Premature Atrial ContractionsCRAVENCT03671759
Coffee and Real-time Atrial and Ventricular Ectopy
A study testing Start: On Caffeine and Start: Off Caffeine in people with Premature Atrial Contractions and Premature Ventricular Contractions, run by University of California, San Francisco at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
Atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF) are morbid, costly, and incompletely understood diseases that have reached epidemic proportions worldwide. A dose-dependent relationship exists between premature atrial and ventricular contractions (PACs and PVCs) and development of AF and HF, respectively. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Premature Atrial Contractions, Premature Ventricular Contractions
- What is being tested?
- Start: On Caffeine and Start: Off Caffeine
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 108 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 1 May 2019to 25 Mar 2020
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Are age 18 or older
- Have a smartphone
- Are able to use the Eureka mobile application
- Are willing to provide a saliva sample for genetic processing
- Drink coffee or coffee-based products at least once a year
- Are willing to abstain from coffee, caffeinated products, or minimally caffeinated products (decaffeinated coffee) for at least 2 days when instructed
Who cannot join
- Have a history of atrial fibrillation, heart failure
- Have an ICD or pacemaker
- Have treatment with beta blockers, non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers, or Vaughn-Williams class 1 or 3 antiarrhythmic medications
- Have a medical reason to avoid coffee
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
University of California, San Francisco
San Francisco, California, 94143
About this study
Atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF) are morbid, costly, and incompletely understood diseases that have reached epidemic proportions worldwide. A dose-dependent relationship exists between premature atrial and ventricular contractions (PACs and PVCs) and development of AF and HF, respectively. Identifying and understanding the mechanisms of additional modifiable risk factors for ectopy has the potential to markedly reduce the healthcare burden of these diseases. In considering how to modify the prevalence of these ectopic beats, the investigators believe common exposures in daily life are prime candidates. Current guidelines suggest that caffeine may be an important trigger for frequent ectopy, although large population-based studies have not demonstrated an association between caffeine consumption and development of clinically significant arrhythmias. No study has employed an actual randomization intervention to assess the effects of caffeine on cardiac ectopy. Utilizing the Eureka platform, the investigators plan to utilize the N-of-1 strategy to rigorously investigate the real-time effect of caffeine intake on ectopy.
Read the detailed description
This study is designed as a N to 1 randomized trial, where each participant will be randomized to consume or abstain from coffee each day of a 14 day monitoring period. Participants will wear an automatically recording electrocardiographic monitor (ZIO® XT Patch), continuous glucose monitor (Dexcom G6), and a fitness tracker (Fitbit INSPIRE) while utilizing Eureka-a mobile application. We will compare participant self-report of caffeine consumption, glucose monitoring, fitness levels, sleep health, and heart rhythm data in order to better understand the relationship between acute caffeine consumption and heart rhythm changes. Participants will also be genotyped for caffeine metabolism-related SNPs. A total of 100 participants will be enrolled at the UCSF study site.
- Being tested
- Start: On Caffeine, Start: Off Caffeine
- Keywords
- Caffeine, Coffee, Arrhythmias, Palpitations, Cardiac ectopy, PACs, PVCs
- Medical subject headings
- Atrial Premature Complexes, Ventricular Premature Complexes, Arrhythmias, Cardiac
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Start: On CaffeineBehavioural
In this two-day block, participants will be instructed to consume caffeine for one day and avoid caffeine the next day.
Start: Off CaffeineBehavioural
In this two-day block, participants will be instructed to avoid caffeine for one day and consume caffeine the next day.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Experimental: N-of-1 | Experimental | Participants will be randomized in two-day blocks to consume then avoid caffeine ("Start: On Caffeine") or avoid then consume caffeine ("Start: Off Caffeine"). Using an N-of-1 strategy delivered by the NIH-funded, UCSF-run Eureka platform utilizing a mobile smartphone-based application, participants will receive instructions and answer questions to help us understand the relationship between caffeine and heart rhythm. Receives: Behavioral: Start: On Caffeine; Behavioral: Start: Off Caffeine |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Change in PAC frequency
Participants will be wearing a continuously recording ECG monitor for two weeks. The primary outcome will be change in premature atrial contraction (PAC) frequency due to caffeine consumption or avoidance during the enrollment period.
Measured: Baseline and after completion of coffee consumption, up to 2 weeks
Secondary outcomes (6)
Change in SVT episodes
Participants will be wearing a continuously recording ECG monitor for two weeks. A secondary outcome will be change in supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) episodes due to caffeine consumption or avoidance during the enrollment period.
Measured: Baseline and after completion of coffee consumption, up to 2 weeks
Change in VT episodes
Participants will be wearing a continuously recording ECG monitor for two weeks. A secondary outcome will be change in ventricular tachycardia (VT) episodes episodes due to caffeine consumption or avoidance during the enrollment period.
Measured: Baseline and after completion of coffee consumption, up to 2 weeks
Mean daily glucose levels
Participants will be wearing a continuous glucose monitor (Dexcom G6) that will record serum glucose levels. A secondary outcome will be difference in mean daily glucose levels due to caffeine consumption or avoidance during the enrollment period.
Measured: 2 weeks
Mean step count
Participants will be wearing a fitness tracker (Fitbit INSPIRE) that will record step counts. A secondary outcome will be difference in mean step counts due to caffeine consumption or avoidance during the enrollment period.
Measured: 2 weeks
Mean sleep duration
Participants will be wearing a fitness tracker (Fitbit INSPIRE) that will record sleep duration. A secondary outcome will be difference in mean sleep duration due to caffeine consumption or avoidance during the enrollment period.
Measured: 2 weeks
Change in PVC frequency
Participants will be wearing a continuously recording ECG monitor for two weeks. The primary outcome will be change in ventricular contraction (PVC) frequency due to caffeine consumption or avoidance during the enrollment period.
Measured: Baseline and after completion of coffee consumption, up to 2 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted14 Sep 2018
- Study start1 May 2019
- Primary completion25 Mar 2020
- Study completion25 Mar 2020
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (8)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Premature Atrial ContractionsStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by University of California, San FranciscoThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 108 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of California, San Francisco
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Gregory M Marcus, MD, MAS, Principal investigator, University of California, San FranciscoDavid Rosenthal, MD, Principal investigator, University of California, San Francisco
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03671759
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 18-25195
- Acronym
- CRAVE
- Status last verified
- Oct 2022
- First submitted
- 12 Sep 2018
- Last updated
- 7 Oct 2022
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Chugh SS, Blackshear JL, Shen WK, Hammill SC, Gersh BJ. Epidemiology and natural history of atrial fibrillation: clinical implications. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001 Feb;37(2):371-8. doi: 10.1016/s0735-1097(00)01107-4.
PubMed 11216949Coyne KS, Paramore C, Grandy S, Mercader M, Reynolds M, Zimetbaum P. Assessing the direct costs of treating nonvalvular atrial fibrillation in the United States. Value Health. 2006 Sep-Oct;9(5):348-56. doi: 10.1111/j.1524-4733.2006.00124.x.
PubMed 16961553Roger VL, Go AS, Lloyd-Jones DM, Benjamin EJ, Berry JD, Borden WB, Bravata DM, Dai S, Ford ES, Fox CS, Fullerton HJ, Gillespie C, Hailpern SM, Heit JA, Howard VJ, Kissela BM, Kittner SJ, Lackland DT, Lichtman JH, Lisabeth LD, Makuc DM, Marcus GM, Marelli A, Matchar DB, Moy CS, Mozaffarian D, Mussolino ME, Nichol G, Paynter NP, Soliman EZ, Sorlie PD, Sotoodehnia N, Turan TN, Virani SS, Wong ND, Woo D, Turner MB; American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Heart disease and stroke statistics--2012 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2012 Jan 3;125(1):e2-e220. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0b013e31823ac046. Epub 2011 Dec 15. No abstract available.
PubMed 22179539Dewland TA, Vittinghoff E, Mandyam MC, Heckbert SR, Siscovick DS, Stein PK, Psaty BM, Sotoodehnia N, Gottdiener JS, Marcus GM. Atrial ectopy as a predictor of incident atrial fibrillation: a cohort study. Ann Intern Med. 2013 Dec 3;159(11):721-8. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-159-11-201312030-00004.
PubMed 24297188Dukes JW, Dewland TA, Vittinghoff E, Mandyam MC, Heckbert SR, Siscovick DS, Stein PK, Psaty BM, Sotoodehnia N, Gottdiener JS, Marcus GM. Ventricular Ectopy as a Predictor of Heart Failure and Death. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2015 Jul 14;66(2):101-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.04.062.
PubMed 26160626Blomstrom-Lundqvist C, Scheinman MM, Aliot EM, Alpert JS, Calkins H, Camm AJ, Campbell WB, Haines DE, Kuck KH, Lerman BB, Miller DD, Shaeffer CW, Stevenson WG, Tomaselli GF, Antman EM, Smith SC Jr, Alpert JS, Faxon DP, Fuster V, Gibbons RJ, Gregoratos G, Hiratzka LF, Hunt SA, Jacobs AK, Russell RO Jr, Priori SG, Blanc JJ, Budaj A, Burgos EF, Cowie M, Deckers JW, Garcia MA, Klein WW, Lekakis J, Lindahl B, Mazzotta G, Morais JC, Oto A, Smiseth O, Trappe HJ; European Society of Cardiology Committee, NASPE-Heart Rhythm Society. ACC/AHA/ESC guidelines for the management of patients with supraventricular arrhythmias--executive summary. a report of the American college of cardiology/American heart association task force on practice guidelines and the European society of cardiology committee for practice guidelines (writing committee to develop guidelines for the management of patients with supraventricular arrhythmias) developed in collaboration with NASPE-Heart Rhythm Society. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003 Oct 15;42(8):1493-531. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2003.08.013. No abstract available.
PubMed 14563598Dixit S, Stein PK, Dewland TA, Dukes JW, Vittinghoff E, Heckbert SR, Marcus GM. Consumption of Caffeinated Products and Cardiac Ectopy. J Am Heart Assoc. 2016 Jan 26;5(1):e002503. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.115.002503.
PubMed 26813889Marcus GM, Rosenthal DG, Nah G, Vittinghoff E, Fang C, Ogomori K, Joyce S, Yilmaz D, Yang V, Kessedjian T, Wilson E, Yang M, Chang K, Wall G, Olgin JE. Acute Effects of Coffee Consumption on Health among Ambulatory Adults. N Engl J Med. 2023 Mar 23;388(12):1092-1100. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2204737.
PubMed 36947466
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 7 Oct 2022. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Coffee and Real-time Atrial and Ventricular Ectopy
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03671759
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- CRAVE / 18-25195
- Keywords
- Caffeine, Coffee, Arrhythmias, Palpitations, Cardiac ectopy, PACs, PVCs
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 108 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of California, San FranciscoUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 May 2019 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 25 Mar 2020 (actual)
- Study completion
- 25 Mar 2020 (actual)
- First posted
- 14 Sep 2018 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF) are morbid, costly, and incompletely understood diseases that have reached epidemic proportions worldwide. A dose-dependent relationship exists between premature atrial and ventricular contractions (PACs and PVCs) and development of AF and HF, respectively. Identifying and understanding the mechanisms of additional modifiable risk factors for ectopy has the potential to markedly reduce the healthcare burden of these diseases. In considering how to modify the prevalence of these ectopic beats, the investigators believe common exposures in daily life are prime candidates. Current guidelines suggest that caffeine may be an important trigger for frequent ectopy, although large population-based studies have not demonstrated an association between caffeine consumption and development of clinically significant arrhythmias. No study has employed an actual randomization intervention to assess the effects of caffeine on cardiac ectopy. Utilizing the Eureka platform, the investigators plan to utilize the N-of-1 strategy to rigorously investigate the real-time effect of caffeine intake on ectopy.
Detailed description
This study is designed as a N to 1 randomized trial, where each participant will be randomized to consume or abstain from coffee each day of a 14 day monitoring period. Participants will wear an automatically recording electrocardiographic monitor (ZIO® XT Patch), continuous glucose monitor (Dexcom G6), and a fitness tracker (Fitbit INSPIRE) while utilizing Eureka-a mobile application. We will compare participant self-report of caffeine consumption, glucose monitoring, fitness levels, sleep health, and heart rhythm data in order to better understand the relationship between acute caffeine consumption and heart rhythm changes. Participants will also be genotyped for caffeine metabolism-related SNPs. A total of 100 participants will be enrolled at the UCSF study site.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Experimental: N-of-1 | Experimental | Behavioral: Start: On Caffeine, Behavioral: Start: Off CaffeineParticipants will be randomized in two-day blocks to consume then avoid caffeine ("Start: On Caffeine") or avoid then consume caffeine ("Start: Off Caffeine"). Using an N-of-1 strategy delivered by the NIH-funded, UCSF-run Eureka platform utilizing a mobile smartphone-based application, participants will receive instructions and answer questions to help us understand the relationship between caffeine and heart rhythm. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Are age 18 or older
- Have a smartphone
- Are able to use the Eureka mobile application
- Are willing to provide a saliva sample for genetic processing
- Drink coffee or coffee-based products at least once a year
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Have a history of atrial fibrillation, heart failure
- Have an ICD or pacemaker
- Have treatment with beta blockers, non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers, or Vaughn-Williams class 1 or 3 antiarrhythmic medications
- Have a medical reason to avoid coffee
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Start: On CaffeineIn this two-day block, participants will be instructed to consume caffeine for one day and avoid caffeine the next day. | Behavioural | Experimental: N-of-1 |
| Start: Off CaffeineIn this two-day block, participants will be instructed to avoid caffeine for one day and consume caffeine the next day. | Behavioural | Experimental: N-of-1 |
Primary outcome
Change in PAC frequency
Time frame: Baseline and after completion of coffee consumption, up to 2 weeks
Participants will be wearing a continuously recording ECG monitor for two weeks. The primary outcome will be change in premature atrial contraction (PAC) frequency due to caffeine consumption or avoidance during the enrollment period.
6 secondary outcomes
Change in SVT episodes
Time frame: Baseline and after completion of coffee consumption, up to 2 weeks
Change in VT episodes
Time frame: Baseline and after completion of coffee consumption, up to 2 weeks
Mean daily glucose levels
Time frame: 2 weeks
Mean step count
Time frame: 2 weeks
Mean sleep duration
Time frame: 2 weeks
Change in PVC frequency
Time frame: Baseline and after completion of coffee consumption, up to 2 weeks
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 7 Oct 2022.
- Background: PubMed 11216949Chugh SS, Blackshear JL, Shen WK, Hammill SC, Gersh BJ. Epidemiology and natural history of atrial fibrillation: clinical implications. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001 Feb;37(2):371-8. doi: 10.1016/s0735-1097(00)01107-4.
- Background: PubMed 16961553Coyne KS, Paramore C, Grandy S, Mercader M, Reynolds M, Zimetbaum P. Assessing the direct costs of treating nonvalvular atrial fibrillation in the United States. Value Health. 2006 Sep-Oct;9(5):348-56. doi: 10.1111/j.1524-4733.2006.00124.x.
- Background: PubMed 22179539Roger VL, Go AS, Lloyd-Jones DM, Benjamin EJ, Berry JD, Borden WB, Bravata DM, Dai S, Ford ES, Fox CS, Fullerton HJ, Gillespie C, Hailpern SM, Heit JA, Howard VJ, Kissela BM, Kittner SJ, Lackland DT, Lichtman JH, Lisabeth LD, Makuc DM, Marcus GM, Marelli A, Matchar DB, Moy CS, Mozaffarian D, Mussolino ME, Nichol G, Paynter NP, Soliman EZ, Sorlie PD, Sotoodehnia N, Turan TN, Virani SS, Wong ND, Woo D, Turner MB; American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Heart disease and stroke statistics--2012 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2012 Jan 3;125(1):e2-e220. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0b013e31823ac046. Epub 2011 Dec 15. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 24297188Dewland TA, Vittinghoff E, Mandyam MC, Heckbert SR, Siscovick DS, Stein PK, Psaty BM, Sotoodehnia N, Gottdiener JS, Marcus GM. Atrial ectopy as a predictor of incident atrial fibrillation: a cohort study. Ann Intern Med. 2013 Dec 3;159(11):721-8. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-159-11-201312030-00004.
- Background: PubMed 26160626Dukes JW, Dewland TA, Vittinghoff E, Mandyam MC, Heckbert SR, Siscovick DS, Stein PK, Psaty BM, Sotoodehnia N, Gottdiener JS, Marcus GM. Ventricular Ectopy as a Predictor of Heart Failure and Death. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2015 Jul 14;66(2):101-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.04.062.
- Background: PubMed 14563598Blomstrom-Lundqvist C, Scheinman MM, Aliot EM, Alpert JS, Calkins H, Camm AJ, Campbell WB, Haines DE, Kuck KH, Lerman BB, Miller DD, Shaeffer CW, Stevenson WG, Tomaselli GF, Antman EM, Smith SC Jr, Alpert JS, Faxon DP, Fuster V, Gibbons RJ, Gregoratos G, Hiratzka LF, Hunt SA, Jacobs AK, Russell RO Jr, Priori SG, Blanc JJ, Budaj A, Burgos EF, Cowie M, Deckers JW, Garcia MA, Klein WW, Lekakis J, Lindahl B, Mazzotta G, Morais JC, Oto A, Smiseth O, Trappe HJ; European Society of Cardiology Committee, NASPE-Heart Rhythm Society. ACC/AHA/ESC guidelines for the management of patients with supraventricular arrhythmias--executive summary. a report of the American college of cardiology/American heart association task force on practice guidelines and the European society of cardiology committee for practice guidelines (writing committee to develop guidelines for the management of patients with supraventricular arrhythmias) developed in collaboration with NASPE-Heart Rhythm Society. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003 Oct 15;42(8):1493-531. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2003.08.013. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 26813889Dixit S, Stein PK, Dewland TA, Dukes JW, Vittinghoff E, Heckbert SR, Marcus GM. Consumption of Caffeinated Products and Cardiac Ectopy. J Am Heart Assoc. 2016 Jan 26;5(1):e002503. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.115.002503.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 36947466Marcus GM, Rosenthal DG, Nah G, Vittinghoff E, Fang C, Ogomori K, Joyce S, Yilmaz D, Yang V, Kessedjian T, Wilson E, Yang M, Chang K, Wall G, Olgin JE. Acute Effects of Coffee Consumption on Health among Ambulatory Adults. N Engl J Med. 2023 Mar 23;388(12):1092-1100. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2204737.
- Ventricular Premature Complexes Treatment \& ManagementLink provided by the sponsor.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Gregory M Marcus, MD, MAS principal investigator
University of California, San Francisco
David Rosenthal, MD principal investigator
University of California, San Francisco
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Start: On Caffeine and Start: Off Caffeine in people with Premature Atrial Contractions and Premature Ventricular Contractions, run by University of California, San Francisco at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 7 Oct 2022. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Change in PAC frequency (time frame: Baseline and after completion of coffee consumption, up to 2 weeks). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT03671759, which also lists 8 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 7 Oct 2022.