Motor Skills DisordersNCT02635711
Taekwondo for Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder
A study testing Adapted Taekwondo training in people with Motor Skills Disorders, run by The University of Hong Kong at 1 site in Hong Kong.
Trial summary
Objectives: To evaluate the effects of a novel adapted Taekwondo (TKD) training programme on skeletal development and motor proficiency in pre-pubertal children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 6 to 9 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Motor Skills Disorders
- What is being tested?
- Adapted Taekwondo training
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 104 participants
- Where
- 1 siteHong Kong
- Study dates
- Dec 2015to Dec 2019
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 6 to 9 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child
Who may be able to join
- Between 6 and 9 years of age
- In Tanner stage I (i.e., pre-pubertal - no pubic hair; boys: testicular volume <1.5 mL as measured by the water displacement test and small penis of <3 cm; girls: no glandular tissue/breasts not developed) as reported by the parents using sexual maturity diagrams [9]
- Diagnosed with DCD based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR or DSM-V) [1]
- A Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency gross motor composite score of ≤42 [17]; (5) attending a local mainstream primary school
- Normal intelligence
- Able to follow instructions
- No experience in TKD or other martial arts.
Who cannot join
- Diagnosed with neurological or other movement disorders
- Diagnosed with psychiatric, congenital, sensory, musculoskeletal or cardiopulmonary disorders that can affect motor performance or skeletal development
- Receiving active treatment, including complementary and alternative medicine
- Demonstrating excessive disruptive behaviour.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Hong Kong1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
University of Hong Kong
Pokfulam
Shirley SM Fong, PT, PhD, 852-97090337, smfong@hku.hk
About this study
Official title: A Randomised Controlled Trial of the Effectiveness of Adapted Taekwondo Training on Skeletal Development and Motor Proficiency in Pre-pubertal Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder
Objectives: To evaluate the effects of a novel adapted Taekwondo (TKD) training programme on skeletal development and motor proficiency in pre-pubertal children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD).
Hypothesis: The TKD group participants will have improved skeletal development and motor proficiency outcomes after adapted TKD training compared with the controls.
Read more
Design and subjects: In this prospective, randomised, single-blinded controlled trial, approximately 104 children with DCD (6-9 years old) will be randomly assigned to either the adapted TKD group (n~52) or the control group (n~52).
Interventions: Subjects in the intervention group will receive adapted TKD training for 3 months (one supervised session/week plus daily home training, 1 hour per session), while subjects in the control group will receive no TKD training during the study period.
Study instruments and outcomes: Primary outcome measures: delay in skeletal development and motor proficiency will be measured by an ultrasonic bone age system and the Movement Assessment Battery for Children, respectively. Secondary outcome measures: eye-hand coordination and standing balance will be measured by a computerised finger pointing test and the Sensory Organisation Test, respectively (pre-, post- and follow-up measurements).
Data analysis: Data will be analysed via repeated-measure analysis of (co)variance followed by post-hoc tests, if appropriate (alpha = 0.05).
Read the detailed description
Objectives: To evaluate the effects of a novel adapted Taekwondo (TKD) training programme on skeletal development and motor proficiency in pre-pubertal children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD).
Hypothesis: The TKD group participants will have improved skeletal development and motor proficiency outcomes after adapted TKD training compared with the controls.
Design and subjects: In this prospective, randomised, single-blinded controlled trial, approximately 104 children with DCD (6-9 years old) will be randomly assigned to either the adapted TKD group (n~52) or the control group (n~52).
Interventions: Subjects in the intervention group will receive adapted TKD training for 3 months (one supervised session/week plus daily home training, 1 hour per session), while subjects in the control group will receive no TKD training during the study period.
Study instruments and outcomes: Primary outcome measures: delay in skeletal development and motor proficiency will be measured by an ultrasonic bone age system and the Movement Assessment Battery for Children, respectively. Secondary outcome measures: eye-hand coordination and standing balance will be measured by a computerised finger pointing test and the Sensory Organisation Test, respectively (pre-, post- and follow-up measurements).
Data analysis: Data will be analysed via repeated-measure analysis of (co)variance followed by post-hoc tests, if appropriate (alpha = 0.05).
Expected results: Based on the results of our pilot study, the investigators expect that the subjects in the adapted TKD group will have improved skeletal development and motor proficiency outcomes after TKD training compared with the controls.
- Conditions
- Motor Skills Disorders
- Being tested
- Adapted Taekwondo training, Control
- Medical subject headings
- Motor Skills Disorders
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Adapted Taekwondo trainingBehavioural
Adapted Taekwondo training for beginners
ControlBehavioural
Daily jogging
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Adapted Taekwondo training | Experimental | An adapted TKD training regime which was developed by our research team [16] will be used in this study. This training programme is designed to train balance control, eye-hand coordination and facilitate skeletal development for children with DCD. The high-impact striking techniques (e.g., punching and blocking) incorporated in the programme may stimulate bone growth [15]. Subjects who are assigned to the TKD training group will attend a weekly 1-h session of TKD training that will be held at the University of Hong Kong for 12 weeks. All TKD training sessions will be conducted by a qualified World Taekwondo Federation black belt coach. Receives: Behavioral: Adapted Taekwondo training |
| Control | Active comparator | Subjects who are assigned to the DCD-control group will receive no TKD training during the study period. Instead, they will participate in jogging exercise daily (one hour per day) for 12 weeks. Participants will be encouraged to jog to school or other places every day, as appropriate. Pedometers will be used to monitor their exercise level and enhance habitual physical activity. The pedometer count (steps per day) will be documented in a log book by the parents. Signed log books will be returned to our research personnel after the intervention period. In addition, children with DCD in this group will receive an adapted TKD training menu and 12 training/demonstration sessions immediately after the follow-up testing is completed. Receives: Behavioral: Control |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Change in delay in skeletal development: ultrasonic bone age measurement
Measured: Change from baseline to 3 and 6 months
Secondary outcomes (2)
Change in eye-hand coordination: finger pointing test
Measured: Change from baseline to 3 and 6 months
Change in standing balance: Sensory Organisation Test
Measured: Change from baseline to 3 and 6 months
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted21 Dec 2015 (estimated)
- Study startDec 2015
- Primary completionDec 2019 (estimated)
- Study completionDec 2019 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Motor Skills DisordersStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by The University of Hong KongThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 104 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- The University of Hong Kong
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Shirley S.M. Fong, The University of Hong Kong
- Investigators
- Shirley SM Fong, PhD, Principal investigator, The University of Hong Kong
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02635711
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 01
- Status last verified
- Dec 2015
- First submitted
- 13 Dec 2015
- Last updated
- 21 Dec 2015
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 21 Dec 2015. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- A Randomised Controlled Trial of the Effectiveness of Adapted Taekwondo Training on Skeletal Development and Motor Proficiency in Pre-pubertal Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02635711
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 01
- Conditions
- Motor Skills Disorders
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Unknown status
- Enrolment
- 104 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- The University of Hong KongUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- Dec 2015
- Primary completion
- Dec 2019 (estimated)
- Study completion
- Dec 2019 (estimated)
- First posted
- 21 Dec 2015 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Objectives: To evaluate the effects of a novel adapted Taekwondo (TKD) training programme on skeletal development and motor proficiency in pre-pubertal children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD).
Hypothesis: The TKD group participants will have improved skeletal development and motor proficiency outcomes after adapted TKD training compared with the controls.
Design and subjects: In this prospective, randomised, single-blinded controlled trial, approximately 104 children with DCD (6-9 years old) will be randomly assigned to either the adapted TKD group (n~52) or the control group (n~52).
Interventions: Subjects in the intervention group will receive adapted TKD training for 3 months (one supervised session/week plus daily home training, 1 hour per session), while subjects in the control group will receive no TKD training during the study period.
Study instruments and outcomes: Primary outcome measures: delay in skeletal development and motor proficiency will be measured by an ultrasonic bone age system and the Movement Assessment Battery for Children, respectively. Secondary outcome measures: eye-hand coordination and standing balance will be measured by a computerised finger pointing test and the Sensory Organisation Test, respectively (pre-, post- and follow-up measurements).
Data analysis: Data will be analysed via repeated-measure analysis of (co)variance followed by post-hoc tests, if appropriate (alpha = 0.05).
Detailed description
Objectives: To evaluate the effects of a novel adapted Taekwondo (TKD) training programme on skeletal development and motor proficiency in pre-pubertal children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD).
Hypothesis: The TKD group participants will have improved skeletal development and motor proficiency outcomes after adapted TKD training compared with the controls.
Design and subjects: In this prospective, randomised, single-blinded controlled trial, approximately 104 children with DCD (6-9 years old) will be randomly assigned to either the adapted TKD group (n~52) or the control group (n~52).
Interventions: Subjects in the intervention group will receive adapted TKD training for 3 months (one supervised session/week plus daily home training, 1 hour per session), while subjects in the control group will receive no TKD training during the study period.
Study instruments and outcomes: Primary outcome measures: delay in skeletal development and motor proficiency will be measured by an ultrasonic bone age system and the Movement Assessment Battery for Children, respectively. Secondary outcome measures: eye-hand coordination and standing balance will be measured by a computerised finger pointing test and the Sensory Organisation Test, respectively (pre-, post- and follow-up measurements).
Data analysis: Data will be analysed via repeated-measure analysis of (co)variance followed by post-hoc tests, if appropriate (alpha = 0.05).
Expected results: Based on the results of our pilot study, the investigators expect that the subjects in the adapted TKD group will have improved skeletal development and motor proficiency outcomes after TKD training compared with the controls.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Adapted Taekwondo training | Experimental | Behavioral: Adapted Taekwondo trainingAn adapted TKD training regime which was developed by our research team [16] will be used in this study. This training programme is designed to train balance control, eye-hand coordination and facilitate skeletal development for children with DCD. The high-impact striking techniques (e.g., punching and blocking) incorporated in the programme may stimulate bone growth [15]. Subjects who are assigned to the TKD training group will attend a weekly 1-h session of TKD training that will be held at the University of Hong Kong for 12 weeks. All TKD training sessions will be conducted by a qualified World Taekwondo Federation black belt coach. |
| Control | Active comparator | Behavioral: ControlSubjects who are assigned to the DCD-control group will receive no TKD training during the study period. Instead, they will participate in jogging exercise daily (one hour per day) for 12 weeks. Participants will be encouraged to jog to school or other places every day, as appropriate. Pedometers will be used to monitor their exercise level and enhance habitual physical activity. The pedometer count (steps per day) will be documented in a log book by the parents. Signed log books will be returned to our research personnel after the intervention period. In addition, children with DCD in this group will receive an adapted TKD training menu and 12 training/demonstration sessions immediately after the follow-up testing is completed. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 6 to 9 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child
Key inclusion criteria (7 listed)
- Between 6 and 9 years of age
- In Tanner stage I (i.e., pre-pubertal - no pubic hair; boys: testicular volume <1.5 mL as measured by the water displacement test and small penis of <3 cm; girls: no glandular tissue/breasts not developed) as reported by the parents using sexual maturity diagrams [9]
- Diagnosed with DCD based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR or DSM-V) [1]
- A Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency gross motor composite score of ≤42 [17]; (5) attending a local mainstream primary school
- Normal intelligence
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Diagnosed with neurological or other movement disorders
- Diagnosed with psychiatric, congenital, sensory, musculoskeletal or cardiopulmonary disorders that can affect motor performance or skeletal development
- Receiving active treatment, including complementary and alternative medicine
- Demonstrating excessive disruptive behaviour.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Adapted Taekwondo trainingAdapted Taekwondo training for beginners | Behavioural | Adapted Taekwondo training |
| ControlDaily jogging | Behavioural | Control |
Primary outcome
Change in delay in skeletal development: ultrasonic bone age measurement
Time frame: Change from baseline to 3 and 6 months
2 secondary outcomes
Change in eye-hand coordination: finger pointing test
Time frame: Change from baseline to 3 and 6 months
Change in standing balance: Sensory Organisation Test
Time frame: Change from baseline to 3 and 6 months
Results and safety
Results are not available in the source record.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 21 Dec 2015.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Shirley SM Fong, PhD principal investigator
The University of Hong Kong
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Adapted Taekwondo training in people with Motor Skills Disorders, run by The University of Hong Kong at 1 site in Hong Kong.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 7 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: status not confirmed, as of the sponsor's last update on 21 Dec 2015. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Hong Kong. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Results are not available in the source record.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Shirley SM Fong, PhD (+85297090337, smfong@hku.hk), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Change in delay in skeletal development: ultrasonic bone age measurement (time frame: Change from baseline to 3 and 6 months). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 21 Dec 2015; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 1 Nov 2026.