FibromyalgiaNCT02652988
Home-based Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Fibromyalgia Patients
A study testing Active-tDCS in people with Fibromyalgia, run by Wolnei Caumo at 2 sites in Brazil.
Trial summary
In this phase II, randomized, double-blind clinical trial, the investigators intended to evaluate the home-based effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in patients with fibromyalgia. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 65 years, women only
- Conditions the study is for
- Fibromyalgia
- What is being tested?
- Active-tDCS
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 20 participants
- Where
- 2 sitesBrazil
- Study dates
- Jan 2016to 12 Jun 2018
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- Women only
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- have chronic pain fibromyalgia according to the criteria of the American College of Rheumatology
- Pain unresponsive to analgesics such as paracetamol, acetyl salicylic acid, Ibuprofen, Carisoprodol, Zanaflex (Tizanidine) and Codeine
- Give informed consent to participate after initial evaluation.
Who cannot join
- Pregnancy
- Treatment with carbamazepine and gabapentin
- The. Metallic implant in the brain
- Medical devices implanted in the brain
- Alcohol or drug abuse history in the last 6 months
- Suffering from severe depression (with score> 30 on the Beck Depression Inventory)
Show all 11Show fewer
- History of neurological disorders
- Unexplained fainting History
- History of head trauma or momentary loss of consciousness (self reported)
- Neurosurgery History
- Decompensated systemic diseases, and chronic inflammatory diseases (lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, renal failure and hepatitis).
Trial locations and contacts
2 sites in 1 country.
Brazil2 sites
Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre
Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90.450-120
Wolnei Caumo
Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul
About this study
Official title: Home-based Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Fibromyalgia Patients. Phase II, Randomized, Double-blind, Single-center Clinical Trial
In this phase II, randomized, double-blind clinical trial, the investigators intended to evaluate the home-based effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in patients with fibromyalgia. This syndrome affects between 3-5% of the population in an age group 40-60 years also occurring in childhood and old age. Reaches 3.4% of women and 0.5% of men. Fibromyalgia is a chronic widespread pain syndrome in various parts of the body. The neuromodulation techniques have as a principle produce inhibition or cortical arousal. The tDCS is a non-invasive brain stimulation method used to modulate the cortical excitability, using a low intensity direct current (1-2mA) directed to the scalp via the cathode and anode electrodes. The current reaches the cortex, producing hyperpolarization or depolarization of the axonal membrane potential. Evidence has shown that this method is presented as a technique able to alter cortical and subcortical neural networks. This technique has been used to treat psychiatric disorders such as depression, acute mania, bipolar affective disorder, panic, hallucinations, obsessive compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, withdrawal, rehabilitation after stroke, pain syndromes such as neuropathic pain, migraine, pancreatitis pain chronic and fibromyalgia. The tDCS is a low cost technique, with virtually no side effects and which exerts therapeutic effect by neuromodulatory pathways by distinct pathways activated by the drugs. In this scenario falls within the importance of developing this device for home use by fibromyalgia patients, since it is easy to use and thereby enables maintaining the benefit observed in studies performed and supervised frequently used in care centers. The use of tDCS over the long term is not feasible in hospital by patients demands, sometimes every day or more than once a week, removing the patient from their activities, and cost shifting and overload the healthcare system. Therefore, the objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of home-based tDCS in fibromyalgia patients in long-term treatment.
Read the detailed description
Will be included women aged between 18 and 65 years, chronic pain fibromyalgia according to the criteria of the American College of Rheumatology, pain unresponsive to analgesics such as paracetamol, acetylsalicylic acid, ibuprofen, Carisoprodol, Zanaflex (Tizanidine) and Codeine. And give informed consent to participate after initial evaluation. Primary outcome is to evaluate the effect of treatment with home-base tDCS in patients with fibromyalgia. Secondary outcomes are: compare the effect of active home-based tDCS and sham in cortical neurophysiological processes and subcortical to stimulation with TMS and standardized noxious stimuli with and without concomitant conditioned Pain Modulation (CPM) in pain threshold outcomes to the test mechanical pressure, heat-algesic stimulus, cortical excitability parameters [evoked rest motor (MEP) MEP enough to evoke amplitude of 1 mV peak to peak, silent period (SP), motor threshold (MT), variation in blood volume and oxygenation cortical motor area [oxy-hemoglobin concentrations (Hbo) / deoxy-hemoglobin (HBr)] optically functional neuroimaging (NIRS) and variation in the frequency of alpha and beta waves of motor area stimulated by tDCS assessed by electroencephalogram (EEG). In surrogate outcome, the investigators will compare the effect of active home-sham tDCS the tDCS in pain levels and functional capacity, catastrophic thinking, bookmark levels of neurotrophic activity (BDNF) and astrocytic (S100 beta).
- Conditions
- Fibromyalgia
- Being tested
- Active-tDCS, Sham-tDCS
- Keywords
- tDCS, chronic pain, fibromyalgia
- Medical subject headings
- Fibromyalgia, Chronic Pain
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Active-tDCSOther
Active home-based tDCS applied at home.
Sham-tDCSOther
Sham home-based tDCS applied at home.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Active-tDCs | Active comparator | 17 patients will receive Active-tDCS intervention (2mA, 30 min) at home. Receives: Other: Active-tDCS |
| Sham-tDCS | Sham comparator | 17 patients will receive Sham-tDCS intervention (2mA, 30 min) at home. Receives: Other: Sham-tDCS |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Pain level in fibromyalgia patients using home-based tDCS
Evaluate the level of pain in fibromyalgia patients before and after each home-based tDCS session. We will use numerical pain scale to do that.
Measured: Ffive days per week, during 12 weeks.
Secondary outcomes (4)
Serum levels of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF)
Measurement of serum levels of BDNF pre and pos application of home-based application of home-based tDCS
Measured: 2 days
Serum levels of calcium-binding protein B (S100B)
Measurement of serum levels of S100B pre and pos application of home-based tDCS
Measured: 2 days
Functional capacity
Measurement of functional capacity pre and pos application of home-based tDCS with functional capacity scale in chronic pain.
Measured: 2 days
Catastrophic thinking
Measurement of catastrophic thinking pre and pos application of home-based tDCS with catastrophizing scale.
Measured: 2 days
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted12 Jan 2016 (estimated)
- Study startJan 2016
- Primary completion1 May 2018
- Study completion12 Jun 2018
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (24)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for FibromyalgiaStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Investigator
- Enrolment
- 20 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Wolnei Caumo
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor-investigator, Wolnei Caumo, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre
- Investigators
- Wolnei S Calmo, Ph.D, Principal investigator, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02652988
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 14-0471
- Status last verified
- Aug 2018
- First submitted
- 28 Oct 2015
- Last updated
- 3 Aug 2018
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
Publications
Arnold LM. Biology and therapy of fibromyalgia. New therapies in fibromyalgia. Arthritis Res Ther. 2006;8(4):212. doi: 10.1186/ar1971.
PubMed 16762044Ablin J, Fitzcharles MA, Buskila D, Shir Y, Sommer C, Hauser W. Treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome: recommendations of recent evidence-based interdisciplinary guidelines with special emphasis on complementary and alternative therapies. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:485272. doi: 10.1155/2013/485272. Epub 2013 Nov 21.
PubMed 24348701Bigatti SM, Hernandez AM, Cronan TA, Rand KL. Sleep disturbances in fibromyalgia syndrome: relationship to pain and depression. Arthritis Rheum. 2008 Jul 15;59(7):961-7. doi: 10.1002/art.23828.
PubMed 18576297Boggio PS, Rigonatti SP, Ribeiro RB, Myczkowski ML, Nitsche MA, Pascual-Leone A, Fregni F. A randomized, double-blind clinical trial on the efficacy of cortical direct current stimulation for the treatment of major depression. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2008 Mar;11(2):249-54. doi: 10.1017/S1461145707007833. Epub 2007 Jun 11.
PubMed 17559710Bradley LA, Wohlreich MM, Wang F, Gaynor PJ, Robinson MJ, D'Souza DN, Mease PJ. Pain response profile of patients with fibromyalgia treated with duloxetine. Clin J Pain. 2010 Jul-Aug;26(6):498-504. doi: 10.1097/AJP.0b013e3181dee80e.
PubMed 20551724Bymaster FP, Dreshfield-Ahmad LJ, Threlkeld PG, Shaw JL, Thompson L, Nelson DL, Hemrick-Luecke SK, Wong DT. Comparative affinity of duloxetine and venlafaxine for serotonin and norepinephrine transporters in vitro and in vivo, human serotonin receptor subtypes, and other neuronal receptors. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2001 Dec;25(6):871-80. doi: 10.1016/S0893-133X(01)00298-6.
PubMed 11750180Burgmer M, Pogatzki-Zahn E, Gaubitz M, Wessoleck E, Heuft G, Pfleiderer B. Altered brain activity during pain processing in fibromyalgia. Neuroimage. 2009 Jan 15;44(2):502-8. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.09.008. Epub 2008 Sep 24.
PubMed 18848998Clauw DJ. Fibromyalgia: an overview. Am J Med. 2009 Dec;122(12 Suppl):S3-S13. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2009.09.006.
PubMed 19962494Chappell AS, Bradley LA, Wiltse C, Detke MJ, D'Souza DN, Spaeth M. A six-month double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial of duloxetine for the treatment of fibromyalgia. Int J Gen Med. 2008 Nov 30;1:91-102. doi: 10.2147/ijgm.s3979.
PubMed 20428412Chen R, Samii A, Canos M, Wassermann EM, Hallett M. Effects of phenytoin on cortical excitability in humans. Neurology. 1997 Sep;49(3):881-3. doi: 10.1212/wnl.49.3.881.
PubMed 9305361Fregni F, Gimenes R, Valle AC, Ferreira MJ, Rocha RR, Natalle L, Bravo R, Rigonatti SP, Freedman SD, Nitsche MA, Pascual-Leone A, Boggio PS. A randomized, sham-controlled, proof of principle study of transcranial direct current stimulation for the treatment of pain in fibromyalgia. Arthritis Rheum. 2006 Dec;54(12):3988-98. doi: 10.1002/art.22195.
PubMed 17133529Fregni F, Boggio PS, Nitsche MA, Marcolin MA, Rigonatti SP, Pascual-Leone A. Treatment of major depression with transcranial direct current stimulation. Bipolar Disord. 2006 Apr;8(2):203-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-5618.2006.00291.x. No abstract available.
PubMed 16542193Fregni F, Boggio PS, Nitsche M, Pascual-Leone A. Transcranial direct current stimulation. Br J Psychiatry. 2005 May;186:446-7. doi: 10.1192/bjp.186.5.446. No abstract available.
PubMed 15863752Giesecke T, Williams DA, Harris RE, Cupps TR, Tian X, Tian TX, Gracely RH, Clauw DJ. Subgrouping of fibromyalgia patients on the basis of pressure-pain thresholds and psychological factors. Arthritis Rheum. 2003 Oct;48(10):2916-22. doi: 10.1002/art.11272.
PubMed 14558098Harris RE, Clauw DJ. Newer treatments for fibromyalgia syndrome. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2008 Dec;4(6):1331-42. doi: 10.2147/tcrm.s3396.
PubMed 19337439
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 3 Aug 2018. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Home-based Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Fibromyalgia Patients. Phase II, Randomized, Double-blind, Single-center Clinical Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02652988
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 14-0471
- Conditions
- Fibromyalgia
- Keywords
- tDCS, chronic pain, fibromyalgia
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 20 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Wolnei CaumoUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- Jan 2016
- Primary completion
- 1 May 2018 (actual)
- Study completion
- 12 Jun 2018 (actual)
- First posted
- 12 Jan 2016 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
In this phase II, randomized, double-blind clinical trial, the investigators intended to evaluate the home-based effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in patients with fibromyalgia. This syndrome affects between 3-5% of the population in an age group 40-60 years also occurring in childhood and old age. Reaches 3.4% of women and 0.5% of men. Fibromyalgia is a chronic widespread pain syndrome in various parts of the body. The neuromodulation techniques have as a principle produce inhibition or cortical arousal. The tDCS is a non-invasive brain stimulation method used to modulate the cortical excitability, using a low intensity direct current (1-2mA) directed to the scalp via the cathode and anode electrodes. The current reaches the cortex, producing hyperpolarization or depolarization of the axonal membrane potential. Evidence has shown that this method is presented as a technique able to alter cortical and subcortical neural networks. This technique has been used to treat psychiatric disorders such as depression, acute mania, bipolar affective disorder, panic, hallucinations, obsessive compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, withdrawal, rehabilitation after stroke, pain syndromes such as neuropathic pain, migraine, pancreatitis pain chronic and fibromyalgia. The tDCS is a low cost technique, with virtually no side effects and which exerts therapeutic effect by neuromodulatory pathways by distinct pathways activated by the drugs. In this scenario falls within the importance of developing this device for home use by fibromyalgia patients, since it is easy to use and thereby enables maintaining the benefit observed in studies performed and supervised frequently used in care centers. The use of tDCS over the long term is not feasible in hospital by patients demands, sometimes every day or more than once a week, removing the patient from their activities, and cost shifting and overload the healthcare system. Therefore, the objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of home-based tDCS in fibromyalgia patients in long-term treatment.
Detailed description
Will be included women aged between 18 and 65 years, chronic pain fibromyalgia according to the criteria of the American College of Rheumatology, pain unresponsive to analgesics such as paracetamol, acetylsalicylic acid, ibuprofen, Carisoprodol, Zanaflex (Tizanidine) and Codeine. And give informed consent to participate after initial evaluation. Primary outcome is to evaluate the effect of treatment with home-base tDCS in patients with fibromyalgia. Secondary outcomes are: compare the effect of active home-based tDCS and sham in cortical neurophysiological processes and subcortical to stimulation with TMS and standardized noxious stimuli with and without concomitant conditioned Pain Modulation (CPM) in pain threshold outcomes to the test mechanical pressure, heat-algesic stimulus, cortical excitability parameters [evoked rest motor (MEP) MEP enough to evoke amplitude of 1 mV peak to peak, silent period (SP), motor threshold (MT), variation in blood volume and oxygenation cortical motor area [oxy-hemoglobin concentrations (Hbo) / deoxy-hemoglobin (HBr)] optically functional neuroimaging (NIRS) and variation in the frequency of alpha and beta waves of motor area stimulated by tDCS assessed by electroencephalogram (EEG). In surrogate outcome, the investigators will compare the effect of active home-sham tDCS the tDCS in pain levels and functional capacity, catastrophic thinking, bookmark levels of neurotrophic activity (BDNF) and astrocytic (S100 beta).
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, investigator)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Active-tDCs | Active comparator | Other: Active-tDCS17 patients will receive Active-tDCS intervention (2mA, 30 min) at home. |
| Sham-tDCS | Sham comparator | Other: Sham-tDCS17 patients will receive Sham-tDCS intervention (2mA, 30 min) at home. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 65 years
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- have chronic pain fibromyalgia according to the criteria of the American College of Rheumatology
- Pain unresponsive to analgesics such as paracetamol, acetyl salicylic acid, Ibuprofen, Carisoprodol, Zanaflex (Tizanidine) and Codeine
- Give informed consent to participate after initial evaluation.
Key exclusion criteria (11 listed)
- Pregnancy
- Treatment with carbamazepine and gabapentin
- The. Metallic implant in the brain
- Medical devices implanted in the brain
- Alcohol or drug abuse history in the last 6 months
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Active-tDCSActive home-based tDCS applied at home. | Other | Active-tDCs |
| Sham-tDCSSham home-based tDCS applied at home. | Other | Sham-tDCS |
Primary outcome
Pain level in fibromyalgia patients using home-based tDCS
Time frame: Ffive days per week, during 12 weeks.
Evaluate the level of pain in fibromyalgia patients before and after each home-based tDCS session. We will use numerical pain scale to do that.
4 secondary outcomes
Serum levels of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF)
Time frame: 2 days
Serum levels of calcium-binding protein B (S100B)
Time frame: 2 days
Functional capacity
Time frame: 2 days
Catastrophic thinking
Time frame: 2 days
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 3 Aug 2018.
- Background: PubMed 16762044Arnold LM. Biology and therapy of fibromyalgia. New therapies in fibromyalgia. Arthritis Res Ther. 2006;8(4):212. doi: 10.1186/ar1971.
- Background: PubMed 24348701Ablin J, Fitzcharles MA, Buskila D, Shir Y, Sommer C, Hauser W. Treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome: recommendations of recent evidence-based interdisciplinary guidelines with special emphasis on complementary and alternative therapies. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:485272. doi: 10.1155/2013/485272. Epub 2013 Nov 21.
- Background: PubMed 18576297Bigatti SM, Hernandez AM, Cronan TA, Rand KL. Sleep disturbances in fibromyalgia syndrome: relationship to pain and depression. Arthritis Rheum. 2008 Jul 15;59(7):961-7. doi: 10.1002/art.23828.
- Background: PubMed 17559710Boggio PS, Rigonatti SP, Ribeiro RB, Myczkowski ML, Nitsche MA, Pascual-Leone A, Fregni F. A randomized, double-blind clinical trial on the efficacy of cortical direct current stimulation for the treatment of major depression. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2008 Mar;11(2):249-54. doi: 10.1017/S1461145707007833. Epub 2007 Jun 11.
- Background: PubMed 20551724Bradley LA, Wohlreich MM, Wang F, Gaynor PJ, Robinson MJ, D'Souza DN, Mease PJ. Pain response profile of patients with fibromyalgia treated with duloxetine. Clin J Pain. 2010 Jul-Aug;26(6):498-504. doi: 10.1097/AJP.0b013e3181dee80e.
- Background: PubMed 11750180Bymaster FP, Dreshfield-Ahmad LJ, Threlkeld PG, Shaw JL, Thompson L, Nelson DL, Hemrick-Luecke SK, Wong DT. Comparative affinity of duloxetine and venlafaxine for serotonin and norepinephrine transporters in vitro and in vivo, human serotonin receptor subtypes, and other neuronal receptors. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2001 Dec;25(6):871-80. doi: 10.1016/S0893-133X(01)00298-6.
- Background: PubMed 18848998Burgmer M, Pogatzki-Zahn E, Gaubitz M, Wessoleck E, Heuft G, Pfleiderer B. Altered brain activity during pain processing in fibromyalgia. Neuroimage. 2009 Jan 15;44(2):502-8. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.09.008. Epub 2008 Sep 24.
- Background: PubMed 19962494Clauw DJ. Fibromyalgia: an overview. Am J Med. 2009 Dec;122(12 Suppl):S3-S13. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2009.09.006.
- Background: PubMed 20428412Chappell AS, Bradley LA, Wiltse C, Detke MJ, D'Souza DN, Spaeth M. A six-month double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial of duloxetine for the treatment of fibromyalgia. Int J Gen Med. 2008 Nov 30;1:91-102. doi: 10.2147/ijgm.s3979.
- Background: PubMed 9305361Chen R, Samii A, Canos M, Wassermann EM, Hallett M. Effects of phenytoin on cortical excitability in humans. Neurology. 1997 Sep;49(3):881-3. doi: 10.1212/wnl.49.3.881.
- Background: PubMed 17133529Fregni F, Gimenes R, Valle AC, Ferreira MJ, Rocha RR, Natalle L, Bravo R, Rigonatti SP, Freedman SD, Nitsche MA, Pascual-Leone A, Boggio PS. A randomized, sham-controlled, proof of principle study of transcranial direct current stimulation for the treatment of pain in fibromyalgia. Arthritis Rheum. 2006 Dec;54(12):3988-98. doi: 10.1002/art.22195.
- Background: PubMed 16542193Fregni F, Boggio PS, Nitsche MA, Marcolin MA, Rigonatti SP, Pascual-Leone A. Treatment of major depression with transcranial direct current stimulation. Bipolar Disord. 2006 Apr;8(2):203-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-5618.2006.00291.x. No abstract available.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Wolnei S Calmo, Ph.D principal investigator
Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre
2 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Active-tDCS in people with Fibromyalgia, run by Wolnei Caumo at 2 sites in Brazil.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 11 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 3 Aug 2018. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 2 sites in Brazil. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Pain level in fibromyalgia patients using home-based tDCS (time frame: Ffive days per week, during 12 weeks.). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT02652988, which also lists 24 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 3 Aug 2018.