogenic cirrhosis will be included.
Potential participants will be invited for LAL enzyme analysis. Written informed consent will be obtained from the parents or guardians of the participants at the time of enrolment. Prospective and retrospective data will be collected. Complete family and medical history, physical examination and previously existing laboratory findings will be recorded on standard case reports form and up to 0.25 ml of blood will be drawn for LAL enzyme analysis. The blood obtained from participants will be spotted on filter paper, and dried blood spot sample (DBS) will be prepared. Finally, the dried blood spot sample will be sent to reference laboratory (NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, England) for LAL enzyme measurement within 1 week.
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 3 months to 18 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult
- Study population
- Patients of 3 months to 18 years of age at the time of enrolment who have unexplained transaminase elevation (serum ALT levels > 1.5 times the upper limit of normal) for more than 3 months and/or unexplained hepatomegaly or hepatosplenomegaly and/or obesity- unrelated hepatosteatosis and/or biopsy-proven cryptogenic fibrosis and cirrhosis and/or liver transplantation for cryptogenic cirrhosis
Key inclusion criteria (6 listed)
- A male or female of 3 months to 18 years of age at the time of enrolment
- Patients who have unexplained transaminase elevation (serum ALT levels > 1.5 times the upper limit of normal) for more than 3 months
- Patients who have unexplained hepatomegaly or hepatosplenomegaly
- Patients who have obesity- unrelated hepatosteatosis
- Patients who have biopsy-proven cryptogenic fibrosis and cirrhosis
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- A male or female < 3 months or > 18 years old
- Patients with obesity -related hepatosteatosis
- Patients with drug-induced hepatosteatosis ( such as aspirin, methotrexate, amiodarone, glucocorticoid, tamoxifen, 5-fluorouracil, valproate, nucleoid revers transcriptase inhibitors)
- Patients with organomegaly or transaminase elevation due to infectious causes (EBV, Brucella, cytomegalovirus, salmonella, malaria, leishmania etc), hæmato-oncological disease (hemolytic anemia, leukemia,lymphoma, malign or benign liver neoplasms), connective tissue disorders (SLE, RA), cardiac and vascular causes (heart failure, pericarditis, Budd-Chiari syndrome, portal vein thrombosis) and obesity.
- Patient with definitive diagnosed chronic liver disease such as chronic viral hepatitis (B, C hepatitis), autoimmune hepatitis, alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, Wilson disease, metabolic disorders.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Primary outcome
Frequency of Cholesteryl Ester Storage Disease in children who have unexplained transaminase elevation for more than 3 months and/or organomegaly and/or hepatosteatosis unrelated to obesity and/or cryptogenic fibrosis and cirrhosis
Time frame: First day
1 secondary outcome
Identify demographic and clinical features of Cholesteryl Ester Storage Disease
Time frame: First day
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 13 Nov 2017.
- Background: PubMed 23999269Reynolds T. Cholesteryl ester storage disease: a rare and possibly treatable cause of premature vascular disease and cirrhosis. J Clin Pathol. 2013 Nov;66(11):918-23. doi: 10.1136/jclinpath-2012-201302. Epub 2013 Sep 2.
- Background: PubMed 22621222Hulkova H, Elleder M. Distinctive histopathological features that support a diagnosis of cholesterol ester storage disease in liver biopsy specimens. Histopathology. 2012 Jun;60(7):1107-13. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2011.04164.x.
- Background: PubMed 23403440Zhang B, Porto AF. Cholesteryl ester storage disease: protean presentations of lysosomal acid lipase deficiency. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2013 Jun;56(6):682-5. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0b013e31828b36ac.
- Background: PubMed 22483793Hamilton J, Jones I, Srivastava R, Galloway P. A new method for the measurement of lysosomal acid lipase in dried blood spots using the inhibitor Lalistat 2. Clin Chim Acta. 2012 Aug 16;413(15-16):1207-10. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2012.03.019. Epub 2012 Mar 29.
- Background: PubMed 24295952Dairaku T, Iwamoto T, Nishimura M, Endo M, Ohashi T, Eto Y. A practical fluorometric assay method to measure lysosomal acid lipase activity in dried blood spots for the screening of cholesteryl ester storage disease and Wolman disease. Mol Genet Metab. 2014 Feb;111(2):193-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2013.11.003. Epub 2013 Nov 16.
- Background: PubMed 23430518Ambler GK, Hoare M, Brais R, Shaw A, Butler A, Flynn P, Deegan P, Griffiths WJ. Orthotopic liver transplantation in an adult with cholesterol ester storage disease. JIMD Rep. 2013;8:41-6. doi: 10.1007/8904_2012_155. Epub 2012 Jul 24.
- Background: PubMed 16848116Dalgic B, Sari S, Gunduz M, Ezgu F, Tumer L, Hasanoglu A, Akyol G. Cholesteryl ester storage disease in a young child presenting as isolated hepatomegaly treated with simvastatin. Turk J Pediatr. 2006 Apr-Jun;48(2):148-51.
- Background: PubMed 23348766Balwani M, Breen C, Enns GM, Deegan PB, Honzik T, Jones S, Kane JP, Malinova V, Sharma R, Stock EO, Valayannopoulos V, Wraith JE, Burg J, Eckert S, Schneider E, Quinn AG. Clinical effect and safety profile of recombinant human lysosomal acid lipase in patients with cholesteryl ester storage disease. Hepatology. 2013 Sep;58(3):950-7. doi: 10.1002/hep.26289. Epub 2013 Mar 28.
- Results publication: PubMed 23485521Bernstein DL, Hulkova H, Bialer MG, Desnick RJ. Cholesteryl ester storage disease: review of the findings in 135 reported patients with an underdiagnosed disease. J Hepatol. 2013 Jun;58(6):1230-43. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2013.02.014. Epub 2013 Feb 26.
- Results publication: PubMed 22227072Fasano T, Pisciotta L, Bocchi L, Guardamagna O, Assandro P, Rabacchi C, Zanoni P, Filocamo M, Bertolini S, Calandra S. Lysosomal lipase deficiency: molecular characterization of eleven patients with Wolman or cholesteryl ester storage disease. Mol Genet Metab. 2012 Mar;105(3):450-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2011.12.008. Epub 2011 Dec 17.
- Results publication: PubMed 23652569Fouchier SW, Defesche JC. Lysosomal acid lipase A and the hypercholesterolaemic phenotype. Curr Opin Lipidol. 2013 Aug;24(4):332-8. doi: 10.1097/MOL.0b013e328361f6c6.
- Results publication: PubMed 24792990Reiner Z, Guardamagna O, Nair D, Soran H, Hovingh K, Bertolini S, Jones S, Coric M, Calandra S, Hamilton J, Eagleton T, Ros E. Lysosomal acid lipase deficiency--an under-recognized cause of dyslipidaemia and liver dysfunction. Atherosclerosis. 2014 Jul;235(1):21-30. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.04.003. Epub 2014 Apr 15.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Zarife Kuloglu, M.D study director
Ankara University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Cholesteryl Ester Storage Disease, run by Ankara University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 13 Nov 2017. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Frequency of Cholesteryl Ester Storage Disease in children who have unexplained transaminase elevation for more than 3 months and/or organomegaly and/or hepatosteatosis unrelated to obesity and/or cryptogenic fibrosis and cirrhosis (time frame: First day). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT02372513, which also lists 14 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 13 Nov 2017.