Nasal PolypsPhase 4NCT02484859
Comparison of Metoprolol and Tramadol With Remifentanil in Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
A Phase 4 study testing Remifentanil, Tramadol and Metoprolol in people with Nasal Polyps, run by Recep Tayyip Erdogan University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is indicated in diseases such as chronic sinusitis refractory to medical treatment, nasal polyposis, mass lesions in the nasal cavity. The purpose of this study is to determine whether tramadol and metoprolol are as effective as remifentanil in providing controlled… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 65 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Nasal Polyps
- What is being tested?
- Remifentanil, Tramadol and Metoprolol
- Type of treatment
- Injection or infusion
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 88 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- Jul 2015to Feb 2016
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- diagnosis of rhinosinusitis
- indication for functional endoscopic sinus surgery
Who cannot join
- American Society of Anesthesiologists risk score > 2
- undertreated hypertension
- Haemoglobin A1c test level > 7.5
- pregnancy
- concurrent surgery
- history of drug abuse
- history of or new diagnosis of allergy to any of the study drugs
- history of post-operative nausea and vomiting
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Recep Tayyip Erdogan University
Rize, Eastern Blacksea, 53100
About this study
Official title: Comparison of Normotensive Anesthesia Using a Combination of Metoprolol and Tramadol With Controlled Hypotension Using Remifentanil in Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is indicated in diseases such as chronic sinusitis refractory to medical treatment, nasal polyposis, mass lesions in the nasal cavity. The purpose of this study is to determine whether tramadol and metoprolol are as effective as remifentanil in providing controlled hypotension during FESS.
Read the detailed description
This study aims to compare two techniques for controlled hypotension during FESS. In both cases, the patients will be evaluated during the preoperative anesthetic visit, and will be given care by an anesthesiologist during the perioperative period.
Patients who are scheduled for an elective FESS operation will be included in the study. During the preoperative anaesthetic visit, patients who do not meet any of the the exclusion criteria will be offered to participate in hte study. Patients accepting to contribute tot he study will be randomised into one of the two groups via closed envelope technique.
A pilot study with 20 patients resulted in similar means and slightly different standard deviations of mean blood pressure. This pilot study showed that 44 patients in each group are sufficient to obtain 80% power with an alpha error of 0.05 and beta error of 20%. To compensate for missing/inconsistent data, or allow for better matching of the demographic variables, 3-5 additional patients will be recruited.
The anesthesiologist in charge of the patient will not be blinded to the groups, and will be responsible for maintaining the hypotension (and patient safety) with either remifentanil in one group, or tramadol and metoprolol in the other group. Systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressures, and heart rate will be recorded into a spreadsheet every three minutes during the anaesthetic and surgical period. The data will be recorded via an excel form, which will validate the entries upon entrance. The accuracy and completeness of registry data will be verified by a third investigator, who will compare the registry data to the medical monitor records at the end of each operative day.
The surgeon will be blinded to the groups, and will be responsible for scoring the surgical vision and bleeding with the intraoperative bleeding score. The study drugs will be administered via the same type of infusion pump to facilitate the blinding process.
Any adverse event will be reported in the patient chart and study records.
Statistical analysis will be carried out using R and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) programs. Demographic variables (age, gender, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, comorbidities) will be analysed using descriptive statistics. Study variables such as duration of operation, variance of the hemodynamic parameters, amount of bleeding, bleeding score, occurrence of adverse events will be analysed with the appropriate statistical tests.
- Conditions
- Nasal Polyps
- Being tested
- Remifentanil, Tramadol, Metoprolol
- Keywords
- Drug: remifentanil, Drug: tramadol, Drug: metoprolol, Functional endoscopic sinus surgery, Controlled hypotension
- Medical subject headings
- Nasal Polyps
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
RemifentanilDrug
Also called Ultiva
Remifentanil infusion will be started with a bolus dose of 0.5 µg/kg before the induction, and will be continued throughout the surgery at a dose of 0.25-0.5 µg/kg/min. At the end of the surgery, the rate of infusion will be decreased to 0.05 µg/kg/min, and continued until the patient is extubated.
TramadolDrug
Also called Contramal
1 mg/kg tramadol will be added to 100 ml of isotonic fluid, and will be administered intravenously in exactly 30 minutes via a perfusor. The infusion will be started just before the induction.
MetoprololDrug
Also called Beloc
0.1 mg/kg of metoprolol will be administered intravenously within 5 minutes following the administration of neuromuscular blocking agent.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| remifentanil | Active comparator | Following an intravenous bolus dose of 0.5 µg/kg remifentanil administered just before the induction of anaesthesia, patients will receive an intravenous infusion of remifentanil at a dose of 0.25-0.5 µg/kg/min throughout the surgery. The rate of infusion will be adjusted to maintain a mean blood pressure within %70-80 of the baseline value. At the end of the surgery, the rate of infusion will be decreased to 0.05 µg/kg/min, and continued until the patient is extubated. Receives: Drug: Remifentanil |
| tramadol + metoprolol | Active comparator | Just before the induction of anaesthesia, an intravenous infusion of 1 mg/kg of tramadol in 100 ml isotonic fluid will be started. The infusion will be completed in 30 minutes using a perfusor. Additionally, following the administration of the neuromuscular blocking agent, 0.1 mg/kg of intravenous metoprolol will be administered within 5 minutes. Receives: Drug: Tramadol; Drug: Metoprolol |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Intraoperative Bleeding Score
Intraoperative bleeding score is reported by the surgeon according to Boezaart Surgical Field Grading scale. The scale ranges from 0 to 5. '0' is the best, and '5' is the worst outcome.
The scale construct is:
0 No bleeding.
- Slight bleeding, no suction is required.
- Slight bleeding, occasional suctioning required.
- Slight bleeding, frequent suctioning required. Bleeding threatens surgical field a few seconds after suction is removed.
- Moderate bleeding, frequent suctioning required. Bleeding threatens surgical field as soon as suction is removed.
- Severe bleeding, constant suctioning required. Bleeding appears faster than suctioning.
Thoroughout the intraoperative period, the surgeon is free to report a score at any time he/she sees appropriate.
Measured: throughout surgery, up to 3 hours
Secondary outcomes (4)
Time to Achieve Intraoperative Bleeding Score < 3
The intraoperative bleeding score will be reported by the surgeon throughout surgery. At the start of the surgery, a timer will be used to measure the duration to achieve a bleeding score of 2.
Measured: throughout surgery, up to 20 minutes
Bleeding Rate
In the end of each surgery, bleeding rate will be calculated as ml/min by dividing total bleeding (amount of blood in the graded suction and sponges minus total irrigation fluid) to the duration of surgery (excluding local anesthetic infiltration, and nasal packing).
Measured: throughout surgery, up to 3 hours
Postoperative Pain
Postoperative pain scores on the day of surgery will be evaluated with a visual analog scale (0: no pain, 10: worst pain ever) at the post anaesthetic care unit (PACU), and the surgical ward. The evaluation will begin after the patient arrives at the post anaesthetic care unit, and will continue for 24 hours.
Measured: following extubation, up to 24 hours
Number of Participants With Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting
Postoperative nausea, retching, and vomiting on the day of surgery will be evaluated with a four-point ordinal scale (0-none, 1-nausea, 2-retching, 3-vomiting) at the post anaesthetic care unit, and the surgical ward. The evaluation will begin after the patient arrives at the post anaesthetic care unit, and will continue for 24 hours.
Measured: following extubation, up to 24 hours
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted30 Jun 2015 (estimated)
- Study startJul 2015
- Primary completionDec 2015
- Study completionFeb 2016
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (7)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Nasal PolypsStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Quadruple blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 88 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Başar Erdivanlı, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University
- Investigators
- Başar Erdivanlı, Asst. Prof., Principal investigator, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Medical Faculty, Department of Anesthesiology
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02484859
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2015/14
- Status last verified
- Dec 2023
- First submitted
- 19 Jun 2015
- Last updated
- 20 Dec 2023
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- Individual data sharing
- No: We are still evaluating the guideline of the Medical Research Council (MRC) Hubs for Trials Methodology Research (HTMR) for individual participant data sharing.
Publications
Hosemann W, Draf C. Danger points, complications and medico-legal aspects in endoscopic sinus surgery. GMS Curr Top Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2013 Dec 13;12:Doc06. doi: 10.3205/cto000098.
PubMed 24403974Cincikas D, Ivaskevicius J, Martinkenas JL, Balseris S. A role of anesthesiologist in reducing surgical bleeding in endoscopic sinus surgery. Medicina (Kaunas). 2010;46(11):730-4.
PubMed 21467830Lin D, Dalgorf D, Witterick IJ. Predictors of unexpected hospital admissions after outpatient endoscopic sinus surgery: retrospective review. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2008 Jun;37(3):309-11.
PubMed 19128632Komatsu R, Turan AM, Orhan-Sungur M, McGuire J, Radke OC, Apfel CC. Remifentanil for general anaesthesia: a systematic review. Anaesthesia. 2007 Dec;62(12):1266-80. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.2007.05221.x.
PubMed 17991265Rathjen T, Bockmuhl U, Greim CA. [Modern anesthesiologic concepts supporting paranasal sinus surgery]. Laryngorhinootologie. 2006 Jan;85(1):20-3. doi: 10.1055/s-2005-870562. German.
PubMed 16444651Khalil HS, Nunez DA. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006 Jul 19;2006(3):CD004458. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004458.pub2.
PubMed 16856048Sartcaoglu F, Celiker V, Basgul E, Yapakci O, Aypar U. The effect of hypotensive anaesthesia on cognitive functions and recovery at endoscopic sinus surgery. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2005 Feb;22(2):157-9. doi: 10.1017/s0265021505230284. No abstract available.
PubMed 15816598
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 20 Dec 2023. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Comparison of Normotensive Anesthesia Using a Combination of Metoprolol and Tramadol With Controlled Hypotension Using Remifentanil in Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02484859
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 2015/14
- Conditions
- Nasal Polyps
- Keywords
- Drug: remifentanil, Drug: tramadol, Drug: metoprolol, Functional endoscopic sinus surgery, Controlled hypotension
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 88 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- Jul 2015
- Primary completion
- Dec 2015 (actual)
- Study completion
- Feb 2016 (actual)
- First posted
- 30 Jun 2015 (estimated)
- Results
- Posted 10 Sep 2019
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is indicated in diseases such as chronic sinusitis refractory to medical treatment, nasal polyposis, mass lesions in the nasal cavity. The purpose of this study is to determine whether tramadol and metoprolol are as effective as remifentanil in providing controlled hypotension during FESS.
Detailed description
This study aims to compare two techniques for controlled hypotension during FESS. In both cases, the patients will be evaluated during the preoperative anesthetic visit, and will be given care by an anesthesiologist during the perioperative period.
Patients who are scheduled for an elective FESS operation will be included in the study. During the preoperative anaesthetic visit, patients who do not meet any of the the exclusion criteria will be offered to participate in hte study. Patients accepting to contribute tot he study will be randomised into one of the two groups via closed envelope technique.
A pilot study with 20 patients resulted in similar means and slightly different standard deviations of mean blood pressure. This pilot study showed that 44 patients in each group are sufficient to obtain 80% power with an alpha error of 0.05 and beta error of 20%. To compensate for missing/inconsistent data, or allow for better matching of the demographic variables, 3-5 additional patients will be recruited.
The anesthesiologist in charge of the patient will not be blinded to the groups, and will be responsible for maintaining the hypotension (and patient safety) with either remifentanil in one group, or tramadol and metoprolol in the other group. Systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressures, and heart rate will be recorded into a spreadsheet every three minutes during the anaesthetic and surgical period. The data will be recorded via an excel form, which will validate the entries upon entrance. The accuracy and completeness of registry data will be verified by a third investigator, who will compare the registry data to the medical monitor records at the end of each operative day.
The surgeon will be blinded to the groups, and will be responsible for scoring the surgical vision and bleeding with the intraoperative bleeding score. The study drugs will be administered via the same type of infusion pump to facilitate the blinding process.
Any adverse event will be reported in the patient chart and study records.
Statistical analysis will be carried out using R and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) programs. Demographic variables (age, gender, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, comorbidities) will be analysed using descriptive statistics. Study variables such as duration of operation, variance of the hemodynamic parameters, amount of bleeding, bleeding score, occurrence of adverse events will be analysed with the appropriate statistical tests.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Quadruple blind (participant, care provider, investigator, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| remifentanil | Active comparator | Drug: RemifentanilFollowing an intravenous bolus dose of 0.5 µg/kg remifentanil administered just before the induction of anaesthesia, patients will receive an intravenous infusion of remifentanil at a dose of 0.25-0.5 µg/kg/min throughout the surgery. The rate of infusion will be adjusted to maintain a mean blood pressure within %70-80 of the baseline value. At the end of the surgery, the rate of infusion will be decreased to 0.05 µg/kg/min, and continued until the patient is extubated. |
| tramadol + metoprolol | Active comparator | Drug: Tramadol, Drug: MetoprololJust before the induction of anaesthesia, an intravenous infusion of 1 mg/kg of tramadol in 100 ml isotonic fluid will be started. The infusion will be completed in 30 minutes using a perfusor. Additionally, following the administration of the neuromuscular blocking agent, 0.1 mg/kg of intravenous metoprolol will be administered within 5 minutes. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 65 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)
- diagnosis of rhinosinusitis
- indication for functional endoscopic sinus surgery
Key exclusion criteria (8 listed)
- American Society of Anesthesiologists risk score > 2
- undertreated hypertension
- Haemoglobin A1c test level > 7.5
- pregnancy
- concurrent surgery
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| RemifentanilAlso: UltivaRemifentanil infusion will be started with a bolus dose of 0.5 µg/kg before the induction, and will be continued throughout the surgery at a dose of 0.25-0.5 µg/kg/min. At the end of the surgery, the rate of infusion will be decreased to 0.05 µg/kg/min, and continued until the patient is extubated. | Drug | remifentanil |
| TramadolAlso: Contramal1 mg/kg tramadol will be added to 100 ml of isotonic fluid, and will be administered intravenously in exactly 30 minutes via a perfusor. The infusion will be started just before the induction. | Drug | tramadol + metoprolol |
| MetoprololAlso: Beloc0.1 mg/kg of metoprolol will be administered intravenously within 5 minutes following the administration of neuromuscular blocking agent. | Drug | tramadol + metoprolol |
Primary outcome
Intraoperative Bleeding Score
Time frame: throughout surgery, up to 3 hours
Intraoperative bleeding score is reported by the surgeon according to Boezaart Surgical Field Grading scale. The scale ranges from 0 to 5. '0' is the best, and '5' is the worst outcome. The scale construct is: 0 No bleeding. 1. Slight bleeding, no suction is required. 2. Slight bleeding, occasional suctioning required. 3. Slight bleeding, frequent suctioning required. Bleeding threatens surgical field a few seconds after suction is removed. 4. Moderate bleeding, frequent suctioning required. Bleeding threatens surgical field as soon as suction is removed. 5. Severe bleeding, constant suctioning required. Bleeding appears faster than suctioning. Thoroughout the intraoperative period, the surgeon is free to report a score at any time he/she sees appropriate.
4 secondary outcomes
Time to Achieve Intraoperative Bleeding Score < 3
Time frame: throughout surgery, up to 20 minutes
Bleeding Rate
Time frame: throughout surgery, up to 3 hours
Postoperative Pain
Time frame: following extubation, up to 24 hours
Number of Participants With Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting
Time frame: following extubation, up to 24 hours
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 20 Dec 2023.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Background: PubMed 24403974Hosemann W, Draf C. Danger points, complications and medico-legal aspects in endoscopic sinus surgery. GMS Curr Top Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2013 Dec 13;12:Doc06. doi: 10.3205/cto000098.
- Background: PubMed 21467830Cincikas D, Ivaskevicius J, Martinkenas JL, Balseris S. A role of anesthesiologist in reducing surgical bleeding in endoscopic sinus surgery. Medicina (Kaunas). 2010;46(11):730-4.
- Background: PubMed 19128632Lin D, Dalgorf D, Witterick IJ. Predictors of unexpected hospital admissions after outpatient endoscopic sinus surgery: retrospective review. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2008 Jun;37(3):309-11.
- Background: PubMed 17991265Komatsu R, Turan AM, Orhan-Sungur M, McGuire J, Radke OC, Apfel CC. Remifentanil for general anaesthesia: a systematic review. Anaesthesia. 2007 Dec;62(12):1266-80. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.2007.05221.x.
- Background: PubMed 16444651Rathjen T, Bockmuhl U, Greim CA. [Modern anesthesiologic concepts supporting paranasal sinus surgery]. Laryngorhinootologie. 2006 Jan;85(1):20-3. doi: 10.1055/s-2005-870562. German.
- Background: PubMed 16856048Khalil HS, Nunez DA. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006 Jul 19;2006(3):CD004458. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004458.pub2.
- Background: PubMed 15816598Sartcaoglu F, Celiker V, Basgul E, Yapakci O, Aypar U. The effect of hypotensive anaesthesia on cognitive functions and recovery at endoscopic sinus surgery. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2005 Feb;22(2):157-9. doi: 10.1017/s0265021505230284. No abstract available.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. We are still evaluating the guideline of the Medical Research Council (MRC) Hubs for Trials Methodology Research (HTMR) for individual participant data sharing.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Başar Erdivanlı, Asst. Prof. principal investigator
Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Medical Faculty, Department of Anesthesiology
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 4 study testing Remifentanil, Tramadol and Metoprolol in people with Nasal Polyps, run by Recep Tayyip Erdogan University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 8 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 20 Dec 2023. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 4 studies take place after a treatment is approved, to learn more about its long-term benefits and risks in everyday use.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 10 Sep 2019). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Intraoperative Bleeding Score (time frame: throughout surgery, up to 3 hours). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT02484859, which also lists 7 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 20 Dec 2023; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 8 Nov 2026.