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Knee OsteoarthritisAposKneeNCT03171168

The Effect of AposTherapy on Knee Pain

A study testing AposTherapy and Traditional Physical Therapy in people with Knee Osteoarthritis and Knee Pain, run by Montefiore Medical Center at 1 site in United States.

Terminated

Stopped early. The study ended before it was planned to and will not resume.

Official record
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Trial summary

AposTherapy is a home based exercise program utilizing footwear that causes exercise with normal activity that may significantly improve function in patients with knee osteoarthritis since patients with knee osteoarthritis have altered mechanics of motion contributing or due to the presence of the conditions. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 40 to 75 years
Conditions the study is for
Knee Osteoarthritis, Knee Pain
What is being tested?
AposTherapy and Traditional Physical Therapy
Type of treatment
Medical device
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
54 participants
Where
1 siteUnited States
Study dates
30 Nov 2016to 30 Dec 2019
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 40 to 75 years
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • Patients suffering from symptomatic knee OA (uni/bi lateral) for at least six months, fulfilling the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) clinical criteria for OA of the knee, and having radiographically assessed OA of the knee according to the Kellgren and Lawrence scale.
  • Patients with a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain score of ≥3cm (measured at baseline).
  • Males and females between the ages of 40-75.
  • 17<BMI<40
  • Ambulatory and active patients that can participate in a rehabilitation program that includes daily walking
  • Stable medical regimen (no recent changes to the pain medication within a month)
Show all 9Show fewer
  • Able to walk at least 50 meters and scored positive on the STEADI test
  • Able to understand, read and sign the informed consent form
  • English or Spanish speaking

Who cannot join

  • Patients suffering from acute septic arthritis.
  • Patients suffering from inflammatory joint disease such as rheumatoid arthritis.
  • Patients with diagnosis of avascular necrosis of the knee.
  • Patients with diagnosis of neuromuscular disease.
  • Patients with more than 3 falls in the last 12 months, OR any fall with an injury in the last 12 months.
  • Patients exhibiting a lack of physical or mental ability to perform or comply with the study procedure.
Show all 19Show fewer
  • Patients with a history of pathological osteoporotic fracture
  • Patients with referred pain in the knees from back or hip joint symptoms.
  • Patients with severe back pain, ≥ 4 cm in visual analogue scale (0-10) [1] or radiating leg pain
  • Patients with generalized body pain (both upper and lower extremities, such as fibromyalgia
  • No major surgery to the affected limb and contralateral limb (e.g. no joint replacements or surgical fracture repair)
  • No major cardiovascular comorbidities (able to enroll in an active exercise program)
  • Patient started on lipid lowering medication in last 3 months
  • Any change in blood pressure medications
  • No recent physical therapy (no more recent than 6 months) on the affected limb
  • No active heart disease (ischemia or heart failure admissions within 6 months) and no active Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) (exacerbation within 6 months)
  • No active malignancies on ongoing treatment
  • Patient with neurological gait pattern
  • Patient requiring assistive device during gait analysis.

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

United States1 site
  • Montefiore Medical Center - Moses Campus

    The Bronx, New York, 10467

Other trials in United States

About this study

Official title: The Effect of AposTherapy on Pain and Function in Knee Osteoarthritis Population: A Randomized Controlled Trial

AposTherapy is a home based exercise program utilizing footwear that causes exercise with normal activity that may significantly improve function in patients with knee osteoarthritis since patients with knee osteoarthritis have altered mechanics of motion contributing or due to the presence of the conditions. Capitalizing on the reported excellent adherence and clinical benefit of ApostTherapy in patients with significant knee OA, the investigators propose to evaluate this as a conservative treatment that may supplant/supplement traditional pain medications and physical therapy in an at-risk urban inner city population.

Read the detailed description

AposTherapy is a home-based exercise program utilizing footwear that causes exercise with normal daily activity that may significantly improve function in patients with knee pain in general, and specifically knee osteoarthritis (OA). Capitalizing on the reported excellent adherence and clinical benefit of Apos Therapy in patients with significant lower limb arthritis, the investigators propose to evaluate this as a conservative treatment that may supplant/supplement traditional pain medications and physical therapy in knee OA population.

A potential use of AposTherapy as a replacement for traditional physical therapy may yield a less costly, more effective therapy with better adherence. Problems with traditional therapy include poor patient adherence (patients often do not complete the sessions and have very poor adherence (about 50-60%) to home therapy programs), added cost of travel (which may be more than $100 per session for ambulette or access-a-ride for eligible patients), and the lack of continuation in an ongoing exercise program, leading to relapse and need for retreatment. Additionally, access to physical therapy is limited for many patients since there are not enough available outpatient therapy services to meet the needs of all patients. Finding an alternative exercise program that will increase adherence, decrease total therapy visits, and improve patient's outcomes with decreased dependence on pain medications is a high priority from both patient care and cost management perspectives.

AposTherapy potentially overcomes many of these issues with improving/modifying abnormal biomechanics (therefore decreasing pain), and a home-based exercise program utilizing footwear that causes exercise with normal activity by promoting perturbation. This biomechanical approach may significantly reduce pain and improve function in patients with knee OA. Capitalizing on the reported excellent adherence and clinical benefit of AposTherapy in patients with significant knee OA, the investigators propose to evaluate the biomechanical exercise (wearing an appropriately calibrated shoe at home for a prescribed amount of time each day) as a conservative treatment that may supplement or supplant traditional pain medications, interventional pain procedures and physical therapy in an at-risk urban inner city population with knee OA.

Being tested
AposTherapy, Traditional Physical Therapy
Keywords
Gait Analysis, WOMAC, SF-36 (Short Form 36)
Medical subject headings
Osteoarthritis, Knee

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • AposTherapyDevice

    AposTherapy is a home-based exercise program utilizing footwear that causes exercise with normal daily activity that may significantly improve function in patients with knee pain in general, and specifically knee osteoarthritis (OA).

  • Traditional Physical TherapyOther

    Up to 20 sessions of traditional physical therapy

Study groups in NCT03171168
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Traditional Physical TherapyActive comparatorParticipants will have traditional physical therapy up to 20 sessions, up to two sessions per week. This will involve exercise and modalities as decided by the therapists and medical providers. Participants will have a home exercise program for the remainder of the year.
Receives: Other: Traditional Physical Therapy
AposTherapyExperimentalParticipants will have AposTherapy instead of traditional physical therapy over the course of one year. This will include 7 sessions of gait assessment and re-calibration with daily at home exercise with the device over the year.
Receives: Device: AposTherapy

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Knee Pain and Function

    Improvement in Pain and Function as assessed using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain scale. The WOMAC, a self-administered instrument, is 1 of 3 subscales comprising the WOMAC Index. As a standalone measure, the WOMAC pain scale contains 5 items that address the following person-level activities: walking, using stairs, in bed, sitting or lying down, and standing upright. The stem of the scale asks the patient to focus on the extent of pain experienced in the involved knee during each of these activities which are reported on a 0-4 Likert scale: None (0), Mild (1), Moderate (2), Severe (3), and Extreme (4), with a possible score range of 0-20 for Pain. Higher scores on the WOMAC are associated with worse knee pain.

    Measured: 24 weeks

Secondary outcomes (4)
  1. Quality of Life by RAND SF-36 (RAND Corporation Short Form 36)

    Health-related Quality of Life (QoL) as assessed using the RAND SF-36 (Short Form Health Survey). The RAND SF-36 is a 36-item patient-reported questionnaire that covers eight health domains: physical functioning (10 items), bodily pain (2 items), role limitations due to physical health problems (4 items), role limitations due to personal or emotional problems (4 items), emotional well-being (5 items), social functioning (2 items), energy/fatigue (4 items), and general health perceptions (5 items). Composite scoring range is 0 to 100 across the 8 domains identified with a higher overall score defining a more favorable health state.

    Measured: 24 weeks

  2. PROMIS (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System) Pain Interference and Physical Function

    Pain and Function measured through PROMIS short forms. PROMIS measures specific domains of Physical Health (e.g., physical function, pain intensity, pain interference, fatigue, sleep disturbance); Mental Health (depressive symptoms, anxiety, anger); and Social Health (ability to participate in social roles and activities).

    PROMIS measures are scored on the T-score metric in which 50 is the mean of a relevant reference population and 10 is the standard deviation (SD) of that population. PROMIS domains use different terms to describe score ranges. For example, some domains use mild/moderate/severe whereas others use very high to very low. Cut points for assessment can also vary. For PROMIS measures, higher scores equals more of the concept being measured (e.g., more Fatigue, more Physical Function). Thus a score of 60 is one SD above the average referenced population. This could be a desirable or undesirable outcome.

    Measured: 24 weeks

  3. Gait Assessment

    Objective assessment of the patients' gait assessed with gait analysis equipment. Equipment was used to measure the patients' cadence, or walking rate, in number of steps per minute (steps/min).

    Measured: 24 weeks

  4. 6-min Walk Test

    objective assessment using maximum distance comfortably walked in 6 minutes on a 100 foot closed course

    Measured: 24 weeks

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted31 May 2017
  2. Study start30 Nov 2016
  3. Primary completion30 Dec 2019
  4. Study completion30 Dec 2019

Why it stopped: Insufficient recruitment and end of funding

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Model description
Single blinded (evaluator), single-center, randomized controlled trial. Interventional and Control group with option for Control group to Cross over.
Masking
Single blind
Who is masked
Outcomes assessor
Enrolment
54 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT03171168
Sponsor's protocol ID
2015-4842
Acronym
AposKnee
Status last verified
Nov 2022
First submitted
21 Mar 2017
Last updated
14 Dec 2022
Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
Yes
Individual data sharing
No

Publications

  • Jones KR, Vojir CP, Hutt E, Fink R. Determining mild, moderate, and severe pain equivalency across pain-intensity tools in nursing home residents. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2007;44(2):305-14. doi: 10.1682/jrrd.2006.05.0051.

    PubMed 17551881
  • Verghese J, Lipton RB, Hall CB, Kuslansky G, Katz MJ, Buschke H. Abnormality of gait as a predictor of non-Alzheimer's dementia. N Engl J Med. 2002 Nov 28;347(22):1761-8. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa020441.

    PubMed 12456852
  • Elbaz A, Mor A, Segal G, Aloni Y, Teo YH, Teo YS, Das-De S, Yeo SJ. Patients with knee osteoarthritis demonstrate improved gait pattern and reduced pain following a non-invasive biomechanical therapy: a prospective multi-centre study on Singaporean population. J Orthop Surg Res. 2014 Jan 2;9:1. doi: 10.1186/1749-799X-9-1.

    PubMed 24383821
  • Haim A, Segal G, Elbaz A, Mor A, Agar G, Bar-Ziv Y, Beer Y, Morag G, Debi R, Atoun E. The outcome of a novel biomechanical therapy for patients suffering from anterior knee pain. Knee. 2013 Dec;20(6):595-9. doi: 10.1016/j.knee.2012.11.009. Epub 2012 Dec 27.

    PubMed 23273535
  • Drexler M, Elbaz A, Mor A, Debi R, Debbi EM, Haim A, Lador R, Salai M, Segal G. Effects of a customized biomechanical therapy on patients with medial compartment knee osteoarthritis. Ann Phys Rehabil Med. 2012 May;55(4):213-28. doi: 10.1016/j.rehab.2012.01.002. Epub 2012 Mar 27. English, French.

    PubMed 22521468
  • Segal G, Bar-Ziv Y, Velkes S, Benkovich V, Stanger G, Debbi EM, Debi R, Mor A, Elbaz A. A non-invasive biomechanical device and treatment for patients following total hip arthroplasty: results of a 6-month pilot investigation. J Orthop Surg Res. 2013 May 21;8:13. doi: 10.1186/1749-799X-8-13.

    PubMed 23692690
  • Forkan R, Pumper B, Smyth N, Wirkkala H, Ciol MA, Shumway-Cook A. Exercise adherence following physical therapy intervention in older adults with impaired balance. Phys Ther. 2006 Mar;86(3):401-10.

    PubMed 16506876
  • Sihvonen R, Paavola M, Malmivaara A, Itala A, Joukainen A, Nurmi H, Kalske J, Jarvinen TL; Finnish Degenerative Meniscal Lesion Study (FIDELITY) Group. Arthroscopic partial meniscectomy versus sham surgery for a degenerative meniscal tear. N Engl J Med. 2013 Dec 26;369(26):2515-24. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1305189.

    PubMed 24369076
  • Abbott JH, Robertson MC, Chapple C, Pinto D, Wright AA, Leon de la Barra S, Baxter GD, Theis JC, Campbell AJ; MOA Trial team. Manual therapy, exercise therapy, or both, in addition to usual care, for osteoarthritis of the hip or knee: a randomized controlled trial. 1: clinical effectiveness. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2013 Apr;21(4):525-34. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2012.12.014. Epub 2013 Jan 8.

    PubMed 23313532
  • Fitzgerald GK, Hinman RS, Zeni J Jr, Risberg MA, Snyder-Mackler L, Bennell KL. OARSI Clinical Trials Recommendations: Design and conduct of clinical trials of rehabilitation interventions for osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2015 May;23(5):803-14. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2015.03.013.

    PubMed 25952351
  • Lim BW, Hinman RS, Wrigley TV, Sharma L, Bennell KL. Does knee malalignment mediate the effects of quadriceps strengthening on knee adduction moment, pain, and function in medial knee osteoarthritis? A randomized controlled trial. Arthritis Rheum. 2008 Jul 15;59(7):943-51. doi: 10.1002/art.23823.

    PubMed 18576289
  • Tanaka R, Ozawa J, Kito N, Moriyama H. Efficacy of strengthening or aerobic exercise on pain relief in people with knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clin Rehabil. 2013 Dec;27(12):1059-71. doi: 10.1177/0269215513488898. Epub 2013 Jul 4.

    PubMed 23828186
  • Skou ST, Rasmussen S, Laursen MB, Rathleff MS, Arendt-Nielsen L, Simonsen O, Roos EM. The efficacy of 12 weeks non-surgical treatment for patients not eligible for total knee replacement: a randomized controlled trial with 1-year follow-up. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2015 Sep;23(9):1465-75. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2015.04.021. Epub 2015 Apr 30.

    PubMed 25937024

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing AposTherapy and Traditional Physical Therapy in people with Knee Osteoarthritis and Knee Pain, run by Montefiore Medical Center at 1 site in United States.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 9 inclusion and 19 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: stopped early, as of the sponsor's last update on 14 Dec 2022. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 14 Dec 2022). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Knee Pain and Function (time frame: 24 weeks). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT03171168, which also lists 13 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 14 Dec 2022.

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