Registration Study of Acute Ischemic Stroke/Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) With Atrial Fibrillation

Recurrent ischemic stroke/TIA is defined as a new focal neurological deficit of sudden onset lasting at least 24 h (or<24 h if following therapeutic intervention, i.e. thrombolysis or thrombectomy, or if the deficit results in death< 24 h), occurring>24 h after the index ischemic stroke, irrespective of vascular territory and that is not attributable to oedema, brain shift, haemorrhagic transformation, intercurrent illness, hypoxia or drug toxicity;

Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage(ICH) is defined as a new focal neurological deficit of sudden onset lasting at least 24 h with documented ICH on imaging (CT orMRI). Any intraparenchymal hematoma (≥ 10 mm) will be considered, including haemorrhagic transformation of the index ischemic stroke. However, microhaemorrhages (< 10 mm) do not fulfil the study definition of ICH. ICH will be classified as symptomatic if it is associated with≥4 points increase in total National Institutes of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) or≥2 points increase in 1 of the NIHSS categories ;

non-intracranial major hemorrhage are those that result in death or are life-threatening as defined by the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) or consume major healthcare resources, which include: - fatal bleeding; and/or - symptomatic bleeding in a critical area or organ, such as intraspinal, intraocular, retroperitoneal, intra-articular or pericardial, or intramuscular with compartment syndrome; and/or - bleeding causing a fall in haemoglobin level of≥ 20 g/L, or leading to transfusion of two or more units of whole blood or red cells; and/or - bleeding events leading to hospitalisation (in addition to the original ISTH definition)

Hemorrhagic transformation (HT) was defined on CT scan as any degree of hyperdensity within the area of low attenuation and was classified as either hemorrhagic infarction or parenchymal hematoma;symptomatic haemorrhagic transformation of the index ischemic stroke which is associated with≥4 points increase in total National Institutes of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) or≥2 points increase in 1 of the NIHSS categories

vascular death is defined as the death caused by vascular events on the basis of which platelet-rich thrombi are formed

All cause death is defined as the death from various causes

Clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding is defined as non major bleeding. resulting in hospitalization, medical or surgical intervention, or change, interruption, or discontinuation of the antithrombotic drug

Neurological disability is measured with modified ranking scale (0-5). 0:No symptoms at all; 1:Despite symptoms, it has no obvious dysfunction and can perform all daily duties and activities; 2:Mild disability, unable to complete all pre-illness activities, but without help, can take care of their own affairs;3:Moderate disability requires some help, but walking does not require help; 4:Severe disability, can not walk independently, without the help of others can not meet their own needs; 5:Severe disability, bedridden, incontinence, continuous care and attention are required.

Medication persistence with OAC therapy is defined as the absence of are fill gap of >60 days (non-persistence was defined as a gap of >60 days after the end of the day's supply of the medication of interest). Discontinuation was defined as no additional refill of the medication of interest for >90 days through to the end of follow-up.