Eosinophilic EsophagitisNCT02881372
EoE Food Desensitization
A study testing Oral food desensitization in people with Eosinophilic Esophagitis, run by The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
This is a single-center, prospective, pilot clinical trial in which children ages 3-17 years with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) who have a known food that triggers EoE flares receive oral desensitization with that specific food antigen, followed by reintroduction of that food into the diet. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 3 to 17 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Eosinophilic Esophagitis
- What is being tested?
- Oral food desensitization
- Type of treatment
- Pill or oral medicine
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 0 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 8 Aug 2018to May 2023
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 3 to 17 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child
Who may be able to join
- Pediatric patient, ages 3-17 years, with known diagnosis of EoE based upon esophageal biopsy demonstrating ≥15 eos/hpf and lack of symptomatic or histological response to PPI therapy and/or normal esophageal pH evaluation.
- Known or suspected flare-inducing food trigger based upon supporting histological evidence.
- Already undergoing a baseline EGD followed by food reintroduction and repeat EGD, as standard of care at the recommendation of the child's gastroenterologist.
- Signed informed consent for the subject's participation in the study provided by the parent/ legal guardian and child/adolescent assent for subjects 7-17 years.
- Assent by the patient's pediatric gastroenterologist for the patient's participation in the study.
Who cannot join
- Presence of other disorders associated with similar clinical, histological or endoscopic features, such as PPI-responsive esophageal eosinophilia, esophageal eosinophilia associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), Crohn's disease, infectious esophagitis (i.e. herpes simplex virus or candida), drug-associated esophagitis, collagen vascular disease, hypereosinophilic syndrome and eosinophilic gastroenteritis.
- Previous or current diagnosis of cancer or leukemia.
- History of chemotherapy within the past 3 months.
- History of esophageal stricture or food impaction.
- History of anaphylaxis or other severe adverse reaction to the specific food trigger being tested.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
University of Texas Health Science Center
Houston, Texas, 77030
About this study
Official title: Safety and Feasibility of Oral Food Desensitization in Children With Eosinophilic Esophagitis
This is a single-center, prospective, pilot clinical trial in which children ages 3-17 years with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) who have a known food that triggers EoE flares receive oral desensitization with that specific food antigen, followed by reintroduction of that food into the diet. The purpose of this study is to investigate the safety and feasibility of oral desensitization in children with EoE so that, if determined to be safe, can be repeated on a larger scale to determine efficacy.
Read the detailed description
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a clinicopathologic disorder of the esophagus triggered by food and/or environmental allergens and is characterized by symptoms of esophageal dysfunction and eosinophilia of the esophagus. Current therapy is centered on controlling inflammation with steroids and/or food antigen avoidance. Such treatment options have significant side effects and reduce quality of life, especially in children. The purpose of the study is to discover a way for flare-provoking foods to be reintroduced into the child's diet without the need for medical therapy.
The study would involve children ages 3-17 years with biopsy-proven EoE who have a known flare-inducing food trigger. Following baseline blood work and esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), the investigators will initiate oral desensitization treatment in which the child swallows a spray solution containing his or her specific food allergen extract in increasing concentrations twice daily for 4 months. The next phase of the study would involve reintroduction of the actual food for 4 weeks followed by repeat blood work and EGD. Success would be defined by having a peak eosinophil count <15 per high power field on the final esophageal biopsy.
Oral food desensitization has been well-studied in patients with food allergies but never in patients with pre-existing EoE. In those studies, the adverse events included mild reactions, such as watery eyes, rhinitis, sneezing, throat pruritus, transient erythema and abdominal pain. These reactions usually did not require stopping desensitization and were well controlled by antihistamines and steroids. Benefits include children having a less restricted diet and eliminating the need for steroid therapy. This study should yield valuable information regarding the management of EoE, thereby improving the current understanding of its pathogenesis.
- Conditions
- Eosinophilic Esophagitis
- Being tested
- Oral food desensitization
- Keywords
- oral food desensitization, food elimination, food reintroduction
- Medical subject headings
- Eosinophilic Esophagitis
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Oral food desensitizationOther
The child's specific food antigen will be diluted in a 50% glycerin/water solution containing ascorbic acid (Vitamin C). This oral spray solution will need to be administered twice a day, every day for a total of 4 months
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Oral food desensitization | Experimental | All of the children enrolled in the study will receive oral food desensitization with his or her specific EoE flare-inducing food antigen (e.g. cow's milk protein). The food antigen will be diluted in a 50% glycerin/water solution containing ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) to stabilize and preserve the solution. This oral spray will need to be administered twice a day, every day for a total of 4 months. Receives: Other: Oral food desensitization |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Peak eosinophil count on esophageal biopsy
Remission of esophageal eosinophilia as defined by having <15 eosinophils per high power field on peak esophageal biopsy
Measured: 5 months
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted29 Aug 2016 (estimated)
- Study start8 Aug 2018
- Primary completionMay 2023 (estimated)
- Study completionMay 2023 (estimated)
Why it stopped: lack of recruitment
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (17)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Eosinophilic EsophagitisStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 0 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Tu Thanh Mai, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston
- Investigators
- Marc Rhoads, MD, Study director, University of Texas
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02881372
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- HSC-MS-17-0391
- Status last verified
- May 2024
- First submitted
- 11 Aug 2016
- Last updated
- 9 May 2024
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Furuta GT, Liacouras CA, Collins MH, Gupta SK, Justinich C, Putnam PE, Bonis P, Hassall E, Straumann A, Rothenberg ME; First International Gastrointestinal Eosinophil Research Symposium (FIGERS) Subcommittees. Eosinophilic esophagitis in children and adults: a systematic review and consensus recommendations for diagnosis and treatment. Gastroenterology. 2007 Oct;133(4):1342-63. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2007.08.017. Epub 2007 Aug 8.
PubMed 17919504Gupta SK. Noninvasive markers of eosinophilic esophagitis. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 2008 Jan;18(1):157-67; xi. doi: 10.1016/j.giec.2007.09.004.
PubMed 18061109Arias A, Perez-Martinez I, Tenias JM, Lucendo AJ. Systematic review with meta-analysis: the incidence and prevalence of eosinophilic oesophagitis in children and adults in population-based studies. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2016 Jan;43(1):3-15. doi: 10.1111/apt.13441. Epub 2015 Oct 28.
PubMed 26510832Dellon ES, Gonsalves N, Hirano I, Furuta GT, Liacouras CA, Katzka DA; American College of Gastroenterology. ACG clinical guideline: Evidenced based approach to the diagnosis and management of esophageal eosinophilia and eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). Am J Gastroenterol. 2013 May;108(5):679-92; quiz 693. doi: 10.1038/ajg.2013.71. Epub 2013 Apr 9.
PubMed 23567357Cianferoni A, Spergel JM. Immunotherapeutic approaches for the treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis. Immunotherapy. 2014;6(3):321-31. doi: 10.2217/imt.14.3.
PubMed 24762076Simon D, Cianferoni A, Spergel JM, Aceves S, Holbreich M, Venter C, Rothenberg ME, Terreehorst I, Muraro A, Lucendo AJ, Schoepfer A, Straumann A, Simon HU. Eosinophilic esophagitis is characterized by a non-IgE-mediated food hypersensitivity. Allergy. 2016 May;71(5):611-20. doi: 10.1111/all.12846. Epub 2016 Feb 25.
PubMed 26799684Schlag C, Miehlke S, Heiseke A, Brockow K, Krug A, von Arnim U, Straumann A, Vieth M, Bussmann C, Mueller R, Greinwald R, Bajbouj M. Peripheral blood eosinophils and other non-invasive biomarkers can monitor treatment response in eosinophilic oesophagitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2015 Nov;42(9):1122-30. doi: 10.1111/apt.13386. Epub 2015 Aug 27.
PubMed 26314389Kagalwalla AF, Shah A, Li BU, Sentongo TA, Ritz S, Manuel-Rubio M, Jacques K, Wang D, Melin-Aldana H, Nelson SP. Identification of specific foods responsible for inflammation in children with eosinophilic esophagitis successfully treated with empiric elimination diet. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2011 Aug;53(2):145-9. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0b013e31821cf503.
PubMed 21788754Molina-Infante J, Arias A, Barrio J, Rodriguez-Sanchez J, Sanchez-Cazalilla M, Lucendo AJ. Four-food group elimination diet for adult eosinophilic esophagitis: A prospective multicenter study. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014 Nov;134(5):1093-9.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.07.023. Epub 2014 Aug 28.
PubMed 25174868Spergel JM, Shuker M. Nutritional management of eosinophilic esophagitis. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 2008 Jan;18(1):179-94; xi. doi: 10.1016/j.giec.2007.09.008.
PubMed 18061111Pajno GB, Cox L, Caminiti L, Ramistella V, Crisafulli G. Oral Immunotherapy for Treatment of Immunoglobulin E-Mediated Food Allergy: The Transition to Clinical Practice. Pediatr Allergy Immunol Pulmonol. 2014 Jun 1;27(2):42-50. doi: 10.1089/ped.2014.0332.
PubMed 24963452Howie SR. Blood sample volumes in child health research: review of safe limits. Bull World Health Organ. 2011 Jan 1;89(1):46-53. doi: 10.2471/BLT.10.080010. Epub 2010 Sep 10.
PubMed 21346890Martin LJ, Franciosi JP, Collins MH, Abonia JP, Lee JJ, Hommel KA, Varni JW, Grotjan JT, Eby M, He H, Marsolo K, Putnam PE, Garza JM, Kaul A, Wen T, Rothenberg ME. Pediatric Eosinophilic Esophagitis Symptom Scores (PEESS v2.0) identify histologic and molecular correlates of the key clinical features of disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2015 Jun;135(6):1519-28.e8. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.03.004.
PubMed 26051952Franciosi JP, Hommel KA, DeBrosse CW, Greenberg AB, Greenler AJ, Abonia JP, Rothenberg ME, Varni JW. Development of a validated patient-reported symptom metric for pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis: qualitative methods. BMC Gastroenterol. 2011 Nov 18;11:126. doi: 10.1186/1471-230X-11-126.
PubMed 22099448Peters RL, Dang TD, Allen KJ. Specific oral tolerance induction in childhood. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2016 Dec;27(8):784-794. doi: 10.1111/pai.12620. Epub 2016 Sep 16.
PubMed 27496561
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 9 May 2024. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Safety and Feasibility of Oral Food Desensitization in Children With Eosinophilic Esophagitis
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02881372
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- HSC-MS-17-0391
- Conditions
- Eosinophilic Esophagitis
- Keywords
- oral food desensitization, food elimination, food reintroduction
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- WithdrawnReason stopped: lack of recruitment
- Enrolment
- 0 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- The University of Texas Health Science Center, HoustonUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 8 Aug 2018 (actual)
- Primary completion
- May 2023 (estimated)
- Study completion
- May 2023 (estimated)
- First posted
- 29 Aug 2016 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This is a single-center, prospective, pilot clinical trial in which children ages 3-17 years with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) who have a known food that triggers EoE flares receive oral desensitization with that specific food antigen, followed by reintroduction of that food into the diet. The purpose of this study is to investigate the safety and feasibility of oral desensitization in children with EoE so that, if determined to be safe, can be repeated on a larger scale to determine efficacy.
Detailed description
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a clinicopathologic disorder of the esophagus triggered by food and/or environmental allergens and is characterized by symptoms of esophageal dysfunction and eosinophilia of the esophagus. Current therapy is centered on controlling inflammation with steroids and/or food antigen avoidance. Such treatment options have significant side effects and reduce quality of life, especially in children. The purpose of the study is to discover a way for flare-provoking foods to be reintroduced into the child's diet without the need for medical therapy.
The study would involve children ages 3-17 years with biopsy-proven EoE who have a known flare-inducing food trigger. Following baseline blood work and esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), the investigators will initiate oral desensitization treatment in which the child swallows a spray solution containing his or her specific food allergen extract in increasing concentrations twice daily for 4 months. The next phase of the study would involve reintroduction of the actual food for 4 weeks followed by repeat blood work and EGD. Success would be defined by having a peak eosinophil count <15 per high power field on the final esophageal biopsy.
Oral food desensitization has been well-studied in patients with food allergies but never in patients with pre-existing EoE. In those studies, the adverse events included mild reactions, such as watery eyes, rhinitis, sneezing, throat pruritus, transient erythema and abdominal pain. These reactions usually did not require stopping desensitization and were well controlled by antihistamines and steroids. Benefits include children having a less restricted diet and eliminating the need for steroid therapy. This study should yield valuable information regarding the management of EoE, thereby improving the current understanding of its pathogenesis.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Oral food desensitization | Experimental | Other: Oral food desensitizationAll of the children enrolled in the study will receive oral food desensitization with his or her specific EoE flare-inducing food antigen (e.g. cow's milk protein). The food antigen will be diluted in a 50% glycerin/water solution containing ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) to stabilize and preserve the solution. This oral spray will need to be administered twice a day, every day for a total of 4 months. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 3 to 17 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Pediatric patient, ages 3-17 years, with known diagnosis of EoE based upon esophageal biopsy demonstrating ≥15 eos/hpf and lack of symptomatic or histological response to PPI therapy and/or normal esophageal pH evaluation.
- Known or suspected flare-inducing food trigger based upon supporting histological evidence.
- Already undergoing a baseline EGD followed by food reintroduction and repeat EGD, as standard of care at the recommendation of the child's gastroenterologist.
- Signed informed consent for the subject's participation in the study provided by the parent/ legal guardian and child/adolescent assent for subjects 7-17 years.
- Assent by the patient's pediatric gastroenterologist for the patient's participation in the study.
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Presence of other disorders associated with similar clinical, histological or endoscopic features, such as PPI-responsive esophageal eosinophilia, esophageal eosinophilia associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), Crohn's disease, infectious esophagitis (i.e. herpes simplex virus or candida), drug-associated esophagitis, collagen vascular disease, hypereosinophilic syndrome and eosinophilic gastroenteritis.
- Previous or current diagnosis of cancer or leukemia.
- History of chemotherapy within the past 3 months.
- History of esophageal stricture or food impaction.
- History of anaphylaxis or other severe adverse reaction to the specific food trigger being tested.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Oral food desensitizationThe child's specific food antigen will be diluted in a 50% glycerin/water solution containing ascorbic acid (Vitamin C). This oral spray solution will need to be administered twice a day, every day for a total of 4 months | Other | Oral food desensitization |
Primary outcome
Peak eosinophil count on esophageal biopsy
Time frame: 5 months
Remission of esophageal eosinophilia as defined by having <15 eosinophils per high power field on peak esophageal biopsy
Results and safety
The study was withdrawn before enrolling participants, so there are no results.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 9 May 2024.
- Background: PubMed 17919504Furuta GT, Liacouras CA, Collins MH, Gupta SK, Justinich C, Putnam PE, Bonis P, Hassall E, Straumann A, Rothenberg ME; First International Gastrointestinal Eosinophil Research Symposium (FIGERS) Subcommittees. Eosinophilic esophagitis in children and adults: a systematic review and consensus recommendations for diagnosis and treatment. Gastroenterology. 2007 Oct;133(4):1342-63. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2007.08.017. Epub 2007 Aug 8.
- Background: PubMed 18061109Gupta SK. Noninvasive markers of eosinophilic esophagitis. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 2008 Jan;18(1):157-67; xi. doi: 10.1016/j.giec.2007.09.004.
- Background: PubMed 26510832Arias A, Perez-Martinez I, Tenias JM, Lucendo AJ. Systematic review with meta-analysis: the incidence and prevalence of eosinophilic oesophagitis in children and adults in population-based studies. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2016 Jan;43(1):3-15. doi: 10.1111/apt.13441. Epub 2015 Oct 28.
- Background: PubMed 23567357Dellon ES, Gonsalves N, Hirano I, Furuta GT, Liacouras CA, Katzka DA; American College of Gastroenterology. ACG clinical guideline: Evidenced based approach to the diagnosis and management of esophageal eosinophilia and eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). Am J Gastroenterol. 2013 May;108(5):679-92; quiz 693. doi: 10.1038/ajg.2013.71. Epub 2013 Apr 9.
- Background: PubMed 24762076Cianferoni A, Spergel JM. Immunotherapeutic approaches for the treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis. Immunotherapy. 2014;6(3):321-31. doi: 10.2217/imt.14.3.
- Background: PubMed 26799684Simon D, Cianferoni A, Spergel JM, Aceves S, Holbreich M, Venter C, Rothenberg ME, Terreehorst I, Muraro A, Lucendo AJ, Schoepfer A, Straumann A, Simon HU. Eosinophilic esophagitis is characterized by a non-IgE-mediated food hypersensitivity. Allergy. 2016 May;71(5):611-20. doi: 10.1111/all.12846. Epub 2016 Feb 25.
- Background: PubMed 26314389Schlag C, Miehlke S, Heiseke A, Brockow K, Krug A, von Arnim U, Straumann A, Vieth M, Bussmann C, Mueller R, Greinwald R, Bajbouj M. Peripheral blood eosinophils and other non-invasive biomarkers can monitor treatment response in eosinophilic oesophagitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2015 Nov;42(9):1122-30. doi: 10.1111/apt.13386. Epub 2015 Aug 27.
- Background: PubMed 21788754Kagalwalla AF, Shah A, Li BU, Sentongo TA, Ritz S, Manuel-Rubio M, Jacques K, Wang D, Melin-Aldana H, Nelson SP. Identification of specific foods responsible for inflammation in children with eosinophilic esophagitis successfully treated with empiric elimination diet. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2011 Aug;53(2):145-9. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0b013e31821cf503.
- Background: PubMed 25174868Molina-Infante J, Arias A, Barrio J, Rodriguez-Sanchez J, Sanchez-Cazalilla M, Lucendo AJ. Four-food group elimination diet for adult eosinophilic esophagitis: A prospective multicenter study. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014 Nov;134(5):1093-9.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.07.023. Epub 2014 Aug 28.
- Background: PubMed 18061111Spergel JM, Shuker M. Nutritional management of eosinophilic esophagitis. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 2008 Jan;18(1):179-94; xi. doi: 10.1016/j.giec.2007.09.008.
- Background: PubMed 24963452Pajno GB, Cox L, Caminiti L, Ramistella V, Crisafulli G. Oral Immunotherapy for Treatment of Immunoglobulin E-Mediated Food Allergy: The Transition to Clinical Practice. Pediatr Allergy Immunol Pulmonol. 2014 Jun 1;27(2):42-50. doi: 10.1089/ped.2014.0332.
- Background: PubMed 21346890Howie SR. Blood sample volumes in child health research: review of safe limits. Bull World Health Organ. 2011 Jan 1;89(1):46-53. doi: 10.2471/BLT.10.080010. Epub 2010 Sep 10.
- Select Committee on GRAS Substances (SCOGS) Opinion: L-ascorbic acid, sodium L-ascorbate, calcium L-ascorbate, ascorbyl palmitate (palmitoyl L-ascorbic), erythorbic acid (D-isoascorbic acid), and sodium erythorbate (sodium D-isoascorbate)Link provided by the sponsor.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Eosinophilic Esophagitis
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Marc Rhoads, MD study director
University of Texas
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Oral food desensitization in people with Eosinophilic Esophagitis, run by The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: withdrawn, as of the sponsor's last update on 9 May 2024. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study was withdrawn before enrolling participants, so there are no results.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Peak eosinophil count on esophageal biopsy (time frame: 5 months). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT02881372, which also lists 17 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 9 May 2024.