Trigger Point Pain, MyofascialNCT04157439
Manual Treatment Regimens in Upper Trapezius Trigger Point
A study testing Experimental Group in people with Trigger Point Pain, Myofascial, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
To compare the effect of sustain pressure and Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique on individuals with upper trapezius Trigger points (TrPs). The Study Design was Randomized control trial. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 20 to 50 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Trigger Point Pain, Myofascial
- What is being tested?
- Experimental Group
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 26 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 8 Sep 2018to 28 Feb 2019
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 20 to 50 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Limited range of motion (ROM): side bending or rotation (any side)
- Pain more than 3 on NPRS
- Upper trapezius triggers points: any one
Who cannot join
- Radiculopathies
- Malignancy
- Infection
- Trauma
- Positive vertebrobasilar insufficiency (VBI)
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Pakistan1 site
Riphah International university
Rawalpindi, Punjab Province, 46000
About this study
Official title: Compare the Effects of Two Manual Treatment Regimens on Individuals With Upper Trapezius Trigger Points
To compare the effect of sustain pressure and Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique on individuals with upper trapezius Trigger points (TrPs). The Study Design was Randomized control trial. According to inclusive criteria 26 patients were randomly allocated by sealed envelope method in experimental and control group. Patients were assessed at baseline and 4th day of session on NPRS, NDI questionnaire and ranges were taken by Goniometer and pressure threshold by Algometer. There was 3 drop out and the reason was loss of follow up. Hot pack was applied to both groups for 10mints before session. Sustain pressure was given for 3sec hold and 2sec release till pain decreases in control group. While, in experimental group INIT was used. Sustain pressure was applied on MTrPs for 3sec hold and 2sec release till pain decreases, Post isometric relaxation (MET) was given with 6-10 sec hold and repeat 4 times and at last Strain counter-strain (SCS) was given to hold muscle in shortest position for 90sec or pain reduced to 3 out of 10. At last cervical stretches were given and home plan was guided.
Read the detailed description
In clinical practice the neck and head pain is the most shared problem throughout the population. 45% to 54% of the total population is affected by neck pain. Idiopathic neck prevalence during lifetime is approximately 67% to 71%, two third of whole population will experience some event of neck and head pain in some stage of their life. One of important health problem is headache which is increasing mechanism of these disorders. 38.3% population experienced tension type headache in a studies during 1 year and out of which 2.2% had the chronic cases. Occurrence of cervicogenic headache in a Scandinavian individuals was nearly 16%. In recent years other studies done on general population the estimated percentage of migraine experienced by adults was 10% to 12%. And prevalence of other type of headaches is increased tremendously in past few years. Work and activity which is limited due to this disability was documented by 60% of patients having headache. 64% working capacity was reduced because of headache. So, it is important that headache has reduced the quality of life generally Trigger point are very common but still they are overviewed and poorly managed due to practitioners who have less information regarding management of trigger points. Since long time practitioners have acknowledged the management of painful and tender muscles by stretching or elongating its fibers. Muscles having trigger points are tense when examined and it has also restricted ranges. This exaggerated tension in muscle is misinterpreted with muscle spasm
- Trigger point pain is unique and tender point in skeletal muscle or fascia that does not occur due to injury, degenerative changes, malignancy, acute infection and others.
- On palpation trigger point is like a taut band, knot or a bump under the finger in a muscle which produces a local twitch response on activation.
- When trigger point is compressed the patient reports pain in a specific pattern and give jump sign.
Clinical diagnosis presents with local tenderness and 'jump sign' due to hyperirritability of the taut band, but still it is not known that if MTrPs is due to joint and bone problem or it is a separate disorder. Current studies have theorized that pathophysiology of myofascial pain syndrome and the creation of trigger points are due to damaged or burdened muscle threads, which results in automatic shortening and decreased supply of oxygen and nutrient, and with greater metabolic demand on local tissues. While the lengthened muscle have different pathophysiology for activating MTrPs. It is also suggested that reduced elasticity of neural structures is due to decrease in length of upper trapezius muscle Referred pain pattern and location of central trigger point 1 in the middle of vertical fibers of upper part of trap muscle. The central trigger point 2 in the middle of the horizontal fibers of the upper part of the trapezius. Central point 3 is in lower fibers of trapezius muscle. Trigger point 4 is at the lateral attachment of the lower fibers of trapezius muscle. This painful area is enthesopathy at the end of the tight bands associated with trigger point 3. In middle fibers of trapezius trigger point 5 is found, whereas 6th trigger point is found at the lateral attachment of middle fibers. The trigger point 7 is also in middle fibers Sustain pressure is application of gradually strong, painful pressure on trigger point for management of trigger points. By applying progressive pressure the ischemia is produced at local point using thumb or pressure Algometer and gradually the pain is reduced thus the investigators increase the pressure and it should be followed by increasing the length of the shortened muscle Muscle energy technique (MET) is a manual procedure in which minimal energy is used for management of movement limitation in spine and extremities. Osteopathic MET is a unique procedure conventionally used to treat muscular tension, local edema, empty end feel and joint dysfunction. For achieving good results in MET co-ordination of patient and therapist is required, whereas patient actively participate by contracting his/her muscles actively. It defined MET as a manual method in which patient contracts actively against the opposing force applied by the therapist. MET is used for management of shortened, stiffened or tightened muscles fibers. It is also used to strengthened the weak muscles.
Myofascial pain is managed better when treatment is applied at the specific point i.e. MTrPs there are many methods used manually for management of trigger points some of them are sustain pressure, MET, positional release technique and Integrated neuromuscular inhibition technique (INIT). Combined MET, sustain pressure and strain counter strain for the better management of the trigger points and it is known as integrated neuromuscular inhibition technique and its effect can be obtained by using multidimensional methodology Sustain pressure is most commonly used for the management of trigger points in clinical setups. The purpose of my study is to use INIT for the management of trigger points, in this technique the investigators apply sustain pressure along with muscle energy technique post isometric relaxation and Strain counter strain. After the sustain pressure it was necessary to stretch and lengthen the muscles so the reoccurrence of trigger point will be minimize. The strain counter strain normalized the sensory abnormal input to normal input and through this the investigators also minimize the chance of reoccurrence of trigger point. The significance of the study is to increase the quality of care that consequences the independent life
- Conditions
- Trigger Point Pain, Myofascial
- Being tested
- Control Group, Experimental Group
- Keywords
- Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique, Muscle Energy Technique, Neck Disability Index
- Medical subject headings
- Myofascial Pain Syndromes
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Control GroupOther
Hot fermentation was applied for 10 mints Sustain pressure on trigger point was applied with thumb for 3secs hold and 2 sec release (till pain is reduced).
Self-stretches of cervical muscles (10 reps× 1set) For home plan cervical muscles stretching and postural care was guided
Experimental GroupOther
Hot fermentation was applied for 10 mints. Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique [sustain pressure, Post Isometric Relaxation (PIR) and SCS]. Sustain pressure was applied on trigger points using thumb for 3 sec hold and 2 mints release (till pain is reduced).
Post isometric stretch (MET) was given with 4 repetitions (6-10sec hold). Strain counter strain was given in which upper trapezius shortened position was maintained by slight flexion, same side bending, opposite rotation and shoulder abduction for 90 sec and repeats this procedure till the pain is reduced to 3 out of 10.
Self-stretches for cervical muscles were done at the end of session to maintain the gained ranges (10 reps×1 set) For home plan cervical muscles stretching and postural care was guided
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Control Group | Active comparator | Hot fermentation, Sustain pressure on trigger point, Self-stretches Receives: Other: Control Group |
| Experimental Group | Experimental | Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique Post isometric stretch (MET) Strain counter strain Receives: Other: Experimental Group |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Neck Disability Index (NDI)
Changes from the baseline, NDI consist of 10 items that are pain, personal care, lifting, headache, recreation work, driving, concentration, sleeping and reading. It is completed by patient related to different functional status. NDI is used with musculoskeletal (MSK) related neck pain, cervical radiculopathy and other cervical related problems. Each item is rated by choosing one of five response categories and transformed to a total score from 0 to 100 (worst possible).
Measured: 4th day
Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS)
Changes from the baseline, Numeric pain rating scale is used to measure the intensity of pain. Numeric pain rating scale is like Visual analogue scale, in which a straight line is drawn to tell the intensity of pain.1 to 10 is the range of NPRS in which 0 means no pain and 10 means the worst pain ever. The scoring is easy at NPRS and requires at least minimum of 1 minute to end.
Measured: 4th day
Algometer
Changes from the Baseline, Algometer is a device for determining sensitiveness to pain caused by pressure. Pressure algometry is a valuable and reliable instrument in the assessment of MTrPs sensitivity. It has been used successfully for the evaluation of Myofascial Trigger Points (MTrPs), to confirm the diagnosis, and to quantify irritability. Therapeutic effectiveness of various procedures on MTrPs can be quantified by algometry
Measured: 4th day
Goniometer:
Changes from the baseline, To measure the cervical Range of Motion (ROM's) a large plastic called Goniometer is used worldwide. In different clinical settings to measure ranges of extremities and spine Goniometer is used. For measuring cervical ROMs patient sits in upright posture with thoracic and lumbar spine stable with the chair. Knees and hip are at angle of 90/90 and feet stable on floor and arms on the sides of chair. Then patient is said to move the head in either positions as far as possible. Movements include extension, flexion, right or left side bending and rotation
Measured: 4th day
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted8 Nov 2019
- Study start8 Sep 2018
- Primary completion10 Dec 2018
- Study completion28 Feb 2019
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (9)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Trigger Point Pain, MyofascialStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Riphah International UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 26 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Abdul Ghafoor Sajjad, Phd*, Principal investigator, Riphah International University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04157439
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- RiphahIU Shiza Sultan-REC00382
- Status last verified
- Jan 2020
- First submitted
- 6 Nov 2019
- Last updated
- 10 Jan 2020
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Chiarotto A, Clijsen R, Fernandez-de-Las-Penas C, Barbero M. Prevalence of Myofascial Trigger Points in Spinal Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2016 Feb;97(2):316-37. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2015.09.021. Epub 2015 Oct 17.
PubMed 26475933Vazquez-Delgado E, Cascos-Romero J, Gay-Escoda C. Myofascial pain syndrome associated with trigger points: a literature review. (I): Epidemiology, clinical treatment and etiopathogeny. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2009 Oct 1;14(10):e494-8. doi: 10.4317/medoral.14.e494.
PubMed 19680218Fernandez-de-Las-Penas C, Simons D, Cuadrado ML, Pareja J. The role of myofascial trigger points in musculoskeletal pain syndromes of the head and neck. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2007 Oct;11(5):365-72. doi: 10.1007/s11916-007-0219-z.
PubMed 17894927simons DG. Understanding effective treatments of myofascial trigger points. Journal of Bodywork and movement therapies. 2002;6(2):81-8.
Saadat Z, Hemmati L, Pirouzi S, Ataollahi M, Ali-Mohammadi F. Effects of Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique on pain threshold and pain intensity in patients with upper trapezius trigger points. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2018 Oct;22(4):937-940. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2018.01.002. Epub 2018 Jan 17.
PubMed 30368338Ravichandran P, Ponni HK, Aseer PAL. Effectiveness of ischemic compression on trapezius myofascial trigger points in neck pain. International Journal of Physiotherapy. 2016;3(2):186-92.
Lenehan KL, Fryer G, McLaughlin P. The effect of muscle energy technique on gross trunk range of motion. Journal of osteopathic medicine. 2003;6(1):13-8.
Hawker GA, Mian S, Kendzerska T, French M. Measures of adult pain: Visual Analog Scale for Pain (VAS Pain), Numeric Rating Scale for Pain (NRS Pain), McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ), Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ), Chronic Pain Grade Scale (CPGS), Short Form-36 Bodily Pain Scale (SF-36 BPS), and Measure of Intermittent and Constant Osteoarthritis Pain (ICOAP). Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2011 Nov;63 Suppl 11:S240-52. doi: 10.1002/acr.20543. No abstract available.
PubMed 22588748Hong C-Z. Algometry in evaluation of trigger points and referred pain. Journal of Musculoskeletal Pain. 1998;6(1):47-59.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 10 Jan 2020. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Compare the Effects of Two Manual Treatment Regimens on Individuals With Upper Trapezius Trigger Points
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04157439
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- RiphahIU Shiza Sultan-REC00382
- Conditions
- Trigger Point Pain, Myofascial
- Keywords
- Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique, Muscle Energy Technique, Neck Disability Index
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 26 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 8 Sep 2018 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 10 Dec 2018 (actual)
- Study completion
- 28 Feb 2019 (actual)
- First posted
- 8 Nov 2019 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
To compare the effect of sustain pressure and Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique on individuals with upper trapezius Trigger points (TrPs). The Study Design was Randomized control trial. According to inclusive criteria 26 patients were randomly allocated by sealed envelope method in experimental and control group. Patients were assessed at baseline and 4th day of session on NPRS, NDI questionnaire and ranges were taken by Goniometer and pressure threshold by Algometer. There was 3 drop out and the reason was loss of follow up. Hot pack was applied to both groups for 10mints before session. Sustain pressure was given for 3sec hold and 2sec release till pain decreases in control group. While, in experimental group INIT was used. Sustain pressure was applied on MTrPs for 3sec hold and 2sec release till pain decreases, Post isometric relaxation (MET) was given with 6-10 sec hold and repeat 4 times and at last Strain counter-strain (SCS) was given to hold muscle in shortest position for 90sec or pain reduced to 3 out of 10. At last cervical stretches were given and home plan was guided.
Detailed description
In clinical practice the neck and head pain is the most shared problem throughout the population. 45% to 54% of the total population is affected by neck pain. Idiopathic neck prevalence during lifetime is approximately 67% to 71%, two third of whole population will experience some event of neck and head pain in some stage of their life. One of important health problem is headache which is increasing mechanism of these disorders. 38.3% population experienced tension type headache in a studies during 1 year and out of which 2.2% had the chronic cases. Occurrence of cervicogenic headache in a Scandinavian individuals was nearly 16%. In recent years other studies done on general population the estimated percentage of migraine experienced by adults was 10% to 12%. And prevalence of other type of headaches is increased tremendously in past few years. Work and activity which is limited due to this disability was documented by 60% of patients having headache. 64% working capacity was reduced because of headache. So, it is important that headache has reduced the quality of life generally Trigger point are very common but still they are overviewed and poorly managed due to practitioners who have less information regarding management of trigger points. Since long time practitioners have acknowledged the management of painful and tender muscles by stretching or elongating its fibers. Muscles having trigger points are tense when examined and it has also restricted ranges. This exaggerated tension in muscle is misinterpreted with muscle spasm
- Trigger point pain is unique and tender point in skeletal muscle or fascia that does not occur due to injury, degenerative changes, malignancy, acute infection and others.
- On palpation trigger point is like a taut band, knot or a bump under the finger in a muscle which produces a local twitch response on activation.
- When trigger point is compressed the patient reports pain in a specific pattern and give jump sign.
Clinical diagnosis presents with local tenderness and 'jump sign' due to hyperirritability of the taut band, but still it is not known that if MTrPs is due to joint and bone problem or it is a separate disorder. Current studies have theorized that pathophysiology of myofascial pain syndrome and the creation of trigger points are due to damaged or burdened muscle threads, which results in automatic shortening and decreased supply of oxygen and nutrient, and with greater metabolic demand on local tissues. While the lengthened muscle have different pathophysiology for activating MTrPs. It is also suggested that reduced elasticity of neural structures is due to decrease in length of upper trapezius muscle Referred pain pattern and location of central trigger point 1 in the middle of vertical fibers of upper part of trap muscle. The central trigger point 2 in the middle of the horizontal fibers of the upper part of the trapezius. Central point 3 is in lower fibers of trapezius muscle. Trigger point 4 is at the lateral attachment of the lower fibers of trapezius muscle. This painful area is enthesopathy at the end of the tight bands associated with trigger point 3. In middle fibers of trapezius trigger point 5 is found, whereas 6th trigger point is found at the lateral attachment of middle fibers. The trigger point 7 is also in middle fibers Sustain pressure is application of gradually strong, painful pressure on trigger point for management of trigger points. By applying progressive pressure the ischemia is produced at local point using thumb or pressure Algometer and gradually the pain is reduced thus the investigators increase the pressure and it should be followed by increasing the length of the shortened muscle Muscle energy technique (MET) is a manual procedure in which minimal energy is used for management of movement limitation in spine and extremities. Osteopathic MET is a unique procedure conventionally used to treat muscular tension, local edema, empty end feel and joint dysfunction. For achieving good results in MET co-ordination of patient and therapist is required, whereas patient actively participate by contracting his/her muscles actively. It defined MET as a manual method in which patient contracts actively against the opposing force applied by the therapist. MET is used for management of shortened, stiffened or tightened muscles fibers. It is also used to strengthened the weak muscles.
Myofascial pain is managed better when treatment is applied at the specific point i.e. MTrPs there are many methods used manually for management of trigger points some of them are sustain pressure, MET, positional release technique and Integrated neuromuscular inhibition technique (INIT). Combined MET, sustain pressure and strain counter strain for the better management of the trigger points and it is known as integrated neuromuscular inhibition technique and its effect can be obtained by using multidimensional methodology Sustain pressure is most commonly used for the management of trigger points in clinical setups. The purpose of my study is to use INIT for the management of trigger points, in this technique the investigators apply sustain pressure along with muscle energy technique post isometric relaxation and Strain counter strain. After the sustain pressure it was necessary to stretch and lengthen the muscles so the reoccurrence of trigger point will be minimize. The strain counter strain normalized the sensory abnormal input to normal input and through this the investigators also minimize the chance of reoccurrence of trigger point. The significance of the study is to increase the quality of care that consequences the independent life
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Control Group | Active comparator | Other: Control GroupHot fermentation, Sustain pressure on trigger point, Self-stretches |
| Experimental Group | Experimental | Other: Experimental GroupIntegrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique Post isometric stretch (MET) Strain counter strain |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 20 to 50 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Limited range of motion (ROM): side bending or rotation (any side)
- Pain more than 3 on NPRS
- Upper trapezius triggers points: any one
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Radiculopathies
- Malignancy
- Infection
- Trauma
- Positive vertebrobasilar insufficiency (VBI)
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Control GroupHot fermentation was applied for 10 mints Sustain pressure on trigger point was applied with thumb for 3secs hold and 2 sec release (till pain is reduced). Self-stretches of cervical muscles (10 reps× 1set) For home plan cervical muscles stretching and postural care was guided | Other | Control Group |
| Experimental GroupHot fermentation was applied for 10 mints. Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique [sustain pressure, Post Isometric Relaxation (PIR) and SCS]. Sustain pressure was applied on trigger points using thumb for 3 sec hold and 2 mints release (till pain is reduced). Post isometric stretch (MET) was given with 4 repetitions (6-10sec hold). Strain counter strain was given in which upper trapezius shortened position was maintained by slight flexion, same side bending, opposite rotation and shoulder abduction for 90 sec and repeats this procedure till the pain is reduced to 3 out of 10. Self-stretches for cervical muscles were done at the end of session to maintain the gained ranges (10 reps×1 set) For home plan cervical muscles stretching and postural care was guided | Other | Experimental Group |
Primary outcome
Neck Disability Index (NDI)
Time frame: 4th day
Changes from the baseline, NDI consist of 10 items that are pain, personal care, lifting, headache, recreation work, driving, concentration, sleeping and reading. It is completed by patient related to different functional status. NDI is used with musculoskeletal (MSK) related neck pain, cervical radiculopathy and other cervical related problems. Each item is rated by choosing one of five response categories and transformed to a total score from 0 to 100 (worst possible).
Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS)
Time frame: 4th day
Changes from the baseline, Numeric pain rating scale is used to measure the intensity of pain. Numeric pain rating scale is like Visual analogue scale, in which a straight line is drawn to tell the intensity of pain.1 to 10 is the range of NPRS in which 0 means no pain and 10 means the worst pain ever. The scoring is easy at NPRS and requires at least minimum of 1 minute to end.
Algometer
Time frame: 4th day
Changes from the Baseline, Algometer is a device for determining sensitiveness to pain caused by pressure. Pressure algometry is a valuable and reliable instrument in the assessment of MTrPs sensitivity. It has been used successfully for the evaluation of Myofascial Trigger Points (MTrPs), to confirm the diagnosis, and to quantify irritability. Therapeutic effectiveness of various procedures on MTrPs can be quantified by algometry
Goniometer:
Time frame: 4th day
Changes from the baseline, To measure the cervical Range of Motion (ROM's) a large plastic called Goniometer is used worldwide. In different clinical settings to measure ranges of extremities and spine Goniometer is used. For measuring cervical ROMs patient sits in upright posture with thoracic and lumbar spine stable with the chair. Knees and hip are at angle of 90/90 and feet stable on floor and arms on the sides of chair. Then patient is said to move the head in either positions as far as possible. Movements include extension, flexion, right or left side bending and rotation
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 10 Jan 2020.
- Background: PubMed 26475933Chiarotto A, Clijsen R, Fernandez-de-Las-Penas C, Barbero M. Prevalence of Myofascial Trigger Points in Spinal Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2016 Feb;97(2):316-37. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2015.09.021. Epub 2015 Oct 17.
- Background: PubMed 19680218Vazquez-Delgado E, Cascos-Romero J, Gay-Escoda C. Myofascial pain syndrome associated with trigger points: a literature review. (I): Epidemiology, clinical treatment and etiopathogeny. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2009 Oct 1;14(10):e494-8. doi: 10.4317/medoral.14.e494.
- Background: PubMed 17894927Fernandez-de-Las-Penas C, Simons D, Cuadrado ML, Pareja J. The role of myofascial trigger points in musculoskeletal pain syndromes of the head and neck. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2007 Oct;11(5):365-72. doi: 10.1007/s11916-007-0219-z.
- Backgroundsimons DG. Understanding effective treatments of myofascial trigger points. Journal of Bodywork and movement therapies. 2002;6(2):81-8.
- Background: PubMed 30368338Saadat Z, Hemmati L, Pirouzi S, Ataollahi M, Ali-Mohammadi F. Effects of Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique on pain threshold and pain intensity in patients with upper trapezius trigger points. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2018 Oct;22(4):937-940. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2018.01.002. Epub 2018 Jan 17.
- BackgroundRavichandran P, Ponni HK, Aseer PAL. Effectiveness of ischemic compression on trapezius myofascial trigger points in neck pain. International Journal of Physiotherapy. 2016;3(2):186-92.
- BackgroundLenehan KL, Fryer G, McLaughlin P. The effect of muscle energy technique on gross trunk range of motion. Journal of osteopathic medicine. 2003;6(1):13-8.
- Background: PubMed 22588748Hawker GA, Mian S, Kendzerska T, French M. Measures of adult pain: Visual Analog Scale for Pain (VAS Pain), Numeric Rating Scale for Pain (NRS Pain), McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ), Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ), Chronic Pain Grade Scale (CPGS), Short Form-36 Bodily Pain Scale (SF-36 BPS), and Measure of Intermittent and Constant Osteoarthritis Pain (ICOAP). Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2011 Nov;63 Suppl 11:S240-52. doi: 10.1002/acr.20543. No abstract available.
- BackgroundHong C-Z. Algometry in evaluation of trigger points and referred pain. Journal of Musculoskeletal Pain. 1998;6(1):47-59.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Abdul Ghafoor Sajjad, Phd* principal investigator
Riphah International University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Experimental Group in people with Trigger Point Pain, Myofascial, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 10 Jan 2020. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Neck Disability Index (NDI) (time frame: 4th day). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT04157439, which also lists 9 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 10 Jan 2020.