Physical ActivityNCT02717663
WalkIT Arizona: Walking Interventions Through Texting
A study testing Adaptive Goals, Static Goals and Delayed (non-contingent) Incentives in people with Physical Activity and Behavior, run by Arizona State University at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
The purpose of this study is to develop adaptive (AI) and micro-incentive (MI) interventions and test them against static (SI) and delayed-incentive (DI) interventions in a 4-arm randomized factorial trial to increase MVPA adoption and maintenance among inactive adults. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 60 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Physical Activity, Behavior, Goals
- What is being tested?
- Adaptive Goals, Static Goals and Delayed (non-contingent) Incentives
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 512 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- May 2016to Aug 2020
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 60 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- women and men of all races/ethnicities living in Maricopa County, Arizona
Who cannot join
- Live in one of the eligible neighborhood quadrants in Maricopa County, Arizona
- Adult men and women between 18 and 60 years old
- Inactive as screened by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) short form and confirmed by baseline accelerometer measures
- No history of heart failure or type 2 diabetes
- No contraindications to exercise testing or requirement for medically supervised exercise (assessed by Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire+ (PAR-Q+).
- Not currently pregnant and not planning to becoming pregnant in the next 2 years
Show all 12Show fewer
- Not currently participating in physical activity, diet, or weight loss programs
- Daily access to a mobile phone with text messaging capabilities or an iOS or Android smartphone
- Willing to wear a small accelerometer on the wrist daily for 1 year
- Willing to send and receive 2-3 text messages per day for 1 year
- Not planning to be outside of Maricopa County for > 30 days consecutively in the next 2 years
- Not planning to move from their current home in the next 2 years
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: WalkIT: Neighborhood Walkability and Moderation of Adaptive Walking Interventions
The purpose of this study is to develop adaptive (AI) and micro-incentive (MI) interventions and test them against static (SI) and delayed-incentive (DI) interventions in a 4-arm randomized factorial trial to increase MVPA adoption and maintenance among inactive adults. Using neighborhood walkability and socioeconomic status, participants will be recruited from four neighborhood types: "high walkable/high SES," "high walkable/low SES," "low walkable/high SES," and "low walkable/low SES." We will evaluate synergistic or antagonistic effects of interventions and neighborhood factors on MVPA adoption by 12 months and maintenance by 24 months.
- Conditions
- Physical Activity, Behavior, Goals
- Being tested
- Adaptive Goals, Static Goals, Delayed (non-contingent) Incentives, Immediate Micro-Incentives
- Keywords
- Reinforcement, Walking, Exercise, Built Environment, Adaptive, Financial incentive, Walkability
- Medical subject headings
- Motor Activity, Behavior
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Adaptive GoalsBehavioural
Prescribed goals change daily based on participant's performance
Static GoalsBehavioural
Prescribed goals remain the same throughout study
Delayed (non-contingent) IncentivesBehavioural
Incentives are provided on bi-monthly basis for participation
Immediate Micro-IncentivesBehavioural
Incentives are provided immediately for each goal attained
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Static goals with delayed incentives | Experimental | Participants will receive static physical activity goals with delayed, non-contingent incentives Receives: Behavioral: Static Goals; Behavioral: Delayed (non-contingent) Incentives |
| Adaptive goals with delayed incentives | Experimental | Participants will receive adaptive physical activity goals with delayed, non-contingent incentives Receives: Behavioral: Adaptive Goals; Behavioral: Delayed (non-contingent) Incentives |
| Static goals with immediate rewards | Experimental | Participants will receive static physical activity goals with immediate rewards Receives: Behavioral: Static Goals; Behavioral: Immediate Micro-Incentives |
| Adaptive goals with immediate rewards | Experimental | Participants will receive adaptive physical activity goals with immediate rewards Receives: Behavioral: Adaptive Goals; Behavioral: Immediate Micro-Incentives |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Change in mean ActiGraph accelerometer-derived moderate-to-vigorous physical activity min/day (MVPA min/day) between study arms.
Measured: 12 months
Change in mean ActiGraph accelerometer-derived moderate-to-vigorous physical activity min/day (MVPA min/day) across high walkable (vs. low walkable) neighborhoods by 12 months.
Measured: 12 months
Change in mean ActiGraph accelerometer-derived moderate-to-vigorous physical activity min/day (MVPA min/day) across high walkable (vs. low walkable) neighborhoods by 24 months
Measured: 24 months
Secondary outcomes (2)
Change in mean fitness (VO2max measured by treadmill test) between study arms.
Measured: 12 months
Change in self-reported physical activity measured by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ).
Measured: 12 months
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted24 Mar 2016 (estimated)
- Study startMay 2016
- Primary completionAug 2020
- Study completionAug 2020
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (3)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Physical ActivityStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Factorial
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 512 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Arizona State University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- National Cancer Institute (NCI)
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Marc Adams, PhD, MPH, Arizona State University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02717663
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- R01CA198915
- Other IDs
- R01CA198915
- Status last verified
- Oct 2021
- First submitted
- 10 Mar 2016
- Last updated
- 28 Oct 2021
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
McEntee ML, Hurley JC, Phillips CB, Hooker SP, Todd M, Frank LD, Adams MA. The moderating impact of neighborhood walkability on mHealth interventions to increase moderate to vigorous physical activity for insufficiently active adults in a randomized trial. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2023 Aug 15;20(1):97. doi: 10.1186/s12966-023-01494-2.
PubMed 37582736Adams MA, Todd M, Angadi SS, Hurley JC, Stecher C, Berardi V, Phillips CB, McEntee ML, Hovell MF, Hooker SP. Adaptive Goals and Reinforcement Timing to Increase Physical Activity in Adults: A Factorial Randomized Trial. Am J Prev Med. 2022 Feb;62(2):e57-e68. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2021.09.014. Epub 2021 Dec 8.
PubMed 35000693McEntee ML, Cantley A, Foreman E, Berardi V, Phillips CB, Hurley JC, Hovell MF, Hooker S, Adams MA. Effects of Goal Type and Reinforcement Type on Self-Reported Domain-Specific Walking Among Inactive Adults: 2x2 Factorial Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Form Res. 2020 Dec 4;4(12):e19863. doi: 10.2196/19863.
PubMed 33275107
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 28 Oct 2021. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- WalkIT: Neighborhood Walkability and Moderation of Adaptive Walking Interventions
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02717663
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- R01CA198915
- Conditions
- Physical Activity, Behavior, Goals
- Keywords
- Reinforcement, Walking, Exercise, Built Environment, Adaptive, Financial incentive, Walkability
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 512 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Arizona State UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- National Cancer Institute (NCI)
- Study start
- May 2016 (actual)
- Primary completion
- Aug 2020 (actual)
- Study completion
- Aug 2020 (actual)
- First posted
- 24 Mar 2016 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The purpose of this study is to develop adaptive (AI) and micro-incentive (MI) interventions and test them against static (SI) and delayed-incentive (DI) interventions in a 4-arm randomized factorial trial to increase MVPA adoption and maintenance among inactive adults. Using neighborhood walkability and socioeconomic status, participants will be recruited from four neighborhood types: "high walkable/high SES," "high walkable/low SES," "low walkable/high SES," and "low walkable/low SES." We will evaluate synergistic or antagonistic effects of interventions and neighborhood factors on MVPA adoption by 12 months and maintenance by 24 months.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Factorial
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 4
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Static goals with delayed incentives | Experimental | Behavioral: Static Goals, Behavioral: Delayed (non-contingent) IncentivesParticipants will receive static physical activity goals with delayed, non-contingent incentives |
| Adaptive goals with delayed incentives | Experimental | Behavioral: Adaptive Goals, Behavioral: Delayed (non-contingent) IncentivesParticipants will receive adaptive physical activity goals with delayed, non-contingent incentives |
| Static goals with immediate rewards | Experimental | Behavioral: Static Goals, Behavioral: Immediate Micro-IncentivesParticipants will receive static physical activity goals with immediate rewards |
| Adaptive goals with immediate rewards | Experimental | Behavioral: Adaptive Goals, Behavioral: Immediate Micro-IncentivesParticipants will receive adaptive physical activity goals with immediate rewards |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 60 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- women and men of all races/ethnicities living in Maricopa County, Arizona
Key exclusion criteria (12 listed)
- Live in one of the eligible neighborhood quadrants in Maricopa County, Arizona
- Adult men and women between 18 and 60 years old
- Inactive as screened by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) short form and confirmed by baseline accelerometer measures
- No history of heart failure or type 2 diabetes
- No contraindications to exercise testing or requirement for medically supervised exercise (assessed by Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire+ (PAR-Q+).
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Adaptive GoalsPrescribed goals change daily based on participant's performance | Behavioural | Adaptive goals with delayed incentives, Adaptive goals with immediate rewards |
| Static GoalsPrescribed goals remain the same throughout study | Behavioural | Static goals with delayed incentives, Static goals with immediate rewards |
| Delayed (non-contingent) IncentivesIncentives are provided on bi-monthly basis for participation | Behavioural | Adaptive goals with delayed incentives, Static goals with delayed incentives |
| Immediate Micro-IncentivesIncentives are provided immediately for each goal attained | Behavioural | Adaptive goals with immediate rewards, Static goals with immediate rewards |
Primary outcome
Change in mean ActiGraph accelerometer-derived moderate-to-vigorous physical activity min/day (MVPA min/day) between study arms.
Time frame: 12 months
Change in mean ActiGraph accelerometer-derived moderate-to-vigorous physical activity min/day (MVPA min/day) across high walkable (vs. low walkable) neighborhoods by 12 months.
Time frame: 12 months
Change in mean ActiGraph accelerometer-derived moderate-to-vigorous physical activity min/day (MVPA min/day) across high walkable (vs. low walkable) neighborhoods by 24 months
Time frame: 24 months
2 secondary outcomes
Change in mean fitness (VO2max measured by treadmill test) between study arms.
Time frame: 12 months
Change in self-reported physical activity measured by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ).
Time frame: 12 months
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 28 Oct 2021.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 37582736McEntee ML, Hurley JC, Phillips CB, Hooker SP, Todd M, Frank LD, Adams MA. The moderating impact of neighborhood walkability on mHealth interventions to increase moderate to vigorous physical activity for insufficiently active adults in a randomized trial. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2023 Aug 15;20(1):97. doi: 10.1186/s12966-023-01494-2.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 35000693Adams MA, Todd M, Angadi SS, Hurley JC, Stecher C, Berardi V, Phillips CB, McEntee ML, Hovell MF, Hooker SP. Adaptive Goals and Reinforcement Timing to Increase Physical Activity in Adults: A Factorial Randomized Trial. Am J Prev Med. 2022 Feb;62(2):e57-e68. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2021.09.014. Epub 2021 Dec 8.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 33275107McEntee ML, Cantley A, Foreman E, Berardi V, Phillips CB, Hurley JC, Hovell MF, Hooker S, Adams MA. Effects of Goal Type and Reinforcement Type on Self-Reported Domain-Specific Walking Among Inactive Adults: 2x2 Factorial Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Form Res. 2020 Dec 4;4(12):e19863. doi: 10.2196/19863.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Adaptive Goals, Static Goals and Delayed (non-contingent) Incentives in people with Physical Activity and Behavior, run by Arizona State University at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 12 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 28 Oct 2021. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Change in mean ActiGraph accelerometer-derived moderate-to-vigorous physical activity min/day (MVPA min/day) between study arms. (time frame: 12 months). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT02717663, which also lists 3 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 28 Oct 2021.