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Hamstring InjuryNCT03697473

A Comparison of Hip Extension and Nordic Hamstring Exercise Programmes on Isokinetic Hamstring Strength

A study testing Nordic hamstring exercise and Hip extension exercise in people with Hamstring Injury, run by Dublin City University.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

This study aimed to compare the effect of two hamstring strengthening programmes on hamstring muscle strength in Gaelic footballers. 26 Gaelic footballers were recruited and randomly assigned to one of two 4-week hamstring strengthening programmes, namely the hip extension exercise programme and the Nordic hamstring… Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 to 35 years, men onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
Conditions the study is for
Hamstring Injury
What is being tested?
Nordic hamstring exercise and Hip extension exercise
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
26 participants
Where
No sites listed yet
Study dates
5 Jan 2017to 30 Apr 2017
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 to 35 years
  • Men only
  • Healthy volunteers accepted
  • Adult

Who may be able to join

  • male
  • free from hamstring injury in the 6 months prior to the study
  • currently playing Gaelic football at a varsity level on at least three occasions per week

Who cannot join

  • history of a hip or knee injury in the 3 months prior to the study
  • a history of anterior cruciate ligament rupture
  • a history of involvement in a hamstring strengthening, injury prevention programme in the 3 months prior to the study.

About this study

This study aimed to compare the effect of two hamstring strengthening programmes on hamstring muscle strength in Gaelic footballers. 26 Gaelic footballers were recruited and randomly assigned to one of two 4-week hamstring strengthening programmes, namely the hip extension exercise programme and the Nordic hamstring exercise protocol. Isokinetic hamstring and quadriceps strength were measured before and after the intervention.

Read the detailed description

Recruitment:

Participants were recruited from the local university sports clubs. Club chairpersons were asked to send an email to club players. Players interested in participating in the study expressed an interest by replying to the email. Potential participants were asked to attend a meeting where they had the study explained to them. Those who were interested were then assessed for inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Group allocation:

A four block randomisation method was used to allocate participants to the Nordic hamstring exercise protocol or the hip extension exercise protocol.

Interventions:

The Nordic hamstring exercise protocol or the hip extension exercise protocol

Testing procedure:

The isokinetic strength of the participants' hamstrings and quadriceps were recorded before and after the exercise intervention.

A 10 point visual analogue scale was used to record the level of muscle soreness experienced after each training session.

Being tested
Nordic hamstring exercise, Hip extension exercise
Keywords
Hamstring strength, Isokinetics, Nordic hamstring exercise, Eccentric strength, Hip extension exercise

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Nordic hamstring exerciseOther

    The exercise protocol consisted of the following sets and repetitions Week 1 - 2 sessions with 2 sets of 6 repetitions. Week 2 - 2 sessions with 3 sets of 6 repetitions Week 3 - 2 sessions with 4 sets of 8 repetitions. Week 4 - 2 sessions with 4 sets of 10 repetitions.

  • Hip extension exerciseOther

    The exercise protocol consisted of the following sets and repetitions Week 1 - 2 sessions with 2 sets of 6 repetitions. Week 2 - 2 sessions with 3 sets of 6 repetitions Week 3 - 2 sessions with 4 sets of 8 repetitions. Week 4 - 2 sessions with 4 sets of 10 repetitions.

Study groups in NCT03697473
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Nordic Hamstring Exercise GroupActive comparatorParticipants were required to kneel on a gym mat keeping their hips in a slightly flexed position and to slowly lower themselves in a controlled manner as far as they could towards the ground. When they could no longer lower themselves as such, they were instructed to utilise their arms to buffer the fall and touch their chest off the ground, while maintaining tension in their hamstrings. Once their chest touched the ground they were instructed to immediately return to the starting position by pushing up with their hands.
Receives: Other: Nordic hamstring exercise
Hip Extension Exercise GroupExperimentalThe participant lay on an exercise bench at a 45° angle with their hips held just over the top of the bench, their trunk erect and hips extended and their heel supported. Participants slowly flexed their hip until they reached 90° from the starting position and were then required to return to the starting position by extending through the hip while maintaining a neutral pelvic and trunk posture throughout. This exercise was then repeated on the opposite leg
Receives: Other: Hip extension exercise

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Peak isokinetic eccentric hamstring strength at 60°.s-1

    This was measured using an isokinetic dynamometer

    Measured: Change from baseline assessment at six weeks

Secondary outcomes (3)

  1. Functional hamstring-to-quadriceps ratio at 60°.s-1

    This was calculated by dividing the peak isokinetic, eccentric hamstring strength at 60°.s-1 by the peak isokinetic, concentric quadriceps strength at 60°.s-1

    Measured: Change from baseline assessment at six weeks

  2. Between limb, isokinetic eccentric hamstring strength asymmetries

    Between limb eccentric strength percentage asymmetries were calculated as a non-dominant/dominant ratio converted to percentage difference using log transformation.

    Measured: Change from baseline assessment at six weeks

  3. Muscle soreness rating following exercise

    Participants used a 10 point visual analogue scale to record the level of muscle soreness experienced after training sessions.

    The scale consisted of a single scale of 0 to 10 where 0 was no soreness at all and 10 was the greatest soreness they could imagine. A higher score indicated a worse outcome. There are no subscales included in this.

    Measured: 1 minute at the end of each intervention session

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted5 Oct 2018
  2. Study start5 Jan 2017
  3. Primary completion30 Apr 2017
  4. Study completion30 Apr 2017

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Basic science
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Masking
Single blind
Who is masked
Outcomes assessor
Enrolment
26 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT03697473
Sponsor's protocol ID
2016_007_EW
Status last verified
Oct 2018
First submitted
27 Sep 2018
Last updated
5 Oct 2018
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
Undecided: Anonymised data may be shared to allow future analysis by other researchers

Publications

  • van der Horst N, Smits DW, Petersen J, Goedhart EA, Backx FJ. The preventive effect of the nordic hamstring exercise on hamstring injuries in amateur soccer players: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Sports Med. 2015 Jun;43(6):1316-23. doi: 10.1177/0363546515574057. Epub 2015 Mar 20.

    PubMed 25794868

  • Bourne MN, Timmins RG, Opar DA, Pizzari T, Ruddy JD, Sims C, Williams MD, Shield AJ. An Evidence-Based Framework for Strengthening Exercises to Prevent Hamstring Injury. Sports Med. 2018 Feb;48(2):251-267. doi: 10.1007/s40279-017-0796-x.

    PubMed 29116573

  • Bourne MN, Duhig SJ, Timmins RG, Williams MD, Opar DA, Al Najjar A, Kerr GK, Shield AJ. Impact of the Nordic hamstring and hip extension exercises on hamstring architecture and morphology: implications for injury prevention. Br J Sports Med. 2017 Mar;51(5):469-477. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2016-096130. Epub 2016 Sep 22.

    PubMed 27660368

  • Bijur PE, Silver W, Gallagher EJ. Reliability of the visual analog scale for measurement of acute pain. Acad Emerg Med. 2001 Dec;8(12):1153-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2001.tb01132.x.

    PubMed 11733293

  • Impellizzeri FM, Bizzini M, Rampinini E, Cereda F, Maffiuletti NA. Reliability of isokinetic strength imbalance ratios measured using the Cybex NORM dynamometer. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging. 2008 Mar;28(2):113-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-097X.2007.00786.x. Epub 2007 Dec 7.

    PubMed 18070123

  • Lee JWY, Mok KM, Chan HCK, Yung PSH, Chan KM. Eccentric hamstring strength deficit and poor hamstring-to-quadriceps ratio are risk factors for hamstring strain injury in football: A prospective study of 146 professional players. J Sci Med Sport. 2018 Aug;21(8):789-793. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2017.11.017. Epub 2017 Dec 5.

    PubMed 29233665

  • Opar DA, Williams MD, Timmins RG, Hickey J, Duhig SJ, Shield AJ. Eccentric hamstring strength and hamstring injury risk in Australian footballers. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2015 Apr;47(4):857-65. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000000465.

    PubMed 25137368

  • Whyte EF, Heneghan B, Feely K, Moran KA, O'Connor S. The Effect of Hip Extension and Nordic Hamstring Exercise Protocols on Hamstring Strength: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Strength Cond Res. 2021 Oct 1;35(10):2682-2689. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000003220.

    PubMed 31356512

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing Nordic hamstring exercise and Hip extension exercise in people with Hamstring Injury, run by Dublin City University.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 5 Oct 2018. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Peak isokinetic eccentric hamstring strength at 60°.s-1 (time frame: Change from baseline assessment at six weeks). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT03697473, which also lists 8 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 5 Oct 2018.

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