White Spot LesionPhase 4NCT03446690
MI Varnish for the Prevention of White Spot Lesions
A Phase 4 study testing MI Varnish in people with White Spot Lesion and Orthodontic Treatment, run by University of Alabama at Birmingham.
Trial summary
The current study aimed to determine if MI Varnish has an effect in preventing the formation of white spot lesions for patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. 33 subjects were prospectively recruited for the project as the MI Varnish group, with a control group of 29 orthodontically treated subjects who received… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 10 to 50 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- White Spot Lesion, Orthodontic Treatment
- What is being tested?
- MI Varnish
- Type of treatment
- Pill or oral medicine
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 62 participants
- Where
- No sites listed yet
- Study dates
- 1 Jan 2015to 1 Jan 2016
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 10 to 50 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child, Adult
Who may be able to join
- Patients seeking orthodontic treatment and receiving routine treatment and oral hygiene regimes.
Who cannot join
- Any medical or dental condition that in the opinion of the investigator could impact study results during the expected length of the study;
- Patient is currently using any investigational drug or any other investigational device;
- Patient plans to relocate or move within six months of enrollment.
About this study
Official title: The Use of MI Varnish for the Prevention and Reduction of White Spot Lesions in Orthodontic Treatment
The current study aimed to determine if MI Varnish has an effect in preventing the formation of white spot lesions for patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. 33 subjects were prospectively recruited for the project as the MI Varnish group, with a control group of 29 orthodontically treated subjects who received routine treatment and oral hygiene regimes.Difference in prevention of white spot formation between the control and the study groups were evaluated through photographic records and clinical examination by using the Enamel Decalcification Index (EDI) scores.
Read the detailed description
Orthodontists face two common iatrogenic treatment side effects, root resorption and enamel decalcification, with the latter occurring at a much higher frequency. While the processes that lead to enamel demineralization are understood, methods to diminish or perhaps eliminate degradation of enamel surfaces are being searched for. A new product, MI Varnish, is current available and has been shown in some initial case reports to be useful in reducing white spot lesions. It contains a special milk-derived protein RECALDENT TM (CPP-ACP) in which the casein phosphopeptides (CPP) bind to teeth, dentin, and oral mucosa while the amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) releases calcium and phosphate. The current study aimed to determine if MI Varnish has an effect in preventing the formation of white spot lesions for patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. 33 subjects were prospectively recruited for the project as the MI Varnish group, with a control group of 29 orthodontically treated subjects who received routine treatment and oral hygiene regimes. The study group received the MI Varnish on the day of bracket bonding. Subjects were recalled initially for 4 weeks (twice) and then at 3 monthly intervals. Difference in prevention of white spot formation between the control and the study groups were evaluated through photographic records and clinical examination by using the Enamel Decalcification Index (EDI) scores.
- Conditions
- White Spot Lesion, Orthodontic Treatment
- Being tested
- MI Varnish, Control group
- Keywords
- Enamel decalcification
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
MI VarnishDrug
MI Varnish with RECALDENT™ (CPP-ACP) enhances enamel acid resistance and boosts salivary fluoride levels. This product remains on the teeth longer than other fluoride varnishes and contains high levels of fluoride and calcium released in the oral cavity. The difference is in the RECALDENT™ (CPP-ACP), which makes MI Varnish a natural and unique choice for your patients. Casein phosphopeptides (CPP) naturally occurs in milk casein; Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (ACP), which is found in the RECALDENT™, is also the source of calcium and phosphate. In the oral cavity, CPP binds to oral surfaces such as teeth, dentin, oral mucosa and biofilm. Calcium and phosphate ions are the building blocks for healthy teeth and MI Varnish delivers bioavailable calcium and phosphate ions into the saliva.
Control groupOther
Participants received routine treatment and oral hygiene regimes. No intervention for this group.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| MI Varnish Group | Experimental | 33 subjects were prospectively recruited for the project in the MI Varnish group. All subjects will be patients seeking orthodontic treatment at the Department of Orthodontics, UAB. MI Varnish were applied on their teeth initially for 4 weeks (twice) and then 3 monthly intervals. Receives: Drug: MI Varnish |
| Control group | Other | A control group was comprised of 29 orthodontically treated subjects who received routine treatment and oral hygiene regimes. All subjects will be patients seeking orthodontic treatment at the Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham. No intervention for this group. Receives: Other: Control group |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Enamel Decalcification Index (EDI) Scores
Photographic records will be used to determine the improvements in the white spot lesions. A standard intra-oral photographic camera will be utilized and the photographs will be taken in a light controlled environment and photographs will be captured in a pre-set photographic protocol. The Enamel decalcification index (EDI) will be used to determine the number of white spot lesions present at each time frame.Enamel decalcification index calculation: The facial surface of each tooth was divided into 4 areas (m, Mesial; g, gingival; d, distal; o, occlusal). A score was allocated for each area of each tooth: 0, no decalcification, to 3, decalcifications covering 100% of the area at each time period. Analysis was done at the tooth level, aggregating the enamel decalcification scores from all four areas, creating an EDI for each tooth ranging potentially from 0 to 12. Higher EDI scores indicate more decalcification of teeth and represent a worse outcome.
Measured: Photographs were taken for 4 times at monthly intervals. EDI scores were measured and assessed at 1, 2, 3 and 4 months, Month 4 reported. The duration of the observation is an average of 4 months.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted27 Feb 2018
- Study start1 Jan 2015
- Primary completion1 Nov 2015
- Study completion1 Jan 2016
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Other trials for White Spot LesionStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by University of Alabama at BirminghamThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- 33 subjects were prospectively recruited for the project in the MI Varnish group. These subjects were studied against a control group of 29 orthodontically treated subjects who received routine treatment and oral hygiene regimes. All subjects will be patients seeking orthodontic treatment at the Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham.
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 62 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Alabama at Birmingham
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Chung How Kau, University of Alabama at Birmingham
- Investigators
- Chung H Kau, BDS, PhD, Principal investigator, University of Alabama at Birmingham
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03446690
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 1135815
- Status last verified
- Jun 2023
- First submitted
- 14 Feb 2018
- Last updated
- 26 Jun 2023
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- FDA-regulated drug
- Yes
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Undecided
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 26 Jun 2023. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Use of MI Varnish for the Prevention and Reduction of White Spot Lesions in Orthodontic Treatment
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03446690
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 1135815
- Conditions
- White Spot Lesion, Orthodontic Treatment
- Keywords
- Enamel decalcification
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 62 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of Alabama at BirminghamUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Jan 2015 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Nov 2015 (actual)
- Study completion
- 1 Jan 2016 (actual)
- First posted
- 27 Feb 2018 (actual)
- Results
- Posted 12 Jun 2018
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The current study aimed to determine if MI Varnish has an effect in preventing the formation of white spot lesions for patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. 33 subjects were prospectively recruited for the project as the MI Varnish group, with a control group of 29 orthodontically treated subjects who received routine treatment and oral hygiene regimes.Difference in prevention of white spot formation between the control and the study groups were evaluated through photographic records and clinical examination by using the Enamel Decalcification Index (EDI) scores.
Detailed description
Orthodontists face two common iatrogenic treatment side effects, root resorption and enamel decalcification, with the latter occurring at a much higher frequency. While the processes that lead to enamel demineralization are understood, methods to diminish or perhaps eliminate degradation of enamel surfaces are being searched for. A new product, MI Varnish, is current available and has been shown in some initial case reports to be useful in reducing white spot lesions. It contains a special milk-derived protein RECALDENT TM (CPP-ACP) in which the casein phosphopeptides (CPP) bind to teeth, dentin, and oral mucosa while the amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) releases calcium and phosphate. The current study aimed to determine if MI Varnish has an effect in preventing the formation of white spot lesions for patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. 33 subjects were prospectively recruited for the project as the MI Varnish group, with a control group of 29 orthodontically treated subjects who received routine treatment and oral hygiene regimes. The study group received the MI Varnish on the day of bracket bonding. Subjects were recalled initially for 4 weeks (twice) and then at 3 monthly intervals. Difference in prevention of white spot formation between the control and the study groups were evaluated through photographic records and clinical examination by using the Enamel Decalcification Index (EDI) scores.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- 33 subjects were prospectively recruited for the project in the MI Varnish group. These subjects were studied against a control group of 29 orthodontically treated subjects who received routine treatment and oral hygiene regimes. All subjects will be patients seeking orthodontic treatment at the Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| MI Varnish Group | Experimental | Drug: MI Varnish33 subjects were prospectively recruited for the project in the MI Varnish group. All subjects will be patients seeking orthodontic treatment at the Department of Orthodontics, UAB. MI Varnish were applied on their teeth initially for 4 weeks (twice) and then 3 monthly intervals. |
| Control group | Other | Other: Control groupA control group was comprised of 29 orthodontically treated subjects who received routine treatment and oral hygiene regimes. All subjects will be patients seeking orthodontic treatment at the Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham. No intervention for this group. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 10 to 50 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Patients seeking orthodontic treatment and receiving routine treatment and oral hygiene regimes.
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Any medical or dental condition that in the opinion of the investigator could impact study results during the expected length of the study;
- Patient is currently using any investigational drug or any other investigational device;
- Patient plans to relocate or move within six months of enrollment.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| MI VarnishMI Varnish with RECALDENT™ (CPP-ACP) enhances enamel acid resistance and boosts salivary fluoride levels. This product remains on the teeth longer than other fluoride varnishes and contains high levels of fluoride and calcium released in the oral cavity. The difference is in the RECALDENT™ (CPP-ACP), which makes MI Varnish a natural and unique choice for your patients. Casein phosphopeptides (CPP) naturally occurs in milk casein; Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (ACP), which is found in the RECALDENT™, is also the source of calcium and phosphate. In the oral cavity, CPP binds to oral surfaces such as teeth, dentin, oral mucosa and biofilm. Calcium and phosphate ions are the building blocks for healthy teeth and MI Varnish delivers bioavailable calcium and phosphate ions into the saliva. | Drug | MI Varnish Group |
| Control groupParticipants received routine treatment and oral hygiene regimes. No intervention for this group. | Other | Control group |
Primary outcome
Enamel Decalcification Index (EDI) Scores
Time frame: Photographs were taken for 4 times at monthly intervals. EDI scores were measured and assessed at 1, 2, 3 and 4 months, Month 4 reported. The duration of the observation is an average of 4 months.
Photographic records will be used to determine the improvements in the white spot lesions. A standard intra-oral photographic camera will be utilized and the photographs will be taken in a light controlled environment and photographs will be captured in a pre-set photographic protocol. The Enamel decalcification index (EDI) will be used to determine the number of white spot lesions present at each time frame.Enamel decalcification index calculation: The facial surface of each tooth was divided into 4 areas (m, Mesial; g, gingival; d, distal; o, occlusal). A score was allocated for each area of each tooth: 0, no decalcification, to 3, decalcifications covering 100% of the area at each time period. Analysis was done at the tooth level, aggregating the enamel decalcification scores from all four areas, creating an EDI for each tooth ranging potentially from 0 to 12. Higher EDI scores indicate more decalcification of teeth and represent a worse outcome.
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 26 Jun 2023.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Undecided
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Chung H Kau, BDS, PhD principal investigator
University of Alabama at Birmingham
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 4 study testing MI Varnish in people with White Spot Lesion and Orthodontic Treatment, run by University of Alabama at Birmingham.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 26 Jun 2023. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 4 studies take place after a treatment is approved, to learn more about its long-term benefits and risks in everyday use.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 12 Jun 2018). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Enamel Decalcification Index (EDI) Scores (time frame: Photographs were taken for 4 times at monthly intervals. EDI scores were measured and assessed at 1, 2, 3 and 4 months, Month 4 reported. The duration of the observation is an average of 4 months.). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 26 Jun 2023.