Myocardial Infarction PostoperativeNCT04077294
Preoperative BNP: Epidemiological Patterns, Management Strategies and Cost Analysis of Care
An observational study of Myocardial Infarction Postoperative and Myocardial Injury, run by University of Alberta at 1 site in Canada.
Trial summary
Recently, the use of preoperative BNP as a preoperative risk stratifcation tool was added to the Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) guidelines (4) on perioperative cardiac risk assessment and management for patients who undergo noncardiac surgery, based on the prognostic value of preoperative BNP in indentifiy… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Myocardial Infarction Postoperative, Myocardial Injury, Death, Cardiac
- What is being tested?
- Cardiac risk stratification using preoperative BNP measurement, followed by postoperative cardiac monitoring and Use of traditional perioperative cardiac risk stratification only
- How many people
- 333 participants
- Where
- 1 siteCanada
- Study dates
- 21 May 2019to 12 Sep 2019
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Study population: The study population will consist of adult patients undergoing elective non-cardiac surgery with an overnight hospital stay meeting one of the following criteria: 1. age ≥ 65 2. a revised cardiac risk index (RCRI) ≥ 1 (see Appendix 1) 3. age 45 - 64 with significant cardiovascular disease* Patients will be identified and recruited in the anesthesia preadmission clinic prior to surgery. *Known history of coronary artery disease, cerebral vascular disease, peripheral artery disease, congestive heart failure, severe PHTN or a severe obstructive intracardiac abnormality (eg, severe aortic stenosis, severe mitral stenosis, or severe hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy).
Who may be able to join
- All adult patients:
- ≥ 65 years of age
- ≥ 18 years of age with a revised cardiac risk index (RCRI) ≥ 1
- between 45 and 64 years of age with significant cardiovascular disease
- Elective non-cardiac surgery with an overnight hospital stay (minimum 1 day)
Who cannot join
- Subjects < 18 years of age
- Patient refusal to participate
- Patients undergoing cardiac surgery
- Patients undergoing day surgery (< 1day hospital admission)
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Canada1 site
University of Alberta Hospital Pre-Admission Clinic
Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2B7
About this study
Official title: Epidemiological Patterns, Management Strategies and Cost Analysis of Care for the Patient With Perioperative Myocardial Injury When BNP is Used as a Screening Tool for Non-Cardiac Surgery
Recently, the use of preoperative BNP as a preoperative risk stratifcation tool was added to the Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) guidelines (4) on perioperative cardiac risk assessment and management for patients who undergo noncardiac surgery, based on the prognostic value of preoperative BNP in indentifiy patients at significant risk of 30-day mortality, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery (MINS). While the value of screening for high risk patients through the use of preoperative BNP been demonstrated, the management of postoperative ischemia is less clear. Therefore, this study aims to:
- Evaluation of the use of BNP as a preoperative screening biomarker; how often is it ordered in Anesthesia Preadmission Clinic and what is the incidence of a positive result (BNP ≥ 92 ng/L)
- Determine the incidence of myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery (MINS) at 30 days and myocardial infarction at 1 year at a tertiary care center when BNP is used as a screening tool
- Record patterns of management of patients with MINS
- Determine the cost associated with the different patterns of management of MINS
- Comparison with a cohort group who qualified for BNP screening according to CCS guidelines but did not have it measured. The investigators will attempt to evaluate the cohort group for MINS at 30 days and myocardial infarction at 1 year.
Read the detailed description
Major cardiac complications are responsible for at least a third of perioperative deaths and are associated with significant morbidity, prolonged hospitalization and increased costs. This number is expected to rise as more surgeries are undertaken in older and frailer patients. The term myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery (MINS) is used to describe all myocardial injury due to ischemia occurring in the first 30 days after surgery. MINS includes:
- myocardial infarction (cardiac troponin I ≥ 0.04 ug/L) with at least one of: symptoms of ischemia, new ST segment / T wave changes or new left bundle branch block, pathological Q waves, new loss of viable myocardium or regional wall motion abnormality on echocardiogram, intracoronary thrombus identified on angiogram.
- myocardial injury without MI (elevated troponin without the additional criteria needed to diagnose MI).
The Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) has developed a set of guidelines to help stratify which patients are at higher risk for cardiac mortality. In the latest revision of these guidelines, preoperative B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) has been identified as a powerful independent predictor of perioperative cardiovascular complications. BNP is a protein released from ventricular cardiomyocytes. It is released in limited amounts during physiological conditions but this is increased significantly in ventricular failure, inflammation, fibrosis, ischemia and hypoxia. Rodseth et al. conducted a systematic review of the prognostic value of preoperative BNP and postoperative BNP in noncardiac surgery and showed that elevated preoperative BNP (i.e. ≥ 92 ng/l) carries a significant risk of 30-day mortality or nonfatal MI (21.8%). This is a significantly lower BNP value compared to what is typically seen in congestive cardiac failure patients. This study has been used to support the most recent CCS guidelines which add preoperative BNP as an important preoperative cardiac risk stratification tool. According to the CCS guidelines, patients with an elevated preoperative BNP should have daily troponins measured for 48 - 72 hours after surgery.
Troponins are components of the myocardial cell involved in contractility, specific subtypes I and T are expressed almost exclusively in the heart. An elevated troponin reflects necrosis of myocardial cells and is extremely useful in the diagnosis of a myocardial infarction. Even a slight elevation in postoperative troponins (TnTi ≥ 0.03ng/ml) without ischemic clinical symptoms can lead to a higher mortality, nonfatal cardiac arrest, nonfatal congestive heart failure, and nonfatal stroke.
While the value of screening for high risk patients through the use of preoperative BNP been demonstrated, the management of postoperative ischemia is less clear. At present, CCS guidelines recommend optimizing aspirin and statin therapy in patients with MINS, but no clear strategy has been elucidated. Evidence to support the use of aspirin and statins comes from the POISE trial. The MANAGE trial recommends starting patients who are not at risk of bleeding on the oral anticoagulant dabigatran for two years. Patients with ST-elevation MI carry a high mortality risk without reperfusion therapy (percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass graft) and a high risk of bleeding with it. Patients with non ST-elevation MI may also require revascularization and subsequent dual antiplatelet therapy. It is evident from this brief overview that management of MINS varies from the non-invasive (aspirin and statin administration) to the invasive (PCI or CABG) depending on the extent of myocardial injury, hemodynamic stability and risk of bleeding secondary to the primary surgical procedure.
Screening for patients at risk of MINS by measuring BNP may have a significant impact on health care resources. 80% of patients with MINS are asymptomatic and go unrecognized. Screening for patients who are at risk of postoperative myocardial ischemia will ostensibly uncover a new population of patients i.e. those who, prior to BNP screening, experienced subclinical postoperative ischemia which went undiagnosed until a later juncture by which time potentially worse and irreversible myocardial injury had occurred.
In this study the objectives are to investigate:
- incidence of qualification for BNP measurement as determined by CCS guidelines
- incidence of patients with BNP ≥ 92 ng/L
- incidence of MINS (myocardial infarction and myocardial injury without MI) at 30 days and incidence of myocardial infarction at 1 year after surgery
- evaluate the management of patients with positive troponin after surgery
- identify a matched cohort group from the SPOR database
- compare the incidence and timing of MINS in the BNP group versus that in a matched cohort group who qualified for BNP screening but did not have it done
- determination of cost of screening, diagnosis and management of MINS and MI for up to 1 year after surgery when BNP is used as a screening tool
In this study, elective patients deemed at risk of a postoperative cardiac event will be monitored, as determined by preoperative BNP measurement, up to 1 year postoperatively. BNP positive patients will be monitored for myocardial injury postoperatively by measuring troponin daily for 72 hours. The incidence of MINS (MI and myocardial injury without MI) in BNP positive patients will be determined. Patients with troponin I ≥ 0.04 ug/L will be referred to the cardiology consult service for further evaluation and management. Subsequent management will be categorized as 1) monitor 2) medical management and 3) revascularization. A cost analysis of the management of all three groups will be performed.
- Being tested
- Cardiac risk stratification using preoperative BNP measurement, followed by postoperative cardiac monitoring, Use of traditional perioperative cardiac risk stratification only
- Keywords
- Preoperative BNP, Perioperative cardiac risk stratification, Myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery (MINS), Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) guidelines
- Medical subject headings
- Death
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Cardiac risk stratification using preoperative BNP measurement, followed by postoperative cardiac monitoringOther
Patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery risk stratified using BNP measurements according to CCS guidelines.
Use of traditional perioperative cardiac risk stratification onlyOther
Patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery risk stratified using tools other than BNP measurement such as revised cardiac risk index (RCRI).
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Preoperative BNP used for cardiac risk stratification | Cohort of patients recruited in the pre-admission clinic who qualified for, and underwent, preoperative BNP screening according to CCS guidelines. Receives: Other: Cardiac risk stratification using preoperative BNP measurement, followed by postoperative cardiac monitoring | |
| Preoperative BNP not used for cardiac risk stratification | Cohort of patients from patient care database (SPOR) who qualified for preoperative BNP screening according to CCS guidelines, but did not receive screening due to surgery occurring before the implementation of the CCS guidelines. Receives: Other: Use of traditional perioperative cardiac risk stratification only |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Preoperative Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) ≥ 92 ng/L
Number of participants with preoperative BNP ≥ 92 ng/L
Measured: From date of preoperative consultation up to the day of surgery, assessed up to 6 months.
Postoperative troponin I ≥ 0.04 ug / L
Incidence of myocardial injury in the early postoperative period after non-cardiac surgery (MINS)
Measured: From the end of the surgical procedure to 72 hours postoperatively
Myocardial injury at 30 days after surgery
Incidence of myocardial injury 30 days after surgery at risk in patients as determined by preoperative BNP measurement
Measured: 30 days after surgery
Myocardial injury 1 year after surgery
Incidence of myocardial injury 1 year after surgery at risk in patients as determined by preoperative BNP measurement
Measured: 1 year after surgery
Secondary outcomes (2)
Observation of management patterns 30 days after surgery in patients with myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery (MINS)
The management strategies used to treat patients with MINS will be categorized as 1) monitoring only, 2) medical management, or 3) revascularization. There is no measurement tool or scale. This is an observational component where management of myocardial injury after surgery will be broadly categorized as 1) monitoring only, 2) medical management, or 3) revascularization.
Measured: 30 days after surgery
Observation of management patterns 1 year after surgery in patients with myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery (MINS)
The management strategies used to treat patients with MINS will be categorized as 1) monitoring only, 2) medical management, or 3) revascularization. There is no measurement tool or scale. This is an observational component where management of myocardial injury after surgery will be broadly categorized as 1) monitoring only, 2) medical management, or 3) revascularization.
Measured: 1 year after surgery
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted4 Sep 2019
- Study start21 May 2019
- Primary completion12 Sep 2019
- Study completion12 Sep 2019
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (9)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Myocardial Infarction PostoperativeStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by University of AlbertaThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Enrolment
- 333 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Alberta
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Derek Dillane, MD, Principal investigator, University of Alberta
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04077294
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- Pro00086046
- Status last verified
- Jul 2022
- First submitted
- 5 Jul 2019
- Last updated
- 28 Jul 2022
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Botto F, Alonso-Coello P, Chan MT, Villar JC, Xavier D, Srinathan S, Guyatt G, Cruz P, Graham M, Wang CY, Berwanger O, Pearse RM, Biccard BM, Abraham V, Malaga G, Hillis GS, Rodseth RN, Cook D, Polanczyk CA, Szczeklik W, Sessler DI, Sheth T, Ackland GL, Leuwer M, Garg AX, Lemanach Y, Pettit S, Heels-Ansdell D, Luratibuse G, Walsh M, Sapsford R, Schunemann HJ, Kurz A, Thomas S, Mrkobrada M, Thabane L, Gerstein H, Paniagua P, Nagele P, Raina P, Yusuf S, Devereaux PJ, Devereaux PJ, Sessler DI, Walsh M, Guyatt G, McQueen MJ, Bhandari M, Cook D, Bosch J, Buckley N, Yusuf S, Chow CK, Hillis GS, Halliwell R, Li S, Lee VW, Mooney J, Polanczyk CA, Furtado MV, Berwanger O, Suzumura E, Santucci E, Leite K, Santo JA, Jardim CA, Cavalcanti AB, Guimaraes HP, Jacka MJ, Graham M, McAlister F, McMurtry S, Townsend D, Pannu N, Bagshaw S, Bessissow A, Bhandari M, Duceppe E, Eikelboom J, Ganame J, Hankinson J, Hill S, Jolly S, Lamy A, Ling E, Magloire P, Pare G, Reddy D, Szalay D, Tittley J, Weitz J, Whitlock R, Darvish-Kazim S, Debeer J, Kavsak P, Kearon C, Mizera R, O'Donnell M, McQueen M, Pinthus J, Ribas S, Simunovic M, Tandon V, Vanhelder T, Winemaker M, Gerstein H, McDonald S, O'Bryne P, Patel A, Paul J, Punthakee Z, Raymer K, Salehian O, Spencer F, Walter S, Worster A, Adili A, Clase C, Cook D, Crowther M, Douketis J, Gangji A, Jackson P, Lim W, Lovrics P, Mazzadi S, Orovan W, Rudkowski J, Soth M, Tiboni M, Acedillo R, Garg A, Hildebrand A, Lam N, Macneil D, Mrkobrada M, Roshanov PS, Srinathan SK, Ramsey C, John PS, Thorlacius L, Siddiqui FS, Grocott HP, McKay A, Lee TW, Amadeo R, Funk D, McDonald H, Zacharias J, Villar JC, Cortes OL, Chaparro MS, Vasquez S, Castaneda A, Ferreira S, Coriat P, Monneret D, Goarin JP, Esteve CI, Royer C, Daas G, Chan MT, Choi GY, Gin T, Lit LC, Xavier D, Sigamani A, Faruqui A, Dhanpal R, Almeida S, Cherian J, Furruqh S, Abraham V, Afzal L, George P, Mala S, Schunemann H, Muti P, Vizza E, Wang CY, Ong GS, Mansor M, Tan AS, Shariffuddin II, Vasanthan V, Hashim NH, Undok AW, Ki U, Lai HY, Ahmad WA, Razack AH, Malaga G, Valderrama-Victoria V, Loza-Herrera JD, De Los Angeles Lazo M, Rotta-Rotta A, Szczeklik W, Sokolowska B, Musial J, Gorka J, Iwaszczuk P, Kozka M, Chwala M, Raczek M, Mrowiecki T, Kaczmarek B, Biccard B, Cassimjee H, Gopalan D, Kisten T, Mugabi A, Naidoo P, Naidoo R, Rodseth R, Skinner D, Torborg A, Paniagua P, Urrutia G, Maestre ML, Santalo M, Gonzalez R, Font A, Martinez C, Pelaez X, De Antonio M, Villamor JM, Garcia JA, Ferre MJ, Popova E, Alonso-Coello P, Garutti I, Cruz P, Fernandez C, Palencia M, Diaz S, Del Castillo T, Varela A, de Miguel A, Munoz M, Pineiro P, Cusati G, Del Barrio M, Membrillo MJ, Orozco D, Reyes F, Sapsford RJ, Barth J, Scott J, Hall A, Howell S, Lobley M, Woods J, Howard S, Fletcher J, Dewhirst N, Williams C, Rushton A, Welters I, Leuwer M, Pearse R, Ackland G, Khan A, Niebrzegowska E, Benton S, Wragg A, Archbold A, Smith A, McAlees E, Ramballi C, Macdonald N, Januszewska M, Stephens R, Reyes A, Paredes LG, Sultan P, Cain D, Whittle J, Del Arroyo AG, Sessler DI, Kurz A, Sun Z, Finnegan PS, Egan C, Honar H, Shahinyan A, Panjasawatwong K, Fu AY, Wang S, Reineks E, Nagele P, Blood J, Kalin M, Gibson D, Wildes T; Vascular events In noncardiac Surgery patIents cOhort evaluatioN (VISION) Writing Group, on behalf of The Vascular events In noncardiac Surgery patIents cOhort evaluatioN (VISION) Investigators; Appendix 1. The Vascular events In noncardiac Surgery patIents cOhort evaluatioN (VISION) Study Investigators Writing Group; Appendix 2. The Vascular events In noncardiac Surgery patIents cOhort evaluatioN Operations Committee; Vascular events In noncardiac Surgery patIents cOhort evaluatioN VISION Study Investigators. Myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery: a large, international, prospective cohort study establishing diagnostic criteria, characteristics, predictors, and 30-day outcomes. Anesthesiology. 2014 Mar;120(3):564-78. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000000113.
PubMed 24534856Udeh BL, Dalton JE, Hata JS, Udeh CI, Sessler DI. Economic trends from 2003 to 2010 for perioperative myocardial infarction: a retrospective, cohort study. Anesthesiology. 2014 Jul;121(1):36-45. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000000233.
PubMed 24662375van Waes JA, Nathoe HM, de Graaff JC, Kemperman H, de Borst GJ, Peelen LM, van Klei WA; Cardiac Health After Surgery (CHASE) Investigators. Myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery and its association with short-term mortality. Circulation. 2013 Jun 11;127(23):2264-71. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.002128. Epub 2013 May 10.
PubMed 23667270Duceppe E, Parlow J, MacDonald P, Lyons K, McMullen M, Srinathan S, Graham M, Tandon V, Styles K, Bessissow A, Sessler DI, Bryson G, Devereaux PJ. Canadian Cardiovascular Society Guidelines on Perioperative Cardiac Risk Assessment and Management for Patients Who Undergo Noncardiac Surgery. Can J Cardiol. 2017 Jan;33(1):17-32. doi: 10.1016/j.cjca.2016.09.008. Epub 2016 Oct 4.
PubMed 27865641Rodseth RN, Biccard BM, Le Manach Y, Sessler DI, Lurati Buse GA, Thabane L, Schutt RC, Bolliger D, Cagini L, Cardinale D, Chong CP, Chu R, Cnotliwy M, Di Somma S, Fahrner R, Lim WK, Mahla E, Manikandan R, Puma F, Pyun WB, Radovic M, Rajagopalan S, Suttie S, Vanniyasingam T, van Gaal WJ, Waliszek M, Devereaux PJ. The prognostic value of pre-operative and post-operative B-type natriuretic peptides in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery: B-type natriuretic peptide and N-terminal fragment of pro-B-type natriuretic peptide: a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014 Jan 21;63(2):170-80. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.08.1630. Epub 2013 Sep 26.
PubMed 24076282Thygesen K, Alpert JS, Jaffe AS, Simoons ML, Chaitman BR, White HD; Writing Group on behalf of the Joint ESC/ACCF/AHA/WHF Task Force for the Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction. Third universal definition of myocardial infarction. Glob Heart. 2012 Dec;7(4):275-95. doi: 10.1016/j.gheart.2012.08.001. Epub 2012 Sep 26. No abstract available.
PubMed 25689940Devereaux PJ, Xavier D, Pogue J, Guyatt G, Sigamani A, Garutti I, Leslie K, Rao-Melacini P, Chrolavicius S, Yang H, Macdonald C, Avezum A, Lanthier L, Hu W, Yusuf S; POISE (PeriOperative ISchemic Evaluation) Investigators. Characteristics and short-term prognosis of perioperative myocardial infarction in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery: a cohort study. Ann Intern Med. 2011 Apr 19;154(8):523-8. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-154-8-201104190-00003.
PubMed 21502650Devereaux PJ, Duceppe E, Guyatt G, Tandon V, Rodseth R, Biccard BM, Xavier D, Szczeklik W, Meyhoff CS, Vincent J, Franzosi MG, Srinathan SK, Erb J, Magloire P, Neary J, Rao M, Rahate PV, Chaudhry NK, Mayosi B, de Nadal M, Iglesias PP, Berwanger O, Villar JC, Botto F, Eikelboom JW, Sessler DI, Kearon C, Pettit S, Sharma M, Connolly SJ, Bangdiwala SI, Rao-Melacini P, Hoeft A, Yusuf S; MANAGE Investigators. Dabigatran in patients with myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery (MANAGE): an international, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2018 Jun 9;391(10137):2325-2334. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30832-8.
PubMed 29900874Writing Committee for the VISION Study Investigators; Devereaux PJ, Biccard BM, Sigamani A, Xavier D, Chan MTV, Srinathan SK, Walsh M, Abraham V, Pearse R, Wang CY, Sessler DI, Kurz A, Szczeklik W, Berwanger O, Villar JC, Malaga G, Garg AX, Chow CK, Ackland G, Patel A, Borges FK, Belley-Cote EP, Duceppe E, Spence J, Tandon V, Williams C, Sapsford RJ, Polanczyk CA, Tiboni M, Alonso-Coello P, Faruqui A, Heels-Ansdell D, Lamy A, Whitlock R, LeManach Y, Roshanov PS, McGillion M, Kavsak P, McQueen MJ, Thabane L, Rodseth RN, Buse GAL, Bhandari M, Garutti I, Jacka MJ, Schunemann HJ, Cortes OL, Coriat P, Dvirnik N, Botto F, Pettit S, Jaffe AS, Guyatt GH. Association of Postoperative High-Sensitivity Troponin Levels With Myocardial Injury and 30-Day Mortality Among Patients Undergoing Noncardiac Surgery. JAMA. 2017 Apr 25;317(16):1642-1651. doi: 10.1001/jama.2017.4360.
PubMed 28444280
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 28 Jul 2022. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Epidemiological Patterns, Management Strategies and Cost Analysis of Care for the Patient With Perioperative Myocardial Injury When BNP is Used as a Screening Tool for Non-Cardiac Surgery
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04077294
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- Pro00086046
- Keywords
- Preoperative BNP, Perioperative cardiac risk stratification, Myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery (MINS), Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) guidelines
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 333 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of AlbertaUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 21 May 2019 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 12 Sep 2019 (actual)
- Study completion
- 12 Sep 2019 (actual)
- First posted
- 4 Sep 2019 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Recently, the use of preoperative BNP as a preoperative risk stratifcation tool was added to the Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) guidelines (4) on perioperative cardiac risk assessment and management for patients who undergo noncardiac surgery, based on the prognostic value of preoperative BNP in indentifiy patients at significant risk of 30-day mortality, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery (MINS). While the value of screening for high risk patients through the use of preoperative BNP been demonstrated, the management of postoperative ischemia is less clear. Therefore, this study aims to:
- Evaluation of the use of BNP as a preoperative screening biomarker; how often is it ordered in Anesthesia Preadmission Clinic and what is the incidence of a positive result (BNP ≥ 92 ng/L)
- Determine the incidence of myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery (MINS) at 30 days and myocardial infarction at 1 year at a tertiary care center when BNP is used as a screening tool
- Record patterns of management of patients with MINS
- Determine the cost associated with the different patterns of management of MINS
- Comparison with a cohort group who qualified for BNP screening according to CCS guidelines but did not have it measured. The investigators will attempt to evaluate the cohort group for MINS at 30 days and myocardial infarction at 1 year.
Detailed description
Major cardiac complications are responsible for at least a third of perioperative deaths and are associated with significant morbidity, prolonged hospitalization and increased costs. This number is expected to rise as more surgeries are undertaken in older and frailer patients. The term myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery (MINS) is used to describe all myocardial injury due to ischemia occurring in the first 30 days after surgery. MINS includes:
- myocardial infarction (cardiac troponin I ≥ 0.04 ug/L) with at least one of: symptoms of ischemia, new ST segment / T wave changes or new left bundle branch block, pathological Q waves, new loss of viable myocardium or regional wall motion abnormality on echocardiogram, intracoronary thrombus identified on angiogram.
- myocardial injury without MI (elevated troponin without the additional criteria needed to diagnose MI).
The Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) has developed a set of guidelines to help stratify which patients are at higher risk for cardiac mortality. In the latest revision of these guidelines, preoperative B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) has been identified as a powerful independent predictor of perioperative cardiovascular complications. BNP is a protein released from ventricular cardiomyocytes. It is released in limited amounts during physiological conditions but this is increased significantly in ventricular failure, inflammation, fibrosis, ischemia and hypoxia. Rodseth et al. conducted a systematic review of the prognostic value of preoperative BNP and postoperative BNP in noncardiac surgery and showed that elevated preoperative BNP (i.e. ≥ 92 ng/l) carries a significant risk of 30-day mortality or nonfatal MI (21.8%). This is a significantly lower BNP value compared to what is typically seen in congestive cardiac failure patients. This study has been used to support the most recent CCS guidelines which add preoperative BNP as an important preoperative cardiac risk stratification tool. According to the CCS guidelines, patients with an elevated preoperative BNP should have daily troponins measured for 48 - 72 hours after surgery.
Troponins are components of the myocardial cell involved in contractility, specific subtypes I and T are expressed almost exclusively in the heart. An elevated troponin reflects necrosis of myocardial cells and is extremely useful in the diagnosis of a myocardial infarction. Even a slight elevation in postoperative troponins (TnTi ≥ 0.03ng/ml) without ischemic clinical symptoms can lead to a higher mortality, nonfatal cardiac arrest, nonfatal congestive heart failure, and nonfatal stroke.
While the value of screening for high risk patients through the use of preoperative BNP been demonstrated, the management of postoperative ischemia is less clear. At present, CCS guidelines recommend optimizing aspirin and statin therapy in patients with MINS, but no clear strategy has been elucidated. Evidence to support the use of aspirin and statins comes from the POISE trial. The MANAGE trial recommends starting patients who are not at risk of bleeding on the oral anticoagulant dabigatran for two years. Patients with ST-elevation MI carry a high mortality risk without reperfusion therapy (percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass graft) and a high risk of bleeding with it. Patients with non ST-elevation MI may also require revascularization and subsequent dual antiplatelet therapy. It is evident from this brief overview that management of MINS varies from the non-invasive (aspirin and statin administration) to the invasive (PCI or CABG) depending on the extent of myocardial injury, hemodynamic stability and risk of bleeding secondary to the primary surgical procedure.
Screening for patients at risk of MINS by measuring BNP may have a significant impact on health care resources. 80% of patients with MINS are asymptomatic and go unrecognized. Screening for patients who are at risk of postoperative myocardial ischemia will ostensibly uncover a new population of patients i.e. those who, prior to BNP screening, experienced subclinical postoperative ischemia which went undiagnosed until a later juncture by which time potentially worse and irreversible myocardial injury had occurred.
In this study the objectives are to investigate:
- incidence of qualification for BNP measurement as determined by CCS guidelines
- incidence of patients with BNP ≥ 92 ng/L
- incidence of MINS (myocardial infarction and myocardial injury without MI) at 30 days and incidence of myocardial infarction at 1 year after surgery
- evaluate the management of patients with positive troponin after surgery
- identify a matched cohort group from the SPOR database
- compare the incidence and timing of MINS in the BNP group versus that in a matched cohort group who qualified for BNP screening but did not have it done
- determination of cost of screening, diagnosis and management of MINS and MI for up to 1 year after surgery when BNP is used as a screening tool
In this study, elective patients deemed at risk of a postoperative cardiac event will be monitored, as determined by preoperative BNP measurement, up to 1 year postoperatively. BNP positive patients will be monitored for myocardial injury postoperatively by measuring troponin daily for 72 hours. The incidence of MINS (MI and myocardial injury without MI) in BNP positive patients will be determined. Patients with troponin I ≥ 0.04 ug/L will be referred to the cardiology consult service for further evaluation and management. Subsequent management will be categorized as 1) monitor 2) medical management and 3) revascularization. A cost analysis of the management of all three groups will be performed.
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Preoperative BNP used for cardiac risk stratification | – | Other: Cardiac risk stratification using preoperative BNP measurement, followed by postoperative cardiac monitoringCohort of patients recruited in the pre-admission clinic who qualified for, and underwent, preoperative BNP screening according to CCS guidelines. |
| Preoperative BNP not used for cardiac risk stratification | – | Other: Use of traditional perioperative cardiac risk stratification onlyCohort of patients from patient care database (SPOR) who qualified for preoperative BNP screening according to CCS guidelines, but did not receive screening due to surgery occurring before the implementation of the CCS guidelines. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- The study population will consist of adult patients undergoing elective non-cardiac surgery with an overnight hospital stay meeting one of the following criteria: 1. age ≥ 65 2. a revised cardiac risk index (RCRI) ≥ 1 (see Appendix 1) 3. age 45 - 64 with significant cardiovascular disease* Patients will be identified and recruited in the anesthesia preadmission clinic prior to surgery. *Known history of coronary artery disease, cerebral vascular disease, peripheral artery disease, congestive heart failure, severe PHTN or a severe obstructive intracardiac abnormality (eg, severe aortic stenosis, severe mitral stenosis, or severe hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy).
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- All adult patients:
- Elective non-cardiac surgery with an overnight hospital stay (minimum 1 day)
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Subjects < 18 years of age
- Patient refusal to participate
- Patients undergoing cardiac surgery
- Patients undergoing day surgery (< 1day hospital admission)
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Cardiac risk stratification using preoperative BNP measurement, followed by postoperative cardiac monitoringPatients undergoing non-cardiac surgery risk stratified using BNP measurements according to CCS guidelines. | Other | Preoperative BNP used for cardiac risk stratification |
| Use of traditional perioperative cardiac risk stratification onlyPatients undergoing non-cardiac surgery risk stratified using tools other than BNP measurement such as revised cardiac risk index (RCRI). | Other | Preoperative BNP not used for cardiac risk stratification |
Primary outcome
Preoperative Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) ≥ 92 ng/L
Time frame: From date of preoperative consultation up to the day of surgery, assessed up to 6 months.
Number of participants with preoperative BNP ≥ 92 ng/L
Postoperative troponin I ≥ 0.04 ug / L
Time frame: From the end of the surgical procedure to 72 hours postoperatively
Incidence of myocardial injury in the early postoperative period after non-cardiac surgery (MINS)
Myocardial injury at 30 days after surgery
Time frame: 30 days after surgery
Incidence of myocardial injury 30 days after surgery at risk in patients as determined by preoperative BNP measurement
Myocardial injury 1 year after surgery
Time frame: 1 year after surgery
Incidence of myocardial injury 1 year after surgery at risk in patients as determined by preoperative BNP measurement
2 secondary outcomes
Observation of management patterns 30 days after surgery in patients with myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery (MINS)
Time frame: 30 days after surgery
Observation of management patterns 1 year after surgery in patients with myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery (MINS)
Time frame: 1 year after surgery
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 28 Jul 2022.
- Background: PubMed 24534856Botto F, Alonso-Coello P, Chan MT, Villar JC, Xavier D, Srinathan S, Guyatt G, Cruz P, Graham M, Wang CY, Berwanger O, Pearse RM, Biccard BM, Abraham V, Malaga G, Hillis GS, Rodseth RN, Cook D, Polanczyk CA, Szczeklik W, Sessler DI, Sheth T, Ackland GL, Leuwer M, Garg AX, Lemanach Y, Pettit S, Heels-Ansdell D, Luratibuse G, Walsh M, Sapsford R, Schunemann HJ, Kurz A, Thomas S, Mrkobrada M, Thabane L, Gerstein H, Paniagua P, Nagele P, Raina P, Yusuf S, Devereaux PJ, Devereaux PJ, Sessler DI, Walsh M, Guyatt G, McQueen MJ, Bhandari M, Cook D, Bosch J, Buckley N, Yusuf S, Chow CK, Hillis GS, Halliwell R, Li S, Lee VW, Mooney J, Polanczyk CA, Furtado MV, Berwanger O, Suzumura E, Santucci E, Leite K, Santo JA, Jardim CA, Cavalcanti AB, Guimaraes HP, Jacka MJ, Graham M, McAlister F, McMurtry S, Townsend D, Pannu N, Bagshaw S, Bessissow A, Bhandari M, Duceppe E, Eikelboom J, Ganame J, Hankinson J, Hill S, Jolly S, Lamy A, Ling E, Magloire P, Pare G, Reddy D, Szalay D, Tittley J, Weitz J, Whitlock R, Darvish-Kazim S, Debeer J, Kavsak P, Kearon C, Mizera R, O'Donnell M, McQueen M, Pinthus J, Ribas S, Simunovic M, Tandon V, Vanhelder T, Winemaker M, Gerstein H, McDonald S, O'Bryne P, Patel A, Paul J, Punthakee Z, Raymer K, Salehian O, Spencer F, Walter S, Worster A, Adili A, Clase C, Cook D, Crowther M, Douketis J, Gangji A, Jackson P, Lim W, Lovrics P, Mazzadi S, Orovan W, Rudkowski J, Soth M, Tiboni M, Acedillo R, Garg A, Hildebrand A, Lam N, Macneil D, Mrkobrada M, Roshanov PS, Srinathan SK, Ramsey C, John PS, Thorlacius L, Siddiqui FS, Grocott HP, McKay A, Lee TW, Amadeo R, Funk D, McDonald H, Zacharias J, Villar JC, Cortes OL, Chaparro MS, Vasquez S, Castaneda A, Ferreira S, Coriat P, Monneret D, Goarin JP, Esteve CI, Royer C, Daas G, Chan MT, Choi GY, Gin T, Lit LC, Xavier D, Sigamani A, Faruqui A, Dhanpal R, Almeida S, Cherian J, Furruqh S, Abraham V, Afzal L, George P, Mala S, Schunemann H, Muti P, Vizza E, Wang CY, Ong GS, Mansor M, Tan AS, Shariffuddin II, Vasanthan V, Hashim NH, Undok AW, Ki U, Lai HY, Ahmad WA, Razack AH, Malaga G, Valderrama-Victoria V, Loza-Herrera JD, De Los Angeles Lazo M, Rotta-Rotta A, Szczeklik W, Sokolowska B, Musial J, Gorka J, Iwaszczuk P, Kozka M, Chwala M, Raczek M, Mrowiecki T, Kaczmarek B, Biccard B, Cassimjee H, Gopalan D, Kisten T, Mugabi A, Naidoo P, Naidoo R, Rodseth R, Skinner D, Torborg A, Paniagua P, Urrutia G, Maestre ML, Santalo M, Gonzalez R, Font A, Martinez C, Pelaez X, De Antonio M, Villamor JM, Garcia JA, Ferre MJ, Popova E, Alonso-Coello P, Garutti I, Cruz P, Fernandez C, Palencia M, Diaz S, Del Castillo T, Varela A, de Miguel A, Munoz M, Pineiro P, Cusati G, Del Barrio M, Membrillo MJ, Orozco D, Reyes F, Sapsford RJ, Barth J, Scott J, Hall A, Howell S, Lobley M, Woods J, Howard S, Fletcher J, Dewhirst N, Williams C, Rushton A, Welters I, Leuwer M, Pearse R, Ackland G, Khan A, Niebrzegowska E, Benton S, Wragg A, Archbold A, Smith A, McAlees E, Ramballi C, Macdonald N, Januszewska M, Stephens R, Reyes A, Paredes LG, Sultan P, Cain D, Whittle J, Del Arroyo AG, Sessler DI, Kurz A, Sun Z, Finnegan PS, Egan C, Honar H, Shahinyan A, Panjasawatwong K, Fu AY, Wang S, Reineks E, Nagele P, Blood J, Kalin M, Gibson D, Wildes T; Vascular events In noncardiac Surgery patIents cOhort evaluatioN (VISION) Writing Group, on behalf of The Vascular events In noncardiac Surgery patIents cOhort evaluatioN (VISION) Investigators; Appendix 1. The Vascular events In noncardiac Surgery patIents cOhort evaluatioN (VISION) Study Investigators Writing Group; Appendix 2. The Vascular events In noncardiac Surgery patIents cOhort evaluatioN Operations Committee; Vascular events In noncardiac Surgery patIents cOhort evaluatioN VISION Study Investigators. Myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery: a large, international, prospective cohort study establishing diagnostic criteria, characteristics, predictors, and 30-day outcomes. Anesthesiology. 2014 Mar;120(3):564-78. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000000113.
- Background: PubMed 24662375Udeh BL, Dalton JE, Hata JS, Udeh CI, Sessler DI. Economic trends from 2003 to 2010 for perioperative myocardial infarction: a retrospective, cohort study. Anesthesiology. 2014 Jul;121(1):36-45. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000000233.
- Background: PubMed 23667270van Waes JA, Nathoe HM, de Graaff JC, Kemperman H, de Borst GJ, Peelen LM, van Klei WA; Cardiac Health After Surgery (CHASE) Investigators. Myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery and its association with short-term mortality. Circulation. 2013 Jun 11;127(23):2264-71. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.002128. Epub 2013 May 10.
- Background: PubMed 27865641Duceppe E, Parlow J, MacDonald P, Lyons K, McMullen M, Srinathan S, Graham M, Tandon V, Styles K, Bessissow A, Sessler DI, Bryson G, Devereaux PJ. Canadian Cardiovascular Society Guidelines on Perioperative Cardiac Risk Assessment and Management for Patients Who Undergo Noncardiac Surgery. Can J Cardiol. 2017 Jan;33(1):17-32. doi: 10.1016/j.cjca.2016.09.008. Epub 2016 Oct 4.
- Background: PubMed 24076282Rodseth RN, Biccard BM, Le Manach Y, Sessler DI, Lurati Buse GA, Thabane L, Schutt RC, Bolliger D, Cagini L, Cardinale D, Chong CP, Chu R, Cnotliwy M, Di Somma S, Fahrner R, Lim WK, Mahla E, Manikandan R, Puma F, Pyun WB, Radovic M, Rajagopalan S, Suttie S, Vanniyasingam T, van Gaal WJ, Waliszek M, Devereaux PJ. The prognostic value of pre-operative and post-operative B-type natriuretic peptides in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery: B-type natriuretic peptide and N-terminal fragment of pro-B-type natriuretic peptide: a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014 Jan 21;63(2):170-80. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.08.1630. Epub 2013 Sep 26.
- Background: PubMed 25689940Thygesen K, Alpert JS, Jaffe AS, Simoons ML, Chaitman BR, White HD; Writing Group on behalf of the Joint ESC/ACCF/AHA/WHF Task Force for the Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction. Third universal definition of myocardial infarction. Glob Heart. 2012 Dec;7(4):275-95. doi: 10.1016/j.gheart.2012.08.001. Epub 2012 Sep 26. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 21502650Devereaux PJ, Xavier D, Pogue J, Guyatt G, Sigamani A, Garutti I, Leslie K, Rao-Melacini P, Chrolavicius S, Yang H, Macdonald C, Avezum A, Lanthier L, Hu W, Yusuf S; POISE (PeriOperative ISchemic Evaluation) Investigators. Characteristics and short-term prognosis of perioperative myocardial infarction in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery: a cohort study. Ann Intern Med. 2011 Apr 19;154(8):523-8. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-154-8-201104190-00003.
- Background: PubMed 29900874Devereaux PJ, Duceppe E, Guyatt G, Tandon V, Rodseth R, Biccard BM, Xavier D, Szczeklik W, Meyhoff CS, Vincent J, Franzosi MG, Srinathan SK, Erb J, Magloire P, Neary J, Rao M, Rahate PV, Chaudhry NK, Mayosi B, de Nadal M, Iglesias PP, Berwanger O, Villar JC, Botto F, Eikelboom JW, Sessler DI, Kearon C, Pettit S, Sharma M, Connolly SJ, Bangdiwala SI, Rao-Melacini P, Hoeft A, Yusuf S; MANAGE Investigators. Dabigatran in patients with myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery (MANAGE): an international, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2018 Jun 9;391(10137):2325-2334. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30832-8.
- Background: PubMed 28444280Writing Committee for the VISION Study Investigators; Devereaux PJ, Biccard BM, Sigamani A, Xavier D, Chan MTV, Srinathan SK, Walsh M, Abraham V, Pearse R, Wang CY, Sessler DI, Kurz A, Szczeklik W, Berwanger O, Villar JC, Malaga G, Garg AX, Chow CK, Ackland G, Patel A, Borges FK, Belley-Cote EP, Duceppe E, Spence J, Tandon V, Williams C, Sapsford RJ, Polanczyk CA, Tiboni M, Alonso-Coello P, Faruqui A, Heels-Ansdell D, Lamy A, Whitlock R, LeManach Y, Roshanov PS, McGillion M, Kavsak P, McQueen MJ, Thabane L, Rodseth RN, Buse GAL, Bhandari M, Garutti I, Jacka MJ, Schunemann HJ, Cortes OL, Coriat P, Dvirnik N, Botto F, Pettit S, Jaffe AS, Guyatt GH. Association of Postoperative High-Sensitivity Troponin Levels With Myocardial Injury and 30-Day Mortality Among Patients Undergoing Noncardiac Surgery. JAMA. 2017 Apr 25;317(16):1642-1651. doi: 10.1001/jama.2017.4360.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Derek Dillane, MD principal investigator
University of Alberta
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Myocardial Infarction Postoperative and Myocardial Injury, run by University of Alberta at 1 site in Canada.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 28 Jul 2022. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Canada. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Preoperative Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) ≥ 92 ng/L (time frame: From date of preoperative consultation up to the day of surgery, assessed up to 6 months.). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT04077294, which also lists 9 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 28 Jul 2022.